Advances in Human Biology

17-21

Authors: Pankaj Mishra, Manas Gupta, Kriti Shrivastava, Neha Singh, Pushpraj Singh.

Background: Body piercing is a cultural practice or tradition in various civilizations dating back to antiquity. In recent years, body piercing has become increasingly fashionable for purely esthetic reasons and the practice cuts across all sectors of society. The emergence of oral tattoos especially among young adults is of concern to dental and medical professionals because of the risks and complications for oral, dental and general health. Intraoral piercings involve the tongue, while perioral piercings involve the lips, the cheeks and to a lesser extent the uvula and the frenum. Education is a primary method to intercept or prevent risky behavior of oral piercing and dental professionals have a major role in providing guidance about pe¬rioral /oral modification.

32-38

Authors: Parul Aneja, Pradeep Shukla, Col. MSM Biir, Suruchi Hans, Vikas Aneja, Amrit Padda.

Aim: Various techniques like cultural methods, Immunofluorescence and ELISA have largely been used for studies of microbial ecology. But nowdays PCR is used as a diagnostic tool that can detect even small numbers of periodontal pathogens with a high degree of accuracy. In this study, the quantity of periodontal pathogens (P.gingivalis, T.denticola, T.forsythia and A.actinomycetemcomitans) in saliva, preoperatively and postoperatively after scaling and root planing was compared by using multiplex PCR test. Materials and Method: Unstimulated saliva of 30 chronic periodontitis patients was taken preoperatively by spitting method in eppendorf vial. After treatment i.e scaling and root planing again saliva of the same patient was taken and sent to the laboratory of Maratha Mandal Dental College, Department of Microbiology, Belgaum, Karnataka for PCR analysis. Results: Quantity of three bacteria (T.d, A.a, P.g) were reduced significantly after scaling and root planing as compared to T.f which did not show statistically significant reduction. Conclusion: Non-surgical therapy like scaling and root planing plays a very important part in treating the patients of chronic periodontitis.

44-48

Authors: Srinivas Nallanchakrava, Radhika Muppa, Silpa Ambati, Shanthan Mettu, Dwitha Animi Reddy, Pratej Kiran.

Aim: The present study was conducted to determine the dermatoglyphic configuration of specially abled and healthy children by comparing the variations that occur in these patterns and evaluating the caries experience associated with it. Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study in which dermatoglyphic patterns along with deft and DMFT index was recorded in 100 children of age 6-16 years divided into two groups of 50 each (50-specially abled and 50- normal children). Results: Statistical analysis was done using MANN-WHITNEY U test. Specially abled children showed increased number of loop configurations compared to healthy children and high caries risk children in both the groups showed increased number of arches and decrease in the number of whorls with no statistical significance (P > 0.005). Conclusion: With further research in this field, dermatoglyphic patterns can prove to be an effective diagnostic tool in diagnosis of diseases with a genetic cause.

56-65

Authors: Juliet Josephi, Kranthi K Reddy, Hema Seshan, Vikram Reddy, Jagadish Reddy, Mahipal Nera, Madhusudhana Rao

Aim: Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allograft (DFDBA) has repeatedly demonstrated significant improvements in soft and hard clinical tissue parameters for the treatment of intraosseous periodontal defects. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) has the primary effect of a mitogen, initiating cell division. It was shown that osteoblasts proliferate in response to PDGF alone or with the addition of a progression factor to induce mitosis. However there is no evidence to evaluate whether a combination of PRP and DFDBA-Allograft enhances the clinical outcome compared to treatment with DBM mixed with saline solution. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes obtained with the combination of PRP and DFDBA to those obtained with DFDBA mixed with saline solution in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects. Materials and Method: This study was carried out for a period of 12 months. 20 intrabony defects in 10 patients were divided into experimental and control sites. The experimental sites were debrided and grafted with a combination of Platelet Rich Plasma and DFDBA-Allograft. The control sites were debrided and grafted with DFDBA-Allograft with saline. Probing depth, clinical attachment level and gingival margin position were recorded at baseline, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Standardized radiographs were also documented at these recalls. Results: On completion of 12 months, the DFDBA + PRP sites had significantly lower mean PD (7.0 mm versus 2.10 mm; P <0.003) and CAL (7.0mm versus 1.90 mm; P <0.003) compared to the DFDBA+saline sites. At 12months, there was no significant difference between the study groups for mean gingival margin position (P >0.05). Conclusion: Overall, both therapies led to significant improvements of the investigated parameters. The combination of PRP and DFDBA-Allograft was more effective in terms of improving clinical parameters than DFDBA-Allograft alone. There is a need for further long term controlled studies evaluating the adjunctive benefits of a combination of PRP and DFDBA-Allograft as compared to DFDBA-Allograft alone in the treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.

72-77

Authors: Neha Agarwal, Umang Agarwal, Swati Katiyar, Shubhi Gupta

Aim: The objective of this in vivo study was to compare the amount of bacterial colonization associated with metal, self-ligating and ceramic orthodontic brackets . Materials and Method: The study was done on 30 orthodontic patients who were randomly divided in to three groups. Group I bonded with metal brackets wire ligated with steel ligature , Group II bonded with self-ligating brackets and Group III bonded using ceramic brackets wire ligated with elastomeric module. Amount of bacterial colonization was evaluated from right of the maxillary dental arch at day 1 and at day 21, the aerobic and anaerobic bacterial count was then compared. Result: ANOVA test for anaerobic and aerobic log bacterial count showed significant difference between group I, group II and group III observations at 5% level of significance at day 21. Conclusion: The result of this in vivo study concluded that higher bacterial colonization was associated with ceramic brackets ligated with elastomeric modules followed by metal brackets ligated with steel ligatures and comparatively less microbial growth was observed in self - ligating brackets.

88-92

Authors: Rani Somani, Shipra Jaidka, Deepti Jawa Singh, Gurleen Kaur Sibal

Aim: To evaluate shear bond strength of conventional Type II glass ionomer cement with triclosan incorporated Type II glass ionomer cement. Materials and Method: Forty extracted non-carious permanent molars were taken. Triclosan incorporated glass ionomer cement was prepared at a concentration of 2.5%. Specimens were divided into two groups of twenty teeth each. Group A was restored with conventional GIC whereas Group B with triclosan incorporated GIC. Thermocycling was done to simulate oral conditions. After 24 hours Groups A and B were checked for shear bond strength using Instron Universal testing Machine at crosshead speed of 0.5mm/min until fracture. Results were recorded. Results: Data was statistically analyzed by student’s t-test. Shear bond strength of triclosan incorporated GIC was higher than conventional GIC. Conclusion: Triclosan incorporated GIC can be considered as an alternative to conventional GIC with enhanced antibacterial property.