Pedagogical Almanac

12-20

Authors: Veselina Petrova

The author dedicates the article to an important anniversary – 200 years since the birth of the teacher Ivan Nikolov Momchilov (1819–1869). He is among the most highly educated Bulgarians. He had encyclopedic knowledge as well as native-language and foreign-language gifting. He writes and speaks Bulgarian, Turkish, Greek, Latin, German, Russian. His merits to the development of Slavicism are exceptional. Historical contributions of Momchilov to the Bulgarian education are also in use in present-day professional and practical training of students in pedagogical specialties. The young reformer created the first Bulgarian class school in Elena in 1843. It replaces the mutual learning method with a class-less system. He distributes pupils by class, creates a curriculum, introduces courses, conducts weekly lessons. He also furnishes the classrooms with desks, teacher’s table, blackboard. Momchilov equips the yard of the school with facilities for physical education. Following his ideas pupils organize themselves and obey the requirements of the chief duty teacher and his assistants – students on duty. He forbids corporal punishment and implements a humane, democratic approach in the relationship between teachers and pupils. He strengthens the psychological atmosphere: every class starts and ends with a bell; there is a break between classes; after the end of the classes, students leave school in order; supervisors monitor the behaviour of each student; students show their respect to Elena’s citizens and are obliged to congratulate others. Ivan Momchilov and Nikola Mihaylovski, the first Bulgarian scholar who defended a doctorate in Moscow, founded the first Bulgarian higher education institution for teachers – Elena Daskalolivnica. Teacher Momchilov has written textbooks and teaching aids on Bulgarian language, history, geography, arithmetic and others. He has created a generation of educated Bulgarians and talented Bulgarian teachers. Ivan Momchilov’s pupils founded Bulgarian schools in many towns and villages. They set the foundations of the school network on the Bulgarian lands.

41-48

Authors: Daniela Yordanova

The article presents possibilities for studying fiction text in 1.– 4. grade through groups of interactive methods: for games and presentations, for collecting information, situational, for generation and creative aggregation of ideas, for discussions. These methods are directed to develop cognitive reading and understanding skills, oriented to search and extract specific information; to make direct statements; to interpretate and aggregate facts and ideas; to analyze and evaluate the content, language and structure of the text. I support the understanding that every kind of understanding in reading fiction text has its own manifestations associated with both genre differentiation and general genre elements such as theme, idea, story, composition, problems, literary hero, artistic language.

54-63

Authors: Ivanka Georgieva Mincheva

The concept of numeric expression is a basic one in teaching mathematics. It is introduced and assimilated in primary school. This concept is a component of many other concepts and problems in school course of mathematics. That is why discussing and analyzing the process of understanding and assimilating the notion of numeric expression is of great importance both to the teachers and pupils. The present study focuses on some key activities and groups of problems aiming at mastering pupils’ abilities to solve various mathematical problems, to overcome some difficulties and prevent from making mistakes in finding the ways of solving different problems and doing so to enrich their knowledge in mathematics.

71-91

Authors: Milena Aleksieva, Danail Kirov

he training and competition activity determines the requirements for the mental adaptation in the specific type of sport related to the person’s ability for dynamic self-regulation. The purpose of this survey is to explore and compare the ego-orientation and the collective orientation of basketball players and its main task is to outline the differences in orientation among participants in 3 x 3 Basketball tournaments and professional basketball players. The object of the study is the basketball game. The subject of the study is the signs characterizing ego-orientation and collective orientation in basketball players. Contingent of the study are 45 participants in 3 x 3 Basketball tournaments and 46 competitors from professional basketball clubs from Yambol BC – Yambol, Shoumen – Shoumen and Beroe – St. Zagora, BC Lokomotiv – St. Zagora Based on this study are defined the profiles of the basketball players 3x3 and the professional players 5x5, as well as defining their characteristics.

97-102

Authors: Mariana Borukova, Yavor Asparuhov

The continuous young basketball players’ sports preparation undergoes several stages, featuring their own specific methodological and organizational characteristics. Young players’ development is related to the dynamics of training influences and their planning in the course of sports preparation. Each stage of sports preparation requires a proper distribution of the number of hours aimed at development of motor qualities (general and special), of technical and tactical skills and habits, as well as play preparation (the play during training, control and calendar games). Their distribution is subjected to certain regularities such as age, stage of preparation, qualification of the players. The aim of the present study is to survey the opinion of sports specialists in the field of basketball about planning the training process and the proportion of the different parts of the preparation when working with young basketball players. The results were processed with analysis of frequencies. According to the general conclusions drawn, in the majority of the responses the coaches’ opinions coincide. There are certain dubieties and differences regarding their knowledge about the percentage distribution and proportion of the different parts of the sports preparation during each stage. However, we believe that every coach’s responses were based on the age group they are working with and this is the reason for the differences in the obtained results.

118-122

Authors: Marina Teofilova

The city as a dynamic and multi-layered image of our immersive cultural and social environment, with all the flaws and problems of modern society, has the advantage to form and educate today. It is a truism that the referent environment of friendly circles largely dictates the behavior and tastes of the new generation, and this impact is difficult to be resisted by the family and institutions. And the circle of peers, thanks to its new, readily available technology and communication channels, has expanded monstrously, surpassing all limitations, including geographical and moral ones. The virtual Internet space and the new technologies have completely replaced the real space, schoolyard, street and park bench. Doesn’t the City as a continually growing, living organism reconcile in its dichotomous flesh the contradictions of past and future, of ugly and beautiful, of what we define as a historical and cultural heritage and art and what we condemn as subculture and kitsch?

129-131

Authors: Veselina Petrova

The author presents a round table on the topic: “Play and Communicate”. It shares some highlights. The department of Pre-School Pedagogy annually holds this scientific forum on March 6 – the World Day of Speech Therapy. Students from all the “Pre-school Pedagogy and Speech Therapy” degree courses present their scientific achievements. Students, lecturers, and basic speech therapists discuss important issues in oral speech development at pre-school age.

135-137

Authors: Editorial board

Authors in this issue (in English )

119–124

Authors: Veselina Petrova

The editor-in-chief presents the Pedagogical almanac journal aiming the development of pedagogical science as well as pedagogical practice. The original idea of the former editor-in-chief – prof. dr. Marin Liuliushev and the editorial board for establishing an official scientific edition of the Faculty of Education at “St. Cyril and St. Methodius” University of Veliko Tarnovo in 1993 is submitted. The achievements of the editorial boards and authors until 2018 are outlined. The emphasis is laid on the work completed as follows: two board have been built – International Editorial Board and Board of Anonymous and Independent Reviewers; the technology of double “blind” reviewing has been applied; young authors have been motivated and encouraged to publish actively original works; the cooperation between scientists from different generations over the world has been stimulated; the “author – reader” and “reader – author” communication has been perfected. The contribution of the Pedagogical almanac journal for increasing the quality of teaching process, qualification and postgraduate education of students and school teachers is promoted.

130–136

Authors: Stefania Belomazheva-Dimitrova; Dimitar Dimitrov

An important condition for the proper development and strengthening of human health is the satisfaction of body’s needs of movements. Movements impact the ability of the body to resist against adverse effects of the environment. Sports activities strengthen the body by improving the functions of the various organs and systems that respond to the increased ability of all motor activities. Data from numerous studies indicate increasing frequency of immobility among children and young people, which is a disturbing fact. This provokes our interest to explore the problem of motor activity and the interest in sport of 11–12-year-old Bulgarian pupils. The purpose of the study is to research the motor activity habits of 11–12-year-old Bulgarian pupils and their interest in sports activities.

144–151

Authors: Natalia Machynska; Maria Oliynyk; Inna Perepeliuk

The article contains a theoretical analysis of the study of the preparation of a student. Magistracy is the first stage of future teachers’ vocational and pedagogical training of higher education institutions. The magistracy study is considered a prerequisite for professional formation and future teacher development, since the main goal is to develop teaching readiness. The process of becoming a future education specialist at the master’s level requires the management system to adhere to strategic directions, the use of modern means, methods and training models.

157–165

Authors: Liudmyla Tymchuk

The paper highlights the general state of adult education in Ukraine, reviews the current normative and legal documents that are tangible to the industry functioning. The positive tendency of the state policy creation in the field of adult education was distinguished. The progressive role of the new Law in Ukraine “On Education” in 2017 was emphasized, in which the adults’ education status as an independent branch of education was first legally determined. The article mentions the work started on the creation of a special sectoral law on adult education. The problem urgency about the adults personnel training was substantiated, it was stated there is no special training of such professionals in Ukraine and in fact there is no common name for such profession (Ukrainian researchers use different concepts e.g. specialist for adult education, specialist in the area of adult education, adult educator, andragog; practitioners use a facilitator, consultant, coach, coach-manager). The attention is focused on specific activities that take place on the way to the adult education professionalization. The joint Ukrainian-German project “On the way to the introduction of the scientific branch “Adult Education and Postgraduate Education in Ukraine” content is revealed. The concept development of specialization “Adult education and postgraduate education” in higher educational institutions of Ukraine” is carried out in 2017-2018 by scientists from the Institute of Pedagogical Education and Adult Education of the National Academy of Pedagogical Sciences of Ukraine, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, and the University of Augsburg (Germany). The training of specialists for adult education in the higher educational institution started in the framework of the project was announced. The importance of studying and analyzing the European practice of adult education professionalization for the purpose of training the relevant personnel in Ukraine is proved.

172–178

Authors: Galina Fesun; Tatiana Kanivetz

At the present stage of the development of society the problem of the syndrome of emotional burnout of teachers is particularly relevant, since the stress is manifested especially in pedagogical activities, due to its saturation with such stressors as: responsibility for the development of the younger generation, active interpersonal interaction, increased emotional tension, inadequate social assessment, etc. One of the worst consequences of longterm professional stress is the “burnout” syndrome. This raises the need to consider hidden mechanisms of professional activity that can lead to the fact that professionals cease to cope with their responsibilities, lose their creative mood over the subject and product of their work.

184–188

Authors: Dimitar Dimov

Although, the pulse rate is the most commonly used method as an indicator of functional pressure and pressure level, its overall tracking (throughout the physical experience) has been facilitated in recent years by the introduction of new technologies. It is they that give us the ability to trace this indicator at any moment of an exercise or from a concrete moment in the match, even in real time. For the purpose of our study, we tracked the pulse rate frequency dynamics in control games. From the data obtained, we chose three exercises that have a higher pressure level but are close to the tension of a real game conditions. These exercises have their constructive functional effect. Under these conditions we wanted to track what is the pulse rate frequency dynamics, what is the average pulse, and the maximum, we have also taken into account the break intervals during the games.

196–202

Authors: Radoslav Nikolov

Using the questionnaire method, a survey was conducted on the opinion of the students from the “D. A. Tsenov “participating in the basketball classes on: their attitude to the game; their assessment of the classes and the role of the lecturer at the higher school; about the state of the material and technical base; and their views on the control criteria. The aim of the study is an opportunity to build a holistic view of the popularity and development of basketball game among high school students. Several statistical methods were used to process the survey results: graphical and tabular methods and methods for weak scale dependency analysis based on a square criterion. Based on the study, basketball has been proven to be an important place in the physical education system, not only as a discipline in the high school, but also as a type of sport practiced by students, and in extra time in the form of basketball 3х3.

208–212

Authors: Vasil Vasilev; Miroslava Petkova

Badminton is one of the sports that puts the physical and mental body to a greater extent on those who practice it. It features a wealth of diverse movements. This leads to the need for an early start of the training process and the development of an appropriate training program for mastering and improving the technique of the main elements of the game by young athletes. By mastering tactical skills and habits, this sport assists the harmonious development of the body, the formation of a proper body posture and the improvement of general health. Practitioners also build moral, aesthetic, and psychic qualities such as consciousness, teamwork, motivation, concentration, emotional control and self-control. The game at any moment requires a creative solution to any new situation. Therefore, the development and improvement of physical qualities and mental processes are an extremely important part of the training process in adolescent beggining.

220–225

Authors: Edmond Bicoku

Children with special abilities despite the efforts made to integrate into the education system in our country are still not fully integrated. This phenomenon is noticed with the small number of these children in ordinary schools. This study aims at analyzing the current situation in the inclusion of children with special needs at the course of physical education while analyzing the factors that affect them. Focus will be on implementing the model of inclusion of children with special needs in ordinary schools by listing all the issues so that the situation improves. We have referred to secondary data on literature review as well as primary data extracted from data processing obtained from structured questionnaire by open and closed questions to teachers and parents with special abilities.

231–235

Authors: Editorial board

Авторите на броя

11–23

Authors: Stoyanka Lazarova; Lachezar Lazarov

The interactive whiteboard is a new generation learning tool. It helps teachers to diversify the methods of teaching, to reach maximum visualization of the learning process, to use their own electronic teaching aids, to actively influence the learning content, to involve the students in an active cognitive process. In this paper we offer pedagogical directions and guides for working with an interactive whiteboard in education. In order to be successful in the application of this method teachers not only have to acquire technical skills to work with the interactive white board, but also to effectively connect the gained experience with the pedagogical theory.

37–42

Authors: Rositsa Penkova

The article deals with the problem of accepting the game culture as a basic feature of the new pedagogical culture and its importance for the professional preparation of the future teachers. A short review of the educational documents based on the issue is done. The use of the educational theater as a methodological device in Bulgarian language and literature education is important for the professional training of future teachers in the formation of cultural competences. That is why it is necessary to create teaching techniques that are tailored to the needs of both pedagogical and theatrical interaction. The theatrical forms of interpretation of an artistic work are widely represented in the State Educational Requirements and in the curricula of Bulgarian language and literature. The aim of this study is to reveal the possibilities of the educational theater to form cultural competences necessary for the pedagogical activity of future teachers. The application of the educational theater as a method of learning leads to the formation of cultural competences through which the future pedagogue discovers and values the creativity and talent of each child. Students have been taught to form game-focused culture in order to overcome the fear of appearing in the audience, to improve communication skills, to develop vocal-speaking and plastic skills and to build aesthetic criteria for theater arts.

49–54

Authors: Edmond Biçoku; Engjëll Spahiu

The professional preparation of the teacher and the techniques that the physical education teacher must master and implement in practice are the essence of a healthy development of students. This paper aims to present a complete picture of the teaching aspects and techniques used in schools in the Elbasan region today. One of the problems faced by the Albanian society today, and especially students, is obesity turning into one of the most troublesome problems of developing and emerging economies. Many of these countries are even thinking of treating a obese person as a person with disabilities. Given this fact, the focus of physical education teachers in the direction of obese children but also of children who have begun to have a passive life with the entry of personal (personal) mobiles for which they should not only increase their physical activity but also in the way of the education of a healthy life, remains primary and essential in today’s society and in the future. The research mode and the results obtained were made through questionnaires addressed to students in various schools in the Elbasan region. Students of different ages and gender have given their thoughts to spell out a complete picture about questions in the questionnaire. Based on the tables and graphs, a general conclusion for the study is given.At the end of the paper, recommendations are made to reach a more effective collaboration between teachers and students, as one of the main ways for the teaching process, some recommendations are given to teachers in order to develop various activities that promote a healthy living in society.

61–65

Authors: Lachezar Kocev; Lyudmil Petrov

The training effect of the application of a specially directed complex program with studentsbasketball players from UASG was established. A complex methodology is applied to reveal five key factors ensuring success in the preparation of the surveyed persons. The hierarchy of the five factors is: speed and speed-power capabilities; endurance; agility and rhythm; specific-sports; intensity of load. The results are focused on the elaboration of a specific program for development and improvement of basketball students throughout the annual training cycle.

77–81

Authors: Rositsa Dimkova; Radoslav Nikolov

Thе dеterminаtion of physical devеlopment is of interest in terms of information about the physical condition of students when they enter the university and their modification and development as a result of sports activities. Physical development is related to altering the еxternal shаpes аnd sizes of the bоdy - height, weight, chest circumference, etc. It is seen as a process of building and changing under the influence оf different conditions and factors throughout the individual’s life. Typical index methods and tests known in the art are used to characterize physical dеvelopmеnt. The purpose of the study: To analyze antropometric probes of students by physical index. Main tasks: 1. Determination of physical development through the Pine index and the Ketle and Guld (body mass index ITM); 2. Identify a statistically significant degree of dependence between indexes of physical development used. Methodic: Tests were used to provide information for the physical subjects of the persons surveyed: Conclusion: Pine’s indexes have given information because it is based on more anthropometric signs, but body mass index ITM has become more popular.

87–91

Authors: Romina Çela; Arnaldo Bicoku

Communication is the “vertebral column” of each person’s everyday life, represents the process by which information is exchanged and understood between two or more people. One of the most used and fastest ways of communicating in the everyday life is mobile communication. Increasing demand for human society to communicate at any time and anywhere has been given a new and powerful dimension of mobile phones by making it indivisible in our daily lives. Mobile communication technologies have evolved from analog to digital, and networks have passed through a number of generations from the first generation (1G) to the fourth generation (4G). Today, cellular communication is more complex, not only involving voice communication, but also text, images, graphics (graphics), animation, video, sound thanks to the applications and technologies that mobile companies offer. To concretize the current situation of coexistence of companies with respective users of different age groups, a questionnaire was developed over a two-month period, where were interviewed 50 persons of different age groups in the city of Elbasan. The aim is to obtain the necessary information on: the distribution of telephone companies, the amount spent by respondents over a month to recharge the phone as well as the most widespread way of communicating over the phone they use the most. The purpose of this topic is to give an overview of how mobile phones are used by people belonging to different age groups in the territory of Albania. It is also intended to point out the close connection of a phone with the user as a communication tool.

97–100

Authors: Veselina Petrova

On November 30, 2017, Prof. Dr. Marga Georgieva, responsible editor of the Pedagogical Almanac, left us in the period 2000 - 2003. In his position as Dean at the Faculty of Pedagogy at "St. St. Cyril and Methodius "she dedicated herself to the prestige of his official edition.

104–106

Authors: Editorial board

Authors in this issue (in English)

135–146

Authors: Stoyanka Georgieva-Lazarova; Lachezar Lazarov

The successful use of information and communication technology in education mainly depends on preparing the lesson in advance. The article addresses some psychological, didactical and informational characteristics related to the use of technology in the classroom, which are a vital knowledge for the contemporary teacher.

153–159

Authors: Slavka Petkova-Marchevkа

The article discusses a topic overlooked by pedagogues and poorly researched by Bulgarian folklorists. First of all, there is a clarification of the place of the mother’s lullabies in children’s folklore, their place and their functions in the traditional culture, according to the views of authors from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 21st century (ethno-musicologists and pedagogues). A new vision of the concepts of lullabies is presented. It clarifies the functions of these songs in traditional rural culture. Based on these analyses, a specific place and approaches are offered for introducing mothers’ songs into pre-school education.

165–180

Authors: Marta Nikolova

This study presents the structure of an approbation experimental model of an interactive didactic method for developing the language notions of in the second grade students. The model describes the opportunities of the interactive and information educational environment in the 21st century in the circumstances of the communicative oriented teaching.

187–198

Authors: Asen Atanasov

Trainings for beginners are the first stages, every person should go through. The goal of this study is substantiating the opportunity to improve the training in the physical education and sports discipline, in the form of organized and individual bodybuilding trainings, the basis of which is the circuit training consisting in strength exercises and outdoor aerobic training. The study shows that the beginner period is extremely suitable for the combination of aerobic running with strength training and results in improving the physical performance capacity of the students. Thus, all trainees will be better prepared for the subsequent more serious training stages of their development.

205–209

Authors: Arjan Hyka; Edmond Bicoku; Bledar Alterzi; Ali Mysliu; Musa Hajderi

A twelve weeks experimental training was carried out with the main focus on the improvement of the biomechanical running parameters and mainly speed during the training sessions in youth football players. The participants in this study were 28 young players aged 15.1 ± 0.3 years (control and experimental groups). We evaluated the speed (50m sprint running test, upright starting position) and the anthropometric parameters (weight and height) which were measured for both groups in the beginning (T1) and at the end (T2) of the experiment. The analysis of the results shows that there is a significant difference (p= 0.03) between the groups in the improvement of speed, which is in favor of the experimental group. The training of athletes should continue gradually and carefully, requiring sufficient time and attention, consistent with the main stages of childhood development.

215–219

Authors: Tatiana Buyanova

The article deals with the role of aesthetic feelings in the upbringing of a child, the importance of fine art for the emotional and aesthetic development of preschool children. The term “language of fine art” is defined, its features are revealed, accessible for perception to preschool children. The interrelation between the children’s mastering of artistic means of fine arts with the increase in the quality of emotional expressiveness of children’s drawings and, in general, with the development of children’s fine art is proved. It is noted that art can be regarded as a factor in the integration of a child into a cultural space.

225–236

Authors: Kalin Grozdev

The author examines the child’s mental health in the transition from compulsory pre-school to firstdegree compulsory education. He applies a complex methodology for studying natural child sensitivity and seeks its importance in acquiring knowledge, formation of ideas, educating basic skills for a healthy lifestyle in the family, kindergarten, school. Develops and recommends educational technology to strengthen the child’s mental health.

237–240

Authors: Editorial board

Authors in this issue (in English)

243–245

Authors: Editorial board

Formatting Requierements for the Materials in Pedagogical Almanac

11–36

Authors: Mariya Aleksieva; Diana Popova; Milen Filipov

The article presents the results of a national survey of the communication Bulgarian state educational institutions conduct with their communities. Bulgarian state educational institutions face a number of communication problems with their internal and external publics. This has a negative effect on the ability of a public educational institution to become the center of its community

42–48

Authors: Vanya Kilyovska

The study traces the latest changes in the Bulgarian educational system related to the development of intercultural competence in pre-school education. It outlines the basic aspects of pre-school intercultural education and the process of integration of children with different language, cultural, and ethnic background and religious affiliation.

62–68

Authors: Rositza Dimkova; Pedro Sequeira

Important trait of handball game is a collective character in the performance of gaming action. Like all other sports, handball evolving is also, based on achievements of science. The pursuit of innovations that are implemented in the game comes during competitions of greater significance. Presented article contributes to contemporary elucidation of the important problem of training and promoting physical activity in children, through certain methods and principles. Based on the basic concepts needed for good health, a theoretical analysis is carried to implement the possibilities of correct approaches for targeting educational interactions by means of sports activities. We defend the idea that it is necessary to delineate qualified media professional-sports educators who possess sufficient competence necessary for successful implementation for training minihandball game. The main objective of the training process is regular control of certain elements to achieve high sports results in the handball. To realize the goals and objectives of this process, we discuss in adequate manner very important methods and principles in minihandball game.

77–83

Authors: Krisztina Kovács; Alice Dombi

The study commences with the introduction of the major Hungarian and international tendencies of the integrated education of children with special educational needs, then it presents the results of an exploratorydevelopmental empiric research. The research investigates the attitude of the educators who participate in the mentor training at the University of Szeged. The study solely focuses on the education of children who have some kind of psychic disorder or mental disability. It does not discuss the question of educating ethnic, religious and cultural minorities. The methods applied in the examination of the attitude of the mentor students were based on the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The main methods were the observation, questionnairеs, written reports based on specified aspects, mind map and documentation of project tasks. The results of the research demonstrate the typical characteristics of the attitude of the mentor students, the mentoring roles and competences in terms of the integration.

93–101

Authors: Petya Marcheva-Yoshovska

Children’s visual system is immature and plastic and undergoes intensive development during childhood. The child receives 80,0% of the information about the world around through its sight. This age is the most important period for the development of the visual system that gradually builds up and reaches visual adult acuity at the age of seven. This report presents the results of a research of parents’ awareness about children’s eye health that involves 62 parents of children from Pleven. The opinions of respondents have been analyzed in terms of the problems of children ocular prophylaxis and imperative need for examination by a specialist – an ophthalmologist.

110–113

Authors: Editorial board

Authors in this issue (in Bulgarian)

118–120

Authors: Editorial board

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