INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering

6

Authors: Kruglyj D., Boyko G., Klevtsov K.

The present work contains the results of theoretical and experimental studies aimed at developing technologies for producing bast fibre retted straw to produce cellulosic semi-finished products in order to expand the scope of oilseed flax fibre in the production of cellulosic consumer goods. It is theoretically and experimentally proved based on comparative studies of the structure and chemical composition of flax stems and hemp, the necessity to create a new technology for the mechanical processing of these crops for the production of fibre with the given qualitative indices.

8

Authors: Yanovych V., Honcharuk T., Honcharuk I., Kovalova K.

The article shows the technological scheme and the implementation of structural vibration equipment for complex processing of bulk premix ingredients in the manufacturing of high active premix based on natural ingredients. To intensify the process of dissolution of premix ingredients by biologically active environment and to minimize the time for reaching their maximum concentration in the body, it is proposed to carry out targeted mechanical activation, which allows increasing the dispersion of the material significantly, generating more soluble polymorphic modifications with the active destruction of the crystal lattice of the treated material to its full amorphization.

8

Authors: Bin Li, Jitong Wang, Yao-Dan Chi , Xiaotian Yang, Yiding Wang

A carbon dioxide detecting and controlling system has been experimentally established in a greenhouse located in northern China. The developed system consists of several major parts including wireless infrared gas sensor node, wireless receiver and CO2 concentration controller with pure CO2 cylinder. The wireless infrared gas sensor was developed for real time detection of CO2 which is essential for plant photosynthesis. Digitalized data of concentration can be received by the wireless receiver which connects to a laptop installed developed LabVIEW program. Ambient CO2 concentration can be controlled automatically by the concentration controller based on fuzzy PID algorithm. Experiments demonstrate that the stability fluctuation of detection results is less than 2.2%. The fluctuation of ambient CO2 concentration under automatic control is less than 60 ppm which proves good efficiency of the system. The proposed CO2 detecting and controlling system is suitable for precision management of key factors along with temperature,humidity and luminance in greenhouse for optimal production.

8

Authors: Wang Jinshuang, Li Hua , Yuan Jianbo, Ma Guang , Xiong Yongsen

Grain harvesting equipment completes cutting, threshing, cleaning and separation work simultaneously,but traditional single-speed all-feed axial-flow threshers cannot adapt to complicated work situations. We put forward a design approach for an all-feed axial-flow with a same-diameter differential-speed thresher to further reduce the grain-crushing rate and threshing loss rate when operating. We test for Xieyou No. 518 rice and obtain the distribution rule of grain mixture after threshed via experimental comparison of a differential-speed thresher versus a single-speed thresher. The results of this research show that the threshing effect of the differential-speed thresher is better than the single-speed thresher and that the first has a lower grain crushing rate and a lower threshing loss rate of 18.0% and 15.8%, respectively. We found this result by analyzing the grain threshed axial distribution, grain crushing rate and threshing loss rate. This study provides a new theoretical and structural reference for the study of separation devices for grain combine harvesters to adapt to the complex harvesting conditions in China.

8

Authors: Golub G.A., Kukharets S.M., Chuba V.V., Pavlenko M.Y., Yarosh Y.D.

It is determined the reactive power to provide hydro-mechanical rotation of the mixer in the process of biodiesel production. It is established that reactive power depends on the flow and pump speed, the density of the mixture of vegetable oil and potassium methylate, the sectional area of the injector nozzles and their number. It is obtained the value of the resistance moment of hydro mechanical mixer depending on the angular velocity and the maximum radius. It is developed the mathematical model of hydro-mechanical mixer rotation, which allows determining the dynamics of the angular velocity of hydro mechanical mixer rotation and its steady-state value.

8

Authors: Bulgakov V., Ivanovs S., Nadykto V., Kuvachоv V., Masalabov V.

On a turning strip of minimum width, a two-machine sowing aggregate can perform loop turns with a mode indicator close to the optimal, and loopless ones – with an indicator almost twice as large. Implementation of both types of turning of the aggregate, studied under optimum conditions, takes place on the turning strip the working width of which is greater than the calculated minimum and the multiple working width of the aggregate. The most efficient solution for the problem of making a turn of such an aggregate is the use of a coupling device that could automatically change the velocity of its movement on the turning strip, depending on the angular velocity of the tractor driven wheels turning.

9

Authors: Kvak V., Stefanovska T., Pidlisnyuk V., Alasmary Z., Kharytonov M.

Multi-year results of research of Miscanthus x giganteus cultivation in several parts of Ukrainian Forest-Steppe zone: western, central, and left parts are presented. The weather conditions at four research sites, based on the meteorological data for years 2011-2015 were analysed. Two subzones of unstable and insufficient rainfall distribution were selected. The influence of climatic conditions to Miscanthus x giganteus production was evaluated. The equation of the regression of yield dependence on hydrothermal coefficient and planting density was calculated. It was established that the indexes of environmental conditions in observed climate zones of Ukraine varied from - 0.41 to 0.29 conventional units. The proposed approach provided the opportunity to predict the yield and energy output of Miscanthus x giganteus when the data of planting density are known.

10

Authors: Herasymchuk Н.А., Baranovsky V. М., Herasymchuk О.О., Pastushenko A.S.

This paper researches the operation principle structure of a combined root digger that consists of two spherical disks and, above them, a horizontal shaft with cleaning blades. Mechanical and technological justification of structural and kinematic parameters and operating modes of combined digger was carried out based on the analysis of technological process of roots excavation. The dependence of digger operation on the condition of providing complete digging of the root crops is obtained. Deterministic mathematical models of the interaction between the cleaning blade and the root head provided no not dumping and non-damaging of root, were developed.

10

Authors: Aliev E.B., Bandura V.M., Pryshliak V.M., Yaropud V.M., Trukhanska O.O.

Modern theoretical researches on the mechanical and technological processes for agricultural industry can be summarized by analytical methods, which lead to the compilation of complex systems of differential equations with boundary and initial conditions. These systems practically cannot be solved by traditional methods, so there is a necessity in their numerical solution via computer modeling. The molecular dynamics method and discrete element method, both of them based on the conception of a discrete structure of a substance, are the most interesting ones among all existing modern computer modeling methods for the mechanical and technological processes of agricultural industry. The purpose of these researches is to carry out the numerical modeling for some mechanical and technological processes for agricultural industry using the Star CCM+ computer software. There have been provided the results of the numerical modeling in the Star CCM+ computer software of the following mechanical and technological processes: mixing of components in a stream-type mixer-feeder, distribution of the straw underlay by the rotor spreader for the non-leash cow maintenance, formation of the pseudo-liquefied seed layer in the hydro-pneumatic seeding machine’s intake chamber, transferring of the oil crops seeding material with the air stream power, functioning of the photoelectric seed separators executing mechanism, technological process of the seed separation on an inclined vibrating surface. The given results point about the wide area of implementation of the numerical modeling for theoretical researches of mechanical and technological processes for agronomical manufacturing industry.

10

Authors: Kobets A.S., Pugach A.M., Kharytonov M.M.

A geometric model and substantiated parameters of the surface of the cultivator sweep, equipped with local strengthening elements have been developed. The minimum inclination angle of the guide is 27 grd., which was taken into account when designing the sweep construction. The method of designing the cultivator sweep surface, including the formation of the guide curve, the construction of the frame surface, the determination of horizontal, frontal, profile sections and the construction of the scan, was developed. The limits for changing the cultivator sweep parameters with local reinforcement elements are determined.