Revista de Estudos da Linguagem

5-6

Authors: Luiz Carlos de Assis Rocha

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63-81

Authors: Lorenzo Vitral

This paper presents our proposal for the elaboration of a grammarhandbook of Brazilian Portuguese to be used in high schools.First, we make a historical presentation of the debate about therole of grammar in the process of learning/teaching of BrazilianPortuguese as maternal language. Secondly, we explain how ourgrammar is organized and how one can make good use of it.

107-133

Authors: Maria da Graça Costa Val

This article focuses on grammatical teaching and it claims that adiscursive approach of grammar in classroom is possible and usefulto favor students’ linguistic abilities development. At first, it presentsan overview of theoretical discussion and practical proposes foundin academic environments and in fundamental schools; finally itshows and discusses examples of exercises and activities whichconcerns both grammatical and textual-discursive knowledge oflanguage.

233-253

Authors: Maria Helena de Moura Neves

This article assesses the work with grammar at school according tothe grammatical approach used and according to the insertion ofthat approach in an understanding of the real functioning oflanguage. It is suggested, for instance, that the approach towardword classes should primarily take into account the level in whicheach class operates in the linguistic usage.

7-27

Authors: Carla Viana Coscarelli

Reading is usually seen as an activity without subdivisions. Withpsycholinguistics as a support, we will show in this paper thatreading can be split into many sub processes. Among them we canmention lexical processing, syntactic processing, construction oflocal coherence, construction of thematic coherence andconstruction of external coherence or integrative processing.Understanding these subdivisions of the reading process enablesus to identify the items that interfere positively or negatively in thisprocess, facilitating the reading task or making the reader’s workmore difficult. The information provided can indicate to the teacherthe abilities he should help develop in his students in order tomake them become good readers.

43-60

Authors: Robert de Beaugrande

In retrospect, perhaps the deepest issue in the evolution of textlinguistics was whether the concept of the ‘text’ would be adaptedand restricted to fit the conventional linguistics of the sentence, orwhether it would lead to a novel conception of linguistics itself.The second alternative has evidently won out through theestablishment of the text as a communicative event rather thanmerely a linguistic unit. A fundamental shift of perspective hasensued from formalism toward functionalism, raising the prospectof redesignating the field as a ‘text science’ that restores languageand text to the broader contexts of communication both withinscience and about science.

91-107

Authors: Thais Cristófaro- Silva

Este artigo discute o cancelamento de líquidas em encontros consonantaistautossilábicos no português brasileiro (PB). Esse fenômeno édenominado “redução de encontros consonantais tautossilábicos”. Naprimeira seção eu considero variações que ocorrem em onsets ramificadose procuro identificar motivações para a reducão de encontrosconsonantais tautossilábicos no PB. Nessa seção apresento ainda umarevisão da literatura sobre o tema e discuto a distribuição de encontrosconsonantais tautossilábicos em relação às vogais orais e nasais,ditongos e o acento tônico no PB. Na segunda seção são discutidas asconseqüências da redução de encontros consonantais tautossilábicospara a estrutura sonora do PB e eu procuro a maneira mais adequadapara abordar o fenômeno em análise. Na terceira seção eu sugiro que aredução de encontros consonantais tautossilábicos não pode ser plenamentecompreendida a não ser que a relação entre o léxico e o usodeste seja considerada. Meu objetivo é mostrar que a redução deencontros consonantais tautossilábicos pode ser mais bem analisadacomo um caso de difusão lexical. Eu sugiro que a separação de umitem lexical em duas formas distintas – como conseqüência delexicalização – é evidência para a difusão lexical. Outros casos de variaçãoe mudança sonora no PB corroboram essa proposta.

139-187

Authors: Maria Cândida Drumond Mendes Barros

The aim of this study is to identify the intellectual origins of theprayers in Tupi, published by the French clerics André Thevel andYves d’Evreux in the XVI and XVII centuries.

5-15

Authors: Willem Leo Wetzels

ln this paper we observe that 1ft! behaves in many respectsdifferently from Im,nI. Whereas Im,nl can be preceded by abranching rhyme, /fi/ cannot. When /fi/ occurs between the lasttwo vowels of a word that is at least trisyllabic, stress can never'skip' the prefinal syllable. On the other hand, when Im,nI occupythe onset of a word-final syllable, proparoxitonic stress does occur(ébano, ágamo). Also, lfi/ does not occur word-initially, in whichposition Im,nI are frequendy found. Furthermore, syllable structuretypically splits a Nli,ul/ sequence into two syllables before [,(] and[fi], but not before Im,nI. Finally, before the palatal nasal, allophonicnasalisation of a preceding unstressed vowel is obligatory, whereasallophonic nasal spreading does not affect unstressed vowels beforeIm,nI. We will show that all these facts are readily explained bythe hypothesis that the palatal sonorants of BP are gerninateconsonants at the lexical leveI.

51-71

Authors: Andréa Machado de Almeida Mattos

The aim of this paper is to present the theory of second languageacquisition based on the Universal Grammar (UG) Hypothesis. Atfirst, the main aspects related to the scope of the Generative Theoryare presented, introducing its main ideas. Then, the main points ofthe theory of second language acquisition based on the UG arepresented, considering some controversial issues and its basicproblems. Finally, the paper tries to critically discuss some of thetheory's obscure points, offering alternative solutions and opinions.

83-116

Authors: Vera Lucia de Albuquerque Sant'Anna

This article anaIyses interviews invoIving Brazilian and Argentinianentrepreneurs working within the "MercosuI" economic community.The anaIyses aimed at identifying the means whereby these businesspartners construct their concepts of trust in relation to each other. Byobservingthe strategies used in their spoken discourse, specificallythose of parentheses and paraphrases, in addition to identifyingthe process of conflicting discourse organization, it was possibIe todetect various intepretations for the meaning of trust. ln tum,contradictions were reveaIed between discourse organization whichought not to have been present in situation of confrontation in thefirst pIace. The world of "MercosuI" business exchanges, specificallythose invoIving Brazilians and Argentinians, has thus emerged as atarget of attacks which, in tum, ought to be the focus of concern ofthose responsibIe for politicaI and economic decision-making.

5-30

Authors: Leda Bisol

Clitics have received great attention in recent years. Articles dealingwith their syntactic or prosodic structure enrich the literature. Butthe question we are raising here is about where clitics take prosodicstatus. Is it in the lexical or in the postlexical component?We will argue that clitics are prosodized in the postlexicalcomponent. Arguments will be provided for the difference betweenthe prefix that belongs to the Phonological Word formed in thelexical component and the clitic that belongs to the Clitic Group.The most important evidence that supports the idea that the cliticdoes not belong to the phonological word comes from Elision, asandhi rule, that applies between words including clitics.

71-89

Authors: Sírio Possenti

This paper discusses the fundamental difference between pragmaticsand discourse analysis (French line) in relation to the metaenunciationor comments in the discourse about the discourse itself.This difference involves the concepts of “circumstances” and“production conditions”. It will be seen that both theories refer toeach other in a reductionist way and that certain facts could beunderstood better if the discourse analysis considered circumstantialaspects which, from this point of view, are relevant only for pragmatics.

109-162

Authors: Luiz Carlos Cagliari; Gladis Massini-Cagliari Massini- Cagliari

A study of the consonantal epenthesis in Portuguese, interpretedaccording to the Theory of Optimality framework, is presented inthis article. The featural nature of the epenthetic consonants isdefined, as well as the context of their occurrence. The implicationto the word derivational process is commented on. Consonantalepenthesis in Portuguese is in close relationship with sandhi andliaison processes.

5-22

Authors: Ilza Maria Tavares Gualberto

The aim of this text was to investigate how subjects with differentprevious knowledge (low, medium and high) constructmacropropositions in the reading of an informative text about athe history of “The Great Navigations”. In order to make themacroproposition construction clear, semantic macrorules by vanDIJK were used (1977). Through this work we tried to analyse theinfluence of previous knowledge on the semantic transformation –macrorules – made by the reader during the processs ofmacrostructure construction.

53-78

Authors: Hércules Tolêdo Corrêa

This study has the objective of verifying how university studentsunderstand the same newspaper text from the absence x presenceof different kinds of titles as well as questions previous to thereading. The starting point was the classification of the titles ascanonic and skewed: the first are those that carry the most importantinformation of the text, its main idea, working as a kind of summaryof the summary; the latter are those that promote information ofless importance to the category of the main idea of the text.A pre-experiment was carried out with the aim of verifying thehypothesis that a given title expressed the global macropropositionof a text, thus constituting a canonic title. After that an experimentwith seventy-five (75) students of the Language Course at a privatecollege in Belo Horizonte was undertaken with the objective ofverifying the extent of influence of the titles of different kinds andthe initial questions in the understanding, acting on the constructionof macropropositions and macrostructures.The results of the experiment showed that the titles and theinitial questions influence the construction of textual macrostructuresystematically, that leads to different interpretations of the same text.Canonic and skewed titles and the presence x absence of titles andinitial questions alter the interpretation of the same text in differentways.

97-114

Authors: Ida Lúcia Machado

Dans cet article nous proposons une approche discursive duphénomène parodique, à partir d’un corpus constitué par des petitesunités énonciatives, ou, en d’autres termes, par des titres de journauxet de périodiques français. En considérant que le titre, en général,est un énoncé qui pourrait entrer dans une zone propre à l’événement rapporté (Charaudeau, 1997), nous montrons que lemode de raisonnement de ces courts énoncés repose sur troispoints clés: la simplicité, la motivation et la dramatisation. Celanous permet d’approcher les procédés parodiques, en mettant enévidence des opérations qui visent le défigement d’ expressionsfigées (Fiala & Habert, 1989) et la “fabrication” de l’ironie. Finalement,nous examinons les effets recherchés par la parodisation de titresde presse, soit des effets comiques et des effets ludiques.

127-153

Authors: Thaïs Cristófaro Silva

This paper presents an analysis of the vocalic system of BrazilianPortuguese based on the method of Cardinal Vowels (Abercrombie(1967), Jones (1980)). First we present a basic description of theprinciples of the method of Cardinal Vowels since such a techniqueis not available in Portuguese. Following the theoretical descriptionwe present the application of the method to describe the oralvowel system of Brazilian Portuguese. Finally, we suggest sometopics for further research.