Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

10-13

Authors: Michele Schaub

Global vessel traffic is one of the origins responsible for air pollution. Annex VI of the IMO International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) focusses on air pollution. Air pollution accrues mainly from energy conversion in combustion engines especially during transient engine operation. One significant pollutant is soot. It represents impure carbon substances in various sizes due to an incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. This paper focusses on the data-based modelling of soot for transient engine operation in order to predict air pollution in the context of a sophisticated manoeuvring assistance system. In a first step, a stationary approach is investigated and extended for transient engine operation. If one knows about the consequences of his actions, then the role of the human is enforced to decide on energy efficient and emission reduced ship operation, especially during ship manoeuvres.

18-21

Authors: Artur Popko, Konrad Gauda

The structure of the artificial neural network (ANN) to support the selection of organic coatings was developed and verified, and its learning process was carried out. A simulation of the operation of the network was also carried out, which showed that programming of the coating system selection process can be much faster and more accurate, which is important for a system used in industrial conditions.

26-29

Authors: Tomasz Rymarczyk, Bartek Przysucha, Marcin Kowalski, Piotr Bednarczuk

The article presents a solution based on a cyber-physical system in which data collected from measuring sensors was analysed for prediction in the production process control system. The presented technology was based on intelligent sensors as part of the solution for Industry 4.0. The main purpose of the work is to reduce data and select the appropriate covariate to optimise modelling of defects using the Cox model for a specific mechanical system. The reliability of machines and devices in the production process is a condition for ensuring continuity of production. Predicting damage, especially its movement, gives the ability to monitor the current state of the machine. In a broader perspective, this enables streamlining the production process, service planning or control. This ensures production continuity and optimal performance. The presented model is a regressive survival analysis model that allows you to calculate the probability of failure occurring over a given period of time.

34-37

Authors: Volodymyr Mashchenko, Valentine Krivtsov, Volodymyr Kvasnikov, Volodymyr Drevetskiy

The paper deals with its own oscillations of a rectangular rod with a cross section of a rectangular shape. The method of determining real part of Young's dynamic modulus and tangent of mechanical loss of samples in the form of rods of a number of polymer materials by means of resonant vibrating-reed method are proposed. Experimental setup, algorithm and software for determining the amplitude of the sample oscillations are developed. The accuracy of measurements was determined and a comparative analysis of results was performed with data obtained by other methods.

43-47

Authors: Tomasz Rymarczyk, Michał Gołąbek, Piotr Lesiak, Andrzej Marciniak, Mirosław Guzik

This article presents the ultrasonic structure for the analysis of technological processes in the field of reflective and transmission waves. Ultrasound tomography enables the analysis of processes occurring in the examined object without interfering with its interior through appropriate acquisition and analysis of data. The design goal is to verify the repeatability of measurement results by eliminating laboratory equipment. The ultrasonic tomograph has been designed in a modular way and consists of a motherboard connected to an analog signal conditioning board, a liquid crystal display with an integrated graphics processor and a high voltage pulser with a 64 channel multiplexer. The solution was designed for tomographic measurements of technological process properties.

52-59

Authors: Jacek Kryszyn, Damian Wanta, Waldemar T. Smolik

Further tests of EVT4 data acquisition system for electrical capacitance tomography are presented. The modular system, which can have up to 32 channels with an individual analogue to digital converter, was designed to ensure small uncertainty of capacitance measurement at high speed of imaging. The system’s performance in the context of 3D imaging was experimentally verified. In particular, we show that the measurement of changes in capacitance due to a small change of an electric permittivity distribution for the most distant electrodes in a suitably designed 3D sensor is possible using our system. Cross-plane measurements together with the measurements for the pairs of most distant electrodes are essential for accurate reconstruction of 3D distributions. Due to sensitivity of capacitance measurements obtained in the hardware, the measurements for all electrode pairs can be used in the inverse problem – the system of equations can be extended. Although the numerical condition number of a matrix of such a system is high, image reconstruction is possible from the data obtained in our system. The results of 3D image reconstruction for simple test objects are shown.

64-68

Authors: Olga Chaikovska, Oleksandr Ponomarenko, Olexandr Dovgan, Igor Rokunets, Sergii Pavlov, Olena Kryvoviaz, Oleg Vlasenko

Technologies for multichannel electrophysiology are experiencing astounding growth. Numbers of channels reach thousands of recording sites, systems are often combined with electrostimulations and optic stimulations. However, the task of design the cheap, flexible system for freely behaving animals without tethered cable are not solved completely. We propose the system for multichannel electrophysiology for both rats and mice. The system allows to record unit activity and local field potential (LFP) up to 32 channels with different types of electrodes. The system was constructed using Intan technologies RHD 2132 chip. Data acquisition and recordings take place on the DAQ-card, which is placed as a back-pack on the animal. The signal is amplified with amplifier cascade and digitalized with 16-bit ADC. Instrumental filters allow to filter the signal in 0.1–20000 Hz bandwidth. The system is powered from the mini-battery with capacity 340 mA/hr. The system was validated with generated signals, in anaesthetized rat and showed a high quality of recordings.

74-77

Authors: Sławomir Szymaniec, Sławomir Szymocha, Łukasz Miszuda

Nowadays, humans are surrounded by more and more devices that artificially generate an electromagnetic field. According to law, supervision of the level of the electromagnetic field requires specific measurements. Measurement performed by traditional methods have several limitations, which come from the infrastructure and time taken to perform the measurement. New methods of measurement are being developed in order to execute the research relatively quickly and repeatedly without any limitations. One of the methods is to use a flying mobile measurement platform.

83-86

Authors: Łukasz Kwaśny

In distribution power grids supplied by dispersed power sources, for example RES (Renewable Energy Sources), in the event of a load dump, unexpected transient states may appear. These states involve a dangerous increase in voltage or current. This situation may lead to the disconnection of these sources. To prevent this phenomenon, a non-linear anti-windup regulator with a conditional integrator has been proposed. This solution allows a significant improvement of the generator’s dynamic properties both at load dump and on return to full load.

93-98

Authors: Katarzyna Zwarycz-Makles, Sławomir Jaszczak

The construction and automatic control of single-stage six-bed adsorption heat pump for heating and cooling purposes is discussed. The presented device is design to simulate operating conditions as well as temperature and uptake changes in the adsorbers/desorbers and consequently to describe the performance of the six–bed adsorption heat pump. The authors focus on advanced operation and strategy of multi-bed heat pump adsorber/desorber performance configuration. Through the use of a sequential system of sorption columns operation, the continuous character of the gained power of device in a wide range is obtained. It is possible as a result of using in the device the quantitative control of the pump by switching sequentially columns (sequential control), quality control by changing the temperature of heating/cooling water flowing in series or parallel through sorption columns and by changing the time parameter of sorption process (adsorption/desorption time) of the bed.

10-13

Authors: Alexander Litvinenko, Natalya Litvinenko, Orken Mamyrbayev, Assem Shayakhmetova

This paper focuses on the study of some aspects of the theory of oriented graphs in Bayesian networks. In some papers on the theory of Bayesian networks, the concept of “Generation of vertices” denotes a certain set of vertices with many parents belonging to previous generations. Terminology for this concept, in our opinion, has not yet fully developed. The concept of “Generation” in some cases makes it easier to solve some problems in Bayesian networks and to build simpler algorithms. In this paper we will consider the well-known example “Asia”, described in many articles and books, as well as in the technical documentation for various toolboxes. For the construction of this example, we have used evaluation versions of AgenaRisk.

18-21

Authors: Oleg Avrunin, Yana Nosova, Sergii Zlepko, Ibrahim Younouss Abdelhamid , Nataliia Shushliapina

Olfactory studies can be a criterion for evaluating rhinosurgical intervention, and olfactory impairment may indicate respiratory impairment. Therefore, the urgent task is to develop an integrated approach to determining respiratory and olfactory disorders. A structural scheme was developed for the method of objective diagnosis of respiratory and olfactory disorders, taking into account the measu, rement of both the aerodynamic parameters of nasal breathing and the calculation of energy characteristics, which are used to determine olfactory sensitivity. The diagnostic significance of the proposed method of analyzing rhinofolipometry data with regard to additional parameters was assessed - it is necessary to take into account the time and power of breathing when the threshold of sensation of the odorivector is at the transition point of the airflow mode to the turbulent quadratic. It has been established that it is advisable to use the energy criteria of nasal breathing, pneumatic power and energy of nasal breathing under the action of the corresponding odor vector for the assessment of respiratory impaired olfactory. To assess the respiratory impairment of olfactory, it is necessary to use the method in which an odor vector is installed in the air path of the rhinomanometer, and the patient is asked to perform breathing maneuvers with a consistent increase in respiration rate while fixing the time at which olfactory sensitivity is achieved and then determining the respiratory energy characteristics. A statistical processing of diagnostic results was carried out, which confirms the adequacy of the model of independent statistical verification and makes it possible to use this method for the functional diagnosis of respiratory-olfactory disorders and testing of respiratory-olfactory sensitivity. The probability index of the error of the second kind is 0.17.

26-29

Authors: Sarsenbek Zhussupbekov, Svetlana Khan, Lida Ibrayeva

A comparative analysis of the measurement uncertainty estimation result is carried out. The results are obtained by GUM method described in the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement, as well as by Monte-Carlo method recommended in Supplement 1 to the Guide. Examples of calculations of uncertainty of relative error for electromagnetic flow meters calibration by two methods are given. The features of application, advantages and disadvantages of these methods are described.

35-39

Authors: Waldemar Wójcik, Maksat Kalimoldayev, Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev, Murat Kunelbayev, Aliya Kalizhanova, Ainur Kozbakova, Timur Merembayev

In the present work, an exergy analysis was done of two-circuit flat solar collector with thermosiphon circulation. The article presents a mathematical model of energy and exergic analysis of flat solar collectors, as well as calculations of solar radiation efficiency, temperature, flow rate of the fluid, exergy rates and exergy loss rates are done. The significance of the results achieved is high, since experimental studies can detect inefficient components of the solar heating system. The exergetic efficiency of a dual-circuit flat solar collector with a thermosiphon circulation describes irreversibility of the process according to thermodynamic parameters. This is caused by a large the degree of overheating achieved at the end of the processes of compression and evaporation, which leads to large differences in heat exchange temperature based on the heat pump cycle. The exergy efficiency value for the entire system is 70. Maximum values energy efficiency and exergy at noon, 32.5% and 2.23%, respectively. The efficiency of exergy is 4%, and the highest the loss of exergy is the difference between the absorber plates and the sun, accounting for 52.86% of the total exergy rate.

46-49

Authors: Salim Mustafin, Marat Arslanov, Abdikarim Zeinullin, Ekaterina Korobova

The method of forecasting of the filling concreting process according to the observational data of the stowing material’s state indices is carried out at earlier time series. The method of predicting the hardening process is based on pattern recognition methods. An algorithm for the case when the training set contains sets of time series of several classes is proposed.

54-57

Authors: Yedilkhan Amirgaliyev, Kuanyshbay Kuanyshbay, Aisultan Shoiynbek

This paper evaluates and compares the performances of three well-known optimization algorithms (Adagrad, Adam, Momentum) for faster training the neural network of CTC algorithm for speech recognition. For CTC algorithms recurrent neural network has been used, specifically Long-Short-Term memory. LSTM is effective and often used model. Data has been downloaded from VCTK corpus of Edinburgh University. The results of optimization algorithms have been evaluated by the Label error rate and CTC loss.

62-65

Authors: Łukasz Zychowicz

The article presents the possibilities of detecting defect in materials using the fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). Steel belts with a thickness of 1 mm were used for the tests: one standard and the others were damaged. The damage was in the form of incisions. The FBG was glued to the sample with epoxy glue along its entire length and elongation by outside force. Based on the transmission spectrum obtained on the Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) the processing characteristics: the main minimum on the transmission characteristics, total width of the spectrum and the full width at half maximum FWHM depending on the FBG strain was determine.

70-73

Authors: Żaklin Grądz, Joanna Styczeń

Monitoring of the combustion process is carried out in order to ensure its efficiency and stability. Selected aspects of the combustion process diagnostics using the analysis of changes in flame luminosity for two configurations: 100% pulverized coal fuel and a mixture of 80% coal and 20% biomass were presented in the article. The analysis of measurement data was conducted using selected statistical tools and a multiresolution analysis of signals.

78-81

Authors: Nataliia Lishchyna, Valerii Lishchyna, Yuliia Povstiana, Andrii Yashchuk

In the article, the development of a system of counteraction to unmanned aerial vehicles is considered. A way to counteract unmanned aerial vehicles is described. The analysis of parameters of the system and its constituent parts is carried out. The structural scheme of the system, functional and principle schemes of subsystems on the basis of Arduino are described.

86-90

Authors: Ewelina Krawczak

Since early 1990s dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) has been developed by many research groups all over the World. This paper presents a review of researches focusing on photosensitizer influence on DSSC efficiency. Variety of dye substance has been analyzed. The highest efficiency around 11.2% has been noted for ruthenium-based DSSC devices. Natural dyes allowed to reach 4.6%. The most metal-free organic dyes resulted in efficiency ranged from 5% to 9%, however, some of them (e.g. Y123) allowed to obtain devices with efficiencies equal to 10.3%. Co-sensitization is the new approach which results in efficiencies up to 14.3%.

8-11

Authors: Mirosław Płaza, Radosław Belka, Zbigniew Szcześniak

Internet-based technologies are moving faster and faster into many spheres of our lives and at the same time are a key component of the ongoing technological revolution, which is why there are many ongoing scientific projects aimed at their development. The article presents a discussion on the development of Internet-based technologies known as the Internet of Everything (IoE). The paper presents the areas in which these technologies are most often used. A multi-layered reference model and a procedure for subsequent actions in designing innovative solutions in this area are presented.

16-23

Authors: Zbigniew Omiotek, Paweł Prokop

CT images corresponding to the cross-sections of the patients’ upper torso were analysed. The data set included the healthy class and 3 classes of cases affected by sarcoidosis. It was a state involving only the trachea – Sick(1), a state including trachea and lung parenchyma – Sick(2) and a state involving only lung parenchyma – Sick(3). Based on a fractal analysis and a feature selection by linear stepwise regression, 4 descriptors were obtained, which were later used in the classification process. These were 2 fractal dimensions calculated by the variation and box counting methods, lacunarity calculated also with the box counting method and the intercept parameter calculated using the power spectral density method. Two descriptors were obtained as a result of a gray image analysis, and 2 more were the effect of a binary image analysis. The effectiveness of the descriptors was verified using 8 popular classification methods. In the process of classifier testing, the overall classification accuracy was 90.97%, and the healthy cases were detected with the accuracy of 100%. In turn, the accuracy of recognition of the sick cases was: Sick(1) – 92.50%, Sick(2) – 87.50% and Sick(3) – 90.00%. In the classification process, the best results were obtained with the support vector machine and the naive Bayes classifier. The results of the research have shown the high efficiency of a fractal analysis as a tool for the feature vector extraction in the computer aided diagnosis of sarcoidosis.

28-31

Authors: Waldemar Wójcik, Aliya Kalizhanova, Gulzhan Kashaganova, Ainur Kozbakova, Zhalau Aitkulov, Zhassulan Orazbekov

At present there exist a lot of technical devices, the failure of which can be connected not only with huge financial losses, but with the treat to the environment as well. Therefore, an important problem is the effective devices conditions diagnostics, including electronic components and check of their operation. Timely faults detecting allows introducing the prevention measures and avoiding serious consequences. Fiber-optic sensors have several advantages, more important of which include the immunity to electromagnetic disturbances, little weight and possibility to be included into the structure being measured. The most perspective are the sensors based on the Bragg fiber gratings. Bragg fiber gratings have several advantages, for instance, they allow creating the distributed measuring massifs, which contain several sensors. As well, they are insensitive to the optic power source vibrations. Variety of using the fiber sensors based on the Bragg fiber gratings has led to producing the Bragg fiber gratings with different spectral characteristics. Homogeneous Bragg fiber gratings have the spectra with solid side lobes, which can influence at the temperature sensor processing characteristics. To level the side lobes there is applied the apodization method, which is one of the means to affect the spectral form. The article herein considers the issues of the Bragg fiber gratings mathematical and computer modeling using the transfer matrix method. Transfer matrix method allows defining the optical components spectral characteristics based on the bound modes theory and description of electromagnetic wave, passing through an optic fiber. In the article there have been analyzed the Bragg fiber gratings in compliance with spectral features, such as transmission and reflectance spectra. As well, there has been carried out the experiment with influence of various parameters at the Bragg fiber gratings spectral characteristics. There have been studied the Bragg fiber gratings spectral features and selected the grating optimal parameters for designing the fiber-optic sensors based on the Bragg fiber gratings.

36-40

Authors: Kuanysh Mussilimov, Akhmet Ibraev, Waldemar Wójcik

Wind power is one of the three main renewable energy sources, along with solar and hydropower, which are widely used to produce electricity worldwide. As an energy resource, wind is widespread and can provide electricity to much of the world, but it is both intermittent and unpredictable, making it difficult to rely on wind power alone. However, when used in combination with other types of production or in combination with energy storage, wind can make a valuable contribution to the global energy balance. Over the past few decades, wind power has emerged in a number of countries as a separate energy sector that has successfully competed with conventional energy. Attention is paid to wind power plants (WT) as part of distribution and transmission networks. In this regard, an urgent scientific and technical task is the efficient use of wind potential, which is not only to improve aerodynamic characteristics WT, but also to increase productivity WT as a whole. This article presents the type of wind turbines, among the possible applications and very promising is the wind turbine Bolotov (WRTB), which by its technical characteristics surpasses the traditional propeller and other installations using wind energy in the production of electrical energy. The increase (WEUF - wind energy utilization factor) in all modes of operation WT by improving various methods of automatic control is relevant, and the proposed work is devoted to this issue.

46-49

Authors: Batyrbek Aitbaevich Suleimenov, Yelena Kulakova

Intelligent control systems are actively developing and can significantly reduce financial costs and improve the environmental performance of ore-dressing processes. Usage of intelligent control systems for gravitational enrichment allows to minimize costs and negative influence of ore tails on the environment, exclude losses of concentrate and energy resources in the ore-dressing process. The paper discusses the problems and prospects for the application of intelligent control systems of gravity concentration equipment. A structure of the control system and an intelligent model for determining the frequency of pulsation jigging machine based on fuzzy logic are proposed. The model is based on data obtained from experts, it is researched. The obtained results allow to judge about the prospects for the implementation of intelligent systems in the management of ore enrichment.

54-59

Authors: Sergii Pavlov, Yosyp Saldan, Dina Vovkotrub-Lyahovska, Yuliia Saldan, Valentina Vassilenko, Yuliia Yakusheva

Process of eye tomogram obtaining by means of optical coherent tomography is studied.Stages of idiopathic macula holes formation in the process of eye grounds diagnostics are considered. Main stages of retina pathology progression are determined: Fuzzy logic units for obtaining reliable conclusions regarding the result of diagnosis are developed. By the results of theoretical and practical research system and technique of retinal macular region of the eye state analysis.

64-67

Authors: Aliya Tergeussizova

In order to design stochastic pulse frequency systems for automatic control of objects with delay, this article shows how we obtained their models in the form of stochastic differential equations. The method of dynamic compensation of objects with delay is considered. A stochastic differential system in the Langevin form is obtained.

72-78

Authors: Leonid Polishchuk, Leonid Kozlov, Yuri Burennikov, Vasil Strutinskiy, Valerii Kravchuk

The application of adaptive drives in working units of various technological and mobile machines is considered. The results of theoretical and experimental research have proved the effectiveness of their use for improving the dynamic characteristics of machines, reducing unproductive power losses during their operation.

11-14

Authors: Mateusz Miłak, Agnieszka Leszczyńska, Krzysztof Grudzień, Andrzej Romanowski, Dominik Sankowski

The article presents the use of fast cameras and image processing and analysis methods to determine the velocity of pneumatic transport of bulk material. The presented solution is dedicated to the analysis of dense flow in the form of slugs moving in a horizontal section of the pipeline. The developed image-processing algorithm is based on the estimation of the bulk solid material level in the pipeline in particular moments of the process. The acquisition of an image containing the area of two separate sections of the pipeline allows to determine the shift-time of material between two pre-defined pipeline regions. The obtained results indicate the proper action of the developed system

23-28

Authors: Aleksander Chudy

The article contains basic information about selected mechanical, electrical and electrochemical techniques of electrical energy storage. Due to the rising popularity of renewable resources, electrical energy storage systems will play more and more significant role in the power engineering, electronics, car manufacturing and other key areas. This situation leads to the need to raise awareness of electrical energy storage.

33-36

Authors: Andrii Bomba, Andrii Safonyk, Olha Michuta, Mykhailo Boichura

A numerical method of quasiconformal mappings for solving the coefficient problems of finding eigenvalues of the conductivity tensor having information about its directions in an anisotropic medium using applied quasipotential tomographic data is generalized. The corresponding algorithm is based on the alternate solving of problems on quasiconformal mappings and parameter identification. The results of numerical experiments of imitative restoration of environment structure are presented.

41-44

Authors: Olexander Zadreyko, Olena Trofymenko, Nataliia Loginova

In the European Union, in the first half of 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation came into force, which established the new rules for processing users’ personal data for IT companies. The operating systems (OS) are the dominant software that is responsible for collecting and processing data in computer systems. The most common OS is the Windows OS family. The authors identified Windows 10 operating systems, that collect and accumulate user's personal data; developed and tested practically an algorithm, the application of which localizes and blocks the transfer of user's personal data to official servers of the Microsoft company.

49-52

Authors: Pavel Khusainov

It is offered to consider the index of element importance for multi-element soft-hardware objects with complex structure physical, information links. Elements evaluation is carried out in the planning of implementation of diagnostic tests. The methodological basis is based on the use of formal objects "network of uniformity soft-hardware devices", "processes operating environment", the diagnostic model of inter-process communication tract.

57-60

Authors: Victor Banket, Sergei Manakov

A method has been developed for increasing the specific rate of frequency modulation signals with a continuous phase based on the use of the properties of composite Walsh-Barker sequences. The proposed method is applicable for multi-position signals. Simultaneously, the tasks of synchronization and registration of processing results are solved. The increase in the efficiency of digital signal transmission systems is theoretically justified.