Bulletin of Prydniprovs'ka State Academy of Civil Engeneering and Architecture

4-10

Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, Yu. Dubrov

It seems to us that the value of any scientific work is not only in the presentation of concrete results, but also to a large extent that it should stimulate further studies in the field of study in her knowledge. However, sometimes in many publications, that devoted to the description and study of special scientific fields, the basic ideas and research results are formalized to the extent that the study of these works, even for well-trained reader, often turns in their transcript. However, science is not only of the concepts, theories and their evidence. It inevitably involves a number of general concepts related to the choice of the subject of research and the formation of concepts needed to conduct these studies. At the same time, a philosophical question inevitably arises: what is the relation of that part of science, we are doing to the real world around us? In this regard, we are trying to answer this question, without claiming to be common, though, much of what we celebrate on this occasion, is not new, and similar ideas can be found in other authors. In my defense, we note that the almost simultaneous occurrence of similar thoughts in different authors, in no way connected with each other, under the current complexity of the world around us, is a known fact. As examples we can point to the discovery of analytic geometry, Descartes and Fermat, the discovery of calculus by Newton and G. V. Leibniz, the discovery of non-Euclidean geometry of N. I. Lobachevsky, J. Bolyai and K. F. Gauss, vector calculus opening H. Grassmann and W. R. Hamilton, etc. And these scientists, in their human qualities different, almost incompatible. Objects of study, general systems theory, in the majority, are objects with a large number of variables, strongly interconnected, part of which is randomly changed (or unpredictable) way. In this context, an adequate description of the tools and studies of such objects is the probability theory, which allows to measure quantitatively the degree of «credibility» (probability) of different events, compare them and numerically evaluate the probability of occurrence of an event, and predicts the probability outcomes of random events.

15-19

Authors: T. D. Nikiforova, O. Nesin, P. Lysenko

Problem formulation. In the modern period of the development of our society and in conditions of the tough market competition the main indicators of the construction efficacy is economy, shorting of the construction period and shorting of the land area for construction. First of all, it is necessary reduce its prime cost to ensure ordinary citizens with the available dwelling. With increasing prices for building materials and energy supplies the only one way to ensure ordinary citizens with the available dwelling is using rational constructive schemas and effective building constructions. Nowadays, frame systems from monolithic concrete are mostly used for high–rise buildings where vertical and horizontal loads are perceived by rigidity diaphragms and frame constructions. That’s why a lot of factors influence a choice of constructive decisions. Taking into account these factors let choose the best constructive decision on the base of various designing. Analysis of publications. With implementing DBN V.2.6–98:2009 «Concrete and reinforced concrete constructions. Main positions» SNiP 2.03.01–84 «Concrete and reinforced concrete constructions». The analysis of modern program complexes of the calculation of building constructions showed that PC LIRA–SAPR is the only one complex which calculate reinforced concrete constructions of buildings according to DBN V.2.6–98:2009. The goal of the work is a value of the efficacy of variants of constructive decisions of the monolithic overlapping of the building by the comparison of main technical and economical indicators. For the analysis two variants of monolithic overlapping are accepted: the flat overlapping with plates leaned outline (variant № 1) and ribbed overlapping with plates leaned outline (variant № 2). For the analysis of variants of the overlapping main tasks were solved: – making calculation models of the overlapping in PC AutoCAD and the import in PC LIRA–SAPR; – calculation and choosing the armature in overlapping plates in PC LIRA–SAPR; – comparison of the technical and economical indicators of both variants. Conclusion. The analysis of the technical and economical indicators notes that the variant № 2 is more economical more than 12.5 % than the variant № 1 according to concrete spending and more than 21 % according to the armature usage. Due to calculations of building cost and building labor content the variant № 2 is more effective. It is cheaper more than 15 % than the variant № 1 and due to labor content the variant № 2 is better more than 14 %. Calculations results show that the variant № 2 is more effective economically — the variant of monolithic ribbed overlapping with plates leaned outline.

24-29

Authors: Yur. I. Zakharov, E. S. Karnaukh

Problem statement. During the scientific investigation on the equivalent loudness level some theoretical and practical experiments were carried out. The object of research was traffic flow. Noise characteristics such as speed, quantitative and qualitative flow composition, time of the day, road surface and geometrical characteristics such as width of carriageway and the number of traffic lanes. Taking into account all the parameters we get the multivariate sample. In order to make a conclusion about the degree of interaction between all the parameters, it is necessary to study their correlation. This task can be achieved by using mathematical statistical methods, in particularly by the regression analysis. Analyzing of the resent research. Attempts to produce a mathematical theory of traffic flow date back to the 1920s, when Frank Knight first produced an analysis of traffic equilibrium, which was refined into Wardrop's first and second principles of equilibrium in 1952. A lot of scientists all over the world such as R. Kartabaev, V. Syl'yanov, F. Kheyta, D. Dryu et al. were working on the problem of the equivalent loudness level calculation. However, their research was being conducted long ago. In the modern world the new model for the traffic noise calculation is required. To study an interaction all parameters are divided into two categories: factorial and resultant. The factorial one causes the change of the other relevant parameters. Resultant is changed under the action of the factorial parameters. In current research factorial parameters are speed, flow intensity, width of carriageway, road inclination coefficient and the number of traffic lanes. As a resultant parameter we take the measured equivalent loudness level. Research objective. The aim of the article is to detect the range of traffic flow noise characteristics influence on the resultant equivalent loudness level. Conclusions. The specification of experimentally obtained data is given, that is made by using mathematical statistical methods including regression analysis. The order of preliminary operations is described: outlier finding and normalization check. Then the results of mathematical investigation are shown. At the end there is a conclusion about the main noise traffic flow characteristics having the major influence upon the equivalent loudness level. During the investigation was detected that the most influencing factors on the equivalent loudness level are traffic speed and intensity. Less influencing, but also important parameters are road surface and geometrical characteristics such as width of carriageway and the number of traffic lanes. In order to calculate equivalent loudness levels exactly we have to take all these parameters into account.

39-43

Authors: F. O. Korsun

Problem. There are vast losses of cold that take place during the transition of cold to deep horizons of shafts by the mine air conditioning system (MASC) with high pressure heat exchanger. Cold is transferred by the recuperative way. Vast losses of cold mean vast losses of electricity to in order to supply it. Any enterprise requires the reduction of electricity consumption. This article gives proposals on how to replace HPHE into hydrodistributor which will considerably reduce cold losses. A method for mine air conditioning system using HPHE and hydrodistributor. Efficiency factor while using MASC with HPHE and hydrodistributor have been compared. Literature review. The staff of our Academy has been investigating the problem of HPHE replacement by hydrodistributor in the system of cold–bearer distribution of deep shafts for more than 20 years now. A number of patents and inventor’s certificate were received. Hydrodistributor proposed here has been elaborated for more than 10 years. There are no hydraulic impacts in this hydrodistributor at switching hydraulic flows. Aim. A method of thermotechnical calculation of HPHE functioning and hydrodistributor of mine air conditioning system have been proposed. Efficiency factor while using HPHE and hydrodistributor have been calculated. The main task of the article is to show the efficiency factor of HPHE and hydrodistributor as well as to compare their efficiency. Consequently, the variant with hydraulic distributor ensures a better use of exergy which results in higher thermodynamic indexes. When the cold is transferred to deeper horizons with high pressure thermal exchanger, the cold is transferred by means of recuperation, whereas with hydraulic distributor it goes through the latter directly to air coolers in the bottomholes. By means of this, effective air cooling in the bottomhole is achieved and energy resources can be saved. Heat engineering comparison of the variants of mine air conditioning system operation with high pressure thermal exchanger and a hydraulic distributor has shown that while working with high pressure thermal exchanger ŋ = 18,49 %, whereas the same for hydraulic distributor is ŋ = 98,55 %. Conclusion. 1. In the process of cold transition to deep horizons with the help of high pressure thermal exchanger, the cold is conveyed in a recuperative way, whereas with hydraulic distributor it goes through the distributor it is conveyed directly to air–cooling unit in the bottomhole. By means of this effective air cooling is achieved. 2. A very small exergy loss is registered while cold bearer transition to deep horizons by hydraulic distributor. In such way energy resources are used more effectively. 3. Thus, it can be observed that the operation of the system with hydraulic distributor will be more efficient, with smaller exergy losses for cold conveyed to air cooling units. 4. Thermal technical correlation of performed for different variants of mine air conditioning with high–pressure thermal exchanger and hydraulic distributor has shown that while working with ŋ = 18,49 % and with hydraulic distributor it is ŋ = 98,55 %.

56-62

Authors: O. V. Razumova, I. V. Moroz

Problem statement. One of the important problems of high–rise constructions is architectural classification of high–rise constructions. Nowadays this question is of a great importance for many architects. Division buildings into types is the basis for research and creation of normative base for their engineering. It is difficult to find distinct indications for type definition of multistory buildings and high–rise constructions. The research is an attempt to combine architectural forms with the knowledge of construction spatial characteristics along with original cogitations. [6]. Article analysis. Architectural typology of buildings and constructions systematize and create the basic principles of buildings and constructions engineering taking into account characteristics. Structural system is an interdependent combination of vertical and horizontal supporting constructions of the building, which provide structural solidity, toughness and firmness. Author develops the structure of design–built systems and exteriority (fig.1). There are five main building structural systems — tensioned, wall construction (frameless, diaphragm), shell, barreled, volume–blocked [2]. In accordance to the used type of vertical supporting constructions (T. G. Maklakova's analysis), there are four main building structural systems — frame, wall, barreled and shell [4]. Change of force direction is defined as the height — active–height frame constructions, the constructions where the load is divided vertically. They can be: barreled, frame, bridge and shell (fig. 2) [8]. Object of the article. The notion typology is the method of scientific cognition, which is based on the separating system objects and their groups with the help of generalized model or type. Supporting construction has the main and forming position in architecture [6]. Knowledge of supporting construction principles can give architects and engineers an opportunity to take part in the process of modern surroundings. A lot of authors do not include volume–blocked system into the main construction systems, they think that it is not widely used. But nowadays the buildings construction using volume–blocks is widely used. Conclusions. The typology opens out sociological, ideological, functional, constructional and technical, economic, architectural and artistic demands. The knowing of the main constructional systems and combining them is the tool for creation forms and space with the purpose to create the territory for people. Modern volume blocks are not the functional part but full module consisting of multilevel flat, groups of flats. With the help of materials and technologies they can have difficult forms and provide regional recognizability. Knowing of construction frame systems give us an opportunity to cross a line of well–known constructions and create non–traditional forms, forms of time.

4-10

Authors: O. N. Pshinko, V. V. Pristinskaya

Problem definition. On the Railways of Ukraine is very large number of slab tracks operated with cracks, which leads to significant reduction of term of their service. The main causes of defects are unsatisfactory operation of the way and insufficient physical–mechanical characteristics of concrete and low quality raw materials. It is therefore necessary to develop the optimum structure of concrete for manufacturing these concrete products. Purpose: to identify the main defects slab tracks on the Railways of Ukraine and give reasons for their possible development. Put the results of implementation of the planned experiment and to provide recommendations for improving the technology of manufacturing these concrete products. Analysis of recent research: a lot of scientific works of the previous years it is dedicated to the improvement of the design of slab tracks. But very little attention is paid to quality of materials, improving the technology of manufacturing of these structures. Results: to develop optimal composition of concrete was conducted planned experiment using quality materials that meet all the requirements of normative documents. As a result it was established that to increase the strength necessary introduction of chemical additives in the structure of concrete that allows reducing water-cement ratio and reducing consumption of cement. It also has a positive effect on the structure of a cement stone, which leads to increased strength, frost resistance and water resistance of concrete. Conclusion. On the basis of the received results it is necessary to conduct the second of the planned experiment. This will allow more carefully choose such a composition of the concrete mixture that will meet all the requirements and have very high physical–mechanical characteristics. But the task should be approached very carefully, because most of the existing defects in structures of slab tracks appear because of infringement of technology of their manufacture.

18-27

Authors: A. S. Shipilov

Problem statement. Significant difficulties appeared while the attempts to use the concept and the model of three-dimensional space for solution of the problems, for example, in mechanics of deformed anisotropic bodies, in physics for development of the theory of elementary particles and single theory of field. It is expected that new ideas will appear in the mentioned sciences with opening real dimensionality of anisotropic environment spaces. Dimensionality of space is the number of independent dimensions characterizing the environment. Analysis of publications. Nowadays there are two approaches to the explanation of the space. The basis of the first one is on Democrit’s idea used by Newton where vacuum is referred as the special kind of objective reality. The second approach of understanding the space comes from Aristotle and Leibnitz. They consider geometrical characteristics of the material objects and properties of their environments [3]. A number of scientists stick to the combined version of the views on the space. According to M. I. Duplischev [1, page 28], «SPACE together with MATTER is the primary substance of the NATURE… and everywhere has its material content… is the endless reservoir of discrete matter of any forms and structural creations» [1, page 32]. Pramatter filling the space is ether. Ether particles are absolutely elastic small balls moving chaotically in the vacuum. [1, page 28] O. Yulanov [6] thinks that the ether of physical vacuum is torsional (twisted, vortical) electromagnetic field, energy carriers that create the particles of the substance. F. Engels [2] stated that through any point it is possible to draw three mutually perpendicular lines that means 2 vectors of the opposite direction. That is why vacuum is 6-dimensional. Nowadays it is supposed that the space is 3-dimensional. To discover independent spatial directions in the environment, which resist to deformations of stretching and pressing in different ways, there were taken the following postulates: 1) two opposite vectors of different signs on one line acting by turns are independent and create 2–dimensional space; 2) two perpendicular vectors of the same or different signs acting simultaneously are independent and the space in case of different vector signs is divided by the bisector of the angle between them on two nonuniform spaces; 3) on the plane four perpendicular vectors coming from the same origin of coordinates pairwise positive and negative but not having turns of the signs, acting by turns in pairs, create two 2–dimensional independent spaces divided by the bisector on the positive and negative direction of the vectors; 4) two opposite differently signed 3–dimensional bases combined by the the same origin of coordinates, deviatoric plane and perpendicular hydrostatic axis divided on the negative and positive directions create 6–dimensional basis. Conclusion. These postulates combined with the turns of 6–dimensional basis around its hydrostatic axis on the angles multiple of 90°, made it possible to come to the conclusion: dimensionality of the space of fully anisotropic environment is 24. Geometric model of such space represents a set of 8 three-dimensional rectangular coordinate systems consisting of 4 bases of positive and 4 bases of negative direction of the axis of coordinates coupled by common deviatoric plane and hydrostatic axes, lying at the same line divided by the starting point of the coordinate in two opposite directions, wherein systems in pairs as a whole are turned around hydrostatic angle of 90°, 180°, 270° relatively to one basis taken as a source. There were given the examples of using open space in application to development of different-module theory of elasticity and for determination of the criteria of limiting state of anisotropic bodies while its tension.

37-43

Authors: F. O. Korsun

Problem. Investigations of mine air conditioning systems situated in deep mines of Donbas by electric model were performed. Hydraulic impact values depending on the hydrosystems completion method were illustrated in the pictures. Literature review. No scientific research has been done in the field of hydraulic impacts in vertical pipelines before. D. K. Smirnov and L. B. Zubov were engaged with the problem of hydraulic impact in Ostankino television tower, Moscow. However, they had to stop the pump, whereas therein HI with flow overlapping is described. In case the pump is stopped, the first amplitude goes down (discharging, pressure reduction), whereas in case the flow is lapped with the valve — the first amplitude – pressure increase takes place and the first harmonic goes up. Aim. Investigation of HI depending on the hydrosystem completion method and in the vertical pipeline. The following variants of the pipeline have been considered: 1. According to the type of pump protection: a) The pump is protected with the damper; b) The pump is protected with a return valve. 2. According to the pipeline design: a) The pipeline location is asymmetrical comparing to the valve; b) The pipeline location is asymmetrical comparing to the valve. 3. According to the use of kinetic energy of fluid during pipeline closure: a) Fluid energy is dissipated in the pipeline; b) Fluid energy is partially absorbed by the working load acting simultaneously with the hydraulic distributor. Its value corresponds to the pipeline parameters. For the mentioned variants, Picture 1 shows strain oscillograms in the perturbation pit of the ransitional process GN.-8, corresponding to the pipeline section prior to the valve. This implies that the presence of matched load enables to reduce the amplitude of the first pressure wave by 1,4 times. At the same time, maximum pressure surge for both symmetrical and non-symmetrical pipeline with any type of pump protection is around 2,0 MPs (n* = 200 m). This value is relatively large. This variant corresponds to the non-symmetrical pipeline (relative to the perturbation pit); the pump is protected by the damper τ3 / Тн = 1. That is why there was an idea to perform the control object in such a way that it did not miss a direct current level but would let the alternating component (in kind it should not let the fluid in but it would let the pressure wave in, thus quenching oscillations. In the model it can be applied with the help of large capacity condenser which would be parallel to the electronic key. In kind it is performed with the help of the damper, parallel to the valve whose principal scheme is fully similar to the damper scheme that is parallel to the pump. The present variant was performed with the help of the model. Strain oscillograms in the perturbation pit of the transitional processes GN-8 and GN-9 are given in рicture 3. After their close examination it can be clearly observed that stain oscillations in these sections are fully eliminated. The same is true for all pits of the model. The present variant corresponds to the symmetrical pipeline (relative to the perturbation pit); the pump is protected with damper; τ3 / Тн = 1. Consequently, working with hydraulic distributor with the damper parallel to it the pressure down the entire pipeline passes from one steady-state value to the other one smoothly, without jumps (h* = 0). At the same time no special protection of the pump is needed, the design of units that protect it from accidental pressure jumps can be simpler, the possibility of cavitation is eliminated; impact energy is transformed into potential energy of deformed damper materials, and can at least partially return to the system with the opening of the valve. Conclusion. 1. The application or Racc for a non-symmetrical model in a strict branch leads to the decrease of stress amplitude in the first harmonic component by 42 % during the first one-half period, by 57% during the second one-half period, further harmonic components are even more decreased. In the reverse branch such decrease is 31 % and 49 % respectively (curves 1, 2, рic. 1, 2) 2. The application or Racc for a symmetrical model leads to the decrease of stress amplitude in the first harmonic component by 41 % during the first one-half period, by 81 % during the second one–half period of a strict branch. In the reverse branch such decrease is 40 % and 77 % respectively (curves 3, 4, 5, рic. 3, 4, 5). 3. The time of transitional process in a non-symmetrical model with the presence of Racc is decreased by 2,6 times. 4. The time of the main transitional period in a symmetrical model is decreased by 6,8 times. Thus, according to both parameters symmetrical model is a more favorable one. A satisfactory explanation is that there is a progressive wave, transferring energy brought by branches into Racc load. Similarly, in the pipeline, a progressive wave supplying energy of the halted liquid in the pipeline into effective load. Without Racc during interruption of the circuit in the model (like in full-scale hydraulic system) stationary waves are initiated whose energy is used for traction. With the application of the proposed hydraulic distributor and cold bearer distribution system in the system of mine air conditioning, heat economy will be approximately 30–40 %. With the application of the proposed hydraulic distributor in the system of mine air conditioning, technical effect lies in the elimination of hydraulic impacts, mine air conditioning system becomes more simplified and reliable.

50-58

Authors: V. Uzhelovs'kyy, S. Tkachenko

Problem statement. The efficiency of bioconversion processes is largely determined by the level of automation and process control biogas, which allows to optimize the process, enhance its efficiency and the ability to adapt to the real operating conditions. Analyzing of the resent research. In studies of contemporary experts in the field of process management energy production from unconventional sources has had a steady and good understanding of the management of biogas production from biomass. In particular, are interesting publications of Yulia Orlova, B.Baader, V. Serbin, H.Ratushnyak, J. Lione. According to them, for the implementation of the bioconversion process, ensuring its quality at the stage of direct fermentation substrate, it is necessary to form at least six data flows: raw fermentation time, temperature, stability, temperature, gas concentration, load reactor (digesters), the quality of mixing. Using known experimental dependence quantitative yield of biogas supported temperatures, and using extreme control, you can optimize the system for automatic process control biogas in the loop temperature control.There are two approaches to the task of governance Research objective. Improving quantitative yield of biogas by fermentation substrate in the reactor (digesters) by maintaining the optimum temperature. Conclusions. 1. Developed a simulation model of control extreme temperature conditions in the fermentation substrate digesters buildable and provides increased reliability compliance implementation process. 2. Resulting simulation model can be recommended, at the design stage, prior to setting up the parameters of the extreme regulator for the desired transition process with a given accuracy. 3. Application of extreme regulation , can improve the performance of digesters by 10 %.

64-71

Authors: L. Chernova, Yu. Shelest, O. Ivannikova

Object of research — residents of Dnepropetrovsk of all social groups aged 16 and older. Subject of research — images of urban environment and their perception by residents and experts (students of architectural department). Urgency of the research issue is determined by the fact that the image of the city and urban environment designed and made by architects not always coincide with the city image created in residents’ awareness, which can act back on the environment and has a great effect on the process of its formation, structuring, usage and estimation. Problem statement. According to modern sociology, the urban space is a communicative space. Scanning and understanding of the image that is put by designers and architects, its distortion and change during residents’ life in the process of their interaction with architectural and physical city environment shows that images in planning and architectural ensembles don’t coincide in residents’ vision and usage. City is the text that is written, rewritten, read and estimated differently. Intensive development and growth of cities make their image perception and orientation in them difficult. Contradictory urban space generates the same ambiguous estimations, impressions, emotions and feelings. This can make difficult the residents’ identification with the city as it requires complete image. According to M. Yakovleva the clearer the idea about the object identification is, the easier the correlation of the individual with the object will be. Сonclusion. City image can be determined as a combination of emotional and rational ideas about the city in group and individual awareness. This combination is based on communication and interaction with the environment, in the process of its perception. 1. In the course of the research it was identified the city image change in residents’ awareness as a result of transfer from industrial to postindustrial society when old images (city-plant) are replaced by new ones, but complete new image is not still found as well as the ways of further development and specialization of Dnepropetrovsk are not determined. 2. Our research proved the fact that people who live in the similar conditions begin estimate their living space similarly. The resident of one city area gave similar images of their microdistrict and the city centre. 3. Architecture not only embodies social space with its structure, value systems and social inequality but also influence on new generations and changes society. Social differentiation determines spectrum of preferences and impressions on the city and indicates disadvantages of city space. 4. Architectural environment has an influence on the residents forming their taste, habits, behavior models, space images and culture of relations. 5. Architectural environment creates a certain combination of messages in people’s perception which is comprehended as text in the context created by architects, planners, customers and which is read and rewritten by residents in daily practice. 6. Architectural environment eventually changes its images and needs constant support and development. At construction and reconstruction of a certain architectural environment its residents’ views, images and wishes should be taken into account. That will allow to get rid of subjectivism of designers and researches and understand the living world and problems of city agents’ relations.

4-13

Authors: L. A. Khmara, M. A. Spilnik

Statement of the problem. Current requirements for metal construction and road machines should meet the needs of durability and efficiency. Increased power shift forms of working to reduce metal construction, cheaper replacement for the cost of materials lossless bearing properties and other physical and mechanical properties are particularly relevant [1]. Analysis of publications. An analysis of design features improve scraper shows the trend aimed at increasing the efficiency of filling the bucket. It is not the problem of unloading soil with a scraper , which also requires additional energy. Increasing the efficiency of the discharge can be achieved by improving the shape elements bucket design. The aim is to determine the stresses that occur on the back wall scraper in the process of unloading in the changing height of about fixing cylinder. Achieving this goal requires solving problems: – develop model and conduct experimental research on load models rear walls scraper in a changing height mounting over the cylinder; – determining optimal settings back wall scraper. Conclusions: 1. Analiz stress diagrams in CAD Solid Works Simulation and polarization–optical method showed that the traditional design of the rear wall scraper requires improvement in terms of optimal configuration and strength. 2. A new design of the rear wall scraper has a more uniform distribution of stresses reduces the overall intensity by 30–40 % at the location of the cylinder in the ratio = 0,5.

20-29

Authors: A. N. Motornyi, N. A. Motornyi

Conditions of stress-strain state development in loess soil in the base and around pile shaft under various cases of collapsible loess soil soaking are studied: a) Soaking from top to bottom which has been established as the basis of the effective normative documents for pile foundations in loess soils based on theoretical and experimental research; b) Collapsible soil body soaking form bottom to top (underground area flooding) which has indicated that stress state of the pile foundation base is expressed by diminishing function. A collapsible loess soil body underground soaking case with piles partially penetrating collapsible soil has indicated that stress redistribution in the soil body under the pile tip and around pile shaft is taking place when pile tips lose their bearing that eventually leads to pile bearing capacity failure and initiation of pile cap contact bearing.

37-43

Authors: L. U. Dyachenko, O. S. Dyachenko, E. Korotneva

Statement of the problem. Self–realization in the profession of young professionals after graduation is a very important issue. Despite the high intellectual potential and mobility of university graduates they lack employment and life experience, providing with the first workplace in the labor market. The process of the growth level of the unemployed youth has negative economic and social consequences for the population of our country. Up today there are no any labor exchanges for youth or even departments for them in many cities of Ukraine. Youth, university graduates who are found for the first time themselves in the labor market are the most vulnerable of its category. Almost every other of registered with the state employment is a young person aged up to 35 years. Analysis of the literature. Issues of youth labor market, especially those with higher education are covered by such Ukrainian scientists as: S. M. Zlupko, A. A. Jaremenko, A. S. Lavruk ets. The purpose of the article — analysis of the causes of youth unemployment in the present–day Ukrainian labor market, identifying the impact of youth unemployment on the society, the study of the role of education in ensuring a high level of youth employment, the study of the trend work of employment centers associated with youth employment. The main objectives of the study: analysis of organizations activities, institutions that deal with youth employment in modern Ukraine; studying of the causes of the imbalance of the market for educational services and the youth labor market; identifying the key tendencies and problem of youth employment; defining the role of the Public Employment Service regarding youth employment; development of conceptual solutions to improve youth employment. Conclusions. In order to solve the problem of employment of young professionals it is necessary to make the following suggestions: establish centers of employment for young people or departments for youth employment in the state employment centers in all cities of Ukraine and ensure their financial support from the local authorities; it is necessary to adopt the law that would provide for the widespread use of flexible working hours for young people; introduce a clear system of required number of young professionals on the needs of different economy branches and consequently ensure graduates with first workplace; develop a mechanism of financial support to companies involved in the program of youth employment; take into consideration the need for specialists of industry in the region and forming of there should government order for the required specialties.

51-58

Authors: M. Tyutyunnik, O. V. Chelnokov

Important indicator of the quality of life and safety of life of modern man is easy to obtain and use them information. Formation, development and use of the rapidly developing and significantly changing the modern information space makes the actual task of creating the best conditions for its solution in an urban environment. Drastic changes of sources and methods of access to diverse information resources require new organizational, functional, space-planning and design solutions in the existing building typology. One of the areas of practical implementation of the actual problem may be the design and construction of the library. Since this type of building does not yet have any wide application in domestic and foreign practice, it is necessary initially to analyze the functional structure, space-planning and architectural-shaped organization of media centers and their placement techniques in planning the structure of the largest city on the example of Dnepropetrovsk. The main issues related to the design of media centers, identified the main directions for the formation of functional and space-planning structure within the existing architectural and typological features. On the basis of analysis and systematization of materials foreign practice of designing and building media centers identified the main types of "media library", "educational or research center", "information complex media", which differ according to the type of user access to information - outdoor, specialty and limited accordingly. The basic specific features of media centers in modern conditions, allowing to make recommendations and to identify promising directions for their architectural form. The features of the organization of media centers, analyzed the technological and typological features and space–planning features of media centers, as well as factors affecting their architectural solutions. Developed a pilot project of the media center.

17-23

Authors: G. P. Evseeva

The formulation of the problem. With the adop on of the new law "On Higher education" the paradigm of education has changed. In modern conditions the education of students in our country should be focused on introducing young people to the system of values of democratic (civil) society, anticipating preparing students to participate in solving of present and future challenges of the state to control it, to perform the functions of the builder and owner, director and artist, social activist, defender of the motherland. The analysis of recent research. Science teacher thought, and not only educational, quite a lot worked and is working to create conceptual provisions of national education of youth. To this problem and its various aspects there are dedicated the researches of V. Kuz, Yu. Rudenko, Z. Serhiychyk [9] J. Selezhan [19] and others [1–7]. V. Sukhomlinsky as leader of the Ukrainian national education not just exacerbated his attention to the need of education of youth in the national ideological spirit [21]. The purpose of the article is to investigate and determine the basic principles of national and ideological education of youth in today's challenging circumstances of preservation of Ukrainian state. (on the basis of the existing legal base). The conclusions. Ukrainian society, particularly its educational representatives in general, is the main subject of the impact of national patriotic ideology on the spiritual potential of youth. Formation of national ideology among young people contributes to the national security of Ukraine. This mechanism for the implementation of national patriotic ideology in the process of spiritual evolution and its potential as an integral element of the regulated significant role of the state in the process of transforming society is the guarantee of a high level of education of youth.

30-33

Authors: G. Lysenko, S. P. Volkova

The formulation of the problem. In the process of formation of a rational man who is capable to solve urgent problems of humanity the main role belongs to education, in particular — higher. But it is necessary to consider the conceptual model on which modern higher education of Ukraine is developing. The analysis of recent research. The formation and development of educational paradigm is thoroughly covered in the pedagogical literature, particularly in the context of the Bologna process [1; 2; 3], as a condition of inclusive education [4] and based on the philosophical interpretation [7]. The purpose of the article is to analyze the basic paradigm of education that emerged in the world during the historical development of society, and to identify the nature and structure of the modern paradigm of Ukrainian higher education. The conclusions. In innovative changes in various spheres of social life it is necessary to add an innovative ingredient to student–centered humanistic paradigm, which was confirmed in the national high school. The problem of the modern paradigm of Ukrainian higher education requires not only a deep understanding by the public of teaching staff in our country, but also maximum efforts to intensify its public expression into realities of national higher education in order to reach the competitive world level of it.

39-44

Authors: N. Hr. Omelyan-Skyrta

Statement of the problem. Using the results of creative activity in recent decades becomes widespread. The latest technical tools allow unimpeded use of intellectual property, which leads to an increase in human rights violations owners. The low level of compliance of legislation in this area is a series of contradictions, so the culture of cooperation in the field of intellectual property today is very important. The aim of the paper is demonstrate knowledge of the legal framework allows skillfully use the results of creative intellectual activity as a tool in the teaching field. Conclusions. 1. Gaining independence and integration into the world of space required significant changes in the protection of intellectual activity, because Ukraine has received only elements of the state of the former Soviet Union. Formation of legal protection of intellectual property rights held in three stages, which laid the legal basis for creating basic organizational structure to international and national protection in this area. 2. The term "product" in national legislation not disclosed. In civil law, there are many definitions of the term, because due to their work as the subject of copyright, considered to be a set of ideas, thoughts and images that are a result of human creativity were expressed in objective (material) form. This definition posluhovuyemosya in the field of intellectual property. 3. Pursuant to Article 1 of the Law of Ukraine "On Copyright and suzhni rights" office work is made under the employment agreement or contract and otherwise exclusive rights belong only to the author and the continued use of the product requires different conditions are required by law. Consequently, intellectual property can be a tool for the teacher in teaching activities and arms against him. Following the rule of law, protection from trouble.

51-54

Authors: Yu. E. Yavors`kyj

The formulation of the problem. In modern conditions humanitarian training of Ukrainian engineering staff ensures the formation of a fully developed personality, awareness of the place in society, the definition of reasonable attitude to basic ontological problems of mankind. For this, among other things, it is necessary to answer the question of correlation (antagonism) of culture and civilization, which since the nineteenth century has occupied a prominent place in the Ukrainian public opinion, particularly in historiosophical views of P. Kulish. The analysis of recent research. At present the available scientific researches of P. Kulish’s creativity [1; 2; 3] have mostly literary character, the consideration of his social and historical views is made in them without system. The purpose of the article is to analyze the socio–historical views of P. Kulish in mutual influence of scientific and technological civilization and spiritual culture, to evaluate the possibility of using the theoretical heritage of outstanding Ukrainian philosopher to identify the ways of modernizing humanitarian training of engineers. The conclusions. Thus, even in the nineteenth century Panteleimon Kulish put in his usual sharp journalistic form the questions of the relation between scientific and technological civilization and "natural state", between the technical and economic progress and the desire to preserve the natural and cultural environment, which today have become extreme urgency and relevance. A positive solution of these issues is impossible without a radical change in the ideological orientation of professional training engineers as engine and instrument of science and technology.

54-57

Authors: M. G. Skladanovs'ka

Recently it was published a project of Concept of Education of Ukraine for the period 2015–2025 years to discuss the educational community and the public. As defined in the project throughout the period of independent Ukraine in the education sector of the country accumulated numerous problems systemic. To ensure education as a foundation for sustainable development requires systemic education reform, which should be the subject of public consensus. Top priority in the reform of higher education acquire new pedagogical models and technologies, methods and teaching aids that have a shape future professional competence as subject of the concept of sustainable development. The most important are the ability and the need to acquire new knowledge, independent learning activity, the ability to analyze unusual situations and based on this analysis, the acquired knowledge by working in a team of professionals make informed decisions and take responsibility for their consequences. The value of the individual, his interests — a dominant priorities of modern education, organization, content and innovative research. So, along with the effective management of the system of education, new educational technologies, the introduction of interactive teaching methods, implementation of competence approach to training young professionals is the most urgent task of the academic community today.

4-7

Authors: V. I. Bolshakov, B. Volchuk, Yu. Dubrov

To date the problem of acute operative quality evaluation of mechanical properties of metal castings, in particular of rolls. Analysis of standard methods for determining the mechanical properties, including methods of NDT, quantitative metallography analysis of mathematical models based mainly on statistical data showed that these methods are relatively expensive and often produce results that diverge from the requirements of the guests. This is due to the fact that to realize the most obvious, a deterministic approach used to evaluate the mechanical properties of the rolls, based on the analysis of causal connections and relationships, it is not possible, because the technology of production of rolls is a multiparameter and multicriterion. Consequently, the quality of the metal exerts a substantial influence a large number of technological parameters (chemical composition, alloying elements, cooling conditions, spreads thickness, shape, casting process, and other parameters) affecting the formation of the structure, highly interconnected. Even a slight change of some of them significantly alter the properties of the metal in a relatively wide range. The task of identifying the desired product quality is further complicated by the fact that the physical nature certain quality criteria tend to contradict each other, i.e., improving one criterion, we often worsens the other — for example, strength, ductility, toughness, brittleness, and others. Most of the criteria that characterize the performance and efficiency of technology identified acceptable, relatively small intervals, providing a relatively small effect on the magnitude of these criteria. This is probably based on the fact that the developers of the process in an effort to sustain it, as far as possible in one's chosen field of technological parameters, numerical values of the restricted criteria that characterize its performance and efficiency. The area where these criteria are minimum contradict each other, we call the area of compromise quality criteria. «Just between opposites may be a compromise». Given the foregoing, the development and research of a method for determining the area of compromise quality criteria multicriteria technologies is an actual scientific and practical problems of modern materials. This approach will allow the adjustment of the mechanical properties of metal products during their production. Experience has shown that in practice, this approach is particularly useful when foresight chemical composition of the product and its mechanical properties in a production environment.

16-28

Authors: G. P. Evseeva, Yu. Tyutereva, D. Karachentsev, A. Koval

Problem statement. The problems of socio–economic and socio–political situation of Ukrainian society nowadays called the urgent need to determine the position of representatives of the state and the individual on patriotic attitude to their homeland. That is why the national patriotic education today is important. Fatherland requires each of us not only love, but much of social action. Remember the famous saying of US President John Kennedy: «Ask not what America has done for you, ask what you have done for America». This social action, in which reveals our attitude to our homeland, generate, create an image «of the country». Among the domestic needs of the service to the Fatherland should be highlighted active citizenship, which is formed through the understanding of personality, that from «me and my actions» depends everything that happens in society; love for your people, proud for your nation and your country in which you live. It is no coincidence patriotism sometimes interpreted as unity with your people. History, cultural traditions, become then true symbols of homeland, i.e. objects of pride for the citizens of the state, region, city, etc. It is in this course, the students of our academy, under the slogan declared by leaders of our region «Dnepropetrovsk — European city» proposed a new project of local historical accompaniment of transport routes of the city. Turning to the state and the European experience, it should be noted that in contrast to European cities, where almost every more or less popular town has local historical accompaniment of transport routes, cities of Ukraine, even as popular among tourists as Lviv, Kyiv, Odesa, not have such support. So in this sense Dnipropetrovsk can and should become a pioneer in this very important matter — patriotic education of citizens of the city by respect and love of local history. The analysis of recent research. On the history of our city, especially its architecture, says a lot. Among the important intelligence note are the works of M. Kavun [5–7; 11; 13] V. Bolshakov [1] E. Borodin [2] B. Bratanich [3] V. Moroz [16] T. Nyedosyekinoyi [12] and others. Scientists and researchers, journalists and public figures are gathering information about the history of our hometown [9–10; 15; 17–18]. Conclusions. An important factor in the formation of dweller’s national identity, particularly young ones are studying local history, which is closely connected with the history of the country. This is the most important part of education of today's youth. From the study of local history begins high awareness of the concepts of «Fatherland», «patriotism» and so on. Native region — is a «little homeland», which represents an area on which each person begins its adult life and form their own worldview, historical knowledge of the region in which you live, has always played a crucial role in shaping national identity. Specific dates, events, people, of which actually consists local history has always been of high interest, always influenced the way people think, especially when they could to «touch» and verify them. Therefore, the study of the history of native city in a readily accessible form — through audio commentary on public transport will encourage young people to respect their homeland, theirselfs and their future.

32-35

Authors: V. Yegorova, O. Panchenko

Problem statement. Daubed house during centuries was traditional dwelling in central and eastern parts of Ukraine. Such type of buildings became popular today for use as village cottages, tourist houses, restaurants and even decorative construcions. They give comfort and unique atmosphere that is differ from any contemporary dwelling. Modern daubed house, that is constructed with apllication of new technologies, has modern design, which connect the spirit of the past and utilityof the present time. The analysis of recent research. The research of the ukrainian houses' building, especialy of the features of houses’ regional types, carried out outstanding scientists and etnographers. On of them is A. Danylyuk, who made important contribution to development of ethnography [1]. In our time it appears more and more yong scientists of architectural heritage which offer application of innovations. In particular, new works on thechnology of house building. Research objective. To analyse main tradions of house building in steppe region, to discover the features of technologies of houses’ building up and to point out the types of buildings which are popular in modern building industry. Conclusions. Most popular types of buildings in steppe region were Daubed house and adobe house during centuries. In time the details of building technologies have changed, but the materials stayed invariable. Because of natural oigin the material used in construction of such houses have the unique operational, economic and ecological attributes. Such building are true discovery for destroyed eastern regions in conditions of economical crisis and bad ecological situation.

38-47

Authors: V. Babenko, A. Zyuzya

The peculiarities of Katerynoslav building–up in ХVIII–ХIХ centuries comparing to the cities of Pravoberezhzhya, Livoberezhzhzya, Slobozhanschina, existing in Ukraine in the end of the ХVII century laid in totally new principles of urban planning determined with the architecture of classicism, which were realized in building–up of new cities of the South of Russia. Katerynoslav building–up was carried out according to the concept of the «open city» as the integral city–planning formation of line type with a clear system of linear and lateral streets with a number of rectangular squares. Originality of architectural environment of Katerynoslav in the middle ХІХ century was marked with rationalism, eclectic and romantic tendencies and, on the other hand, specific esthetic parameters of architecture which obtained the general name of the «brick style of Katerynoslav».

53-56

Authors: A. V. Kolesnik, A. Kyrychenko, M. Ivanchenko

Problem statement. Historical development of Dnipropetrovsk region took place over a period of several centuries. Here the certain type of culture was formed that reflected on family life and on samples of material culture. World view of the inhabitants of our region uncovers in decorative art that was used in family life and was remarkable in different regions of Ukraine. The research of house's building traditions and design of the interior in Dnipropetrovsk region homes as a part of culture is topical question for definition of the place of this traditions in Ukrainian history. The analysis of recent research. Culture and family life of inhabitants of Dnipropetrovsk region was the subject of inquiry of scientists. As an part and parcel of the ethnography of the Ukrainian population it was concerned by V. I. Naulko, A. P. Ponomar'ov. On the features of house's building pointed out ethnographer A. G. Danyl'uk. Decorative art in Prydniprovsk region as a part of Ukrainian art was discovered by B. A. Antonovych, R. V. Zaharchyuk–Chyughai, M. B. Stankevych. Research objective. To research artistic and decorative design of the interior in Ukrainian houses in Dnipropetrovsk region and its connection with spiritual life of society. Conclusions. The development of artistic and decorative design of the interior in Ukrainian houses in Dnipropetrovsk region took place side by side with art of other regions that is fixed in a lot of common features. But it is worth to mark some features peculiar only to Dnipropetrovsk region that indicates world view of its inhabitants: horizontal lines in design as wall–paintings, multicolored flower ornaments in artistic and decorative design of the interior.

59-64

Authors: N. Hr. Omelyan-Skyrta, D. Proviz, R. Chydnivets

Statement of the problem. Getting acquainted with the architecture of the city, architecture students watching neglect of historical buildings. The reason — lack of attention to preserve the historical architectural heritage of Dnepropetrovsk, and as a consequence — loss of buildings. This leads to disruption of the integrity of the composition of the city. The aim of the paper is explore the historical significance of the building and its architectural features in the context of the architectural heritage of Dnepropetrovsk. Conclusions. Unfortunately, the unique building has long been without serious attention and repair. Year after year the building became even more neglected, crumbling plaster of the walls, fragments of stucco fell off in a pickle balconies and sculptures estate. The saddest thing is that in recent years, even in load–bearing walls of the building cracks. Today life STI clinic resettled. It seems that the city authorities finally realized that the building is urgently needed repair. House surrounded by ribbons, reminiscent of the reconstruction. But while repairs are not even rozpochynalysya, and who knows when they will be found funds. While there is only hope that contemporary nineteenth century still be restored and will certainly become an architectural adornment of our city. Architecture and urban planning are an integral part of the holistic development of Ukrainian culture at all stages of social and spiritual development. No wonder they say that people who do not know and do not respect their history has no future. Given the current situation, it is necessary to stop further deterioration of the building in order to preserve the unique historic and architectural urban environment. This is possible by introducing effective emergency measures provided state support.