International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications

4955-4961

Authors: Hebron Hailu Wodajo 1, K S Ananda Kumar 2*, Girmay Tekle Kidane 3, Sisay Muleta Hababa 4

With the advancement of technology in communication and electronic components, cheap and tiny microprocessors that are used to create wireless networks are becoming more readily available. The primary goal of this work is to compare the performance of various routing protocols chosen from wireless sensor networks (WSN) based on network lifetime. To do this, three well-known energy saving hierarchical routing protocols called Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Power-Efficient Gathering in Sensor Information Systems (PEGASIS) and Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Sensor Network Protocol (TEEN) were selected for the study. Because these network protocols rely on hierarchical structures to function and save energy, they are fascinating to investigate. In this research, four-performance metrics considered namely number of nodes in alive, average energy dissipated, operating nodes per round and network lifetime. As a result, the researcher conducted a general analysis of the protocols in terms of performance metrics. The findings of the study show that among the three routing protocols, PEGASIS has longer network lifetime and lesser power consumption while LEACH has the least network lifetime and the highest power consumption. On the other hand, TEEN has been figured out that it has medium performance in terms of both power consumption and network lifetime. This shows that LEACH is ideal for small networks and can be preferable during critical times. Whereas, PEGASIS is ideal for large networks as it has efficient power consumption which results in longer network lifetime.

4971-4978

Authors: Mr. Saheed Tunde Zubair, Dr. Vijay Arputharaj, Dr. Ashok Kumar, Ms.Pushpa Rega Ganesan

High demands of wireless data service are increase globally and this makes Empirical path loss models of great interest. Path= loss= Propagation= models= are= useful= as= predictive= tools= for= receiving= signal= intensity=at= any= particular= distance= between= the= transmitter= and= the= receiver= at= that= particular= point,= it=is= important= in= many= ways,= such= as= Base= Transceiver= Stations= (BTS)= location,= radio= coverage= area= estimation,= frequency= assignments,= interference= analysis,= optimization= transfer,= power=adjustment= and= connection= budget. This paper presents an assessments and evaluation of five widely used empirical path loss models in predicting signal in the VHF and UHF bands in Kano City, Nigeria. In the work, five error analysis methods are used and a large scale field strength measurement was conducted within Kano State metropolis using specially configured dual band handset, GPS and GENEX® Probe software, data samples were collected along a predefined route Measurement= of= the= drive= test= was= carried= out= in= Kano, Nigeria= to= obtain= path= loss= data= from= various= base= station= transmitters= at= varying= distances. The routes covered are Zaria highway through eastern bypass road Dan Agundi to Bayero University, Kano old site, Hotoro GRA, Badawa Layout to SabonGari along MM way and Kabuga to Bayero University New site.It was found that HATA model provides the best results in terms of minimum mean Error, RMSE and SCRMSE. HATA model has the best fit which falls within the acceptable range of ±10dB.

4983-4987

Authors: Prabhat Kumar Sahu, Dr. Rajendra Gupta

The web mining is a broad research area emerging to solve the issues that arise due to the WWW phenomenon. The Web mining research is a converging research area from several research communities, such as Databases, Information Retrieval and Artificial Intelligence. This work overview the most important issue of Web mining, namely sequential traversal patterns mining. In this paper, calculation of Weight and Support of every page is checked to know the importance of the web page and applied the Frequent Sequential Traversal Pattern Mining with Self Organizing Map (FSTSOM) algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm shows that the complete set of patterns runs considerably faster as compared to WAP Tree and FS-Tree algorithms.

4993-5000

Authors: 1* Oloyede A.O., 1 Yekini N.A., 2* Akinwole A.K., 2 Ojo O

In today’s modern world, most businesses, regardless of size believes that access to the internet is essential to compete effectively in the industry. Yet, connecting a personal or corporate computers to the internet could expose personal or confidential data to malicious attack from anywhere since unprotected connections to the internet makes computer users vulnerable to attacker, hacker, virus, and other internet threats. Therefore, firewall is introduced to provide high degree of protection to the network and network users. This work is concerned with the design and implementation with firewall approach to network security as a means of protecting both individual and corporate network from hostile intrusion coming through internet connectivity. Conclusively, this system proposed is built based on the packet filtering mechanism to control or filter all the packets coming in and leaving the protected site using IP address, and port number of the TCP/IP packet. It was discovered that firewall approach is more robust as it combined capability of other methods like packet filtering, port scanning etc.

5007-5015

Authors: Koffka Khan, Leah Joseph, Emilie Ramsahai

A lot of research has been done in the area of TCP long-lived (TLL) and short-lived flows and well as UDP but there is limited research done on how they can affect adaptive video streaming at a single household bottleneck router. The goal of Adaptive streaming is to deliver videos to the user in the most efficient way possible and in the best quality possible. Several factors can affect the quality of videos including internet connection and other applications using the same router. It is important to note which applications can negatively affect streaming and cause issues such as poor-quality videos and buffering. This paper investigates the impact that various applications that use TCP long-lived flows have on streaming and its effect is compared to applications that use UDP flows. The aim is to determine which type of flow affects adaptive streaming the most. This investigation is carried out with the use of the TAPAS (a Tool for rApid Prototyping of Adaptive Streaming) player. Live experiments were conducted at a household bottleneck link with a client player, a TCP or UDP application. We show that UDP flows disrupt adaptive video streaming to a greater extent when compared to TCP TLL flows.

4884-4890

Authors: Hamdy.H El-Sayed, E.A. Zanaty, Samy S. Bakeet, Elham M.Abd-Elgaber

In recent years, researchers have focused on wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Because there are a lot of applicationswe used. The wireless sensor network consists of many small sensor nodes that contain a small and self-charged battery. Sometimes it is possible to change the power source of the node battery but sometimes it is impossible to do so, and this varies depending on the nature of the network environment so, the wireless sensor network may be destroyed over time. This makes the process of increasing the lifetime of the wireless sensor network a major challenge for researchers. There are a lot of WSN protocols to improve the lifetime of WSN, one of these protocols and some of its modified versions. In this paper, LEACH is used to investigatewireless sensor networks (WSN) byevaluating LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-B (balanced leech), MOD-LEACH, I-LEACH, and Multi-hop LEACH. Moreover, The LEACH, LEACH-C, LEACH-B (balanced leech), MOD-LEACH, I-LEACH, and Multi-hop LEACH are implemented by MATLAB to achieve simulation results. The performance evaluation is shown in more charts to prove the performance of these protocols.

4896-4914

Authors: Lakshita Agarwal, Chetan Singh Negi, Jalaj Sharma, Sunita Jalal

Software-defined networking (SDN) is a technology that is emerging in today’s world and it is mainly used for changing the state of the network by breaking the older version of it and by separating the network’s control layer from the layer of the routers and switches. It also introduces the ability to program any network in any given situation and it is also promoting the logical centralization of the network control. SDN makes it easy to introduce and create new inventions in a networking system, simplifies the network management and makes net- work evolution easier. In SDN, the control plane and the data plane can be separated with the help of a well-defined programming interface between the SDN controllers and the switches. The Controller Placement Problem (CPP) is one of the most important tasks that have to be done in the Software Defined Networks. CPP affects all the desired aspects of a decoupled control plane, for example the option of state distribution, the fault tolerance capacity and also the performance metrics of a network. In latest researches, we will study about the introduction of a novel method named Garter Snake Optimization Capacitated Controller Placement Problem (GSOCCPP) to obtain the near-optimal minimal propagation delays in the Capacitated Controller Placement Problems.

4919-4924

Authors: U. Chaitanya, Hansika Garapati, S.Priyanka Raj

The advent of modern human computer interfaces has seen a considerable progress in Hands-free Human Computer Interaction (HCI) solutions. This project focuses on developing a methodology to facilitate computer cursor control for people with physical disabilities such as Quadriplegics and amputees. The proposed methodology takes real-time video input from the user using OpenCV and performs face recognition. The 68-point landmark algorithm is used to locate the various facial features which can be used for cursor control. Opening/closing the mouth based on Mouth Aspect Ratio (MAR) indicates activation/deactivation of the cursor control. The nose tip is used for controlling and moving the cursor in all 4 directions by moving the head left, right, up and down. Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) is used to detect eyes and eye flickering. Left and right eye blinks indicate left and right clicks respectively. Squinted eyes indicate scrolling of pages, which is beneficial while working with PDFs and other such documents. The proposed system requires very basic requirements like webcam and a few Python libraries such as OpenCV, Numpy, imutils, dlib and PyAutoGUI. Thus it would help the physically disabled users to efficiently use the computer, thus eliminating the need of a physical mouse interaction.

4931-4938

Authors: Md. Faruk Abdullah Al Sohan, Afroza Nahar, Md Sajid Bin-Faisal

Wireless Network consists of several sensors and data communication among them in a cluster basis. This report focusses on the comparison and description of several Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) routing protocol with the reason of their energy efficient routing activity. In wireless network implemented with sensors, it is required to develop an energy efficient routing protocol for making the lifetime of the network longer. The comparison of these protocols with the base LEACH and then identifying the advantage and some issues regarding energy efficiency is the core concern of this work. After comparison and description of the LEACH protocols, a new approach is proposed along with the workflow of its routing activity and cluster head formation to make a more energy efficient LEACH approach in the future days.

4816-4820

Authors: ZHANG Han-wen, HU Ying*, ZOU Yong-jia, WU Cheng-yu

Sign language as the main communication channel for deaf and hearing people, plays a very important role in daily life. With the rapid development of the field of deep learning, the field of sign language recognition has ushered in new opportunities. Aiming at the small number of sign language samples and low detection accuracy, an American sign language detection method based on Resnet-18 and data augmentation is proposed. First, the sign language picture is adjusted to 64×64 size using the filling method, and then the data is augmented by methods such as chromaticity change, rotation, and noise addition to increase the diversity of data samples and improve the robustness of the detection method. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the sign language recognition method based on Resnet-18 can reach 99%, which provides a new method for sign language recognition.

4827-4832

Authors: Naglaa Saeed Shehata*, Mona Nasr, Laila El Fangary, Laila Abd EL hamid

The world's third most serious and lethal cancer rankings are colon cancer. Like cancer, the most important stage of early diagnosis is. Deep learning has become a leading learning tool for object detection and its successes in advancing the analysis of medical images have attracted attention. Convolutionary neural networks (CNNs), which play an indispensable role in the detection and potential early diagnose of colon cancer, are the most popular method of deep learning algorithms for this purpose. In this article we hope to take a look at the progress of colonic cancer analysis by studying profound learning practices. This study provides an overview of popular profound study algorithms used in analysis of colon cancer. All studies in the fields of colon cancer, including detection, classification as well as segmentation and survival prediction, will then be collected. Finally, we will conclude the work by summarizing the latest deep learning practices in analysis of colon cancer, a critical examination of the challenges and proposals for future research.

4839-4844

Authors: Dr. S. R. SURESH

In earlier days, the customer retrieved library materialized structured information are difficult due to enormous database acted in particular location. This paper deals the privacy and security concern includes threats, attacks, data integrity, data leakage, data availability, loss of control, vulnerability and flaws during distribution of services, resources and information. This technique verifies customer verification and validation between cloud clients and cloud providers. Storing the library information system in digital manner is essential through cloud technologies. As an outcome, library consumers can access resources from outside of physical library using cloud methods. This proposed method enforces the use control and access log technique to reduce the data leakage, improve the efficiency and user privacy of the confidential information. It evaluates the several challenges and issues of cloud such as user authentication, data availability, data confidentiality in a cloud environment. This paper depicted the various investigation reports and reviews of various researchers on electronic digital information based library and its resources by cloud methods and storages. This system provides a scheme of a cloud storages functional construction for building knowledge based digital library. Client’s confidential data are stored in global data center storage and numerous local data centers through redundant array of independent disk method in this cloud environment that leads to recovery from the user control and data leakage. This new innovative flexible system delivers the combination of methods like multi-level security with data availability on dissimilar storages, encryption and decryption technique with customer verification and validation method. The electronic digital library resources and services create novel development in scheme of multiple storages with respect to information access and distribution of confidential data in cloud. The multiple cloud storage architecture for digital electronic library offers data handling, speedy transmission of information and linking of communication among library patrons and cloud providers. It will endorse the maturity level from official level members to higher administrate that meet user request and identify the defensible development of knowledge based digital library system. This capable digital library system maintains the cloud computing environment with better performance evaluation. This functional structure progressively established electronic digital library knowledge management by means of user participation. This digital library using multiple cloud storage implementations creates well organized data integration, reduced cost, accessible any-where at any time of services and resources, scalability, elasticity and portability. Furthermore, cloud security and privacy enquiries know the ability of the adaptable digital library system using cloud computing techniques and extent abundant effectiveness with protected cloud environment.

4855-4860

Authors: Ms. Manpreet Kaur, Dr. Sarpreet Singh

Cloud Computing is proving as an emerging research area in the arena of information technology (IT). The three main services offered by the cloud are IaaS, SaaS, and PaaS. Internet-based technology that emphasizes its use and follows a lead model. The most serious problem in computer computing balances the load across the network. This is how, the heavy load is evenly distributed over the network areas so that no single node is overcrowded. The main purpose of neutralizing the load is to make better use of resources that improve system efficiency and reduce resource utilization that reduces carbon emissions. The content of the paper emphasizes mainly the idea of several load balancing methods used in cloud computing. This paper contributes to the analysis of the problems of the existing loading algorithm and provides comparisons between these algorithms on the basis of various quality metrics such as reliability, performance, energy-saving feature, rating, and more.

4742-4745

Authors: ZHANG Xuan-yu, DENG Zuo-jie

In recent years, with the increasing demand for high-precision clothing image classification, people has attached great importance on the clothing image classification method based on CNN. In this paper, we discussed how to improve the accuracy of image classification by preprocessing the data set, combining the data set with CNN structure and improving the loss function. The comparative experiments between different structures of CNN and loss functions have been done. The experimental results show that the method we used can better improve the effect of classification and classification accuracy.

4750-4762

Authors: Yakubu Ajiji Makeri, Giuseppe T. Cirella, Francisco Javier Galas, Hamid Mohsin Jadah, Adetayo Olaniyi Adeniran

The aim of this paper was to enhance an enterprise network performance through VLAN implementation by simulating an existing LAN and rectify LAN using VLAN at, in two different scenarios. To rectify the drawbacks of existing enterprise network using virtual local area network. To simulate and compare the new (VLAN) and existing (NO_VLAN) enterprise network performance Virtual LAN technology can also be used to mitigate vulnerability surface for hackers by reducing the traffic request to servers, network visualization leads to ease of administration. There were more benefits of network virtualization through the implementation of VLAN. Thus, VLANs improved bandwidth utilization, power, speed and security. However, nowadays the high-speed network makes people to sense that network is a much more powerful tool to enhance in any business enterprise and make the company running more efficient. The main purpose of the network ability in the universities is to support learning, teaching, research and sharing of information. Unfortunately, even though the capacity of the bandwidth considered to be sufficient, the network can appear slow and inconsistent due to some factors like: the poor network design, the number of devices on the network, local network protocols (MAC Protocol) and misuse of the bandwidth by accessing to bandwidth hungry websites and applications (Dhurgham , 2018).

4776-4780

Authors: S. Rajarajeswari, T. Tamilarasi

Diseases are causing high rates of mortality in the modern world, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the major causes of mortality, and it has a long-term disability. The predisposing factors for CKD include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, smoking, obesity, family history of kidney disease and congenital kidney problems. CKD is associated with many complications such as, proteinuria, anaemia of CKD, CKD-mineral and bone disorder, dyslipidemia and electrolytes imbalance. Renal replacement therapy (dialysis and kidney transplantation) is the treatment of choice for CKD. Data mining is an accurate technique helps to predict the disease using various methods includes logistic regression, naive bayes classification, k-nearest neighbours, and support vector machine. Apart from these previous techniques, it was necessary to use a classification method for data segmentation according to their diagnosis and regression method for finding risk factors. In this present study, data are classified using proposed Identification of Pattern Mining, Decision Tree methods and regression techniques are used to obtain the best levels and this can be taken as metrics that the proposed methods can help in diagnosing a patient with CKD.

4793-4799

Authors: Kayalvizhi E, Balamurugan Gopalakrishnan

In cognitive radio network, the spectrum sensing finds either the channel is occupied or idle, the problem is assigning the unused channels of the primary user (PU) to the secondary users in an efficient manner is most challenging issue. In this work, we investigates the above issue and proposed an adaptive resource allocation to the secondary users in terms of channel allocation and power allocation. The proposed work intelligently handles both frequency and space efficiently without affecting the quality of service (QoS) of the primary user. We considered both underlay and overlay spectrum access, based on that resource allocation is carried out in an efficient manner. The maximum transmitted data rate of the secondary user (SU) obtained is 225Kbps determined by using Shannon channel capacity theorem. The proposed work also shows the effectiveness of the simulation in terms of energy efficiency up to 8.25 x 10 5 bits/Joule.

4668-4676

Authors: Wu Shiqi 1, Zhao Xing-yu 2, Qiu Fenglin 1, Tang Zhi-hang 1

This project is the design of word cloud analysis program based on web crawler. Taking Jingdong Mall as the platform, it crawls all comment information of designated products, conducts data cleaning and data analysis on the information obtained from the review and crawler, and generates word cloud map.At the same time, the visual analysis of review data can clearly show the advantages and disadvantages of customer-centered evaluations and commodities, and provide an important reference for consumers to choose commodities and businesses to improve decision-making and optimize services. This project is developed by using Python3 language, using PyChart as the IDE, using the requests library, JSON library, World Cloud library and PyMongo library, using Navicat to connect MongoDB, using PyQT5 library to achieve visual interface, and JavaScript+HTML5+ CSS3 +MySQL+ word cloud + Boozing and Bagging algorithm for data analysis and algorithm optimization. In addition to providing consumers with cost-effective, highly evaluated and highly rated goods, it also provides the sellers with more specific data to improve their own defects.

4691-4696

Authors: S.G.Hymlin Rose, Thilothi.R, Rubiya Banu.N, Sandhiya.A, Sumithra

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) in recent times, have become one of the most promising network solutions with a wide variety of applications in the areas of agriculture, environment, healthcare and the military. Notwithstanding these promising applications, sensor nodes in WSNs are vulnerable to different security attacks due to their deployment in hostile and unattended areas and their resource constraints. One of such attacks is the DoS jamming attack that interferes and disrupts the normal functions of sensor nodes in a WSN by emitting radio frequency signals to jam legitimate signals to cause a denial of service. In this work a step-wise approach using a statistical process controls technique to detect these attacks. We deploy an Improved Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (IEWMA) to detect anomalous changes in the intensity of a jamming attack event by using the packet Break Advent Time (BAT) feature of the received packets from the sensor nodes. Results obtained from a trace-driven simulation show that the proposed solution can efficiently and accurately detect jamming attacks in WSNs with little or no overhead.

4706-4713

Authors: Dipendra Pant, Santosh Bhattarai, SanjayaPoudel

People with disabilities, the elderly, those who are sick, and children all need assistance. Staying with them 24 hours a day, seven days a week is impractical, and it also has an effect on the care receiver's psyche, making them feel overly reliant. Various architectures have been proposed, but none of them discuss generalization, feasibility questions, which are important for any care seeker, and also lacks focus on elderly people and non-critical patients care. As a result, an accessible, efficient architecture that allows our loved ones, especially the elderly and non-critical patients, to live healthier lives is required. It is important for health practitioners to be able to monitor the body status of those receiving care in real-time and to provide them with timely input on their health. As a result, the proposed generalizable architecture recognizes all stakeholders, as well as vital signs in the human body. Consolidates all of them into an IoT-based smart care infrastructure comprising a non-invasive hybrid body area sensor networks supported by cloud computing platforms, machine learning, and data analytics models, with the aim of assisting in the provision of high-quality, low-cost care to the elderly and non-critical patients. Finally, the design was validated through a survey and professional consultation with 45 experts, who agreed with the proposed architecture 82.2 percent of the time.

4719-4724

Authors: Salahuddin Shaikh, Liu Changan, Maaz Rasheed Malik

The few researchers have put their ideas about class-imbalance during analysis of datasets, two types of class imbalances are present in datasets. First type in which some classes have many models than others and that is called between class imbalance. Second type in which few subsets of one class have less models than other subsets of similar class and that is within class-imbalance. Over-sampling and Under-sampling innovation assume noteworthy jobs in tackling the class-imbalance issue. There are numerous dissimilarities of over-sampling and under-sampling methods which utilized for class imbalanced dataset model. We have used two sampling techniques in our research paper for our imbalanced datasets models. One is over-sampling using SMOTE technique and another one is under-sampling using spread-sub-sample. During experiments, all results are measured in evaluation performance measure. Mostly they all are class imbalanced measurements, in which precision, recall, f-measure, area under curve and 12 different classifiers we have used in our experiments to get the comparatively results of both sampling techniques. The over-all analysis showed that the efficiency of correctly classified in over-sampling techniques is enhanced in few classifiers as compared to under-sampling techniques. The TP-rate and positive accuracy of both techniques, the stacking is worst classifier in these experiments and multi classification and LMT couldn’t increase the TP-rate in under-sampling techniques. The over-all comparative analysis of both techniques as compared with without using sample techniques have increased but over-sampling technique is more valuable to use for solving the class imbalance issue.