International Journal of Engineering and Techniques

1-14

Authors: Ahmed Mohamed Abushnafa, R. K. Pandeyb, Deepak Lalc

This study was carried out to identify suitable sites for Industrial development at Giridih District in Jharkhand state using GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) such as landuse/landcover, groundwater, geomorphology, slope, road proximity, rail proximity, river proximity factors. High resolution spatial data (Landsat7 ETM+) and seven thematic information layers were analyzed using ArcGIS 9.3 and ERDAS Imagine 9.2 softwares to identify suitable areas for establishing an industry in Giridhi District. The entire study focuses on GIS based Overlay Weight Ages. In this study landuse/landcover, groundwater, geomorphology, slope, road proximity, rail proximity, river proximity are the factors that were identified for the multi-criteria evaluation. Various thematic maps were generated using visual interpretation of Landsat7 ETM+ satellite data for every variable showing site suitability measured on a size of 1-10. Weights for every criterion are created by contrasting with one another based on their significance. The final suitability map was obtained using weighted overlay techniques and Spatial Analyst Tool. Outcome generated through the GIS analysis shows that 160.85 km2 areas is very highly suitable, 407.85 km2 area is moderately suitable; 4398.30 km2 area is less suitable, for industrial development.

26-36

Authors: Murugan, Avudaiappan, Balasubramanian

This Paper is focused on the noise detection and reduction filtering technique of Image Enhancement. The Proposed filter combined approach of proposed Gaussian and Impulse noise removal filters. This proposed work reduces the Gaussian, Impulse, Mixed noises from MR Images. ELM noise detection technique is applied for this filter. Training and testing phases also discussed in ELM technique.The performance of the proposed filter is evaluated by some parameters. They are PSNR, MSE, SSIM,IEF and SC. The experimental result shows that the proposed filtering technique gives the best result.

42-44

Authors: M. Newlin Rajkumar, M. Lavanya

Brain computer interface is a technique used to capture the emotions and thoughts of a brain activity using Electroencephalogram(EEG). So it is useful to communicate with humans.In this paper, it deals with a Neuro sky mind wave to detect the signals for physically challenged people. If the brain activity of a signal and already attained signals are matched it displayed on the PC then it converted into an audible signal.

50-54

Authors: Rashmi Jangale, Sujata Khedkar

Happy Hours is a time-limited offer strategy which attracts people by providing maximum discounts. People are not aware about these offers going in their nearby areas because of their busy schedule. Mobile device is ubiquity available with customers everywhere and all the time which can help in personalizing advertisements with the help of spatial information and various other parameters. Existing systems use SMS to notify users about advertisements and SMS has limitations. Traditional systems use request-response pattern where user needs to always submit query which ultimately degrades user experience. Also mobile visualization ends up with too much too visualize in a too little display area. Our proposed system considers all of the above issues and leverages the strengths of proactive model and context-aware personalized dashboard for Happy Hours and their Deals recommendations.

61-66

Authors: K.Dhivya, S.Nirmalrajan

A mediator person is required for communication between deaf person and a second person. But a mediator should know the sign language used by deaf person. But this is also not possible always since there are multiple sign languages for multiple languages. It is difficult for a deaf person to understand what a second person speaks. And therefore deaf person should keep track of lip movements of second person in order to know what he is speaking. But the lip movements do not give proper efficiency and accuracy since the facial expressions and speech might not match. To overcome the above problems we have proposed a system, an Android Application for recognizing sign language using hand gesture with the facility for user to define and upload their own sign language into the system. The features of this system are the real time conversion of gesture to text and speech. For two-way communication between deaf person and second person, the speech of second person is converted into text. The processing steps include: gesture extraction, gesture matching and conversion of text to speech and vice-versa. The system is not only useful for deaf community but can also be used by common people who migrate to different regions and do not know local language.

72-74

Authors: Omkar Dhorge, ShantanuShamraj ,Sumedh Melkunde, Rohit Shinde

There are many toll collection systems implemented in India. But when factors like reliability and cost matter there is a need of new efficient system. This presented system can be implemented in Embedded Linux platform with the help of OpenCV library. The system is designed using Embedded Linux development kit (Raspberry pi). The input to the system is a camera which captures images of vehicles passing through the toll booth. Depending upon the key pressed by the tollbooth controller, current frame will be passed to the Raspberry pi, which is responsible for all the core processing like vehicle detection and other calculations. Depending on the features (mainly area) of vehicle, classification of vehicles basically as light and heavy is done. Then it will access database (containing standard information) and according to the type of the vehicle, appropriate toll is charged. This system can also be used to count number of vehicles passing through the toll booth

1-3

Authors: T.S.Geetha; Dr.S.SelvakumarRaja

A hybrid power system which consists of PV-arrays and wind turbines with energy storing devices (battery bank) and power electronic devices has been discussed in this paper to achieve an efficient and cost competitive system configuration so that hybrid power sources could improve the life of people especially in rural areas where electricity from the main grid has not reached yet Key words: Renewable energy, PV panel, Battery, Hybrid system.

11-17

Authors: Mekhala

This study aims to enlighten the researchers about the details of process mining. As process mining is a new research area, it includes process modelling and process analysis, as well as business intelligence and data mining. Also it is used as a tool that gives information about procedures. In this paper classification of process mining techniques, different process mining algorithms, challenges and area of application have been explained.Therefore, it was concluded that process mining can be a useful technique with faster results and ability to check conformance and compliance.

21-25

Authors: Divya Lakshmi M , Dr. Ramesh R

The organized placement of emergency vehicles and traffic control devices on a roadway can create safer working conditions for emergency responders. The risks associated with working in moving traffic and the constantly changing emergency scene environment can be reduced through awareness, training, teamwork and communication. In this we are using an Embedded C application with help of RFID technology to control the traffic according to the emergency condition and also to detect theft vehicles that pass through the traffic control system. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is the wireless use of electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically stored information. RFID uses a passive system to support tracking of the theft vehicle and also alert the traffic control in case of any emergency conditions. Once the vehicle is identified as emergency or theft vehicle through RFID passive system then the following changes or made in the traffic control system so that the vehicle can pass through or can be caught hold respectively. Hence, RFID will communicate to the traffic signal system accordingly and the traffic control for any emergency condition or theft alert is done.

32-38

Authors: Su Mon Myint

Nowadays, the electricity demand is increasing daily and hence it is important not only to extract electrical energy from all possible new power resources but also to reduce power losses to an acceptable minimum level in the existing distribution networks where a huge amount of power dissipation occurred. A lot of power is remarkably dissipated in Yangon distribution system. Network reconfiguration method is employed for loss reduction and exhaustive search technique is also applied to achieve the minimal loss switching scheme. Network reconfiguration is performed by opening sectionalizing switches and closing tie switches of the network for loss reduction. The distribution network for existing and reconfiguration conditions are modelled and simulated by Electrical Transient Analyzer Program (ETAP) 7.5 version software. The proposed method is tested on 83-Bus and 74-Bus radial distribution system in Yangon city since it is long-length, overloaded lines and high level of power dissipation is occurred in this system. According to simulation results of load flow analysis, voltage profile enhancement, power loss reduction and cost saving for proposed system are revealed in this paper. Keywords — exhaustive search technique, loss reduction, load flow analysis, cost saving .

45-54

Authors: Su Hlaing Win

In this paper a load flow based method using MATLAB Software is used to determine the optimum location and optimum size of DG in a 43-bus distribution system for voltage profile improvement and loss reduction. This paper proposes analytical expressions for finding optimal size of three types of distributed generation (DG) units. DG units are sized to achieve the highest loss reduction in distribution networks. Single DG installation case was studied and compared to a case without DG, and 43-bus distribution system is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed analytical expressions are based on an improvement to the method that was limited to DG type, which is capable of injecting real power only, DG capable of injecting reactive power only and DG capable of injecting both real and reactive power can also be identified with their optimal size and location using the proposed method. This paper has been analysed with varying DG size and complexity and validated using analytical method for Summer case and Winter case in 43-bus distribution system in Myanmar. Keywords- analytical method,distributed generation,power loss reduction,voltage profile improvement.

63-70

Authors: Wai Mar Myint, Theingi

Robots can be autonomous, semi-autonomous or remotely controlled [6]. The robot arm is widely used in many industries and dangerous areas. Automatic control of the robotic manipulator involves study of kinematic. The kinematic problem is defined as the transformation from the Cartesian space to the joint space and vice versa This system include the kinematic control which is used for picking and placing the object in its workspace. There are many types of robot arm in the world of engineering. This research describes design of jointed robot arm control system using kinematic modelling. The main focus of this system is to control the end-effector of robot arm to achieve the desired position in the workspace using MATLAB programming, microcontroller and inverse kinematic modelling. The MATLAB window(GUI) is used the inverse kinematic for the requirement data for the specified angle of the arm and displayed on the computer. The description of this system is to implement the hardware components for the moving process and to control servo motors with pulse width driving circuit. PIC and Max-232 been used to drive for the servo motors of the control system and receiving serial data from the computer. The control program is written in Mikro-C programming language.

77-79

Authors: Ravindra Gajanan Hatwa

The problem that plague Indian agriculture at present are the capital and labour , especially in the rural areas. Problems related to irrigation, market and transport facility add significant cost to farmers' operations. Since long time, Indian farmers have been facing a number of socioeconomic problems, such as harassment by moneylenders, inability to repay debts following crop loss, inability to get medical treatment for the family, etc. The problem is compounded by lack of positive and cooperative support from banks especially in the face of inclement weather and market fluctuations. There is no commercially available machines for De-husking manual have yet been developed that can reliably remove husk and selling with embedded shell after harvest remove hull promptly from the nut in the home orchard .Hull remove best done by hand for the Indian occurring almond. Other machine available only for the foreign seed almond in mass production level which is highly cost which is not suitable for the batch production as a side business for the former which is full-fill the defined requirement of basic condition. There for my approaches to develop low cost portable alternative for almond seed processing for raw almond extraction process which is suitable for the low income former to maintain its live hood with the help of such side business. Side business play a important role if which is on the agriculture if failure in the farm which give economic support to the farmer

91-95

Authors: Ibearugbulem O. M , Dike B. U , Ezeh J.C , Agbo S. I

The analysis of short cylindrical shells with one end clamped and the other end free (C-F) under internal hydrostatic pressure was presented. The study was carried out through a theoretical formulation based on polynomial series and application of conservation of work principle. By satisfying the boundary conditions of the C-F short cylindrical shell, a particular shape function was obtained which was substituted into the total potential energy functional of the conservation of work principle and minimized to obtain the unknown coefficient. Aspect ratios considered were in the range 1< L/r <4, stresses and strains at various points of the C-F short cylindrical shell were determined. The most critical case 1, deflection, rotation, shear force and bending moment were 6.62898 * 10,-8.28623 * 10,-119.8900, -359.06997 respectively.It was observed that as the aspect ratio increases, the stresses and strains decreases in magnitude.

99-108

Authors: Fahimuddin. Shaik, Dr.Anil Kumar Sharma, Dr.Syed.Musthak Ahmed

As Diabetes Mellitus combined with other ailments will become a deadly combination, hence there is an urgent need to break the link between diabetes and its related complications. For this purpose image processing based analysis can potentially be helpful for earlier detection, education and treatment. Medical image analysis of Diabetic patients with its related complications such as DR, CVD & Diabetic Myonecrosis (i.e. on Retinal Images, Coronary angiographs, Electron micrographs, MRI etc) is to be the aprioristic because of its more prevalence. Thus the main work of this paper is on literature review about Diabetes and Imaging such as the Prevalence, Classification, Causes and Medical Imaging & Survey of Image processing methods applied on Diabetic Related Causes. Keywords — Image, segmentation, retinopathy, Myonecrosis,

1

Authors: Sayli Nikumbh,Suchal Gujarathi,Shubham Pawar,S.P.Pingat

The goal of this project is to provide a location-based alarm system through which users can broadcast their last known position in emergency situations. The system will be able to send an SMS or an e-mail containing the user’s location coordinates to the already registered mobile numbers using GCM service. The location information is obtained using GPS technology and real-time location is shown on the receiver’s application using Google Maps API. In situations where GPS is not available, the system tracks location using LBS technology .Keywords: GPS,GCM,LBS Android

10

Authors: Ms. Shweta Dhavale, Ms. Pooja Mohan, Ms. Ashwini Shitole, Ms. Rohini Mote

The cloud user can remotely access software, services, application whenever they require over the internet. The user can put their data remotely to the cloud storage. So, It is necessary that the cloud must have to ensure data integrity and privacy of data of user. The security is the major issue about cloud computing. The user may feel insecure for storing the data in cloud storage. To overcome this issue, here we are giving public auditing mechanism for cloud storage. For this, we studied Oruta system that providing public auditing mechanism. Revocation is all about the problems with security occur in system. And we are revoked these many problems from the system. We are also revoking existing members and adding new members in a group. In this way, we overcome the problem of static group. In this system, TPA is Third Party Auditor which maintains all the log credentials of user and it verifies the proof of data integrity and identity privacy of user. So, TPA plays a very important role in our system. Here we defining statement of our model as,“Privacy Preserving using PAM in Cloud Computing ”. .Keywords: Cloud Service Provider, Provable Data Possesion, Third Part Auditor, Public Auditing, Identity Privacy, Shared Data, Cloud Computing

18

Authors: Dushyant Kumar Soni, Ashish Hiradhar

Clock gating is an effective method of reducing the dynamic power consumption in synchronous circuits. One of the ways to achieve this is by masking the clock that goes to the idle portion of the circuit. In This paper we will present a comparative analysis of existing clock gating techniques on some synchronous digital design like ALU (Arithmetic logical unit) etc. Also a new clock gating technique that provides more immunity to the existing problem in available technique. In new proposed clock gating the Gated Clock Generation Circuit is using tri state buffer and Gated logic is used which is created by the combination of double gated (AND, OR, AND logic gate) with bubbled input respectively. This circuit saves power even when Target device's clock is ON. All experiments are done on Xilinx14.1 EDA tool. Mentor Graphics Model SIM. For power calculation we are using XPOWER. Sparten-3 (90nm) FPGA platform is used for result and analysis. The proposed design will reduce the hardware complexity with approximately 10-20%. Similar clock power complexity will reduce with 5-10%. Keywords — Tri state buffer; VLSI; Xilinx; glitches; hazards;Sparten.

29

Authors: Prateek Joshi, Mohammad UmairZaki

Connecting Rods are practically generally used in all varieties of automobile engines. Acting as an intermediate link between the piston and the crankshaft of an engine. It is responsible for transmission of the up and down motion of the piston to the crankshaft of the engine, by converting the reciprocating motion of the piston to the rotary motion of crankshaft. Thus, this study aims to carry out for the load, strain and stress analysis of the crank end of the connecting rod of different materials. Based on which the High Strength Carbon Fiber connecting rod will be compared with connecting rod made up of Stainless Steel and Aluminum Alloy. The results can be used for optimization for weight reduction and for design modification of the connecting rod. Pro-E software is used for modeling and analyses are carried out in ANSYS software. The results archived can also help us identify the spot or section where chances of failure are high due to stress induced. Also the results obtained can be used to modify the existing designs so that better performance and longer life cycle can be archived.

54

Authors: Velu.S, Baskar.K, Kumaresan.A, Suruthi.K

The complexity of landscape pattern mining is well stated due to its non-linear spatial image formation and inhomogeneity of the satellite images. Land Ex tool of the literature work needs several seconds to answer input image pattern query. The time duration of content based image retrieval depends on input query complexity. This paper focuses on designing and implementing a training dataset to train NML (Neural network based Machine Learning) algorithm to reduce the search time to improve the result accuracy. The performance evolution of proposed NML CBIR (Content Based Image Retrieval) method will be used for comparison of satellite and natural images by means of increasing speed and accuracy. Keywords: Spatial Image, Satellite image, NML, CBIR

68-73

Authors: Hemangi Bhalekar, Swati Kumbhar, Hiral Mewada, Pratibha Pokharkar, Shriya Patil,Mrs. Renuka Gound

A Decision tree is termed as good DT when it has small size and when new data is introduced it can be classified accurately. Pre-processing the input data is one of the good approaches for generating a good DT. When different data pre-processing methods are used with the combination of DT classifier it evaluates to give high performance. This paper involves the accuracy variation in the ID3 classifier when used in combination with different data pre-processing and feature selection method. The performances of DTs are produced from comparison of original and pre-processed input data and experimental results are shown by using standard decision tree algorithm-ID3 on a dataset

80-84

Authors: Aishwarya Manjunath, Shreenath K N, Dr. Srinivasa K G.

This paper proposes medium access control (MAC) layer protocol for wireless sensor networks. Sensor nodes are battery operated so the energy efficiency is an important aspect for the wireless sensor networks WSNs. The protocol aims for achieving energy efficiency to increases network lifetime and scalability to increase the network capacity. Clustering, synchronization and low duty cycle are some of the characteristics for utilizing energy efficiently in the network. The protocol is designed with having the schedules of the clusters to be overlapped in a low duty cycle operation. We have evaluated the performance of protocol through detailed ns- 2 simulation. The simulation results show that this protocol outperforms when compared to SMAC. It has reduced schedule updates, power consumption and data loss. . Keywords— Wireless sensor networks, duty-cycle, clustering, schedule, synchronization, energyefficiency

90-93

Authors: Deeksha S.

Wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed autonomous sensor nodes. WSNs are widely applicable in monitoring and control of environmental parameters such as temperatures, sound, pressure, etc. Sensor nodes cooperatively pass data among themselves in the network. Sometimes it is necessary to update data or program image through wireless links after they are deployed in order to adjust configuration parameters of sensors or distribute management commands and queries to the sensor nodes. In many applications these code updates need to be kept secret. Authentication and confidentiality play a very important role in providing secure code updates. Sometimes an adversary may transmit forged data, forcing nodes to waste their energy in identifying it as invalid. And also adversaries may sometimes repeatedly send invalid program image requests to its neighbours making them exhaust their energy. To avoid such attacks authentication of nodes need to be made and code updates need to be kept confidential. Keywords— Wireless sensor networks, secure code updates, confidentiality, authentication, denial of service.

103-107

Authors: S. R. Adhav,Prof. U. R. More.

This paper presents interfaces required in wireless sensor node (WSN) implementation. Here keyboard, LCD, ADC and Wi-Fi module interfaces are presented. These interfaces are developed as hardware prototypes in the application of wireless sensor node as a single chip solution. Protocols of these interfaces have been described with the help of their hardware simulations and synthesis reports. The end application is proposed to monitor physical parameters remotely using wireless protocol. The sensor node has to be implemented on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The proposed node design is reconfigurable, and hence flexible in context of future modification. Xilinx platform is proposed for synthesis, simulation and implementation. Keywords — FPGA, wireless sensor node

113

Authors: Nilesh B Karande , Nagaraju Bogiri

Recently, rates of vehicle ownership have risen globally, exacerbating problems including air pollution, lack of parking, and traffic congestion. While many solutions to these problems have been proposed, Carpooling is one of the most effective solutions to this problems Recently, several carpooling platforms have been built on cloud computing systems, with originators posting online list of departure/arrival points and schedules from which participants can search for rides that match their needs. In this paper, an improved carpool system is described in detail and called the improved intelligent carpool system (IICS), which provides car poolers the use of the carpool services via a smart handheld device anywhere and at any time. This IICS Consist the geographical, traffic, and societal information and used to manage requests and find minimum route. We apply advanced genetic-based carpool route and matching algorithm (AGCRMA) for this multiobjective optimization problem called the carpool service problem (CSP).

129-133

Authors: Mr. D K Kamat, Ms. Pooja S Ganorkar, Mrs. R A Jain

This paper presents the activities of children in Epilepsy in which a person has repeated or recurrent seizures over time. In this, the particular person suffers from symptoms such as violent shaking, non controllable jerky movements of the arms and legs, loss of alertness etc. But in the proposed model, we are using the wearable sensors which will be worn on the brain and palms to detect the epileptic attacks and the GSM is used so that the message is send through mobile to their relatives or friends that an attack has occurred. Proper medicines can cure this disorder so we are going to suggest medicines according to the type of seizure. The readings will be displayed on flex grid. The sensors include two 3-axis accelerometer sensors, temperature sensor, moisture sensor. This model will utilize the ARM LPC2138 processor and the programming will be developed in keil3. Software includes Visual Basics. So we will be doing the monitoring as the seizure will be detected and their parents or relatives will be knowing about it. We are going to detect generalized tonic clonic seizures, absence seizures. Keywords — Epilepsy, flex grid, GSM, sensors, types of seizures.

1

Authors: Imran Ullah Khan,Mohd. Javed Khan,S.Hasan Saeed ,Nupur Mittal

This paper deals with the overview of latest video coding standard High-Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC). Also this work presents a performance comparison of the two latest video coding standards H.264/MPEG-AVC and H.265/MPEG-HEVC. According to the experimental results, which were obtained for a whole test set of video sequences by using similar encoding configurations, H.265/MPEG-HEVC provides significant average bit-rate savings of around 40%. Keywords: - CABAC, CAVLC, H.264/AVC, HEVC PSNR and SBAC.

9

Authors: R.M.Chamundeeswari,Dr.P.Sumathi

The mobile ad hoc network is an infrastructure less system of mobility appliance connected by wireless. The system protection violate cannot be prohibited using access and information flow control. This violate may be outcome system software and hardware failures interrelate system organizational actions or disappointment of the system verification module. The required for generate the existing methods into more difficult is in addition rising, because it result into fresh and other useful resolution. Intrusion detection is a significant part in the detection system abuse in many cases in current research works. An intrusion detection system is the capability to sense intruders and abuser actions in the system in a competent and sensible fashion. An Intruder that collaborate a mobile node in MANET eliminates the communication between the nodes. By distribution fake routing information, provided that false link status information, and plentiful other nodes with superfluous routing traffic information. The dependency and decentralized of MANET facilitate a challenger to enlarge innovative type of attacks that are measured to demolish the cooperative algorithms used in ad hoc networks. MANET is mostly susceptible to several kinds of attacks like inactive eavesdropping, dynamic impersonation, and denial of services. An Intruder that collaborate a mobile node in MANET obliterate the communication between the nodes by dissemination fake routing information. If inaccurate link state information, and abundant other nodes with superfluous routing traffic information. Therefore, successful implementation of MANET based on user’s poise in its security. The security research in MANET has paying attention on key managing, routing protocol and intrusion detection techniques. Assessment on intrusion detection and supportive layer in MANET endow with resolution to extend their real world applications. In this paper, aspire to revision the various intrusion detections and prevention systems that were anticipated for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). And then compare the latest techniques Intrusion Detection dependent on their architecture and data gathering techniques

28

Authors: Ms.Pallavi Dhok, Mr.Aditya Dhanvijay

Digital broadcast systems have increasingly been deployed for various services such as Digital Video Broadcasting (i.e. DVB-S, DVB-T, etc.) and Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB). Classical digital broadcast systems were designed with fixed modulation techniques, which had to guarantee reliable communication even with very hostile channel environment. Video Broadcasting is playing a key role in communication areas. In this paper DVB-T (terrestrial based digital video broadcasting) based OFDM is analyzed in terms of various parameters for 2K mode. Keywords:- Digital video broadcasting, DVB-T, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM

36

Authors: Er. Harjot Kaur, Mrs.Daljit Kaur

E-commerce stands for electronic commerce. E-commerce is doing business online and electronically. This paper attempts to highlight the different challenges faced by e-commerce in India and to understand the essential growth factors required for e-commerce. This paper describes the different services and opportunities offered by E-commerce to business, Producers, Distributers and Customers. Keywords: - E-commerce, Challenges, Growth Factors.

46

Authors: Ikdeep Kaur, Harjit Singh, Anu Sheetal

The effects of optical nonlinearities in optical fibers are ubiquitous. These effects can be deleterious, but also have many useful applications, especially in the field of implementing all-optical functionalities in optical networks. The paper is devoted to modeling the evolution of signal at 400 Gbps during non linear propagation for DP 16-QAM modulation format in order to show the impact of optical launch power and fiber span transmission on the propagation. This study is focused on the non linear propagation of fiber to obtain the relationship between Optical Launch Power (OLP) and Error Vector Magnitude (EVM). It is found that the for the range of launch power (-8dBm to 4dBm) , EVM is below 16%. Keywords: DP, EVM, OLP, QAM.

68

Authors: Abdul Latif Saleem, Raja Sagar R, Sachin Datta N S, Sachin H S, Usha M S

The project "STREET LIGHT MONITORING AND CONTROL SYSTEM" is developed for automatic street lights maintenance and to reduce power consumption. The application is designed in such a way that we place light sensors in all street light circuits, which is responsible to switch on and off automatically. once the lights are switched on current sensors placed at every street light circuits are responsible to report problem status to the centralized system with help of GSM module attached with the circuit. The status is available in the centralized system, the work man now can easily locate the particular light to take care which minimizes the time to search it and repair. The system also maintains database to store useful information from each street light like power consumption, total number of burning hours, total number of interruptions, tally the actual power consumption with the power supplied and details of fault detection. Hence maintaining the system with optimal power consumption giving commercial benefits to business and the prosperity of the city as a whole. .Keywords: current sensor, GSM, Light Dependant Resistor [LDR], microcontroller

1

Authors: Husssain Babu, Mohammad Ali

Robotics is the branch of technology that deals with the design, construction, operation and application of robots and computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans, in hazardous or manufacturing processes, or simply just resemble humans. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics

9

Authors: R.Rajkamal, P.Rajenderan

The existing concept of virtualization provides increased system utilization via virtual infrastructure and promotes resource sharing across an organization Cloud computing is a recently evolved computing terminology or metaphor based on utility and consumption of computing resources. Cloud computing involves deploying groups of remote servers and software networks that allow centralized data storage and online access to computer services or resources.. For example, a cloud computer facility that serves European users during European business hours with a specific application

16

Authors: P.Mallikarjuna,Dr. B.Uma Maheswar Gowd

In present days, Refrigerators are cyclic devices working fluid in refrigerator is called Refrigerant. The performance of refrigerators is expressed in terms of coefficient of Performance. And the cooling capacity of a refrigerating system is expressed in terms of Tonne of Refrigeration. Frosting is an unavoidable phenomenon either in domestic refrigerator or in industrial installations. Different methods are available to remove the frost accumulation like water defrost, electric defrost and hot gas defrost methods. Very few techniques are available to reduce the frost accumulation in the evaporator. The main objective of the present work is to reduce the quantity of frost by using coating on the evaporator coil. The coating chosen is to be very smooth, sustain the low temperatures and non wettable . so that there is a chance of forming of frost layers in the evaporator. By doing so, water drips can roll off easily, the dust and other impurities deposited on the surface can be easily removed. Commercially available 662 S - SILICONE GREASE coating material is chosen as coating material. A domestic refrigerator of 165litres capacity working with refrigerant 134a was procured and its pull down characteristics was determined to analyse proper working condition of the refrigerator without coating on the evaporator walls the load was kept inside the refrigerator and the amount of frost deposited was measured for various time intervals. The above process was repeated for various loads. Then the evaporator was coated with 662 S-SILICONE GREASE. The amount of frost deposited on evaporator was measured with the same loads used for without coating for various time intervals. By comparing the experimental results the amount of frost deposited was found to be reduced when 662 S-SILICONE GREASE coating was used. Due to reduction of frost accumulation the power consumption also was found to be reduced. Keywords: Refrigerator, evaporator, R134A, frost accumulation, 662 S-SILICONE GREASE coating, COP, power consumption