Yearbook of the Faculty of Education

12-20

Authors: Tiha Atanasova Delcheva

An actual problem of higher education is the formation of students' mental readiness for pedagogical activity in the context of their individual characteristics and potential opportunities. Attitude is a mental state of readiness for a certain activity, it is the psychological content of the interaction between the student's need for pedagogical activity and the objective educational situation, a prerequisite for the emergence of his or her readiness for activity with a certain orientation. There is a dialectical unity between stability and changeability in the state of attitude, which explains the individuality of the individual student, the non-repeating forms of their mental organization as a certain way of an ordered system of his or her behavior. A connecting link is between the motivational and target substructures of the activity, on the one hand, and the operational one, on the other. The development of the professional attitude of the students is realized through the principle of unity between the individual characteristics of the personality and the specificity of the pedagogical activity. The necessary conditions for this are: an actual need of the subject at a given moment and an objective situation for its satisfaction; position taken by the person, which expresses their attitude to a given line of behavior, to the tasks before them, and selective mobilization for their implementation. This requires: continuous active pedagogical activity of students in an immediate educational environment; ensuring the mastery of its operational, organizational, psychological and socio-moral aspect; stimulating the development of social motives and attitudes; the preparation for it should be on a reflexive basis, so that it is personally significant for them; the formation of important qualities such as organization, responsibility, resourcefulness, patience. The development of the attitude towards pedagogical activity begins with building a general attitude towards it as a complete expression of the student's personality and ends with an attitude towards self-management of one's own pedagogical activity.

35-50

Authors: Lyubka Krasteva Aleksieva, Iliana Hristova Mirtschewa

Early STEM education has a great potential to support children's development in building their knowledge, in designing, discussing and testing ideas and finding solutions to different problems. Teachers have an essential role in the STEM process, but this role is shifted from the traditional leading role to a supportive facilitating role. In order to extend learning beyond the classroom and create positive experiences for children, a key factor is the involvement of parents in this process. Parent involvement could be seriously influenced by the knowledge, attitudes and practices of preschool teachers, and therefore their exploration is very important. It could help for planning and designing more effective training for preschool teachers both during their academic preparation and within qualification courses. Accordingly, this paper presents the results of a study with preschool teachers within the framework of the Erasmus+ European multilateral project "STEM for preschool children and their parents" (PARENTSTEM) (2018-2021). The primary goal of this project was to increase parental involvement in preschool STEM education, focusing on families of lower socioeconomic status. Implementation of project’s objectives aimed to expand the conceptual and pedagogical knowledge of preschool teachers in STEM through conducting various teacher trainings and developing intellectual products. This study attempts to identify teachers' prior knowledge, awareness and attitudes towards the conceptualization and pedagogy of STEM with parental involvement, and to discover the relative influence of the project activities on them. The results of the study demonstrate the need for preschool teacher trainings in the area of parent involvement in STEM, and outline the main points that should be considered in the construction of STEM courses designed for preschool teachers.

57-69

Authors: Darina Kostadinova Mavrodieva-Kyuchukova, Irina Stoeva Vladimirova, Ilonka Hristova Stoyanova

The aim of innovation in education is to enable students to improve their educational performance, their motivation to learn, their participation in school life and to develop their creative thinking, different competences and emotional intelligence. The report presents a model of innovative pedagogical practice, implemented through project-based learning, used in an interdisciplinary religion lesson on the topic "Monasteries in Bulgaria". The practice was realized with students from the IV a class of the "Panayot Volov" Primary School, Varna, studying under an innovative school curriculum under the project "Design and Creativity" and attending the school "Orthodox Christian Values and Traditions" at the Municipal Children's Complex - Varna. The paper focuses on the advantages of the project method, on the inter-subject links in religious education, on the integration of non-formal religious education and formal school education, and especially on the technology of implementation of the approbated practice. It is concluded that the applied innovative practice is effective, successful and sustainable. It enhances the cognitive and motivational efficiency of the students, helps to carry out a comprehensive and in-depth study of the topic, and the project developed by the students "Monasteries in Bulgaria" testifies to their information and technological literacy, analyticity (critical thinking), creativity and innovation, communication and teamwork skills.

77-85

Authors: Borislava Ilieva Ivanova

The integration and meaningful application of digital tools in early childhood education is one of the pressing innovative issues of our time. The article provides a brief analysis of a conceptual framework for the integration and assessment of the impact of technology on teaching and learning (SAMR), enabling pedagogues to become familiar with the methods of integration of digital technologies and tools in the teaching process. Some of the existing digital educational tools are structured and characterized in terms of functions and possibilities for creating innovative educational design in kindergarten.

95-103

Authors: Iveta Yordanova Bonova, Eleonora Mihaylova Mileva

One of the current problems of human society is how to improve the quality of life of the younger generation. Solving this issue is the subject of multidisciplinary research, which involves obtaining of a wide range of results in addition to more criteria for evaluating the quality of life. The purpose of the study was to determine whether there are differences in the quality of life between school children involved in sports and those who are not engaged in any sports. The study included a total of 50 secondary school children (25 athletics players and 25 who do not practice any sports) from different urban schools, with a mean age of 15 years, and a mean BMI of 18.8 kg/m2. The athletes had an average sports experience of 3 and a half years, while the other group of children were not involved in sports that required physical exertion. All participants were tested by using the WHO index for the quality of life. The athletes also performed functional tests to assess their sports performance. The quality of life index test revealed that there was no difference in the results for the individual parameters. The running test showed a statistical significance for the criteria that are responsible for the aerobic fitness and the health status of the children who are involved in sports.

112-118

Authors: Tsveta Dimitrova Traykova

A number of studies show that a certain correlation between the functional and structural characteristics of the organism exist as the structural ones play some role in the development and improvement of better physical fitness. The purpose of the study was to establish the dynamics in the character and level of the relationship between the motor abilities and the anthropometric parameter “height“ of 6/7-year-olds over a period of one school year. Methodology: theoretical analysis, pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, statistical methods. A total of 121 boys and girls were tested twice at the beginning and the end of the school year. Results: The initial study found a moderate correlation between the height and grip strength of both hands and the explosive strength of the upper extremities. In the final testing, a significant correlation was established between the height and grip strength of the right hand and a moderate one between the height and grip strength of the left hand, static back strength and the explosive strength of the upper extremities. The influence of height on the other motor abilities examined is weak and statistically unsignificant.

130-141

Authors: Rumyana Kirilova Ivanova

The data presented in this study define the quantitative evaluation of the indicator „security” in the playing technique for the discipline „Women-single”. The forced and unforced errors made by 5 Bulgarian badminton players during matches of state championships were determined. The data were recorded for 15 game indicators (strokes), divided into three groups: „attacking”, „neutral”, „defensive” and the elements „service”, „receiving”. For the set goal and tasks the following methods were applied: the research - study of specialized information sources; method of direct and indirect observation (recording-registration of game activity). The following mathematical-statistical methods were applied: analysis of variance, alternative analysis. The effect of the applied author's methodology on the improvement of attacking style of play, in particular - minimization of unforced errors by the female athletes studied in a pilot study was investigated. The results revealed a decrease in errors made in the „attacking” group from 40% to 32% at the end of the study; in the group of „neutral” strokes the female athletes made approximately the same percentage of errors: 27% and 28% in the second observation. The percentage of recorded inaccuracies for the „defensive” strokes group increased, from 33% in the initial data to 40% in the final measurement. The report reveals in detail the dynamics of the indicator „security” in the technique of the basic strokes in badminton, distributed by groups for the discipline „Women – single”, the results are of practical value for the work of sports educators.

155-163

Authors: Krasimira Dimcheva Uzunova

The text below shows some aspects of "difference" according to school subject National studies and Surrounding world in 1. and 2. grade. In the beginning are defined the boundaries of "difference" – who are "we" and "the others", when this problem was first analysed, what are the sources used in this article. The first paragraph is based on the problem in 1st grade, and the second one is based on the 2nd grade. At the end the conclusions are shown.

171-184

Authors: Teodora Georgieva Ilieva

The concept of ‘blood’ is polysemantic. It is a fundamental concept in the linguistic and cultural spectrum of the Slavic and Balkan peoples and a motivator for the emergence of various stable word combinations. The article discusses real (full) phrasems and non-real (non-full) phraseological units with root component ‘blood’ (which forms 29 microsemantic cores), excerpted from Bulgarian Language, Russian Language and the official Language of Republic of North Macedonia phraseological dictionaries and media texts. A comparison is made between the phrases in the two languages, highlighting the common Slavic uses and differences, the specific expressions (direct, metaphorical and metonymic use of ‘blood’), which are the linguistic picture of each ethnic phenotype. Phraseologisms are analysed and categorized on several grounds: degree of desemantization of the constituent components – phraseological combinations, phraseological units, phraseological adhesions (fusions); grammatical structure (bi-element: V + S, A + N, Pr + S; three-element: V + A + S, V + P + S, S + pr + S, V + Adv + S; poly-element: V + pr + S + Pron, V + S + pr + S, V + S + pr + Pron, etc.); stylistic field of use.

195-206

Authors: Lyubka Mihaylova Atanasova

This article is dedicated to the educational function of children's television channels. The aim of the study is to examine the opinion of parents about the educational elements in children's television channels that affect children between the ages of three and six. The object of the study is children's television channels. The subject of the study is the educational functions of children's television channels. The survey used is closed and contains fifteen questions. The other four questions are general and clarifying. The participants in the study are parents of children visiting the kindergarten "Slance" in Radomir. The children are from different age groups. The article reflects the opinion of parents of children attending kindergarten. The children whose parents took part in the survey are between three and six years old. The article contains a detailed analysis of the accumulated empirical data from the survey. After analysing the survey, it was found that parents find more positive educational elements than negative ones in the most watched children's shows. The conducted survey and its analysis prove a direct connection between the content of children's cartoons and the formation of not a small part of the elements of the content of education.

214-226

Authors: Snezhanka Dobreva Georgieva

The article examines current issues of modern school management related to innovative practices for improving the competencies of pedagogical professionals. To ensure the quality of the educational process, the teacher must meet the needs and interests of students and parents in a changing and uncertain educational environment. In this context, the continuous development of teaching technologies, interpersonal competence and ways to support the personal development of students are essential for the preparation and self-reflection of pedagogical professionals. The role of the head of the modern educational institution is to organize learning in an organizational context and to create conditions for the development of innovative and creative opportunities of each teacher, applying innovative management thinking and monitoring the effectiveness of training. The article presents a survey among school principals, which addresses the two main aspects of organizational learning - internal institutional qualifications and external support for improving the competencies of pedagogical professionals. Analysed is the system of joint and individual learning created in schools, the motivation of teachers in this process, the frequency and type of qualifications and others, in the context of the head's vision for human development as a key to future competitive advantage of the institution. The findings of the study provide an opportunity for future development of the ability of pedagogical professionals to solve educational problems and in a team with the head to think globally for higher efficiency and quality of the learning process.

249-260

Authors: Diana Veskova Petkova

The organization and management of musical activities in a digitized educational environment is based on technological solutions that preserve the structure of cultural interaction. It aims to form the necessary competencies in future pre-school and primary educators for the realization of pedagogical interaction in music education in the kindergarten and primary school degree. Compensatory mechanisms for the preparation of musical performing activities are considered. The potential of specialized music programs and digital resources for carrying out a quality educational process under the discipline „Methodology of the education in music at the kindergarden and pre-school“ in the Faculty of Education of Trakia University

266-274

Authors: Elvira Todorova Mateva

The study of the creative creation of any work of art is connected with a deeper understanding and conscious interpretation of it. Discovering answers that clarify the questions of when, where, why and how are an important stage in learning about the authentic essence of the work. By exploring the historical details of the creative process delves into the deeper layers of the intimate psychological world of the creator. This development synthesizes the historically existing information about the process of creation of the vocal cycle "Songs and Dances of Death" by M. Mussorgsky, one of the emblematic works built on the medieval stylistics of "Danse macabre".

11-16

Authors: Tania Ivanova Borisova

The article examines the challenges facing the management of the Faculty of Pedagogy in an epidemic situation. The difficulties and new decisions made in times of change and in critical situations are analyzed. Different roles of the Dean and the Dean's leadership in dealing with the problems have been traced. The principles of behavior and teamwork in the past two years are presented.

28-50

Authors: Dimitrina Ivanova Branekova, Stoyanka Banova Todorova

The combination of face-to-face learning with distance learning in the electronic environment turned out to be the only alternative for the implementation of a learning process in today's dynamic everyday life and in the conditions of a global pandemic. The technologicalization of the information society in combination with appropriate educational technologies form a new toolkit and effective means and methods for learning in a digital educational environment. This environment allows for the development of electronic types of distance learning, commonly referred to as e-learning, which depending on the specifics of the selected technology exists under different forms and names: computer-based learning, internet-based learning, web-based learning, online learning, virtual learning, mobile learning (m-learning), and ubiquitous learning (u-learning). The main focus of the article is the results of a theoretical study of the various electronic forms and resources in the teaching of natural sciences at the initial stage of the basic educational degree. The presented results are a stage of pedagogical research of models of distance learning in an electronic environment in the conditions of primary school.

60-68

Authors: Galena Todorova Terzieva

The regulatory documents in Bulgaria related to inclusive education in the field of motor learning focus on the participation of children without and with special needs in cooperation games. Preschool's and primary teachers face the problem of being a party in the implementation of inclusive physical education. This indicates that they have the appropriate competencies. The purpose of the article is to identify the main difficulties experienced by students in the specialty "Preschool and primary school pedagogy" in their academic training in the direction of planning and conducting physical education games, which include children and students with physical disabilities, visual impairments, hearing impairments and mental retardation

82-113

Authors: Diyana Paskaleva Georgieva

The article is devoted to empirical determination of the positive effects of sensory-based interventions on the types of aggressive behavior in children, in whose clinical picture there are more than one developmental disorders. The sample included 9 children (7 boys and 2 girls) aged 4 to 6 years, trained in specialized structures for educational support. The data obtained before and after the use of sensory-integrative technology reflected the frequency of negative behavioral reactions in 4 categories: verbal aggression, aggression towards things, self-aggression, physical aggression towards others. The results of the control experiment showed a strong downward trend in terms of negative behavioral expression in the studied domains after the application of a sensoryintegrative therapy.

131-145

Authors: Tiha Atanasova Delcheva

The formation of professional reflection in students of pedagogy is related to the effectiveness of their pedagogical realization. On the basis of the concept of "cooperation of activity" and the related "reflexive outcome" of the time of action (Shchedrovitsky, 1974), psychological mechanisms of reflection are analyzed. When meeting a barrier and the impossibility to carry out a specific activity, the subject of the student is provoked to realize new ones according to changing conditions. The need for reflective analysis arises. Through a system of learning reflexive tasks, students repeatedly perform both partial and complete reflective analysis. They are exercised in practical mastery of mental logical operations - definition, concretization, reformulation, classification, evidence, argumentation, comparison / differentiation, identification / abstraction, generalization, formulation of hypotheses and others. In this way, students are taught to assess, according to the acquired theoretical knowledge, whether the relevant knowledge, actions, operations, means, methods were appropriate or not, and to look for new ones more adequate to the changed situation. Six main components (stages) of the psychological mechanisms of the reflexive process are determined: 1) reflexive outcome; 2) intensity; 3) initial categorization; 4) construction of the system of reflexive means; 5) schematization of reflective content; 6) objectification of reflexive description (Tyutkov, 1987). They contradict subsequently and can be purposefully formed and developed in students in the form of the last units during their preparation. This can be the basis for a technological form of training for reflection in the case of students-future pedagogues. The analysis of the psychological mechanism for the formation of professional reflection creates an opportunity to design such a system of student education in which reflection is accepted not only as an approach to learning, but also as a subject of its purposeful formation.

162-185

Authors: Teodora Georgieva Ilieva

The paper examines lexical neologisms with a foreign language component (fix, prefixoid, radixoid), excerpted from Bulgarian media texts in the last 10 years. The new words are presented in 9 groups according to their wordformation. They are analysed in morphological, semantic, spelling and distributive terms. The origin of the motivating foreign basis is indicated and hybrid internationalisms are distinguished. The excerption of the lexemes complements the neologisms registered so far and may be useful in the lexicographic reflection of the language layer that has been most dynamically influenced by social, geopolitical and ethnopsychological factors.

11-43

Authors: Mariya Slavova Teneva

The study presents the problems of vocational training and the continuing qualification of Bulgarian teachers. Higher education institutions preparing pedagogical staff need effective interaction and evaluation of their activities by the users of the educational services, such as kindergarten and school directors.The article presents the results of an empirical study conducted with 50 kindergarten and school principals from 8 regions in the Republic of Bulgaria. The object of the study is the managerial reflection on the quality of the training of the newly appointed teachers. The subject of the study is the possibilities for improving their professional qualification. The results indicate that principals are partially satisfied with the quality of the theoretical and practical training of the teachers they hire. To the greatest extent they stimulate the enhancement of the professional competence of the teaching staff by financing their participation in continuing education courses.

60-86

Authors: Desislava Ilcheva Siderova

The present study considers the sound-letter analysis of the word as a representative procedure in the formation of linguistic the methodological competence of students with professional qualification “primary teacher”. The aim is to derive an appropriate algorithm for the application of this type of analysis in university education in accordance with the current curriculum at the initial stage of basic education. The study included 309 students at Trakia University – Stara Zagora. Through testing with a criterion-oriented test and the subsequent application of descriptive statistics, the typical difficulties in mastering the sound-letter analysis of the word in the perspective of students’ success in the cognitive field of phonetics of modern Bulgarian language are considered. On the basis of the conducted research an algorithm is offered for carrying out the sound-letter analysis of the word according to the derived priorities in the linguistic-methodical preparation of the students in view of their future professional realization as teachers.

102-116

Authors: Tsveta Apostolova Delcheva

The article presents the organization and implementation of the training practice and pre-graduation training for Social Pedagogy students at the Trakia University in Stara Zagora. The state of emergency declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic imposed the research, development and implementation of new forms of training that were never before employed for educating the future specialists. It also defines new problems in the organization, tracking, and assessment of the training and demonstrates solutions that include the active participation of all representatives – academic tutors, mentors from the institutions, students from both forms of education (full-time and part-time). The article presents the results from an on-line survey, carried out among the students and draws conclusions about the effectiveness of the alternative organization of the training. The author also shares ideas about the inclusion of new elements in the organization an implementation of the practical training of future students.

142-153

Authors: Ivanka Nikolaeva Shivacheva-Pineda

The article focuses on several main points. First of all, it is health as a concept, as a phenomenon in our lives. The second focus is the health education. The third focus is the situation of the pandemic, in which the whole world has been since the beginning of 2020 and its impact on the health education and health culture, both for children and for the elderly people. An analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health education process has been made. The possible conclusions and lessons from the difficult situation and as a consequence – results in the health education of adolescents and the health culture of adults were sought. The created complex circumstances in the life of people in the conditions of emergency and quarantine, which are a barrier for the health education of children and the healthy lifestyle of adults, are also analysed. Options have been sought for overcoming them and consolidating healthy habits in children.

162-175

Authors: Galena Todorova Terzieva

The aim of the study is to analyze the attitudes and self-efficacy of current and future preschool and primary teachers for the inclusion of children with various disabilities in general physical education classes. This article presents the results related to children with visual impairments. The study covers a contingent of 723 people – 240 preschool teachers, 143 primary teachers and 340 students graduating in “Preschool and primary school pedagogy”. The main method of research is the questionnaire. Participants filled in modified and adapted versions of two questionnaires: “Attitudes toward Teaching Individuals with Physical Disabilities in Physical Education – ATIPDPE” by Kudlachek and “Self-Efficacy Scale for Physical Education of Teacher Education Majors toward Inclusion – SE-PETE-D” by Blok. The results show that the respondents have relatively positive inclusive attitudes and are rather confident in their ability to include a child with a visual impairment in inclusive physical education.

201-209

Authors: Maria Petrova Temnikova

The development of knowledge, skills and competences related to values and their measuring units represents an important part of the overall education in mathematics for primary school students in Grades 1-4. The research studies different theoretical concepts related to the competences and the approaches in the primary school education. Based on the analysis of the respective legislation the researcher presents interconnections between the specific mathematical competences and the term “mass” from the competency cluster “Measurement”. The newly developed methodology system of work for learning the term “Mass” is applied during both the mandatory and the additional mathematics classes in Grades 1-4. Different approaches for education are simultaneously applied but priority is given to the system-acting approach with the idea to achieve unification between the act of teaching and the control of the cognitive and practical productive activities of the students. As a result of applying the newly developed methodology system of work the students actively participate in the pedagogy interrelations and co-operation with the rest of the students, they have the opportunity to express their own intellectual and emotional potential. When the students make mistakes, during the practical individual, team and group activities they get the opportunity to correct these mistakes and to develop their own logical thinking.

220-228

Authors: Plamen Penev Penev

The text is a synthesized literary-historical touch, introducing into the nature of one of the most contributing contemporary Bulgarian poets. Which is a humanism-apology of the human and the complete man, and the poetic language in the books for children and for the “adults” is two sides of the indivisible creative development. With the lyrical subject of the “big world” the real entry into the poetic essence, reached in the children’s books, is prepared. And what cannot be called by the voice of the “big man” is already possible by the voice of the “child/ characteristic of the child.” There the achieved peace was achieved, the existential, tragic loss was overcome. The ideological and aesthetic creative integrity has been achieved simultaneously with the rounded double-headedness of this dualistic lyrical duet.

10-21

Authors: Ivanka Nikolaeva Shivacheva-Pineda

The article presents an analysis of the grounds of parents and professional educators in the existing dispute between them over their responsibilities regarding the upbringing of children. For years, there has been controversy and mutual accusations in the public space between two of the leading factors in the upbringing of children - parents and teachers. In the scientific literature, such discussion is lacking because of the clarity and explicitness in theoretical conceptions. However, it makes sense to analyse the grounds of the two parties who are the main participants (or should be) in the practical realization of children’s upbringing. This article is an attempt to focus attention on the opportunities, responsibilities and limitations on the upbringing of children in the family and at school.

56-62

Authors: Zhanna B.Iztleuova

The article discusses the concept and the role of Information and Communication Technology in the primary schools of Kazakhstan in the process of teaching a foreign language. The article describes a number of advantages of using information technologies and their effectiveness during the foreign language lessons, both for primary school pupils and a foreign language teacher. The article also touches on the innovative concept of multilingual education, which deserves no less important attention in the modern educational system of Kazakhstan.

106-116

Authors: Galena Todorova Terzieva

The regulation of inclusive education in the Republic of Bulgaria places new requirements on the professional competence of teachers. Physical education is an integral part of the educational process of children with special educational needs. In this context, the report analyzes trends in the teacher's professional competence for adapted physical education in different countries.

131-140

Authors: Sharban M. Maigeldiyeva

In the article, the integrative approach to teaching different languages is presented as a strategic direction in the professional training of philology students. The author proposes a method of teaching diverse languages developed by her based on the use of an integrative approach to learning, integrating the knowledge of native and non-native languages.

8-31

Authors: Mariya Slavova Teneva

The study presents the tendencies in the preparation and qualification of the modern Bulgarian teacher. The idea of a competent approach in the process of professional training of the pedagogical specialists in the higher school is revealed. An emphasis has been put on synchronizing the training of Bulgarian teachers with common European documents concerning the realization of the ideas for permanent training, the formation of key competences, training aimed at realizing smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. The regulations for acquiring the professional qualification “teacher” after the democratic changes in Bulgaria are analyzed. An analysis of the last ordinance regulating the status and professional development of teachers, directors and other pedagogical specialists is made.

46-56

Authors: Tzveta Apostolova Delcheva

The article analyzes the organization of the seminar classes in the discipline “History of Pedagogy and Bulgarian Education” at the Faculty of Education, Trakia University, Stara Zagora. It describes the mechanism for the selection of appropriate interactive techniques and methods for the seminar classes, which is required by the changed profile of today’s student, as well as the profile of a group of students in a given specialty. A working model for group work in “History of Pedagogy and Bulgarian Education” is presented.

67-74

Authors: Rumyana Ilcheva Neminska

The quality of tertiary education is one of the main objectives of the common European space. As an element of quality, the development of innovative teaching methodologies in higher education is perceived. That is why innovative practices, student-centered training and their results remain a priority in the process of higher education. It is precisely this that, in procedural terms, requires higher education to have an adaptive research character, so that teaching methods create the conditions for the development of students’ research skills. This perspective is the core of this report. It outlines the adaptive nature of interactive methods and their research characteristics. In the contemporary reading of interactive learning two main trends are considered - the scientific theoretical enrichment and the content-technological extension of the notion of interactivity. In the theoretical perspective, interactive education in higher education is seen as a pedagogical model that encourages students to be an active part of the learning interaction. In this sense, interactive methods are understood as integrative complexes in which a dialogueoriented research environment for the development of scientific and research potential is constructed. The interactive methodological complex organizes such academic learning environment, which is permanently dynamic, research-focused, creative and effective. The grading of this interactive methodological complex consists in the fact that the students use the methodical supports, but they build their scientific theoretical links so that they mutually develop their cognitive, emotional and other type of potential. In content - technology terms, the concept is explored through action - oriented and interdisciplinary approaches. The methodical interactive complex is also built on simulation-based pedagogical training. It has designed a learning environment in which students can make mistakes, exercise and explore the cognitive space, apply various ideas several times to achieve the most satisfactory and pedagogically acceptable result. The research technology in the methodical interactive learning model is constructed in three stages: community work, assessment reflection and a self-reflection questionnaire. In the three technological stages, the student enters different roles: constructor, evaluator, personal reflection. In each of the stages, the research feature enables influence on a particular element of the model so as to enhance/slow down, postpone/ hurry an action, result or process. The research features of interactive learning relate to self-reflection at several levels: - teaching; - learning; - constructs of pedagogical communication, - assessment/self-assessment. The application of a research interactive learning model enhances the research culture of the students and the level of their personal and professional communication.

89-103

Authors: Zlatka Dimitrova Zhelyazkova

The main objective of modern language learning is to improve the communicative competence of the learners. The striving for enhancing the effectiveness of language learning aims to ensure that each student, besides basic training (acqiusition of the taught vocabulary, correct pronunciation, spelling, etc.), also has access to information, skills to select, systemize, use and understand its application. The use of communicative strategies in studying the new language puts learners in an active position, encourages them to engage in productive learning, to form cognitive, communicative and social skills, and above all to be active participants in the process od learning which is characterized mainly by interaction, collaboration and use of a variety of techniques to facilitate the perception and acquisition of the studied content. The modern teacher faces the necessity to constantly seek new modern and innovative training and teaching methods which are interesting and meet the linguistic needs of the learners, to provide them with the conditions and equip them with the means for independence and advancement, achieved on the basis of already acquired knowledge and learning strategies.

116-135

Authors: Marian Georgiev Delchev

The complexity of the components of the complex cartographic literacy and subject-oriented methodological professional competence, as well as the process of their formation, requires the use of specific diagnostic tools and parametric and nonparametric methods and techniques for quantitative and qualitative analysis. The subject of this paper is the model of the processing of data from the study, the main results found during the experimental work and their statistical and qualitative analysis.