The Russian academic journal

8-10

Authors: Natalia Levchenko

The main goal of the state housing policy is to develop mechanisms which improve housing availability for the various categories of population. Despite the measures which were taken, social-economic conditions of Russia continue to have negative impact on the work of municipal infrastructure. In modern conditions the indicators which reflect change of availability of housing for the population are of prime importance. Ignoring of the problems connected with the housing market promotes economic and social instability, decrease of the rates of economic growth, deterioration of economy structure, decrease of employment and standard of living of population. There is a high necessity to accelerate implementation of reform in a housing and municipal complex in order to solve these problems. Intensification of process of investment attraction to the market of housing and municipal services requires the implementation a complex of interconnected actions which are connected with determination of objective system of tariffs forming. In addition, there is the need to restructure the debts of enterprises and organizations of housing and communal services payments to the budget.

18-22

Authors: Nelli Saveleva

In article the model of information exchange of the appraisal center and certification of qualifications with participants of system of an assessment and certification of qualifications of the sphere of a recreation and sports tourism is developed. Information exchange of the appraisal center and certification of qualifications with all interested parties is presented. The description of information model includes allocation of entering and proceeding information streams, formation of information chains at interaction with all participants of information exchange. Work is performed within the state contract 06.081.11.0049 of 7.11.2013. “Development and approbation of model of the center of certification of professional qualifications and the expert and methodical center in the field of a recreation and sports tourism”

28-33

Authors: Aleksei Kobilev, Svetlana Tihonovskova, Olga Ivanchenko

Questions of formation and development of civil society in Russia every year takes on particular relevance. Non-profit organizations over the past few years become an influential factor in economic and social development. However, it should be noted that the potential of the Russian non-profit sec tor is not disclosed. One of the key factors of slower growth and development of civil society is the passivity and indifference of our citizens, as evidenced by the many case studies. Therefore, in our opinion, the main task of authorities on the development of civil society must be overcome existing stereotypes and historical development of civil initiatives by stimulating the activity of third sector organizations.

38-40

Authors: Aleksei Kobilev, Valerii Gurin

Defining and actual direction of scientific search are creation of mathematical models, information technologies which operate a sustainable development, providing social and economic stability. In modern conditions the special importance is gained by the technical and economic analysis which can give quantitative and qualitative estimates of occurring changes in operated object, to develop versions of the decisions, allowing to slow down development of negative tendencies and to create favorable conditions for development of the progressive. The solution of these problems at the Russian enterprises requires introduction of a technique of the marginal analysis, allowing to carry out an assessment and justification of administrativ e decisions in business at ne wer level.

43-51

Authors: Tatiana Anopchenko, Olga Kalashnikova

The contact center turned today into the irreplaceable business tool promoting increase of overall performance, optimization of customer service and to expansion of client base. If earlier contact centers were demanded generally by mobile operators and the organizations of financial sector (banks, insurance and investment companies), now their popularity grows and in such areas, as a fixed telephony, retail services, public sector. In the latter case existence of contact center allows to increase considerably level of service of the population, efficiency of carrying out this or that governmental program or an initiative. In article подымаются the questions connected with a today’s difficult economic situation when increase of level of loyalty of the client is one of the most important problems of any business, contact centers represent the effective tool for its decision. During crisis the management of the enterprises in increasing frequency addresses to such department as contact center as he allows to estimate correctly a market situation, to collect and analyze information necessary for adoption of important business solutions.

57-58

Authors: Viktor Belousov, Andrei Shevchenko

A favourable situation for growth of extremist moods still remains in modern Russia. This report deals with the main social problems which make possible such state of affairs. Lack of social lifts in the society, shortage of ways of legal personal self-fulfillment for young people, lack of due level of public morals are among the main drivers for growth of extremism. There are organizations, propagating extremism in one form or another actively working in this situation. Global advancement of the Internet promotes their activity effectively. The situation with extremism in Russia is also aggravated by critical labour migration streams.

62-63

Authors: Aleksandr Ponedelkov, Aleksandr Mikhailov

The report describes the main reasons for growing extremist moods in the society during specific point in time. According to the authors of the report, the main reason for growth of extremism at the moment are, first of all, events in Ukraine where under the likeness of struggle for democracy the atmosphere poisonous and cruelty is forming; secondly, artificial exaggeration the theme of religious extremism; thirdly, imbalance of outlooks in the society; fourthly, information wars which victims are users of information networks.

67-70

Authors: Ruslan Ovchiev

The article is devoted to analysis of state and prospects for development legislation in the sphere of national security, to identification the existing weaknesses and to looking for way for improvement. Noting a comprehensive nature of social relations in this sphere which are regulating by various branches of law there is a conclusion about certainty of contradictions, lacunas, overlapping of relevant provisions, their dynamism and instability. Non-existence of adequate systematization in this sphere of legislation makes a great obstacle for settling relevant problems. The problem of activization works in this direction becomes more and more urgent, and, in the author’s opinion, it can be settled by generation a legal package in the sphere of national security as a rather independent comprehensive branch of legislations

8-13

Authors: Victor Apryshchenko

The article deals with role of historical memory in the context of two referenda which have been held in 2014 — in Scotland on the 18th of September and in Catalonia on the 9th of November, although not recognised by the Spanish government. Both of them reflect the issue of how the imperial past influences current political debates about independence. In spite of the different political and cultural contexts, the two referenda have been deeply connected with history and memory and have exploited imperial settings to explain the ‘security choice’. This article argues that traumatic experience of transition between the imperial and national contexts has been the decisive factor in the process of securitization of memory. Although memory has been considered as a strategic recourse in the two regions, the way it has been utilized is different. The memory of the past was shifted from the sphere of politics to the sphere of security, and memory has been utilized as a means of securitization. Desecuritization of the national memory in the Scottish and the Catalan contexts is connected with its politicization as well as with placing it within the cultural context. British and Spanish imperial pasts have been sublimated in the form of cultural symbols and memories.

20-22

Authors: Olena Kaminska

The aim of the article is studying of the theoretical approaches to the Ukrainian economy and its regions modernization. In the article historical aspects of definition of concept of modernization, the main priorities of modernization of the Ukrainian economy are analyzed. Preconditions of modernization of the Ukrainian economy and its regions are defined. It is defined that the new mechanisms of modernization of economy of Ukraine shouldn’t be based on neoliberalism. Firstly, the real practice and consequences of neoliberalism are quite obvious. Secondly, neoliberalism was under construction round improbably stylized version of an Anglo-American way of development with which such details as steady factiousness in policy, high duties during start of modern economy, possession of the colonial empire or the colonized continent in case of the USA dropped out. All this needs to be considered, considering a question of today’s modernization. The conclusion is drawn that on character modernization has to be organic. In this case the probability to avoid bloody revolutions and command state mistakes increases. It is noted that the main sense of modernization of the Ukrainian economy will pass on its regional components at the level of which the main network and regional structures of innovative economy, first of all in the person of small business and which have opportunity to get effective support from the management institutes which will allow them to use the interbudgetary transfers, regional funds of compensations and separate powers of public authorities of regions of Ukraine are created. It will promote formation of regional space of the new multilevel economic relations.

26-31

Authors: Igor Ivanov, Vadim Volovoj

Article analyzes geopolitics of Kazakhstan, examines how it should look like in accordance with classic geopolitical theory and how it does look in practice, in particular in case of Kazakhstan membership in the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), which reflects Kazakh geostrategy in relations with Russia and China as the main factors of stability in Central Asia. Additional value of the article is that it is purely geopolitical while geopolitical method (theory) is usually misunderstood in the discipline of international relations, used rather freely often being confused with realistic paradigm. Also Central Asia as an object of analysis is not in the centre of global academic discourse and any additional study in the field of CA geopolitics broadens understanding of the external and internal political process in the region. The study showed that Kazakh geopolitics is predetermined to be continental, Heartland oriented, because Kazakhstan is located in the closest neighborhood of Russia and is a steppe land with the conservative identity totally different to the one of see powers. Therefore its geopolitical gravitation towards strategic alliance with Moscow is very strong and even more strengthened by its president Nursultan Nazarbayev as a consistent partisan of the Russian geopolitical theory called Eurasism. Kazakhstan membership in EEU, initially initiated by Nazarbayev, supports the idea that geopolitical union with Russia is the essence of Kazakh geostrategy. At the same time Kazakhstan has good relations with China, but they are of secondary importance for Astana in comparison to cooperation with Russia. SCO is a comfortable platform for Kazakhstan to find its place in geopolitical dialogue of Moscow and Beijing. The problem is that nobody knows how Kazakh foreign policy will look like after Nazarbayev leaves the office, but classic geopolitical theory says that geopolitical orientation of Kazakhstan will hardly change in the long run because its c onservative land identity is too strong.

35-38

Authors: Mykhailo Gedz

The purpose of the study is to develop suggestions to improve the government structural policies in the economic sphere. World experience shows that during the restructuring the role of government in regulating the economy is growing. Its high effectiveness in practice has been proven by the approach, according to which structural changes in the country should start from primary industries. Export revenues of those industries are specifically used for the modernization of industries following next in the technological chain, and the expansion of high-tech production. High and stable results were achieved in economic development of those countries, which pursued the policy of dosed liberalism. This enabled them to not only maintain the current level of domestic production, but also improve its international competitiveness according to the principles of dynamic (not static) comparative advantages. The current technologies in Ukrainian government and public administration are not effective and seem to be inappropriate. Result of comprehensive liberalization and loss of control over economy was the lack of a meaningful strategy during the transformation of the national economy. Accordingly, at the level of individual enterprises in the region there is no strategic vision of the problems. Thus, during the years of reform there emerged an objective conflict between strategic management (which is missing) and operational management. This point of view makes it impossible to answer the question, which of the many options offered by structural reform has a historical perspective, also this point of view contradicts to all experience about ways to get out of structural crisis. Studying the experience of implementation of structural change in many countries has shown that despite the theoretical recognition of monetarism as the primary and most effective means of resolving most of the economic problems, and despite the long and strong market traditions in most developed countries, during the period of structural changes and the formulation of targeted structural changes, the role of state becomes more significant, the government structural policy is actively used, the main objective of which is to accelerate the transition from recession of production to growth and improve national competitiveness at the global level. The main areas of mechanism of structural policy implementation in Ukraine should be: 1) optimization of sectoral and technological structure of the economy 2) providing progressive structural changes by means of organization of investment breakthrough. Only in terms of the investment boom by creating own innovative products and supporting demand for those products, there may be progressive structural changes. The efficient implementation of structural changes in the economy of Ukraine, which is a set of measures aimed at restoring the sphere of material production and diversification of the real economy sector, is not possible without deliberate government regulation. Methods: dialectical, Economics and Statistics, abstract and logical

43-45

Authors: Natalja Chorna

Ways of attainment of the competitiveness are different for each enterprise, but, at the same time, they have a mutual feature, i.e. an enterprise cannot become a competitive one without the implementation of strategic plans of its development. Despite the diversity of strategies enterprises frequently choose the strategy of external increase, which includes a type such as the vertical integration strategy. A purpose of the research is the determination of the main priorities of development of vertically integrated structures and the examination of the main directions of enhancement of their efficiency. The vertically integrated structures creating the complete technological cycle “production — processing — realization” is the most effective and adjusted to modern conditions of the market economy. The application of vertical integration enables to overcome the apartness of producers of raw materials and processing companies, trade and other companies, to eliminate the competition between producers and distributors of products of the same type. All of this is very important for the formation of the single price policy. Moreover, the application of vertical integration allows the optimization of prices and conditions of production and distribution of products, taking into consideration the application of damping policy regarding the foreign competitors. Due to the creation of vertically integrated structures a system of taxation of final products may be put in order. Simultaneously, the practice of double or triple taxation in the process of movement of products from suppliers of raw materials to processing and distribution companies is eliminated. The incentive reason of the vertical integration is, firstly, the savings in transactional costs related to, in particular, the preparation and drawing up a treaty. The decrease of transactional costs also occurs in the process of usage of highly specialized resources, since the market of these assets is factually monopolized, and a company-producer deals with the uncertainty regarding the timely delivery of such resources. The vertically integrated structures is an important element of the company development, which enables to significantly decrease costs for additional legal aspects of a commercial activity, to save resources, to enhance the quality of a finished product due to the deeper specialization of some treads of a structure, and to completely detect the economic potential of a state. The advantages of these integrations together with the incentive reasons of vertical integration create a synergic interconnection, which prevent disproportions of production and provide a maximally possible income under the high quality of products.

49-51

Authors: Yevhenii Kharlan

Goal of the study is to identify the trends and characteristics of the formation of food security in the territory of Ukraine. In the article the essential meaning of food security, described the key indicators which are offered which make advisable to assess the level of food security. Indicators of food security of Ukraine are determined according to the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of 05.12.2007 № 1379 “Some questions of food security,” which defined level of indicator sufficiency of food consumption, represented regions with the incision consumption of main types of food in 2012, made calculation the dependence on imports of food groups. The main factors that affect the state of the agro-industrial sector and the level of food security in Ukraine are determined. It is concluded that the Concept of food security should cover satisfaction the physiological needs of the population in a protected, multifunctional, high quality food products in accordance to the medical advice, environmental conditions and individual human condition.

56-59

Authors: Svetlana Savina

The article contains a study of the dependence of the enterprise on the competitiveness of its innovative activity. Experts highlight factors refraining the innovative development of production: the absence of financing (85.7%); high expenses (40.3%); considerable credit rates (38.7%); a significant economic risk (24.1%); problems concerning raw materials (29.2%); the imperfect legislative framework (31.5%). In Vinnytsia region there has been a tendency of the decrease of a general amount of innovative expenses of light industry companies during the last years. As a result of the innovative activity next structural forms may be highlighted: the reduction of transactional and operational costs; the re-projection and the expansion of the nomenclature of company products; the optimization of an organizational and managerial structure of a company; the creation of a quality system; the certification according to appropriate standards. The formation of innovation development mechanism of light industry companies contemplates the complex implementation of the topical achievements of science and techniques (innovations) in a production and managerial activity and should be based on such conceptual principles: — resource provision: the existence of an appropriate amount of material, labor, technical, applied, and infrastructural opportunities of companies for implementation of innovations and realization of system changes; — efficiency: the dynamic reduction of non-production costs, the increase of incomes of realization of products manufactured on the basis of new technologies; the expansion and strengthening rival positions of a company in a market; — balance: the existence of balanced system of the quantitative and qualitative estimation of a finance and economic activity and of the estimation of efficiency of innovation implementation and system changes; — controllability: the compliance of a factual state of an innovative process with a project one, which is planned after processes of the management system change; — coherence: the synchronization of implementation of innovative processes and technologies with essential organizational changes according to time, terms, and resources. Taking into consideration the done research the author may conclude that the provision of high competitiveness of a light industry company is possible in terms of the formation of effective management system of its innovation and investment development with account for all essential requirements and principles.

65-67

Authors: Natalja Zamkovaya

Current article is dedicated to the issues of racism as one of the most important factors of language-cultural discrimination. Basic ideas of postcolonial racism and the phenomenon of post-modernism in racism study have been analyzed. Foreign and Ukrainian scientists’ views upon the modern phenomenon of multiculturalism and its place in the modern philosophy have been evaluated. Natural-biological and theoretical characteristics of the category of “Differences”, including the total bellicose culture of relations between the “majority” and “minority”, have been scrutinized. In this article it has been studied that fixation of “racism” definite autonomy from “nationalism” gives possibility for creating the assumption of the “nationalism’s” probable existence without racism. Besides, the possibility of double identity within nationalism has been examined.

73-76

Authors: Hryhorii Melnychenko

The aim of the research is to identify the problems and peculiarities of implementation of environmental investment in Ukraine. The determinants of modern social development are presented in the article, the principles of modern strategies of social and economic development of the country are formed, the trends, which are reflected in modern structural macroeconomic dynamics and which have a significant influence on the development of investment processes are identified. It is also determined that the current state of environmental investments in Ukraine can be assessed as unsatisfactory. After a noticeable increase of environmental investments in the 80’s, it was a dramatic decline in the 90-ies of the XX century and this trend stayed in the new millennium. The part of environmental investments in the total structure of investments doesn’t exceed 1 %. The principles that reflect the system of values of the civilization of the XXI century, including environmental progress are disclosed, it is proved that the ecologization of the investment process is a complex task of the entire system of economic management, the principles of the state policy in the field of environmental investments are formed.

84

Authors: Alexey Fedorov

In the autumn of 2014 in the city of Rostov-na-Donu, under the auspices of the Rostov Scientific Elitological School, a milestone scientific e vent — international conference “Leader, Elite, Region” — took place. The editorial stuff of the Russian Academic Journal closely followed speeches of scientists and from dozens reports choose only a few which are able to give to the global scientific community, which takes interest in Russian elitology, a sight of line of elitological thought in regions on the South of Russia the North Caucasus to the fullest extent.

88-90

Authors: Yakov Plyays

These theses represent some thoughts and ideas cast by the analytical review of doctor’s and master’s theses on the elitological subjects of the recent two decades. As of now, elitology has not been well developed in Russia. Perhaps, the only full-fledged elitological school of thought is functioning in the city of Rostov-on-Don. Not all other centres and research groups engaged in this problematics are organised, active or independent enough. Meanwhile, modern Russia is in a desperate need of development of the theoretical basis and accumulation of practical knowledge in elitology. The first reason thereof is the pressing need to create political and administrative elite of a new-type, develop standards and criteria of belonging to an elite group and establish effective mechanisms of control of elite development processes by the society. Under the conditions of a transit society, a closed mechanism of vertically integrated elite development has proved to be ineffective. At the moment, country leaders are attempting to make the elite development process more open. At the same time, the elite of any transit society face permanent opposition from not only the counterelite but also the antielite. Under these conditions, coming of the antielite to power is a serious danger, while existence of the counterelite contributes to democratization and development of a civil society. In the Russian society, all these three forces have had their own configuration from the early 1990s and up to now, which is quite specific as compared with other countries. To have a firm grasp of this field and provide a competent conduct of an elite development policy, Russian authorities need a domestic theoretical elitological foundation based on the recent experience of Russia, concerned about its specificity and developed with account of national interests, first of all.

94-99

Authors: Alexander Ponedelkov, Alexander Starostin, Sergey Zmiyak

The submitted research is devoted to estimation requirements to a leadership component of political management in modern Russia generated as realized by experts and in popular consciousness. This paper presents and analyzes experts and public opinion poll findings in several regions of Russia. Following the results of survey the leadership and elite configuration, in the Russia of our modern age represented by a triad “President – Heads of territorial entities of the Russian Federation – municipal authorities”, is described. Analysis of desirable and available leadership style of representatives of the Russian establishment of different levels, criteria of selection of political leaders have been performed; stability of the modern Russian elite, its key positive and negative features in the eyes of expert community and in popular consciousness have been evaluated. Timeliness of this research is arising from changes in foreign policy status of Russia, extension of its political and economic clout, increase of its significance in the international stage. These positive trends not least result from leadership skills of the leader of the State and his team officials both at national and at regional levels. And the contest for the support or discrediting of the country’s leadership starting under these circumstances requires a thorough valuation of actual position of the leader and his environment in the context of the resource of their authority. Based on the research data, authors of the research note a linkage between rates of leadership and elite skills of Leader of the State and efficiency of political management.

8-10

Authors: Nataliya Dzyubanovska

Economic and mathematical model of credit management of commercial banks is developed. The model allows obtaining optimal strategies of variant calculations of this kind of banking services. The procedure of quantitative solution of this problem is substantiated to help to make optimal decisions in reference to allocation of assets.

15-17

Authors: Oksana Ostapa

The article highlights the labour force and market in Ukraine in 2003-2013. The author gives a comprehensive analysis of the current tendencies in Ukraine’s labour market and develops practical recommendations as to overcoming major disproportions and raising the demand for labour force.

21-25

Authors: Vitaliy Brezhnev

The article is dedicated to examining the framework analysis of the religious situation that are set by the Constitution of Russian Federation and the legislation of the country. The author suggests the construction of distinguishing religious situation that includes a number of positions, in particular: the structure and composition of regional religious community; the dynamics of the number of religious organisations; religious groups; the degree and kind of religious devoutness of the region’s population; situation in the religious unions, etc. The suggested approach is targeted at practical activity of the state bodies encouraged to provide the highest level of satisfaction of the population’s religious needs together with keeping rule of law, order, peace and consent. The religious situation in Rostov region of 2013-2014 examined in the article is supported by the present methodological construct and the empirical data.

30-33

Authors: Guler Kalay

In the second half of the twenties of the last century in the Republic of Turkey is a modernization of all structures on the basis of standardization. As a matter of principle Turkish nationalism was under the influence of the French and German nationalism. R.H. Abdulatipov defines that ethno-political conflict as a clash of differences and contradictions of interests, attitudes, especially in perception, interpretation and participation in socio-economic and political processes; their reflection in the field of ethnonational relations, use differences in this area to solve political problems. In Turkey, there are many ethnic groups and among them the most numerous are the Kurds. Ethno-political Kurdish rebellion has begun in the last century and was directed against the centralized State. Other countries provoked Kurdish issue as an ethno-political conflict, so the Turkish authorities believe that the Kurdish issue is an economic and social problem that can be solved with the help of reforms. Ethno-political conflict between Kurds and Turks continued during the Cold War. And at this time, radical nationalism became friendly with state nationalism on the basis of the struggle of communism and the Soviet Union after the collapse of the two movements separated again. The main requirement was to create Kurdish autonomy. Famous Turkish historian Kemal Karpat argues that the ethnic extant problems in Turkey in consequence of Turkish nationalism in the multicultural society. Other ethnopolitical conflict in Turkey is related to religion. Speaking of ethno-political conflicts, it should be noted that their base might lie on conflicts between religious sects of Islam. In particular, one of the conflicts is to confront Sunni and Alevi. Sunni is a recognized state religion in Turkey. That is why, from the perspective of Sunni, Alevi religion does not conform to Islam.

38-45

Authors: Alexandr Ponedelkov, Sergey Vorontsov

This article analyzes the assessment of status and approaches the study of contemporary regional political elites influencing the decision of the administrative, political and administrative decisions in transitional societies, suggestions to improve the process of modernizing elites, discussed a number of problematic transit of elitology: to create an effective talent pool at all levels of political and administration, the openness of elites at all levels, the organization full control over the government and management structures, compliance with the law. Objective: To study the perceptions about the activities of the federal and regional political elites, the study characteristics of the formation of the Russian federal and regional elites, ways to improve the state personnel policy, the interaction of the elites in the domestic socio-political space, to improve the transparency of government. Methodology: used historical and legal, formal-legal, structural and functional and analytical methods. Results: Materials of sociological research on «Modern regional elites», which involved respondents from the Republic of Adygea, Dagestan, Bashkortostan, Komi, the Chechen Republic, the Altai, Krasnodar, Stavropol, Kaliningrad, Kurgan, Rostov, Ryazan, and Chelyabinsk Chita regions. The basic assessment of the status and prospects of development of modern Russian elitology problems recruiting Russian federal and regional political elites, the interaction of the elites in the domestic socio-political space. Reflects perceptions about the regional political elites considered as an indicator that reflects the status of the internal security of the regions. The analysis of the criteria of elitism, determine a set of personal and professional qualities of the persons recruited into the elite. A convergence of opinions and experts and respondents of the public that the elite must meet four main criteria: professionalism, education, high morality and patriotism. In this case, the respondents took the professionalism much larger proportion than the experts. The experience of the modernization of the American political elite, ensured the American withdrawal from the protracted socio-economic crisis in the first half of the last century and experience reformatting the national elite of the Republic of Korea, which was able to bring the country out of a deep crisis in the postwar period. Discussion: Discussions of modern elitology, quoted in the article, were part of the First All-Russian elitological Congress of Russia: Current State and Prospects of Development», held in Rostov-on-Don, 7-8 October 2013. There were suggested that the main problems lied in the absence of Russian «new» elite, ready to take on new roles and manage «in a new way.» Reasoned thesis that in societies in transition, what continues to be a Russian, generally one can not speak of the elite. There are only certain conditions for its occurrence, the starting material or protoelite that does not fulfill its basic function, but only seeks to remain in power. In other words, the country has the political class, but there is no elite, because its content does not match the form. Noted a discrepancy between elitism, understood in the traditional sense of the concept, and the possession of real political power, which ultimately determines the low competence of a significant number of defendants who have fallen into the elite, bringing them into the elite layer of corruption mechanisms of activity, lack of motives for self-improvement. It was stated that in today’s Russia in individuals who do not have sufficient funds, social support and family relationships with superiors, the chance to break into the elite is almost zero. As a result, the authorities are in the «average» of the second and third echelons of the bureaucratic elite, from which creativity is pointless to wait. Novelty / originality / value: the article is original, has scientific value, since it is one of the first attempts to objectively assess the real state of the federal and regional political elites, to analyze the level of development of the domestic building materials of First All-Russian elitological Congress.

51-53

Authors: Nataliia Blahun

Organizing comprehensive educational institutions poses new challenges and has often entailed the changes of administrative structures and levels. The paper explores the interrelation between organization and management and explains the main underlying concepts in social management. The author analyzes the general principles of scientific organization of labor and argues that their implementation will raise the teaching standards at comprehensive educational institutions.

58-62

Authors: Tatyana Viatkina

The modern procedures of enterprises labour resources have been analyzed. The algorithm for calculation the enterprise performance potential efficiency ratio and assessment of the performance potential of the enterprise assessment based on quantitative and qualitative characteristics has been provided. The model for assessment the effectiveness of labour management of enterprise, branch or region subject to such factors as motivation, labour expenses, staff rotation and its qualifications has been proposed. The proposed model covers the assessment of effectiveness of labour management of enterprise, branch or region subject to baselines. Situation where all inequalities are meeting means that this strategy is implementing effectively. If otherwise, the company should take additional measures for to improve indexes specifying deployment of staff, its motivation, turnover, qualifications and labour expenses. Application of the considered provisions and concepts together with applied tools makes it possible to model elements of effective utilization of performance of potential of any agricultural enterprise. The proposed procedure for assessment of agricultural enterprises headcount analysis is applied one and can be used when developing a strategy for adequate assessment, looking for new ways to improve utilization of labour resources in agricultural sector.

15-22

Authors: Nailya Bagautdinova, Ilshat Gafurov, Aida Novenkova, Anna Svirina

There is a set of instruments of carrying out the regional policy, successfully applied in these or those countries during various periods of their economic development. In our opinion, one of instruments of the state strategy of regional development and regional policy, rational social and economic division into districts which can form a basis of administrative-territorial division and the tool of regional policy has to act. Discrepancy of administrative-territorial division to objective borders of social and economic areas at imperfection of the federal relations conducts to economic, political, international collisions and the state shocks. But this discrepancy isn’t an absolute obstacle to implementation of regional policy and can be easily overcome without direct change of administrative-territorial division with three main mechanisms of implementation of regional policy: selective support of regional development, program approach to implementation of the purposes of regional policy and the budgetary federalism. This article is devoted to key instruments of realization of the state strategy of regional development and regional policy of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation.

26-29

Authors: Andrey Blinov

The problem of «Moral economy» and it’s influence on the global economic crisis. Reveals the cause of the destruction morals Russian economy and loss sustainable economic development. Examples are confirming there terms. States that today nravsvenny climate in Russia not allow to create in Russia innovative economy not 2020, not 2050.

33-35

Authors: Vitaliy Voitsekhivsky

The modern conditions of transformational changes and reinforcement of local government mechanisms make actual the problem of forming an efficient regional investment policy. The policy should consider comprehensively the level of economic development and investment potential of regions. Today, therefore, the question of forming regions competitiveness is of great importance, as the opportunity to develop its competitiveness by investments attracting. Competitiveness is a complex phenomenon, which is characterized by the influence of many factors. Competitiveness estimation of the region will be incomplete without its investment opportunities evaluation. Goal of research is revealing the main problems of investment activity development in Ukraine that affect the investment potential of the regions. The article is devoted to the peculiarities of investment activity in Ukraine, especially to investment potential of the regions. Attention is focused on the problem of irregular regional growth in the country, which leads to differences in the investment potential of regions and is caused by different groups of factors. Active measures of investment activity are proposed. The ways of increasing the investment activity of Kyiv region are intersected with national interests. However, the regional advantages should be considered: proximity to the political center, developed transport infrastructure and border location. Today investment activities in Ukraine are improved but still measures for increasing investment attractiveness of the regions are not sufficient.

40-42

Authors: Aleksej Kobilev, Tatiana Ponomarenko

Current changes in an international situation cause need of achievement of such level of economic as security, which would guarantee internal stability, active participation in the international division of labor and at the same time national sovereignty. National interests of Russia form the main aspects of system of economic security and reflect the role both for society, and for the state as a whole. The stable economic environment allows economy to function effectively, increasing thereby not only well-being of nation, but also allows to develop to innovative technologies.

46-50

Authors: Julia Lskavyan, Alexey Fedorov

In this work as authors one of scenarios of development of the worldwide after transition to a post-capitalist state is considered for the present not received an extensive discussion in scientific community. In article the description of today’s economic space which is on the verge of disorder and uncertainty is given. The idea of formation of absolutely new world market with the network states in the conditions of globalization is reduced to a question of creation of the mechanism of implementation of the international payments. Authors of article see the future behind the cryptocurrencies, capable to provide requirements of already created post-capitalist society. In this regard the relations of the governments of various countries of the world to information innovation were analyzed, and also recommendations are stated to the government of Russia on introduction of virtual currencies in payment system. The article is published within a grant of Autonomous non-profit organization of higher education of the «Institute of Political and Mediametric Studies» («IPMS»)

54-56

Authors: Andrey Moiseenko

This article presents the main existing and potential competitive advantage Rostov agglomeration ensuring the socio-economic development and growth of living standards.

61-63

Authors: Vasilіy Prodan

In the scientific literature, there is no single interpretation of the term «financial mechanism.» Therefore, the definition of a financial mechanism serves the main purpose of our work. Raised in this article, the problem studied in the works of a number of domestic and foreign economists L. Braginsky, V. Bocharov, I. Grishina, T. Denisova, G. Eghiazarian, B. Efimova, I. Zhuravkova, V. Ivanitskogo, E. Elias, A. Cossack, V. Krasowski, M. Kreynin, E. Cups, E. Melnikova, E. Mikhailova, W. Mikkova, G. Nikitina, A. Pilipenko, I. Roisman, V. Rybin, V. Rozhkov, A. Hachaturina. This paper analyzes the theoretical approaches to the definition of financial and investment mechanism. Also examined the mechanism of formation and use savings of economic agents, and the structure of the mechanism of formation and use savings. Thus, we came to the conclusions that the consumption of household savings is organized through the financial mechanism and organizing consumer spending ( consumption mechanism ) . The magnitude of long-term investments that are resistant to fluctuations in world financial markets , depends on the investment activity of the population. Therefore, the concept of stimulation of investment activity in the economy is formulated based on the use of household savings . One important element of this concept is the formation and use of PPM savings of the population , since the value of sustainable, intensive investment flows depends on the efficiency of this mechanism.

68-73

Authors: Kateryna Svieshnikova

The article presents a critical assessment of the ongoing events in the Eurozone countries compared with the economies of other countries of the world. A complex analysis of the macroeconomic indicators of selected European countries, as well as the history of the crisis events development, starting with 2007. The recommendations for overcoming the crisis are given on that basis. The conclusion is done about the economic growth primacy, funded including state, not the hard spending cuts which the ECB imposes the so-called PIIGS-countries.

77-80

Authors: Dmytro Chubin

In modern conditions the processes of functioning and developing of economic systems at any level: national, regional or at a level of the main link of the economy depend on various factors such as the environment. The environment quality plays an increasingly important role as a factor for stable development of the society and ensures the competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy on the world market. Significant ecological diversification of the Ukraine’s territory and peculiarity of the social and economic processes in the regions, which in the historical, natural, social, economic relations are far from dissimilar, actualize the problem of regionally differentiated approaches to the management of ecological safety. In the same time, the low effectiveness of the state management mechanisms of sustainable environmental development of Ukraine causes the objective necessity to ensure the ecological and economic security of the country and its regions. That requires a corresponding theoretical basis, methodological approaches, scientific substantiation of directions and its implementation. It is really important to investigate the environmental management mechanisms in the region on the basis of three main activities directed on implementing the ecological safety concept — informational, administrative and economic. The management mechanisms of ecological security in the region were analyzed in the paper. The information, administrative and economic activities directed on implementing the environmental safety concept were considered. The solution of environmental safety problems of economic systems (national, regional, local levels) requires the introduction of a mechanism for environmental management. The formation of regional and national systems of ecological safety will ensure the correspondence of environmental management mechanisms with liabilities of Ukraine on multilateral environmental agreements. These agreements are an important tool for ensuring sustainable development of the state and support to the European system of ecological safety.

84-86

Authors: Vladlena Litovchenko

The article investigated the activities of international organizations in terms of their impact on the cultural heritage preservation in CIS countries. The author analyzes historical context of the formation of common international system for the protection of cultural heritage, as well as its current trends of development. Special attention is given to the non-governmental international organizations in the sphere of conservation and protection of cultural heritage. The major reasons of actualization of international cooperation for the conservation of cultural heritage in the context of globalization are shown. Thus, it can be argued that the experience of the functioning and development of the institutions and procedures of international cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage clearly shows a steady increase in the role and importance of this activity. Allocated trend is caused by two main reasons . First, the object of international cooperation in this area (meaning cultural relations and cultural heritage as an object of international protection and conservation ) as such requires a joint and consolidated efforts of many countries to build a coherent system of cultural heritage preservation . Moreover, quite often the objects of protection in this area constitute unconditional cultural and historical value , not only for this or that particular state or nation , but for all mankind. Second, the procedural aspect resolution of many issues in the field of cultural heritage is often associated with the direct interaction of two or more states, which makes it impossible to elimination or reduction of the international dimension of the activities for the protection of culture. While at the institutional level , there are two main forms of international cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage. On the one hand, it is the work of international (governmental ) organizations , and on the other , it is the work of international non-governmental (public) organizations. However, in modern conditions, in particular confirms that the experience of cultural heritage protection in the CIS member states , these two forms of international cooperation in the conservation of cultural heritage in no way be opposed to each other , since the objective trend of modernity is precisely the deepening of coordination between these two types of international organizations.

90-93

Authors: Zafar Javed

China is immediate neighbour of Central Asian States and has very long history of engagement with the region. A brief history of Chinese engagement is discussed in given paper. China is world largest economy and dependent of imported oil and gas form different part of world and this oil and gas supply is expensive and vulnerable because of various reasons, therefore China is focusing on Central Asia as this region has vast amount of hydrocarbons. Chinese policies and strategies to grab Central Asian oil and gas are also examined in given paper.

101-104

Authors: Veniamin Bashlachev

The article is devoted to working-out of new technique to measure demographic development of the macroregions. On this article are proposed new statistical exact indicators of demographical development. There are also provided some graphics of measure of geographical development since the late 19th century and also a forecast of the same measure till 2030 year. This article is completed for those, who are interested on demographical development of Russian Federation, other countries and regions.

109-113

Authors: Lyudmila Namruyeva

Language of kalmyk people, small ethnic group speaking one of the Mongolic Language buddhists living in the south of the Russian Federation, in the lower reaches of Volga, is under the threat of disappearance. The main reasons for the loss of its communicative functions are: 13-year-old Stalin’s deportation of the Kalmyk people (from 1943 till 1956), its geographical dispersion throughout the Siberian territory, elimination of the national classes after return home, the reduction or lack of motivation among the population in the study of the Kalmyk language. At the beginning of the 1990s processes of the ethno cultural revival began in the Republic, whose important direction was to raise the status of the Kalmyk language, its consolidation, along with Russian as a state language of the Republic of Kalmykia. This language policy gradually eliminates the effects of long-term use of deformation in the Kalmyk language, but it cannot overcome the effect of assimilation. Therefore realization of a sociolinguistic research whose primary purpose is to determine the real picture of the language competence of potential carriers of the Kalmyk language is necessary. Moreover, based on the analysis of the research the recommendations are developed that legislative, executive authorities of the republic require making effective decisions regarding the implementation of the language policy in the Republic. The article describes the results of massive polls, conducted in 2004, 2008, 2010, 2013 by Kalmyk Institute for Humanities Research, which allow us to consider what is the young people’s attitude towards problems of ethnic culture and preservation of the Kalmyk language. Poll results show that language competence of young Kalmyks has slightly increased. Students and post-graduate young people want to learn the language on their own, looking for new methods, ways for effective learning. This indicates that the system of reforming of the titular language has been built properly. The Republic has used various means since the beginning of 2010s to save the Kalmyk language, including the use of computer technologies and their application to native language lessons. Electronic textbooks, electronic versions of dictionaries, phrase, grammar, use of recordings of live speech have already been established. Consequently, young people, as a group, the most approximate to the information technology, successfully use in the process of mastering the Kalmyk language the most advanced technical means. To achieve these goals and the positive results of the activities implemented in the field of language, it is necessary to combine and coordinate the efforts of all social institutions - family, preschool, school, extracurricular and other educational institutions (university, college, etc.), labor collectives.