International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering

3

Authors: Manjhari Jain*, Akhilesh Waoo*, and P.S. Patheja*

ABSTRACT : In this paper the problem of congestion due to overload of links are solved with the new routing algorithm in multipath. Unlike traditional routing schemes that route all traffic along a single path, multipath routing strategies split the traffic among several paths in order to ease congestion. It has been widely recognized that multipath routing can be fundamentally more efficient than the traditional approach of routing along single path. It has been shown that using multipath to route messages between any source-destination pair of nodes (instead of using single path) balances the load more evenly throughout the network. Our aim is the compute a set of loop free paths in order to allow routers to share the load on several next hops depending on the current load measurement. Based on AOMDV protocol the proposed approach achieves this by finding reliable and secure paths for data packets before transmitting them. Since paths are verified for security and reliability at the beginning of data transmission, here probability of packet loss/delay misbehavior is minimum. With the help of this algorithm we can provide better environment from its old networking counterparts. This algorithm works when overload comes on links, and the overload is balanced by the alternate paths or by multi-paths. As a result the throughput is improved and the packet loss is reduced compared to single path system.

3

Authors: Dr. Amita Mahor* and Pooja Sharma*

soft switching DC-DC converter is here. Complete analysis for the boost converter is given and the results obtained for other DC/DC converters are reported. Soft switching commutation is achieved for all semiconductor devices and consequently the switching losses, ripple factor and electromagnetic interference (EMI) are considerably reduced and efficiency, voltage profile is improved. Both simulation and experimental results are presented.

4

Authors: Neeraj Mehta* and Nitika Vats Doohan**

ABSTRACT : Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of large no. of tiny devices having computing power and communication capabilities with very limited energy. As we know the energy is most crucial resource in WSNs. For enhancing and increasing the life time of a network the communication protocol must be designed with scalability and lack of energy resources in mind In the present Paper we are going to improve the energyefficiency of data-centric directed diffusion [4, 5] protocol by enhancing its interest diffusion and exploratory data messages mechanism. In interest diffusion phase sink just flood the interest in the whole network which result in energy inefficiency and reduce the battery power of sensors. For improving the flooding mechanism we divide the randomly deployed sensors of sensor network in different clusters and we propose a new algorithm for a cluster formation and cluster head selection and for exploratory data messages we reduce the number of exploratory messages on certain criteria by which we can achieve the energy efficiency.

4

Authors: P. Adhikari*, Milan Choubey* and Richa Singh*

ABSTRACT : The aim of this paper is to study the Position control of DC motor using Ziegler and Nichols and Genetic Algorithm. The proposed method compares two kinds of tuning methods. One is the controller design by the genetic algorithm, second is the controller design by the Ziegler and Nichols method. It was found that the proposed PID parameters adjustment by the genetic algorithm is better than the Ziegler & Nichols' method. This proposed method could be applied to the higher order system also.

4

Authors: Pallavi Asrodia* and Hemlata Patel*

ABSTRACT : With the development and popularization of network Technology, the management, maintenance and monitoring of network is Important to keep the network smooth and improve Economic efficiency. For this purpose packet sniffer is used. Packet sniffing is important in network monitoring to troubleshoot and to log network activities which will benefit both the network Software engineers and network administrators There are various packet sniffers are available in market by which we can perform packet sniffing. This paper focuses on the basics of packet sniffer; it's working Principle and various packets sniffing tools their working and their capabilities for network monitoring and analysis.

4

Authors: Nidhi Nigam*, Amit Saraf* and Chetan Nagar*

ABSTRACT : In this Paper a In wireless networks, security has become the prime factor of concern. The mobility of the nodes, in these so called Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETS), furthermore leads to a situation where it is very difficult to establish secure data transmission. Since the use of mobile equipments such as cellular phones or laptops is tremendously increasing and because of limited physical security, vulnerability to attacks, including an attack known as the wormhole attack, has become a challenging work. The wormhole attack is very powerful and preventing the attack has proven to be very difficult [3]. A strategic placement of the wormhole can result in a significant breakdown in communication across a wireless network. This addresses the aforementioned gap by providing a proper definition and categorization of wormhole attacks against MANET by introducing a new cooperative, clock synchronized technique based on Reference Broadcast System (RBS), and discussits effect on network performance. To improve network scalability and throughput, we propose the concept of thread for each and every node of MANET. So that our proposed scheme has three mechanisms namely, AODV (Ad hoc on demand distance vector protocol) for routing, Principle of RBS for threshold setting and ACK, for reliability of communication, are combined to detect and isolate wormhole attacks in ad hoc networks. That manages how the nodes are going to behave and which to route the packets insecured way.

4

Authors: Zaheeruddin, Shambhu Kumar Suman and N.K. Mittal

ABSTRACT : With the rapid development of information technology, internet has affect the people in all aspects such as public utilities, telecommunication, financial transaction and defense system, all depends on information technology and their security. The widespread deployment of new technologies had maximized the use of internet to a great extent. But at the same time, the potential attackers are success on discovering new ways to attack. Botnet is one of the most serious emerging threats and it refers to a number of compromised computers within a network. Malicious activities which are performed by a botnet are DDoS, spam, click fraud, phishing, identity theft, sniffing traffic, keylogging etc. DDoS attack can significantly degrade the performance of a network or can completely disconnect a machine to achieve resource overloading. The objective of this dissertation is dealing with DDoS attack. This work is dividing into three phase. In first phase, we are simulating a botnet environment. In second phase, we are performing UDP flooding of DDoS attack. In third we are applying queuing theory to overcome the DDoS attack.

5

Authors: Dr. Anubhuti Khare*, Manish Saxena** and Sonal Dixit**

ABSTRACT : In the mobile communication the network problem has been become a major problem due to this the mobile subscriber is feeling very uncomfortable with it and mobile service operators are also facing difficulties to sort out this problem. Here in this article we are concentrating on network problem inside the indoor premises because according to telecom survey 70% mobile calls are originating or terminating inside the indoor premises.

5

Authors: Ruchi Dubey, Amitesh Raikwar and Richa Tiwari

ABSTRACT : Performance enhancement of smart antennas versus their complexity for commercial wireless applications. The goal of the study presented in this paper is to investigate the performance improvement attainable using relatively simple smart antenna techniques when applied to the third-generation W-CDMA air interface. Methods to achieve this goal include fixed multi beam architectures with different beam selection algorithms (maximum power criterion, combined beams) or adaptive solutions driven by relatively simple direction finding algorithms. After comparing these methods against each other for several representative scenarios, some issues related to the sensitivity of these methods are also studied, (e.g., robustness to environment, mismatches originating from implementation limitations, etc.). Results indicate that overall, conventional beam forming seems to be the best choice in terms of balancing the performance and complexity requirements, in particular when the problem with interfering high-bit-rate W-CDMA 3g users is considered.

6

Authors: Ashish Rai*, Mukesh Pandey** and Prashant Baredar***

facing the difficult task how to solve the problem. One option is that go for new generating units with high efficiency, eco-friendly but this takes time and huge amount so to overcome this problem, it is realized that why not go for possible ways to maximize the efficiency of the existing power plants. To utilize the full available potential of existing plant equipments, it is not adequate to optimize components on an individual basis, rather it is necessary to take systematic approach and look at the complex interaction between the components and asses how best its potential is to be utilized. This paper gives the few ideas through which the available potential at every possible aspect to maximize the efficiency of the system. An increase in efficiency has an impact on the level of emissions a plant releases. Since less fuel is required to generate a given kWh, fewer emissions are released for that given kWh.

7

Authors: Amit Shrivastava Manisha Dubey and Yogendra Kumar

ABSTRACT : Power system stability has received a great deal of attention over the year. Stability is now a major concern in planning and operating electric power System. A large interconnected power system is exposed to many disturbances, which make the system unstable and thus are a threat to its security. In recent days, the effects of these disturbances are more serious considering the intensive use available electric power and its wide transmission. These disturbances result in electromechanical oscillations being set up in the interconnected system. The capability of the system to achieve an operating equilibrium after disturbances are caused in it depends on its inherent strength and on the nature and intensity of the disturbance .Increasing attention has been focused on the eff.ect of excitation control on the damping of oscillations, which characterize the phenomena of stability. In particular it has been found useful and practical to incorporate transient stabilizing signal derived from speed, terminal frequency or accelerating power superimposed on the normal voltage error signal to provide for additional damping of this oscillation. Such device is known as Power System Stabilizer (PSS). The PSS extend the system stability limits by modulating generator excitation to provide damping to the oscillation of synchronous machine rotors relative to one another. The PSS produces a component of torque, which is in phase with the rotor speed deviations, in order to enhance system damping. Damping due to low frequency oscillation problems are very difficult to solve because power system are very large, complex. Therefore it is very necessary to utilize efficient techniques for implementation. From this perspective many successful methods and algorithms have been developed .This paper presents a survey of literature on the various methods, algorithms and optimization methods applied to solve the PSS problems. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview of the PSS, based on different techniques and optimization methods on published literature from 1994 to the present.

9

Authors: Rita Jain* and Mahendra Kumar Gupta**

ABSTRACT : Transistor density on integrated circuit doubles every two year. For decades, Intel has met this challenge and has made Moore's Law a reality. As transistor counts climb so does the ability to increase device complexity and integrate many capabilities onto a chip. With increase in the functional complexity on the chip, accessing of internal sub–circuits of chip for testing purposes is becoming very difficult, as they are not directly accessible through primary inputs. So, the testing of chip is also becoming difficult, very time consuming and costly process with increasing cost. To reduce the cost of testing of chips by costly Automatic Test Equipment (ATE), Built–In–Self–Test (BIST) technique has emerged as a cheap alternative.