The International Journal of Indian Psychology

01 to 05

Authors: Mr. Ankit P. Patel*

Born on September 14, 1849, in Ryazan, Russia, Ivan Pavlov abandoned his early theological schooling to study science. As the Department of Physiology head at the Institute of Experimental Medicine, his groundbreaking work on the digestive systems of dogs earned him the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1904. Pavlov remained an active researcher until his death on February 27, 1936. Early Life and Education Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was born on September 14, 1849, in Ryazan, Russia. The son of a priest, he attended a church school and theological seminary. However, he was inspired by the ideas of Charles Darwin and I.M. Sechenov, the father of Russian physiology, and gave up his theological studies in favor of scientific pursuit.

15 to 33

Authors: Mr. Rajendrakumar Muljibhai Parmar,* Dr. S. M. Makvana**

Thousands of candles can be light from a single candle, and the life of candle will not be reduced. Happiness never decreases by being sharing. One of the most satisfying aspects of teaching at the college or university level may be found in the mentoring connection that faculty members can develop with their students. A good mentoring connection can be what is sometimes called a "peak experience" for both mentor and student. A sharing of something unique that no one else may experience in quite the same way. The student experiences an acceptance of ideas and contributions that may be unequalled in previous life experience. Although there has been a strong move forward to get educational technology into the hands of teachers and students, many barriers to implementation still exist. The integration of technology into the curriculum will not succeed without giving teachers sufficient time to practice, explore, conceptualize, and collaborate. Professional development activities may not provide ongoing, hands-on training for teachers or practical strategies for implementing technology into lesson plans. Initial technology funding may not be sustained and thus not capable of providing upgrades, maintenance, and ongoing professional development. Fortunately, these obstacles can be addressed and overcome. This Critical Issue provides practical information for promoting technology use in schools, college, and university.

52 to 60

Authors: Dr. Thiyam Kiran Singh*, Ms. Niharika Saini**

Total samples of 60 were collected out of which 15 boys and 15 girls were engineering students and the remaining 15 boys and 15 girls were dental students. They were collected using simple random method from different departments of engineering of Amity University Rajasthan (AUR) and Jaipur dental college to compare self compassion & emotional intelligence between Engineering and Dental college students using emotional intelligence scale and self compassion scale. The result found no difference in self compassion of Engineering and Dental students but there is difference in traits of emotional intelligence of boys of Engineering and Dental student. Again the result also found significant difference in overall comparison of Engineering and Dental students in the area of emotional intelligence which proclaim that Engineering students are better in emotional intelligence than Dental students.

73 to 77

Authors: Pooja Verma*, Dr. Ravindra Kumar**

The main objective of the present investigation is to examine the stress management among teaching and non teaching staff. A sample of 30 participants (15=Teaching & 15 Non Teaching) was drawn randomly drawn from the population. Stress Management Scale (SMS) by Dr. Pushpraj Singh & Anjali Srivastava was used for data collection. Data was collected by face to face interview method from the target population from different education institute of Ghaziabad city. Mean, standard deviation and t-test were calculated for the analysis of data. Results indicate that there is no significant difference among Teaching and Non-teaching staff participants in relation to stress management. Result revealed that Non teaching participants have higher mean score on stress management in compare to teaching participants. In simple terms it can be said that Non teaching participants have higher stress management. Keywords: Stress, Stress management, teaching and non teaching.

84 to 90

Authors: Dr. Shailesh Raval*

Yoga is widely practiced as a means to promote physical, psychological and spiritual well-being. While a number of studies have documented the efficacy of yoga for functioning in healthy individuals and those experiencing illness or pain, bio-psychosocial effects have not been detailed. We propose an analogue between the physical, psychological and spiritual effects of practice as support in yoga traditions, and the bio-psychosocial model of health.

97 to 101

Authors: Dr. V.D. Kasture

The call center community often defines itself as an industry, with numerous national and international call centers. But there has some dispute among researchers as to whether it is appropriate to refer such thing as the „call center industry‟. Bain and Taylor (1999) argue that it is more appropriate to use the term „sector‟ as call centers are found across a wide range of industries and may be similar primarily in terms of their core technologies. Belt, Richardson and Websler (2000) agreed that call centers are not an „industry‟ as the term generally defined, but rather represent certain ways of delivering various services using the telephone and computer technologies across traditional industry boundaries.

108 to 114

Authors: Urvashi Sharma*, Dr. Ravindra Kumar**

The main objective of the present study is to examine the Emotional Quotient (sensitivity, conscientiousness, empathy and adaptability) among ectomorphic and endomorphic personality women. A sample of 30 participants (15 ectomorphy personality & 15 Endomorphic personality types) was drawn randomly from the population. Emotional quotient scale by Prof. N. K. Chadha was used for data collection. Data was collected by a face to face interview method. Mean, standard deviation and‘t’ test were the statistics calculated. The results indicate that there is no significant difference between ectomorphic and endomorphic women in relation to sensitivity, conscientiousness, empathy and adaptability. Results revealed that ectomorphic women have higher sensitivity, empathy and adaptability. On the other hand, the endomorphic women have higher conscientiousness.

133 to 137

Authors: Kartiki Porwal*, Dr. Ravindra Kumar**

The main objective of the present study is to examine the academic stress among senior secondary students. The total participants of the study were 30 (15 male and 15 female). All students belong to 12th standard studying in Noida. The Data was collected through standardized Academic Stress Questionnaire (ASQ) by Akram, Mohd Ilyas Khan and Sahiba Baby. Mean, Standard deviation and T-test were conducted for analysis of data. Result indicates that there is significant difference among boys and girls in relation to academic stress. Result revealed that senior secondary boys have higher academic stress in compare to girls. KEYWORDS: Stress, Academic Stress, senior secondary boys and girls.

141 to 146

Authors: Shaik Ali*

Today, 1.2 billion adolescents stand at the crossroads between childhood and the adult world. Around 243 million of them live in India. About one-quarter of India’s population are adolescents.(UNICEF). As they stand at these crossroads, so do societies at large – the crossroads between losing out on the potential of a generation or nurturing them to transform society. Adolescence is considered as a period of transition from childhood to adulthood. It is characterized by rapid physical growth, significant physical, emotional, psychological and spiritual changes. Adolescents – young people between the ages of 10 and 19 years are often thought of as a healthy group. Nevertheless, many adolescents do die prematurely due to accidents, suicide, violence, pregnancy related complications and other illnesses that are either preventable or treatable. Many more suffer chronic ill-health and disability. In addition, many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. For example, tobacco use, sexually transmitted infections including HIV, poor eating and exercise habits, lead to illness or premature death later in life. Like adults, adolescents can experience emotions, thoughts, and behaviors that are distressing, disruptive, and disabling. Because many of these problems are precursors to much more disabling disorders during later life, mental and behavioral problems in childhood and adolescence represent a very high cost to society in both human and financial terms. The problems of adolescents are multi- dimensional in nature and require holistic approach. This paper aims to reveal the various problems of the adolescence in India. It also makes an attempt to locate the significance of measures from a strategic perspective. The present study is based upon secondary sources.

155 to 124

Authors: Dr. Rita Karmakar*, Prof. Anjali Ghosh**

Distributive justice is the normative principle designed to guide the allocation of resources among the members of a community. Distributive justice in the context of reward allocation mainly deals with various determinants of preference for specific justice (allocation) rules, such as equity (merit), equality, need and seniority (Deutsch, 1985; Homans, 1961; Leventhal, 1980). The present study has been undertaken to determine the role of age, gender and type of schooling on the development of distributive justice of children. Participants of the study were 200 children (100 from missionary and 100 from non-missionary schools) belonging to Kolkata district, West Bengal. The results indicated the role of type of schooling and age on the development of distributive justice of adolescents. Pre adolescents generally prefer equality as justice criteria whereas adolescents generally prefer merit as their justice criteria. Effect of type of schooling is prominent among pre-adolescents.

5 to 18

Authors: Dr. S. M. Makvana

This is the study was conducted as Emotional intelligence in the variables associated as a Types of area‘s (rural and urban), types of a streams (Arts and Science ), and types of sex as a male and female. On a sample of 240 cases selected from secondary and higher secondary schools student‘s of Bharuch district of Gujarat state by rendering 2 x 2 x 2 three-factor factorial research design. The emotional intelligence scale constructed and standardize by Patel and Patel 1985 was used to measured emotional intelligence. The results reveal that‘s rural student are more emotional intelligence than urban school students are. In addition, emotional intelligence has be found to the greater in student of science stream compare to arts student and female student‘s as compare to a student of arts stream and male student‘s respectively.

27 to 36

Authors: Mr. Rajendrakumar Muljibhai Parmar

This paper outlines a framework for developing peace education agenda in high schools and college and university level. Historical peace education programs are reviewed and included into a comprehensive program of substantive, peace education content and pedagogy. The historical programs reviewed include the Integral Model of Peace Education, Learning to stop War, and Master of Arts Program in Peace Education at our school, college & University level for Peace education. Peace is simply having a feeling of security, calm and restfulness. We often tend to think of peace as being an international issue, far from our daily life, but we do not realize that global peace can only be achieved if each country is established at peace. The peace and happiness of each country can only be achieved if every citizen is at peace. This follows therefore that a country can be peaceful and progress if people live tolerantly. We all want peace of mind. The need of the hour is to develop the young generation with peace consciousness and the importance of conflict resolution. Neither our society nor our educational system has any scope for highlighting the importance of peace and conflict resolution. In every walk of life our attention is focused on violence, confrontation, competition, self-interest and the need to win. The history of wars is no longer than peace. It took the impact of two world wars and the Hiroshima bomb disaster for human kind to begin to perceive the concept of peace as the primary goal. Our School, college and university teacher can spread massage about the peace in the society through our studying generation. The whole reliant of peace of our nation on the student, simply they can learn and establish in society peace. Here teacher‟s role is very important to teach student what peace education is and how to maintain in society peace so that, every citizen can be avoid any kind of conflict from neighbor to neighbor country.

45 to 50

Authors: Mr. Mukesh C. Rathwa

Aim of the research is to find out the psychological Wellbeing among B. Ed College students, so investigator selected two groups one is male and other is female, both groups have 120 students. In each group has 60 male and other one groups has 60 female students. Data were collected from different collages of v.v.nagar city. Scale was use for data collection is personal datasheet and psychological Wellbeing scale developed by Bhogale and Prakash (1995), 2x2 factorial design was used and data were analysis by ANOVA test. Result show, There is no significant difference between the Psychological Wellbeing among male and female B. Ed college student. There is no significant difference between the Psychological well-being among urban and rural B. Ed college student. There is no significant difference between the effect of contact on Psychological Wellbeing among type of sex and type of area of B. Ed college student.

58 to 67

Authors: Mr. Ankit P. Patel*

The presents study was held in area of Panchmahal district. Aim of the study is to measure the difference of AIDS positive & negative tribal and non-tribal women and selfconcept. 80 women were selected randomly from Godhra' Civil hospital and Local area. In which 20 tribal and 20 Non-Tribals from AIDS positive and tribal and 20 non-tribal AIDS negative women. For present study "Mental Health Battery" (MHB) of Arunkumar Singh and Alpna Sen Gupta was used. From this battery only 15 items were selected (related to selfconcept) for the research. For this comparison's t test was used. Result is that there is a no significant difference in selfconcept of women.

95 to 101

Authors: Mr. Anil A Maniya * Mr. Ajay J Chauhan**

The present study about of emotional Intelligence Level of Arts and Commerce Students. Total 40 students were selected randomly Anand district area's colleges. In which 20 students (10 males and 10 females) from Arts faculties and also 20 students (10 male and 10 females) from commerce faculty. After analysis was done according to key for the comparison of difference group 't' test was calculated.

107 to 112

Authors: Mr. Chirag R Rathod * Ms. Priyanka D Patel **

The present study related to mental health level of government and private school's female, teachers. Total 40 teachers were selected randomly from Bhavnagar district area's School. In which 20 teacher's (10 teacher's 21 to 30 and 10 teacher's 1 to 40 year) from government school's teachers and also 20 teachers (10 teacher's 21 to 30 and 10 teacher's 31 to 40 year. ) From private school teachers.After data analysis done with 't' test.

01 to 08

Authors: Mr. Ankit P. Patel*

Sigmund Freud was one of the trailblazers of modern-day psychology. As the originator of Psychoanalysis, Freud distinguished himself as an intellectual giant. He pioneered new techniques for understanding human behavior, and his efforts resulted in the most comprehensive theory of personality and psychotherapy ever developed. Freud was the firstborn in a Viennese family of three boys and five girls. He was born in Freiberg, a rural town near Ostrau in northwestern Moravia. Even though Freud's family had limited finances and were forced to live in a crowded apartment, his parents made every effort to foster his obvious intellectual capacities. From a very early age he had many interests, unfortunately his career choices were limited because of his Jewish heritage. He attended school at "Leopoldstdter Communal-Real-und Obergymnasium" and took his leaving exam in July 1873. This was also the year that Freud registered at the faculty of Medicine at the University of Vienna. In 1881 he obtained his doctorate in medicine. From 1876 to 1882 he worked as a research assistant at the Institute of Physiology under Ernst Brcke, with neurology as his main focus. In 1885 Freud received a One-year scholarship with Charcot at the "Salpetriere" in Paris. In 1886 Freud opened his first neurologist's office in Vienna, Rathausstrasse 7. Under Jean-Martin Charcot, Freud practiced and observed hypnosis as a clinical technique, and began to formulate the beginnings of his theory on the mind. Freud went on to make nervous ailments his speciality, concentrating on hysteria. By 1895, the year he published Studies on Hysteria with Josef Breuer, he had made significant progress in mapping out and defining his own theory of the mind. A period of intense work and self-analysis, further inspired by the death of his father, led Freud to his publication of The Interpretation of Dreams in 1900 and of Psychopathology of Everyday Life in 1901. The latter work, offering amusing and easily applicable anecdotes of Freudian slips, found a wide audience for his theories of the mind. By 1902 he finally gained the position of associate professor at the University of Vienna. In 1908 Freud established a Psychoanalytic society in Vienna, and thus his new field began to gain wider acceptance. Also in this period Freud published papers on religion, literature and more importantly his introductory lectures, which secured him a wide and popular audience. In 1920, inspired by the death of his daughter Sophie, Beyond the Pleasure Principle was published. Soon after in 1923 The Ego and the Id was published. This work contained a final formulation of his structural theory of the mind. In late 1923 Freud suffered from cancer and had surgery. However he continued to publish his work and in 1927 he published a series of papers on female sexuality. Freud died in 1939. Today he falls under criticism from most sides, as his speculative theories fail to find support. However, Freud's work presented a new way of thinking about human nature, and his legacy lives on in the vocabulary and beliefs of millions.

25 to 38

Authors: Mr. Rajendrakumar M. Parmar

This stage generally refers to those over 60–80 years. During old age, people experience a conflict between integrity vs. despair. When reflecting on their life, they either feel a sense of accomplishment or failure. Physically, older people experience a decline in muscular strength, reaction time, stamina, hearing, distance perception, and the sense of smell. They also are more susceptible to severe diseases such as cancer and pneumonia due to a weakened immune system. Mental disintegration may also occur, leading to Dementia or Alzheimer's disease. However, partially due to a lifetime's accumulation of antibodies, the elderly are less likely to suffer from common diseases such as the cold. Whether or not intellectual powers increase or decrease with age remains controversial, longitudinal studies have suggested that intellect declines, while cross-sectional studies suggest that intellect is stable. It is generally believed that crystallized intelligence increases up to old age, while fluid intelligence decreases with age. For young people, time seems to have no end. But, as time passes we suddenly realize that the number of remaining years is limited. The realization that we are growing old can be traumatic. Our ideas about and attitudes toward aging are very important in how well we cope with and enjoy the passing years, Some psychological characteristics of aging get passed down from generation to generation through our genes. Others can result from real or perceived changes in our bodies as we age (e.g., mental or physical limitations). Social and cultural differences also affect how we deal with aging. Men and women think about aging differently, because of biological, social, and psychological differences between the sexes. For example, women tend to live longer than men, so they generally experience more losses of family members and friends.

47 to 53

Authors: Ramesh O. Prajapati*

Aim of the research is to find out the Psychological Well-being among joint and nuclear families. So investigator selected two groups one is joint families and other is nuclear families, both groups have 200 persons. In one group has 89 and other one groups has 111 persons. The all subjects were randomly selected. Data were collected from Ahmedabad district. Scale was use for data collection is personal datasheet and Psychological Well-being scale developed by Bhogale and Prakash (1995), and data were analysis by „t‟ test. Result show, There is no significant difference between the psychological well-being of joint and nuclear family. There is no significant difference between the psychological well-being of married and unmarried person‟s.

68 to 72

Authors: Kothival Krishna P

The main purpose of this research was to find out the mean difference between professor and primary teacher women in mental health. The total sample consisted 60 women were taken. The research tool for mental health was measured by Dr. Jagdish and Dr. A. K. Srivastava. Here't' test was applied to check the significance of mental health in professor and primary teacher. Result shows that No Significant difference between professor and primary teacher in mental health. Introduction : More recently, the concept of mental health has received added significance because of changing societal complexity and global problems. Traditionally, the absence of negative mental states such as depression and anxiety present a picture of mental health, with the emergence of health psychology, psychologists, have indicated presence of positive aspects like achievement, personal competence autonomy etc as more important criteria of mental health. Involvement is a central life interest. So According to corchin, "Positive Mental Health is the key of person's cohesive development."

93 to 97

Authors: Mr. Bhavesh G. Gopani

The aim of present study was to investigate emotional intelligence among professors of granted and non-granted collages. The Random sampling method was used in this study. The total sample consisted 60 professors among this 30 of granted and 30 non-granted collages . Along with the respective personal data sheet and emotional intelligence scale developed by Hayd, Path and Dhar (2001) and it is also translated in Guajarati by Rathod used from data collaction. Data was analyzed by „t‟test verify the hypothesis. The result shows that „t‟ value is 4.13 that is significant at 0.01 level. So, the hypothesis is not accepted. it means professor of granted and non-granted was very far difference between emotional intelligence.

104 to 105

Authors: Chauhan Ajay. J

Today women is walking step to sleep with men. There is not a single place. Where man was cannot works in driving, teachers, etc, in doing so she has to pass many difficult and hard paths in her life .ex.., Sunita Williams. “A mother is better than hundred teachers “. There is no doubt in this proverb. Today women faces violence's is her home as well as of her working place. There are many points to be discussed in this modern era, but the more debatable point is women. There are many forms of women. Today she is walking step to sleep with men. Today there is no single place where we cannot see women. Or we can say that there is not a single place where women cannot work. Today she drives four wheel and taxi. She has no inferiority complete in doing any work. There was a time when she has place within four walls of home. A woman that means a means of maintainers' house bold work. Here we shall discuss both importance and violence against her. She has never gainer importance by our society. But even though she has proved her importance. In doing so she has to pars many difficult and hard paths in her life. Today women like Sunnita Williams her research in Space shuttle. It was no their but she hard work. Otherwise, our society might not permitted to go out of her home.in fact, one cannot do such work in hulk as a women is doing one cannot even care for work so bulky. A women is said mother and there is a proverb that “A mother is better there hundred teachers.’’ There is no doubt in this proverb. Today women faces violence is her home as well as of her working place. There is no single place where she is not facing violence. The only reason is our man dominated society. Today rape, kidnapping, theft, robbery, dirty politics is seen everywhere. And only thing penal each misbehavior is women and money. Because we have given too much importance to money .but such importance has not seen given to women. Ever through we believe her as a “Laxmi” of our home. God has not named her merely by weighing with money but the real meaning of the “secreatlaxmi” is something else. The government has named her laxmi because she is the only person who has strength to maintain her home single and really. To maintain home to look after family members, and at times she has to do job, so she is called laxmi by the god. A woman has capacity to play thousand roles in her life.so she is named as laxmi. Can a man do such hard work?