European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology

1-9

Authors: Abbasali Dehghan Tezerjani, Mehran Mehrandezh and Raman Paranjape

This paper presents a novel method for inspecting the interior surface of pipes using laser-optics. The variation in the local curvature of a laser ring projected onto the pipe’s surface is measured via an image taken by an omnidirectional camera, hence the name omnidirectional laser optics. There will be sharp changes in the curvature when the laser ring passes over defects (i.e., dents, cracks, sliver, bad weld trims, etc.). Computationally-traceable digital-geometry-based metrics are used to calculate the change in curvature through an elliptical curve fitting in real time. Experimental results prove the high performance of the proposed method for detecting small defects at a high resolution and in a short time.

14-19

Authors: Praveen P Likhitkar and Chandrasekhar N Deshmukh

The smart antennas are widely used for wireless communication, because it has a ability to increase the coverage and capacity of a communication system. Smart antenna performs two main functions such as direction of arrival estimation (DOA) and beam forming. Using beam forming algorithm smart antenna is able to form main beam towards desired user and null in the direction of interfering signals. In this project Direction of arrival (DOA) is estimated by using MUSIC algorithm. Receive Beam forming is performed by using LMS and LLMS algorithm .In this Paper, in order to perform secure transmission of signal over wireless communication we have used chaotic sequences. This paper evaluates the performance of Beam forming with and without LMS and LLMS algorithm for MIMO-OFDM wireless system. The simulations are carried out using MATLAB.

24-28

Authors: B Kailash Krishna Prasad and K Rajesh

Designing an optimized hybrid power system model is considered to be one of the most challenging areas in Electrical Engineering stream. The hybrid model which is developed should be of cost effective and environmental friendly. To accomplish this task, it is of utmost importance to carry out optimization process with the help of dedicated software. Hence, in order to model a micro power optimized model, it is preferable to use Homer software which basically provides a platform to develop an eco friendly model. This paper presents a case study of grid-connected hybrid system which was exclusively developed in Homer environment and simulation results are shown. Focus is given on cost analysis and ensuring emission level control of the complete hybrid system.

37-42

Authors: Sneha Gupta, MK Pandey and RK Srivastava

The presence of man-made chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment may cause contamination of land. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents, pesticides, lead and other heavy metals for e.g. Copper, Cadmium, Arsenic, lead, mercury etc. Contamination of soil not only changes the engineering properties of soil but also creates health hazard. Soil stabilization is the process of improving the engineering properties of soil. The purpose of modification is to increase the strength, reduce settlement, reduce permeability and inactivate contaminants present in the soil. Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) is a fine powdery material similar in appearance to Portland cement obtained as waste material during cement manufacturing process. Cement Kiln Dust added to soil in modest amount has a beneficial effect on the engineering behaviour of soil. Interaction of CKD with a given soil depends on the chemical and physical properties of CKD as well as the nature of soil. The main aim of the present study is the evaluation of behavior of cadmium contaminated soil with addition of CKD in varying percentage (1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%). The effect of stabilization of contaminated expansive soil is reported in this paper.

47-55

Authors: Suhas S Biradar

A mechanistic model of flexible pavement was considered and constructed to study the effects of shear modulus on performance of various pavement layers. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of interlayer bonding by varying of the shear modulus of the contact layer. Flexible pavements are complex structures consisting of several layers of asphalt and granular materials. This pavement layers including overlays are subjected to wheel load due to improper bonding may cause slipping of layers and which will induce parabolic deformation on the top surface of the pavement. The elastic property is influenced mainly by shear modulus of the contact layer with other parameters being constant. Bonding is assessed due to increase or decrease of critical stress values when static loading condition is maintained with constant elastic properties except shear modulus for the contact layer. Stress distribution is extremely influenced by the adhesion conditions at the layer interface. The response of the pavement is assessed from the critical stresses developed. Various analysis software such as KENPAVE, ABACUS, BISAR and ANSYS are available. Present study involves analysis using ANSYS software. Critical stress values for varying shear modulus in range for 9000kg/cm2 to 12000kg/cm2 have effect on the bonding characteristics which is the key factor for pavement response. Performance is determined due to the effect of the elastic properties.

62-69

Authors: K Praveen Kumar Rao and K Kalaiarasi

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of small nodes with sensing, computation, and wireless communications capabilities. Many routing, power management, and data dissemination protocols have been specifically designed for Wireless Sensor Networks, where energy awareness is an essential design issue. The focus has been given to the routing protocols which might differ depending on the application and network architecture. In this paper, we present a survey of the state – of – the – art routing techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks. We first outline the design challenges for routing protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks followed by a comprehensive survey of different routing techniques. Overall, the routing techniques are classified into three categories based on the underlying network structure: Flat, Hierarchical, and Location – based routing. Furthermore, these protocols can be classified into multipath – based, query – based, negotiation – based, QoS – based, and coherent – based depending on the protocol operation. We study the design tradeoffs between energy and communication overhead savings in every routing paradigm. We also highlight the advantages and performance issues of each routing technique. The paper concludes with possible future research areas.

77-82

Authors: Suprotim Sinha Majumdar, Marut Pattanaik and JV Alamelu

A wireless sensor network (WSN) in its simplest form can be defined as a network of sensors, denoted as nodes, that blankets a region and provides information about it. It can sense the environment and communicate the data gathered from the monitored field via wireless links [1]. WSNs have numerous applications ranging from indoor deployment scenarios in the home and office, to outdoor deployment scenarios in natural environment, polyhouses and military settings. In all modern polyhouses, several measurement nodes are required to track down the local climate parameters in different parts of the polyhouse to make the monitoring system work properly. In this paper, we are showing the use of WSN in a polyhouse system. We aim at proving that that the implementation of LEACH protocol to our wireless sensor network would, in fact, reduce the average energy dissipation per node per transmission. Thus leading to a drastic increase in the lifetime of the sensor nodes.

88-91

Authors: Amit Kumar Malik and VK Gorana

In this paper, the effect of tool rake, tool shape, tool radius and tool material on the tool chip interface temperatures was investigated when machining mild steel workpiece material. The machining tests were carried out on a shaper. For temperature measurement, a test setup that was designed and constructed for temperature measurement was used. The LM 35 types sensor were used to construct the setup and cutting temperature measurement readings were recorded on a computer during the tests. The MINITAB15 software is used to draw main effect plots and interaction plots between parameters. The effect of process parameters like feed, cutting speed, depth of cut, tool material, and tool shape and tool geometry is seen on the tool chip interface temperature.

98-102

Authors: M Paavani, A Naga Malli and Kiranmayi

Evaluating trigonometric functions, used in Digital Signal Processing applications like Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) is a complicated task involving large area, high complexity and time issues. To reduce the delay at the expense of area constraints an optimized hardware efficient technique called Coordinate Rotation Digital Computer (CORDIC) is used. CORDIC technique is implemented, without use of multiplier, which eases the process. This journal presents how CORDIC technique is implemented in pipelined mode for different applications such as computing trigonometric functions to determine FFT, data conversion.