European Journal of Physical Education and Sport

3-14

Authors: Štefan Adamčák, Gabriel Bujdoš, Michal Marko, Pavol Bartík

Introduction: This survey aimed to assess and compare the views of primary-level physical and sports education teachers regarding the teaching of thematic units (TU) in ISCED 1. We specifically examined variations in opinions based on teachers' educational backgrounds, seeking to gain insights into diverse perspectives and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of teaching practices in this context. Materials and Methods: The survey included teachers from the Prešov and Košice regions of Slovakia, totalling 341 participants, representing 8.17 % of the teacher population. Age distribution ranged from under 30 to over 50, with 63 men (18.48 %) and 278 women (81.52 %). Two groups were identified: the 1st group with a master's degree in elementary and preschool pedagogy (or equivalent), and the 2nd group with a full university education in a related field or a bachelor's degree. The survey, conducted in 2023, utilized both distributed and electronic formats. Statistical analysis involved percentages, the χ2 test, and correlation assessments for questions on thematic unit popularity and difficulty. Results: In the results section, it was found that manipulative, preparatory, and sports games was the most popular thematic units among teachers, chosen by more than half of the respondents from both surveyed groups. Conversely, psychomotor and health-oriented exercises were identified as the least popular TU. Basic movement skills were considered the least demanding TU in terms of teaching, while psychomotor and health-oriented exercises were perceived as the most demanding. Discussion: In terms of statistical significance, we have not noticed any significant differences when comparing responses of teachers with a degree in another field or a bachelor’s degree in the field of elementary and preschool pedagogy and teachers with a master’s degree in the field of elementary and preschool pedagogy. Notably, we identified a very strong direct correlation between the most demanding taught Thematic Unit (TU) and the least popular taught TU. Furthermore, our observations revealed a very strong indirect correlation between the most demanding and the least demanding taught TU.

31-37

Authors: Ratko Pavlović

The aim of the research was to assess the level of agility of female students, i.e. the correlation between speed and the results of the IAT. The research included 21 female students, who at the time of measurement corresponded to the 3rd year of study, aged 20-22 years. The IAT was used to assess motor agility based on the average test results (sec.) and the average movement speed during the test (m/s). The average IAT result achieved is 19.58 sec. with an average speed of 3.32 m/s. As many as 86 % of respondents had an average score (18.0-21.7sec). The obtained results confirmed a high inverse correlation between the success of the IAT results and the speed of the IAT performance (r = -0.985;p < 0.05). The fact that the analyzed population of physical education and sports (PES) students is mainly characterized by good physical condition, significantly better results are expected (reference above average value). The upgrading of this motor area of agility is possible in the moments of solving a specific motor task, in the course of applied adequate exercise or some sports activities.

43-48

Authors: Maria V. Mayeva

Udmurtia has achieved significant success in the development of physical culture and sports and has its own rich history. Of the many sports, boxing has produced some of the most significant results. Boxing began its gradual development in the 1920s. with the arrival of Vasily Gubin, the founder of this sport in Udmurtia. Many new athletes emerged with the advent of boxing in the 1940s. A. Shkurenko and V. Segal, who played a major role in the discovery of talents. The opening of a specialized boxing hall at Youth Sports School No. 1 is associated with the opening of new boxing stars, such as A. Abramov, A. Dudyrev. It was during this period that teams of boxers from Udmurtia became champions of the Volga region for the first time, and successfully performed at all-Union and World competitions. The most outstanding successes were achieved by Andrei Abramov, who became an Honored Master of Sports of the USSR; he became a three-time European champion and a six-time USSR champion.

3-12

Authors: Harbach Brahima, Guezgouz Mohamed, Bendehiba Djourdem

The aim of the study was to determine the correlation between the emotional-social interaction of a professor of physical education and sports and the activity of his students during the physical education and sports lesson, where the researchers used the descriptive approach, and the sample comprised (N = 14) teachers, and (398) students (aged 12 ± 14 years) from 14 Middle school of Mostaganem state, the researchers used The questionnaire form and the Weethol scale to measure the social-emotional interaction; they used the SPSS program in the statistical analysis of the data got we considered the results of statistical tests significant with p < 0.05; the results showed the existence of a positive and strong correlation between the first three behavioral groups of the tool, and the extent of student activity and the researchers recommend using indirect methods by professors in teaching, whether verbal or kinesthetic. The results of the sample showed that the arithmetic mean was (02.30 ± 88.30), and the standard deviation ranges within limits of (01.10 ± 20.40), the calculated value of (R) was (-0.97 ± 0.94), It is greater than the table (R = 0.55, df = 13, p < 0.05) and it is at the level of significance. We conclude that there is a significant correlation between the first three behavioral categories of Weethol's tool and the extent of students' activation and that there is an inverse relationship between the last three categories of behavior and the extent of students' activation.

25-31

Authors: Victor Koryahin, Oksana Blavt, Tatyana Gurtova

The article considers the main aspects of the formation of sportsmanship of young basketball players. It is established that the program of long-term training of basketball players is focused on the demonstration of physical and technical training of basketball players, which is considered as a leading strategic direction of training young highly qualified athletes in modern conditions. The paper presents the results of research on the level of physical and technical fitness of young basketball players. According to the results of empirical research it is established that insufficient development of all physical qualities increases the duration of formation of special skills during mastering the technique of basketball and reduces the efficiency of their use in competitive wrestling. It was found that the training of young basketball players should be aimed at realizing the maximum opportunities for each athlete in the optimal period for the demonstration of sports results. The presented results can be used as a scientific basis for a purposeful choice of means and methods of training to improve the structure of comprehensive training of young basketball players.

3-10

Authors: Harbach Brahim, Senouci Abdelkrim, Mokrani Djamel, Djourdem Bendehiba

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of proposed educational units, by directed game, on the balance, compatibility, and speed of reaction of primary school pupils (aged 09 ± 12 years). We assumed that the units positively affect the development of balance, compatibility, and speed of reaction. We applied them on a sample of n = 26 students, divided into two groups of 13, experimental and control. We relied on an eight race test, a foot-to-foot balance test, and Nelson Kinetic Response. They used the SPSS program in the statistical analysis of the data got. We considered the results of statistical tests significant with p < 0.05. The test physical that participants used were a test run in the form of the number eight and The walking test is a foot behind a foot and Nelson test for the motor response, and eight educational units were placed at one educational unit per week within two months, to contain physical exercises and kinetic activities focused on the use of guided play, and program content included walking and balance exercises and games, running exercises and games, jumping exercises and games, exercises and compatibility of games with movement games. The results of the pre-test of the experimental sample showed that the arithmetic mean was (15.41 ± 2.12), but in the post-test, the experimental sample got a mathematical mean of (15, 39 ± 2.08) and the calculated value of (T) was (11.61 ± 0.55). It is smaller than the table (T = 1.78, df = 12, p < 0.05) and it is situated at the level of significance. This means that the difference between the pre-test and the post-test is a significant difference which is not statistically significant. Finally, we concluded that there was an improvement in the quality of compatibility in the experimental sample.

18-25

Authors: Victor Koryahin, Oksana Blavt,Tatyana Gurtova

The paper deals with the question of metrological conformity of the methods of test control of the level of development of static force endurance of students of with chronic health conditions of universities. The purpose of the work is to perform a metrological analysis of the current methodology of test control of static force endurance of students with chronic health conditions of universities. Research methods: theoretical analysis, systematization, comparison of different views on the problem under study, generalization of scientific and methodological and specialized literature data and methods of obtaining empirical data: pedagogical experiment, pedagogical testing, mathematical methods of processing digital arrays, system-functional analysis. On the basis of the results of the conducted experimental study, the degree of authenticity of the test methods of control of static force endurance of students of with chronic health conditions was established. The possibility of using the results of the study as the initial empirical and theoretical basis of the reorganization of the test control of static strength endurance of students with deviations in the state of health to ensure the realization of the health problems of physical education of students with chronic health conditions is shown.

32-39

Authors: Mehtap Yildiz, Mahmut Gulle

The purpose of research was to examine the empathetic tendency levels of physical education teacher candidates and other teacher candidates related to age, gender and department and doing/undoing sports variances. Research group in the 2016−2017 academic year at Mustafa Kemal University; Physical Education and Sports Teaching, Classroom Teaching, Turkish Language Teaching, English Language Teaching, Visual Arts Teaching departments studying in the final year totally consisted of 232 (133 female, 99 male) teacher candidates in Turkey. In research, personal information form developed by researchers, Empathetic Tendency Scale developed by Dökmen (1988) was used as data collection tools. In the analysis of the data were used Mann Whitney U test for single comparisons and Kruskal Wallis H test for multiple comparisons from non-parametric tests. In the research, the level of significance was taken as p < 0.05. According to the results gained from the research; it was specified that it wasn’t significant difference among teacher candidates’ age, gender, department, whether they do sports or not, and empathetic tendencies. And also, it was identified that empathetic tendency levels of English language teacher and physical education and sports teacher candidates have higher empathetic tendency levels than classroom, Turkish language and visual arts teachers’ candidates.

46-55

Authors: Nuriya M. Kharissova, Liliya M. Smirnova, Andrey F. Kuzmin, Farida A. Mindubayeva, Yelena G. Komkina, Yelena Yu. Salikhova, Sholpan Sh. Sarsembaeva, Fedor A. Kuzmin, Nataliya V. Tikhomirova, Ayman Sh. Sarsembaeva, Poonia Vikram, Dinesh Kumar, Shubham Choudhary, Fatma Irem Gurbuzer

The Problem of Research: In the educational process many students experience the stress, which manifests itself in the form of headaches, fatigue, depression, and in decreasing of academic performance. A little physical activity allows them to get out of this state. Participants and Methods: There were investigated 100 students (educational directions: “Physical culture”, “Music”, “General Medicine”) (age 19-24) from Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkey with various psychotype and physical activity level in the process of their adaptation to educational process. It was used theoretical analysis of scientific and methodological literature, analysis of normative documents, pedagogical observations, sociological methods of research (the scale neuropsychic tension, Questionnaire (well-being, activity, and mood), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ)), methods of assessing physical activity (timing, Framingham technique), and methods of statistical data processing. Results: It was shown that students with a reduced level of physical activity expressed significant stress of adaptation mechanisms.For students of the educational direction "Physical Culture" adaptation to the educational process passes more effectively than for students of the educational direction "Music". Conclusions:It is necessary to take effective measures to reduce the negative impact of stress on life, health and student performance. These measures include: a change in lifestyle, activisation of physical activity, harmonization of interpersonal relations of students, reduction of learning loads. It this way necessary to individualize the learning process, based on the types of temperament, psychotype and level of physical activity.

62-73

Authors: Alexander B. Miroshnikov, Alexander D. Formenov, Andrey V. Smolensky

Hypertension is a common diagnosis in power sports athletes. Objective. Evaluate the effect of high-intensity aerobic work on blood pressure, oxidative capacity, hypertrophy and strength of working muscles in power sports athletes. Меthods. 55 representatives of power sports (powerlifting), heavy weight categories were involved in the research. Athletes were randomized into two groups: the main group (n = 35) and the control group (n = 20). All athletes were subjected to a comprehensive examination before and after the beginning of the research, including: survey, examination, three-time measurement of blood pressure, bioimpedance analysis and calculations of body composition indices, gas analysis, measurement of the oxygenation level of muscle tissue, ultrasonographic measurements of anatomical cross-sectional area of quadriceps muscle of thigh, estimation of maximum arbitrary power of quadriceps muscle of thigh and methods of mathematical statistics. The athletes of the main group trained 60 days (3 times a week) on a bicycle ergometer according to the high-intensity interval protocol, and the participants of the control group trained 60 days (3 times a week) according to their traditional power protocol. Results. After 60 days of training, there was a decrease in oxygenation by 72%, an increase in power and working time at the level of maximum oxygen consumption and an increase in the cross-sectional area of quadriceps muscle of thigh in athletes of the main group. Athletes of the main group experienced a significant decrease in arterial blood pressure: systolic arterial pressure by 4.7 %, diastolic arterial pressure by 5.6%. Conclusion. The physical rehabilitation protocol we developed allows athletes of power sports to effectively and safely influence hypertrophy, as well as the oxidizing abilities of working muscles and arterial blood pressure.

83-94

Authors: Chee Keng John Wang,Timothy Lee, Li Chunxiao, Lit Khoon Chian

With increasing competitiveness in professional sport, countries and sports organizations are seeking to optimize their athletes’ sports performance. The talent development environment is an important factor contributing to athletic success. This review aims to synthesize existing literature pertaining to the talent development environment. The results of this review provided a contemporary understanding of the essential components of talent development environment (e.g., long-term development and support network), as well as their differential and holistic role in fostering talent development. The influence of talent development environments on athletic success was explored through the lens of achievement goal theory and self-determination theory. Constructs of these two theories were found to relate to the components of the talent development environment. Despite the growing literature aimed at understanding the talent development environment, issues and gaps in the existing literature were identified. Future research directions were proposed to advance this critical research area.

3-10

Authors: Seyedeh Nasim Habibza, Mark Anthony Chen, Iain Richard Spear

Spatial synchronous of video-derived kinematic (2D or 3D) and kinetic (i.e. EMG or force plate) acquisition routinely allows a simultaneous collection of coordinated biomechanical dynamic configurations from human movements. Synchronization technic could assist to identify the differences between modes of walking. Use of synchronize technologies differentiated abnormal and pathological gait patterns in clinical setting. Synchronization technic could also assist to greater understanding of areas of muscle weakness, potential stresses and injuries in variety of individual in different conditions. Simultaneous kinematic and kinetic measures could contribute to design rehabilitation program to optimum functional recovery. Likewise, the use of coordinated kinematic and kinetic biomechanical features could address individuals’ adaptability to sport facilities to optimal physical performances or pattern modifications paradigms. It seems, practicing synchronizing approaches will benefit diverse sporting and clinical sectors in board ranges and frequent utilizations of this technology for more biomechanical discovery are warranted.

18-27

Authors: Victor Koryahin, OksanaBlavt, Tatyana Gurtova

Purpose: the effectiveness of the developed program of professionally applied physical preparation of students of special medical groups with diseases of the nervous system in technical university based on control psycho-physiological functions to experimentally establish. Material: in the investigated was attended by students of special medical groups of the National University «Lviv Polytechnic»: 40 boys and 40 girls with diseases in the functional state of the nervous system in a state of remission. Results: that the integrative assessment of psycho-physiological functions in the students of the sample under study is very low, according to the results of the ascertaining experiment it was established. That under the influence of the developed professionally applied physical preparation, a significant improvement in all the studied parameters of psycho-physiological functions in students of experimental groups was revealed it is shown. Conclusions: the application of the proposed professionally applied physical preparation program during the course of physical education achieved the much better results in solving tasks than the traditional organization and content of physical education, which are used in the control group.