International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research

412 - 420

Authors: Zeynep Aydın Sünbül , Ferah Çekici

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of basic personality traits and attachment styles in predicting homesickness among first year college students. The study was conducted with 177 preparation class students who have moved to another city away from their family. Data was collected through ''Utrecht Homesickness Scale'' developed by Stroebe, Vliet, Hewstone, and Willis (2002), ''The Big Five Inventory'' by Benet-Martinez and John (1998) and ''Relationships Scales Questionnaire'' developed by Griffin & Barholomew (1994). Fearful and preoccupied attachment styles and neuroticism were found as significant predictors in explaining homesickness. Attachment styles and personality traits were found to explain 15% of variance in homesickness.

433 - 446

Authors: Murat Tuncer , Melih Dikmen , Ahmet Egemen Akmençe

The purpose of this study is to examine students' learning styles and their attitudes towards mobile learning. In this study, a screening model was used to describe the existing situation. In this context, research was conducted on 209 undergraduate students at Fırat University. To collect data, Kolb Learning Styles Inventory developed by Kolb and adapted to Turkish by Evin Gencel was used. The Mobile Learning Attitude scale developed by Demir and Akpınar was used to examine students' attitudes toward mobile learning. When the findings were examined, it was determined that 46.4% of the students had Assimilator, 25.8% of them Divergers, 14.8% of them Convergers and 12.9% of them had Accommodator learning style. The students with the highest attitude towards mobile learning were found to have a Converger learning style. It was determined that the students with the lowest attitudes towards mobile learning had a Diverger learning style. Among the important characteristics of the individuals with a Converger learning style are shown to prefer to work individually in learning activities. It can be said that individuals who have a Converger learning style are positively influenced by their attitudes toward mobile learning, because many applications on mobile learning platforms allow individual learning.

455 - 466

Authors: Mehmet Özberk

One of the most original voices of Russian immigrant literature, Vladimir Vladimirovich Nabokov composed “The Luzhin Defence” and in this Russian novel, the real and metaphysical life, genius and insanity, game and player encounter as on a chess plane. For Nabokov chess is a world apart from a mind game with rigid rules and unlimited possibilities of moves. The protagonist Luzhin, is totally closed to the outside world and faces inward. He frees up his inner world of moves he made in chess, and by this way, he accomplishes restlessness, oppression in own family and difficulty of life. In this wise, while in the abstract world he can control his own truth, he is completely defenseless in normal life, which is regarded as a dream. This paper aims to make an overall assessment on place the novel “The Luzhin Defence” in Russian immigrant literature and Nabokov’s perspective in game, music, abstract and concrete world, human nature and psychological death concepts.

483 - 500

Authors: Özlem Kurtoğlu Zorlu

The aim of this study is to investigate Turkish and English proverbs related to the concept of otherness to identify similarities and differences between these two languages and cultures. Proverbs including words related to the concept of otherness such as ‘başkası’, ‘el’, ‘eloğlu’, etc. in Turkish and ‘other(s)’ in English and proverbs including words about social relations are analyzed in terms of the point of view they reflect to understand who are considered as “others” in these cultures. Findings indicate that in Turkish idioms, words about others are more frequently used and others are reflected negatively. In Turkish proverbs, the poor, step-children, girls and daughters, women, people with disabilities, Gipsies, Kurds and non-muslims are considered as others. In English proverbs, Indians, Greeks and Frenchmen are obviously seen as others.

514 - 529

Authors: Merve Can Maraşlı

With the sense of nationalism as a 'cultural movement' based on the unity of common language, history, emotion, tradition, custom and geography in essence, nationalism has become an ideology that states use for unifying and integrating society. According to this understanding, the bond of citizenship and common living are taken as basis, not the race. Indeed, the establishment of the Republic of Turkey was realized as a result of such an idea. One of the examples of the movement of the Turkish nation in unity and integrity around various nationalist elements has been the coup attempt of July 15th. In this study, it was aimed to see how and in what way nationalist elements were used in the July 15th films prepared to emphasize the democratic system and the unity and integrity of the country after the failure of the coup attempt. As a sample, 'July 15th Documentary of Presidency' was handled and this documentary film was analyzed by content analysis method. It has been revealed how both the visual and audiovisual elements that make up the film overlap with the emphasis of nationalism and how it reproduces it. This work is important to see how nationalism is used in films prepared by the state as an ideology that provides for integration.

547 - 559

Authors: Sevim Güllü

Employee happiness is one of the current issues in the organizational behavior field. It is quite a new concept in Turkish literature, and there is no study examining the employee happiness at sports business in literature, which makes the study an original one. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between demographic variables and employees’ happiness levels at sports businesses. This study’s sample consisted of 115 employees who have worked at four different sports businesses in İstanbul. This study uses a screening model. In the first part of the study, the participants provided information for the demographical variables. In the second part, participants completed the Employee Happiness Scale (Hills and Argyle), which had been developed and used in a master thesis (Akdeniz, 2016). The reliability of this instrument was assessed for the current study. Percentage and frequency tests were held so as to determine the range of the participants’ personal information. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test was used to examine whether the data had a normal distribution. The test results showed that the data obtained from the scale did have a normal distribution (p<0.05). Therefore, an independent t-test for 2-variable data and a one-way variance test (ANOVA) for more than two variables were conducted. According to the data analysis, there were statistically no significant differences between participants’ happiness and specific variables such as gender, marital status, employment type (payroll employment, contract labor, part-time employment) and salary (p>0.05). In a review of employee happiness in terms of age, the participants at the age of 26 and older were observed to express more opinions (t=-2.486; p=0.014<0.050). In terms of education, the participants with high school degree were found to express fewer opinions when they were compared to the participants with associate, bachelor or master degree (t=-2.352; p=0.020<0.050). In this sense, the study shows parallels with the issues surrounding counterproductive behaviors, organizational aberration and organizational revenge, all of which refer to negative organizational behaviors. This is because some studies in the literature demonstrate that as age, educational status and employment position rise, the negative behaviors decrease, similar to the finding of the current study demonstrating that the greater age and educational status were, the higher the level of happiness employees had.

199 - 206

Authors: Zohaib Zahid , Mamuna Ghani

The language learners in Pakistan are required to get adequate knowledge of English language in order to strive for a better future. It has been investigated that in few parts of the world the learners are inclined towards their social identity, culture, tradition and values which sometimes hinder them to speak foreign language. It has been observed by the linguists that social identity is a cause of anxiety in second language learners in different parts of the world. Due to inclination towards their own language, the students become reluctant to use another language which ultimately makes them anxious and less proficient learners. This study has been conducted to investigate whether social identity is also a cause of anxiety in second language learning in Pakistan. The researchers have focused the main and core issues of identity which are stuck in the minds of the language learners when they learn English language.

230 - 244

Authors: Çağrı Utkan , Oğuzhan Kırdök

This study aims to adapt the four-dimensional Occupational Commitment Scale into Turkish, and to measure the adapted version’s validity and reliability. The study sample consisted of 525 teachers (59.7% females and 40.3% males) working at public schools at Çukurova, Adana. The data was collected from two different groups of teachers for confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis. The data was analyzed with SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 22.00 statistics programs. For the analysis results related to construct validity, it was shown that the model, consisting of 22 items and four dimensions, adapted well (x2=421.635, sd=200, x2/sd=2.108, NFI=.90, IFI=.95, CFI=.95, GFI=.87, RMR=.80, RMSEA=.64, SRMR=.06). The factor analysis results showed that the scale’s four dimensions explained 68.88% of the variance. The Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was .90, and the internal consistency coefficients related to the sub-dimensions were between .83 and .95. The study findings suggest that the Turkish adaption of the Occupational Commitment Scale is a valid and reliable assessment instrument.

252 - 274

Authors: Arif Furkan Mendi

In this analysis, firstly the history of tea is introduced. Then briefly overview of the economic and business environment in our country is done. The past and present conditions and dynamics of Turkish tea sector are summarized. Then, production, consumption, import and export of the tea is shown. Then from the economic aspects, the market is analyzed and the structure of the market is identified. Leading firm and the other firms' shares are explored and the competition in the market is measured. As an empirical study, price elasticity of demand in tea sector is investigated. Furthermore, financial position and success of ÇAYKUR is examined through ratio analysis. Lastly, interaction between market index and tea sales is studied by regression analysis. The results and discussion parts summarize the main results of the study in detail.

289 - 308

Authors: Merve Acar , Rafet Aktaş

This review of accounting education literature and content analysis includes 516 articles published over eight-year period, 2009-2016, in nine accounting journals which are pressed in worldwide and Turkey. The main purpose of this paper is to organize and summarize most recent focal points of accounting education literature. The data were examined via content analysis and presented using descriptive statistical methods. We categorized the literature into five sections corresponding to traditional lines of inquiry (curricular issues, learning and assessment, educational technology, issues about faculty and students). According to the results, "assurance of learning and assessment" and "curricular issues" were the topics mostly focused on in the articles. Also moving in the same direction with the dynamism of financial world; auditing, ethical issues and fraud gain more importance.

317 - 329

Authors: Erhan Akyazı

When the etymological roots of the word sport are examined, we encounter the definition of "a game involving physical exercises". In this sense, it is possible to say that sport started in B.C. 2000. In another definition, sport is the combination of all the body movements applied according to some rules, performed in the form of individual or collective competitions. According to this definition, it is possible to say that sport started with the olympic games in B.C. 776. Regardless of its description and history, sports have become a multi-billion-dollar industry today. In today's modern world, one of the activities that the sports industry must fulfill is to be in constant communication with its stakeholders. Many tools, which are generalized with the name of social media, make this task both easier and more effective. Social media tools have become increasingly similar to each other in recent times, but the features they offer can put them at the forefront. One of the most popular social media tools of today is Instagram, which first met its users in 2010. Scientific research shows that auditory and visual contents are more striking and more memorable. Therefore, the popularity of Instagram is not surprising. In this context, the study aims to examine how sports clubs use Instagram in the context of sports communication. There are 61 federations that are connected to the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Turkish Republic. Turkish Football Federation has an autonomous structure connected to the Ministry of Youth and Sports of Turkish Republic. There are currently 13 leagues connected to the Turkish Football Federation. The highest leveled one of these leagues is the Spor Toto Super League which has a large number of fans. Every sports club must be in contact with its stakeholders, especially its supporters. Because of the large number of supporters, the sample of the study was determined as the Instagram accounts of the football teams within the Spor Toto Super League.

344 - 358

Authors: F. Hülya Dikici

The purpose of this study is to explain the management aspects of the hotel management to the management of the customer relationship, works carried out and the present situation of the customer relationship management in the hotel business. For this purpose, the managers of the three stars and below hotels located in the city center of Isparta have been identified as the target audience. Based on the semi-structured interview technique with the target group, the customer relationship management of the hotels in Isparta was analyzed by descriptive and systematic analysis method. As a result of the analysis of the interviews, the hotel managers stated that the satisfaction of the hotel customers will create customer loyalty. As a result of the analysis of the interviews, the hotel managers stated that the satisfaction of the hotel customers will create customer loyalty. Managers have also stressed that customer satisfaction and loyalty together with the facilitation of the profitability and growth targets of the most basic purposes of the hotel enterprises are facilitated.

381 - 392

Authors: Masrul Hayati Kamarulzaman , Nurain Farahana Zainal Abidin , Siti Nur Shahira Dahari

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of how Customer Relationship Marketing Tactics (CRMTs) on customer loyalty in banking industry specifically the credit card users. Through data from credit card users of MBB and CIMB, we discuss five elements of CRMTs which are direct mail, preferential treatment, interpersonal communication, tangible rewards and membership and their influence on credit card users’ loyalty towards their main banks. The credit card industry in Malaysia has been shrinking since the intervention from Bank Negara Malaysia in 2009 which has led to greater competition among credit card issuers. One reason being, customers nowadays are not loyal to their providers as they tend to switch to other substitute services and to other banks. Therefore, to retain the customers, successful Relationship Marketing can be achieved by considering customers’ attitude towards their service provider through CRMTs. This will encourage both parties to appreciate the involvement in the relationship. This research findings’ support that all CRMTs have significant relationship with credit card users’ loyalty. Through multiple regressions, it was found that the most significance in contributing to credit card users’ loyalty was membership and direct mail. Therefore, the outcome of this research provides a guide for MBB and CIMB and also other financial institutions in charting strategic actions to maintain and retain their existing customers.

405 - 411

Authors: Siti Nur Shahira Dahari , Rosalie Hall

Potential effects of the Big Five personality traits of openness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, agreeableness and extraversion on academic Knowledge Acquisition activities and productivity were investigated in this study by utilising a large sample of academics from a Malaysian Public University. It contributes theoretically and empirically by demonstrating several effects of the Big Five on academic outcomes related to Knowledge Acquisition activities. The study also has practical significance based on its implications for university faculty members, providing suggestions for better understanding of how they might increase their success at Knowledge Acquisition activities. A quantitative method was used, resulting in useable data from N = 985 respondents. Following descriptive analysis, hypotheses testing were conducted using a structural equation modelling approach. When all five personality traits were considered together, only openness, extraversion and agreeableness significantly predicted KA. Further recommendations were made for this study by adding different theory such as Theory of Planned Behaviour, motivation or user satisfaction components relationships for expanding further research.

1-17

Authors: Tanju Deveci, Nader Ayish

A common refrain is that today’s youth lack empathy and are concerned mainly with their own well-being. Freshman university students, especially those involved with project-based courses, have been singled out for this behavior. Students, once put on teams, may be expected to acquire the essential interpersonal skills. However, the interplay between personal responsibility and interpersonal communication is complex. This study investigated 143 freshman students’ responsibility and interpersonal communication propensities in the UAE. Data were collected using two questionnaires. Results indicate that the students’ responsibility and interpersonal communication scores were at a moderate level, while the responsibility scores of students in the second level course were higher. However, the students in the first level course had a slightly higher interpersonal communication. Female students’ interpersonal communication scores were more varied than male students’. A weak positive correlation appeared between responsibility and interpersonal communication scores. Results are discussed, and recommendations are made as to how to increase students’ responsibility behaviors in courses that require the effective use of interpersonal communication skills.

24-31

Authors: Rumen Vasilev, Vesela Mareva

The analysis of the topic aims at presenting the authors point of view, supporting the process of training students and all those interested in the topic of the possibilities of deviating from criminal proceedings child offenders and the temporal aspect of action. The authors presents only a brief view of this extremely broad and important topic of law enforcement. The idea of ​​the authors is to familiarize students with the thesis of the social and legal significance of the movement (the time horizon of preparation and realization) of educational cases, as an element of particular importance for children offenders, in which society is particularly sensitive.

41-48

Authors: Talmeez Naqvi, Shaikh Abul Barkat

India’s economic growth cannot be conceived in isolation of its household and tiny level industry such as the Aligarh lock industry. It is more so as the growth of India’s petty industrial units has not at par with the over all, rather rapid economic growth of the country and the artisans engaged in the household and tiny level units have also not been equally benefitted with the consequential profits. The Muslims who constitute large number of artisan class have particularly been at a loss as they tend to excessively concentrate in the low-paying jobs, engage in artisanal sectors, or else serve as casual labour. Most of them are self-employed in low income artisan based works. Above all, they are educationally more backwards than their counterparts in other communities. Restrained further by over all security scenario all this goes to curtail their mobility. The present field based study that ascertains the status of Muslim artisans of Aligarh lock industry brings forth the fact that the artisans have been struggling hard for sustaining with the bare minimum of resources (income), yet aspiring to stick to the same hereditary profession. Availing of educational facilities is a far cry for them. Yet, they like to expose their children to formal education, even though it looks the least beneficial to them. This takes us to the next stage: how to improve their lot through educational means that could be geared to provide craft centred education to them all and educate them in the art of marketing their product, a more profitable step for raising levels of income.

61-67

Authors: Kıvanç Bozkuş

In this research, which was conducted to determine burnout experienced by teachers working at public schools in Kütahya, Turkey data collected from 386 teachers were analyzed. Results indicate that almost half of teachers experience burnout. Great amount of teachers feel tired at least occasionally. Female teachers feel tired more than their male counterparts. Male teachers feel trapped, worthless and unsuccessful more than their female colleagues. Teachers working at technical high schools experience burnout more than other teachers. Reduction of teacher workload, exploration of why teachers experience burnout and generating preventive measures from research findings were suggested.

81-95

Authors: Kemal Can, Şafak Uluçınar Sağır

Metacognitive, which is a high level awareness system in which cognition is controlled and assessed, is influential on individual problem-solving abilities and self-efficacy perception. This research was conducted to investigate the metacognitive learning strategies, self-efficacy perceptions and problem solving skills of classroom teachers in terms of different variables and to determine the relation between them. Correlational survey method was used in this research. The research universe consists of class teachers in Aksaray and the sample consists of 109 female and 108 male teachers working in primary schools in Aksaray province in 2016-2017 academic year. The data were collected by teacher self-efficacy scale, problem solving scale, metacognitive learning strategies scale and personal information form. According to the results of the research, it was determined that the level of metacognitive learning strategies, problem solving skills and self - efficacy perception level of the class teachers were high. There was no significant difference between metacognitive learning strategies and problem solving skills according to age, gender and professional experience characteristics. In addition, while the self-efficacy perception does not show any significant difference according to sex, it shows a significant difference according and professional experience groups. It has been determined that there is a positive and moderately significant relation between classroom teachers' metacognitive learning strategies, self-efficacy perception and problem solving skills. It has been suggested that classroom teachers' self-efficacy perceptions, metacognitive learning strategies and the studies' they will do to improve problem-solving skills may increase the quality of instruction.

110-137

Authors: Ferdi Kılıç, Salih Paşa Memişoğlu

"School Administrators' Leadership Qualification Scale", "School Effectiveness Scale" and School Culture Scale were applied to 364 teachers in 72 SAC in Turkey in 2016. It has been found that the perceptions of the teachers', administrators regarding the subordinate dimensions of leadership competencies are "Very adequate". It was observed that teachers found their institutions effective at perceptions of teachers about sub-dimensions of institutional effectiveness; "many" levels in the safe and regular environment subdimension, open school mission and goals, high expectations, learning opportunities and development monitoring, and "very" level in school family relationships and instructional leadership subdimensions. The perceptions of teachers about the sub-dimensions of corporate culture were found to be at the level of "I fully agree". Although there were significant differences between the perceptions of the teachers' administrators' leadership competencies and institutional effectiveness the variables of the teachers' occupational seniority status, the way they were assigned to SAC, and the way administrators were assigned to SAC, there was no significant difference between the gender and educational status variables. There were no significant differences between gender status, vocational seniority status, and education status variables, although there were significant differences between the perceptions of teachers about institutional culture and the way in which teachers were assigned to SAC and administrators were assigned to SAC.

150-164

Authors: Bayram Oğuz Aydın, Özlem Duğan

Purpose of this study is to determine self-efficacy on writing of undergraduate students in field of public relations. In order to realize the purpose of the study, data is collected thanks to questionnaire from 67 university students, who take public relations copywriting course in fall semester of 2017 at communication faculty of a university in the Southeastern Anatolia Region. For determining the self-efficacy levels of public relations students, average scores are used and the independent sample t-test is used to determine differences by gender. Collected results showed that perception level of public relations students on writing self-efficacy were above the average. It is determined that students' perception of composition skills was higher than grammar usage. Another result is that while there is no difference in the composition between genders, women are more likely to see themselves than men in grammar use.

185-198

Authors: M. Nezih Özmutaf, Ipek Aydin

Backround: Non-governmental organizations (NGO) are social organizations that guide the presentation of social services and play an effective role on legislative, implementation and controlling processes. There are NGOs related to health services such as professional rights and sustainability, quality of service delivery, follow-up and feasibility of technological developments. There are different practices in the scope of the effects of NGOs to the social structure among countries. Additionally, there are differences between developed and developing countries. These differences may be from the value that governments give to NGOs and their place in society There are a number of NGOs developed for different purposes in Turkey as well. However, NGOs are carrying out activities, which are beneficial for society; it is possible to say that there are aspects that need improvement in Turkey. Many NGOs have aimed to provide services for the benefit of society. It is very important that NGOs evaluate the effectiveness of the services that they are offering. The evaluation of these activities can also provide realistic results by obtaining the views of healthcare managers. Because healthcare managers can be directly affect to the decisions taken by the administrations in planning, implementation and supervision stages. The main aim of this study is evaluation of the effectiveness of NGOs in planning, implementation and controlling processes. Methods: The present study aimed to assess the perceptions of healthcare managers on adequacy of NGOs. The universe of the study is composed of the health managers working in İzmir province. 105 health managers were involved in the study. Questionnaire was developed to collect data and conducted on the internet. Data was obtained by administrating a structured-questionnaire consisting two parts. The main part of the survey was developed to assess the perceptions of healthcare managers on adequacy of NGOs. The items were rated on a five-point scale (5= strongly agree; 4=agree; 3=neither; 2=disagree; 1=strongly disagree). The last part inquired demographic questions. After scanning process, questionnaires which are eligible to be included in the analysis, were computerized. Statistical program was used for data analysis. Exploratory factor analysis was applied in the study to measure construct validity. The reliability (Cronbach's alpha) of the data which were intended for overall effectiveness of NGOs data set, and each effectiveness of NGOs subscale items were tested. Correlation analysis was conducted in order to determine the direction and strength of the relationships among the effectiveness of NGOs. Finally, stepwise regression analysis was conducted to determine the effects of independent variables on the dependent variable. Statistically, p value which was equal or less than 0,05 was accepted to be significant. Results: The obtained data were analyzed with the statistical analysis program and the findings were interpreted. As a result, explanatory factor analysis and internal reliability analyses were conducted to the scale. For the effectiveness of NGOs data set, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin illustration value realized as 0.93, 19 variables are formed under two factors and explained 83,33% of the variance. These factors are named as basic functions; and secondary functions. The reliability tests were conducted on data for internal consistency. The general Cronbach’s alpha is found 0.98 for effectiveness of NGOs data sets, over the recommended value of 0.70 for reliability analysis. In the study there is no significant difference was found between the answers given by the health managers according to the gender, job and type of NGOs. In order to analyze the relationship among dimensions of effectiveness of NGOs, correlation coefficient values were calculated. There was a significant positive correlation between the dimensions of effectiveness of NGOs. Regression analysis is applied to determine the importance of independent variables on dependent variables. It is found out that R square value in regression analyses is in the sufficient level for the researches made in social sciences. The regression analysis aims to determine the relative importance of effectiveness of NGOs dimensions on adequacy of NGOs. Using the stepwise method, it was found that the overall model explains 0.32 of the variation in effectiveness of NGOs (p<0.001 R2 = 0.32). The Beta coefficients are calculated and according to the regression analysis performed, it has determined that only basic functions has a significant effect on adequacy of NGOs. Conclusions: NGOs, one of the main indicators of democratic societies, need to work adequately and effectively. According to results, to ensure NGOs’ activities sufficiently should focus on basic function of NGOs rather than secondary functions. First of all employees wanted to ensure physiological and safety needs. Improvements to be made in the effectiveness of basic functions will also enhance the adequacy of NGO activities. This study takes a micro stand by focusing on the views of healthcare managers on the effectiveness of NGOs. It is limited by the region and it can be carried out in country wide.

1432 - 1451

Authors: Nurbek Khairmukhanmedov

After the collapse of Soviet Union and till to the present days the Republic of Kazakhstan has been ruled by the presidential system. The most important factor that distinguishes the presidential system from the authoritarian regimes is that the principle of separation of powers, and the possibility of this principle to imolement politically and legally. In Kazakhstan, the president has a power and status as an arbitrator among the all branches of power. Due to the strong veto and appointment competence the Constitution of Kazakhstan gives constitutional authority to the President to control all branches of power in spite of the fact that the principle separation of powers is constitutionally approved. Nonfunctional mechanism of check and balance system among the power branches, legislative function of the President are part of the structural problems of the presidential system in Kazakhstan. In this study analysed the historical development periods and structural challenges of presidential system of Kazakhstan. On the one hand, the presidential system of Kazakhstan have been taking a positive role in the period of nation-state building process, strengthen the independence, maintain the unitary sturcture of state. On the other hand, the structural problems of the presidential system in Kazakhstan are evaluated in terms of the principle of separation of powers, and have given a conclusion regarding to the constitutional system and the political regime.

1456 - 1462

Authors: Esra Tokat

Examining the architectural actions, Turcs that have founded many states throughout the history are observed to have maintained the transfer of their culture, which has been shaped with different dinamics such as regime, ethnic diversity, geography, religion and has followed a natural flow even though factors has changed from time to time, to the early 20th century. The 20th century of Turkish architecture has come to a point where it serves to the efforts of creating a new identity that has strayed from its natural line as a result of an ideological movement worldwide. Even though the movement that was expressed as the National Renaissance of Turkish architecture and demostrated its impact on public buildings during its period has later been called National Style, given its starting point, architectural components and referances, how accurate it is to be called national is open to debate. In this study, the First National Architectural Movement and the Second National Architectural Movement that have impact on the early 20th century particularly are dealt with in terms of identity issues and ideological approaches of Neo-Classical Architecture inTurkey.

1471 - 1477

Authors: Süleyman Aydın, Seda Keskin

In this study, a number of problem solving methods and problem solving strategies developed by the researcher in the teaching of "Geometric Optics" unit in the 10th grade physics lesson of secondary school were tried to be proved the effectiveness of the students on their academic achievement and attitudes towards optic unit. A mixed method was used in the study. The research was carried out on three groups formed by 95 tenth grade students studying at Erzincan Milli Egemenlik Anatolian High School during the spring semester of 2015-2016 academic year. For Experiment group 1, many problems were solved by traditional method, for experiment group 2, problem solving strategy and for control group, traditional expression method was used. Before and after Denel procedures, Physique Academic Achievement Test developed by Bülbül (2009) and Optical Attitude Scale developed by Şengören (2006) were applied to all three groups. In the analysis of the obtained data, independent t-test and ANOVA in the SPSS 20 package program were used. According to the results of the research, it is seen that the students in the experimental group 2, who were taught by the problem solving strategy, were statistically more successful than the students in the experimental group 1 who solved a large number of problems and the students in the control group in which they were taught by the traditional expression method.

1485 - 1493

Authors: Meltem Erol Dübastılar

Music takes place in every phases of a human life. The importance of music for human, comes from it’s multi-functions in different dimensions of individual and social life. People listen different styles of music during their life for relaxing or entertainment. There are lots of varriables that effects the musical preference. This study aims to identify the effect of education at the Music Education Branches of the Faculties on musical preferences, by determining the variations of the students musical choices. The researche, includes the first class students of Karadeniz Thecnical University Fatih Education Faculty Branch of Fine Arts of Music Department. The data is obtained by inquairy. By analysing the data, the effect of music education on musical preferences is discussed.

1507 - 1521

Authors: Erol İlhan, Adalet Görgülü Aydoğdu

The magazine press, which is developed with the spread of the understanding of the boulevard journalism, has been accepted as a reflection of popular culture all over the world today and has increased its effect on the media. With the gaining importance of magazines in the media, ethical issues have begun to be discussed intensively. While criticisms on standards, quality and accuracy of news have increased, the reasons such as interference in private life and privacy, relations with news sources, and rating-circulation concerns have significantly reduced the confidence in journalists. This has revealed ethical rules and concepts as well as subject of self-control in the press, and therefore in the magazine press. The purpose of this study is to reveal how the magazine news are interpreted and positioned by magazine journalists, by looking at magazine and ethics relationship from a different perspective. Depth interview method has been used in the study. In this scope, 13 magazine correspondents working in Ankara, Istanbul and Izmir were interviewed and the data obtained was evaluated.

1533 - 1545

Authors: Gonca Yıldırım, Seda Bayraktar

This study aimed to investigate the changes resulting from traumatic experiences such as diagnosis of organ failure and waiting for organ transplant. The study was conducted on 100 patients waiting for life-saving organ transplants. The data collection tools included Semi-structured Interview Form, PTS Symptom Scale, Stress Coping Styles Scale, and Death Anxiety Scale. The mean PTS symptom score of patients was 1.728±0.499, death anxiety 8.630±1.988, and general stress-coping style 1.681±0.255. The mean PTS symptom level of patients on the transplant list differed significantly from other variables related to disease and the treatment. Our findings suggest that mental and social support is vital in the process of organ transplant.

1561 - 1580

Authors: Songül Aydın Yağcıoğlu

Hüsn ü Aşk is a work that Galib has received with the claim of "creating a new way, creating a new style". Works by subject; Sufi love describes the troubles in the way of attaining divine love. Allegorical narration has been taken as a basis in the work that resulted in wahdat. Hüsn ü Aşk, which resembles mesneviler which is written before himself with these characteristics, is the place of poetry and art value before everything else. With these customs, Hüsn ü Aşk holds Galib's claim of a "new style". So much so that the nazires written in Hüsn ü Aşk proves it. In this work to be done, Hüsn ü Aşk and the texts written as nazire or written as nazire will be compared in terms of shape and content considering the date, poet, period of writing. Thus, how Hüsn ü Aşk, the ground poetry, affected the other texts in terms of subject and art value, and the poem and art value of Hüsn ü Aşk will be determined.

1593 - 1605

Authors: Tuba Derya Başkan

Accounting standards use a common accounting language in the international arena, to increase the transparency of records, institutionalism has emerged in the accounting world as a result of crises occurring in order to facilitate and ensure the availability on. After the large accounting crisis in many European countries, especially America has made various arrangements. The accounting standards are made in order to create one of the editing world in a common accounting language. These facts are also used within the framework of our country since 1994 The Uniform Accounting System and Accounting Standards harmonization efforts emerges as a problem of today's accountant. At this stage, the purpose of our work on the uniform accounting system (UAS) Inventories and accounts group of Turkish Accounting Standards (TMS) - 2 Inventories application of the standard, explaining the use is collected in the form of intervening to identify the differences and advantages and disadvantages. Inventories account for this study group UAS and TMS-2 is elucidated differences are examined according to the examples according to the embodiment of use. In conclusion TMS-2 Inventories advantages and disadvantages brought by the standard were determined. The study also emerged the most important differences inventories maturity difference, not given the differences and exchange rate differences arising from interest on loans to inventory costs, expensed the difference emerged, differences in the choice of costing methods, inventories seen in impairment valuation and value have been identified as differences. The inventories standards in the financial condition of the company to reflect are among the more important advantages of the recording. A conclusion with the operation of Turkish Accounting Standards (TMS) - 2 Inventories of applications and the use of standard explained uniform will be attempted to be determined with the help of accounting system with examples of the differences and make efforts to contribute to the literature.

1616 - 1629

Authors: Ahmet Uçar

Special Provincial Administrations are the local public agencies that have about 150 year background. For first time, they are included Turkish administration system with the 1864 Provincial Regulation by adopting French Provincial System as a model. These agencies which continued their activities based on the regulations up to 1913 obtained the status of public legal personality with the enactment of the law called The Law of Temporary Special Provincial Administration with date 1913, however, they were quite functional in their early period, they lost their functionality after 1950s. These agencies, particularly in the villages and rural areas where there aren’t municipalities, have been providing economic, commercial, social and agricultural services needed by local people. Therefore, it can be said that Special Provincial Administrations, which were non-functional before the new law 5302 was enacted, both adopted to implement strategic plan and were transformed more active and functional. Thus, in this context, in the paper, first Special Provincial Administrations, strategic management and plans will be explained in theory, then some of selected Special Provincial Administrations’ strategic plans will be studied in detail, finally, by determining the goals established for the rural areas development in these plans, it will be anlysed how Special Provincial Administrations became active and functional after the new law 5302 had entered into in force.

1643 - 1656

Authors: Fatma Taştan Akdağ, Tohit Güneş

This study was conducted to find out the assessments of teachers and students about STEM applications in the teaching of the energy unit. The study was conducted with a total of 30 students studying in 9th grade of a Science High School in the city center of Samsun. Two different forms were used for the assessment of 6-week-long STEM applications within the context of physics lesson by teachers and students. The data obtained were used through content analysis method. When the data obtained were assessed, it was found that STEM applications within the context of Energy unit contributed to students’ learning. It was found that students used their knowledge more actively within the process of STEM applications. In addition, the greatest negative aspect was found as the application process being limited to class hours. It was concluded that conducting the application on different units and in a larger period of time can be more useful.

1670 - 1682

Authors: Orhan Kaya, Nihal Mamatoğlu

The purpose of this study is to explore relationships between social identity, social justice perception and collective action. For this purpose, data were obtained from 265 females and 242 males in total 505 individuals who studied at eight universities selected by easy sampling method from seven regions of Turkey. The age range of participants is 18-32. The findings of the research showed that there are negative relationships between the sense of social justice and collective action and its sub-dimensions. It was found that the social justice perception of the participants whose prior identity is student, is positive. On the other hand participants who define themselves with political arguments have negative perception on social justice. The participants whose prior identity is Kurdish activist have tendency to participate in all kinds of collective actions either actions put legal responsibility on individuals or not. On the other side, it was found that, the individuals identify themselves as student and environmentalist have stood away from all kinds of actions. Furthermore the results revealed that individuals who priory define themselves as Kemalist, conservative and patriot have not any tendency to take collective actions that put legal responsibility on individuals. Finally, individuals who define themselves religious tend to participate actions that do not put legal responsibility on individuals.

1700 - 1714

Authors: Ömer Demir

Metaphor is used in order to explain the meaning except from the meaning that a word, view, fact, case or concept is accepted or to get different meanings. Metaphor is directly related to generate a philosophical view and to the logic as it is an art of language. In this sense, metaphor is an explanation method that it is applied in most of scientific fields. The field of religion and morals that the abstract subjects are mostly included is a field that the simile and symbols are densely used. Metaphors are used to explain the faith, view and emotions in the education and to express the mutual communication and oneself. In the research, the necessity and importance of metaphors’ usage in the field of religious education have been focused and the subject has been considered in sampling the teaching candidates’ perception on environment. The research is an output of lesson on Environment and Religious Education that the senior students in The Department of Religious Culture and Morals Knowledge ERCMK Teaching from Bayburt University had it in 2016-2017 education year’s spring term. The students were asked to answer the same question individually. The research data was obtained from the answers that the students gave to the statements “ Environment is…in terms of religious education. It is like…….Because….”. The phenomenology design was used in the research and the data was analyzed with the content analysis technique. The findings which were obtained were categorized by the conceptual relations and they were assessed under the similar titles.

1731 - 1745

Authors: Leman İnanç , Merih Altıntaş, Tülay Barış

Aim of this research is to examine the relationship between parental attitudes in raising children and personality types. This research conducted with 500 volunteer parents whom have kids in randomly selected private preschools in İstanbul. The research data were collected using the "International Personality Inventory Short Version" and the "Parent Attitude Scale" and the data were analyzed by Descriptive Statistical Methods (Frequency, Percent, Average, Standard deviation) and Pearson Regression analysis with SPSS 23.0 package program. As the result of the research following were found; parents with democratic parental attitude were positively correlated with extraversion, docility, conscientiousness, openness to experience personality traits; and negatively correlated with hostility, disorganization, emotional instability and being closed to new ideas personality traits. Parents with authoritarian parental attitude were positively correlated with introversion, hostility, disorganization, emotinal instability, being closed to new ideas personality traits; and negatively correlated with extraversion, docility, conscientiousness, openness to experience personality traits. Parents with overprotective parental attitude positively correlated with conscientiousness, emotional instability, and openness to experience personality traits; and negatively correlated with disorganization and being closed to new ideas personality traits. Lastly parents with permissive parental attitude positively correlated with hostility, disorganization and emotional instability personality traits

1758 - 1764

Authors: Nilay Erdem Ayyıldız

The French Revolution (1789), fostering the thought of freedom and individuality, had an undeniable effect on the Romanticists. And poetry enabled most of them to express their sense of rebellion in an aesthetic manner. Among the enthusiastic supporters of the French Revolution in its early stages was the Romantic poet Percy Byssche Shelley (1792-1822). The aim of the study is to explore the rebellious nature of Romanticism which is very well reflected within Romantic aestheticism in Shelley’s “Ozymandias” (1817), “Ode to the West Wind” (1819), and “To a Skylark” (1820). For this, the study will refer primarily to Shelley’s own essay “A Defence of Poetry.”

1774 - 1786

Authors: Canan Sancar, Ahmet Uğur, Yusuf Ekrem Akbaş

In this study, whether there is a relationship between the stock prices in Turkey and the macroeconomic variables for the period between 2000M1-2016M12 was analysed. For the analysis, unit root and co-integration tests that take structural breaks into account were used. As a result of the unit root test, all series were found to be I(1). As a result of the co-integration test, it was determined that there is a long-term relationship among the series. Finally, as a result of the FMOLS and DOLS tests, a positive and significant relationship from M1, consumer prices index, industrial production index towards stock prices was found while the relationship from foreign currency towards stock prices was found to be negative but still significant.

1797 - 1810

Authors: Merih Altıntaş, Utku Özgen

Aim of this research is to examine the effects of personality trait on eating behaviors. This research conducted with 420 students from various majors and classes in İstanbul Gelisim University, Faculty of Administrative Economics and Social Sciences. The research data were collected using the "International Personality Inventory Short Version" and the "Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire" and the data were analyzed by Descriptive Statistical Methods (Frequency, Percent, Average, Standard deviation) and Linear Regression analysis with SPSS 23.0 package program. The results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval, p <0.05 significance level. As the result of the research following were found; “introversion”, “emotional imbalance”, and “being closed to new ideas” personality traits predicted emotional eating behavior by 18.7%, “conscientiousness” personality trait predicted restrained eating behavior by 5.5%, and “extraversion”, “emotional imbalance”, “openness to experience”, and “being closed to new ideas” personality traits predicted external eating behavior by 6.3%. The results show that multidisciplinary approaches should be carefully considered in order to reveal the psychological and subjective aspects of the influence of personality on eating behavior which is both biological and social behavior.

1823 - 1831

Authors: Yalçın Kayalı

Known as one of the most important names in classical Sanskrit literature, Kālidāsa lived during the Gupta Empire in the 4th century AD. Kālidāsa not only influenced Indian literature, but also world literature. Kālidāsa is made to adhere to India's Shakespeare. He has received his works in the Sanskrit language. Subject to my work, Ritusamhāra is one of his poetic works of youth. It carries the traces of Indian literary tradition of Kāvya. The work consists of a total of six sections, one hundred and forty-four slokas and each a season name. This work, which has not yet been transmitted to Turkish, carries considerable traces of both the pastoral and lyric world of India.

1842 - 1850

Authors: Ruhan Güçlü

This study examines the Albanian and Bodo languages in regard to the morphological processes in adverb formation and the aim is to reveal the similarities and differences between these languages in regard to the type of the word before formation such as a)noun, b)adjective, c)pronoun, d)number, e)verb, f)adverb and the type of morphological processes in the formation such as a)prefixation, b)suffixation, c)compounding, d)reduplication. To achieve this, the contrastive analysis (CA) is applied which is composed of three steps as (1) description; (2) juxtaposition; (3) comparison (Krzeszowski 1990: 35). This contrastive study shows that these languages share lesser degree of similarities and more of differences in regard to both the type of the word in the pre-formation form and the type of the morphological process in the adverb formation process. In regard to the type of the word in the pre-formation as an adverb, it is found that Albanian and Bodo languages have both common points and differences in terms of the noun and adjective category, however they totally differ from each other in terms of numeral, pronoun and verb categories. As for the morphological processes realized in the adverb formation in Albanian and Bodo languages, both languages have prefixation, suffixation and compounding processes. However, Albanian language has also reduplication in the adverb formation while Bodo has not. As CA provides better understanding of linguistic difference between two languages, this study may be applied to the field of translation and might help the learners of Albanian and Bodo languages.

1868 - 1880

Authors: Barış Aksoy, Selahattin Koç, Derviş Boztosun

In this study compares the statistics of judicial proceedings in Turkey between 2006 and 2015 and with data of the year 2017 the mediation statistics. In Turkey, 53% of the disputes reached resolve by mediation are resolved in less than a day. In Turkey, 40% of the disputes resolved by mediation are resolved in one day, 3% in between one day and one week, and 4% for more than a week. In 2017, mediation practices resulted in an agreement of 13093 (93%) out of 14139 files. This result shows how successful mediation practices are in dispute resolution.

1892 - 1903

Authors: Necla Turanlı , Ayşe Kıran , Ali Haydar Eş , Meltem Coşkun

The scope of the research is the mathematics questions that are asked to solve in examinations that are PISA, TIMSS and TEOG. This research is assess the intelligibility of the questions in each of the examinations from mathematical point of view. This is an accomplished by comparing these examinations: ones in foreign languages their Turkish translations and Turkish examination. For this purpose, PISA and TIMSS examinations in English and Turkish languages are described in terms of comprehensibility by matching questions. Translated and/or adapted from English to Turkish of PISA questions has been determined as correct and clear. In TIMSS questions that are translated and/or adapted from English to Turkish, incomprehensibility which prevents the understanding of the problem was not found.

1917 - 1927

Authors: Eda Beydili Gürbüz , İlkay Başak Adıgüzel , Sinan Akçay

Social work research aims to improve social work knowledge and to enhance social work practices. Research based practice makes practices easy to to find solutions to the problems of people. Thanks to researches people needs are defined services can be developed. Within this purpose almost all social work departments of univesities provide social work research education both practically and theoretically. Research education in Hacettepe University FEAS Social Work Department is provided theorical and practical for a year. The main purpose of this research is exploring the process which is experienced by the students during the research. According to this main purpose qualitative method was used. The data was gained with structured interview form from students of Hacettepe University Social Work Department and analyzed with MAXQDA 12. The research results were discussed within the themes

1068 - 1081

Authors: Vasileios Zagkotas, Ioannis Fykaris

In every aspect of everyday teaching process, the teacher is called to make decisions which determine the achievement of predetermined objectives. Every such decisions shall be taken considering a number of preconditions, as a part of a rational approach. Since teaching is a dynamic process in which every action can alter the expected outcome, any decision involves small or large “risk” rate. The current survey firstly tries to give a theoretical context of “didactic risk” based both on data from other scientific fields and on assumptions about planning the teaching procedure. Secondly, it examines the views of Greek teachers about what they think to be “risk in teaching process’.

1090 - 1103

Authors: Safana Aseri

Within last decade there has been a push for use of ICT based education tools across all levels. However, there has been a lack of research on how ICT interventions affect students’ ability to learn. For young children the focus need to be on improving experience of learning and boosting their learning skills. This paper looks at how ICT intervention affect Saudi preschool school children’s experience of learning English as Foreign Language (EFL). Data was collected using English test scores and student observation. Findings of this paper indicate that ICT can be useful in teaching EFL but it need to be used keeping in mind the abilities of the students.

1112 - 1119

Authors: Nurgül Yıldırım

The main reason for the campaigns, battles and massacres organized by Assyrian kings for conquering Anatolia or at least taking the region under control has been thought to be the raw materials resources in Anatolia and the convenience of sea and land connections through which these raw material resources could be transferred. As of the beginning of 2000 BC, the policy followed by Assyria, which had been started with the commercial relations with Anatolia and in the period of Assyrian Commercial Colonies when mining reserves of Anatolia largely carried to Assyria, continued in a straight line without impeding the trade performed upon the consent of Anatolian kings. Being home to establishments that were politically, economically and socio-culturally different, and losing its civilization level with the increase of mass movements, Anatolia was ruled by small or large kingdoms which tried to exhibit Hittite characteristics in 1000 BC. In this period, Assyria that gradually gained power and tried to expand with the policy of western expansionism turned its face towards Anatolia once again to dominate on the path from being a kingdom to becoming an empire and to make this permanent. Accordingly, Assyrian kings left permanent marks on the lands they conquered during the campaigns to Anatolia. It was aimed in this study to shed light on the triumphal columns left by Assyrian kings in Anatolia after the successful campaigns by means of both philological sources and archeological finds.

1130 - 1139

Authors: Christodoulos Faniopoulos, Ioannis Fykaris

In this presentation appears a Greek proposal for the function of the timetable in small rural primary school in Greece and particularly in the Primary Education in the area of Pella- north area of Greece. In this proposal we talk about the need for building assemblies for the determination of the timetable of the “ENSRPV”. We appear basic principles, requirements & structures for the timetable reform of multiage primary schools. Main fields of timetable reform in multigrade schools 1st field: "Establishment of Team Teaching". Also we discus a) The difficulty of covering the teaching hours of teachers, who work in “ENSRPV”. b) The lack of adequate teaching rooms for the simultaneous implementation of different subjects. For all of the above, we provide specific innovative proposals for the best way of running these schools.

1147 - 1154

Authors: Çiçek Coşkun

There is a strong relationship between the social type concept in sociology and cinema. We can see representations of various social types in cinema films. Aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the social type concept in sociology and origins of social types in classically narrated Turkish films. After a general introduction, social type concept in sociology will be discussed first. Second, classical narrative structure will be examined. Then, we will examine character and type in cinema films. Finally, we will examine origins of social types in Turkish cinema.

1164 - 1177

Authors: Vesile Özçifçi

In this study, it was attempted to determine which brand equity element is more effective regarding the mobile phone purchase of university students. Brand equity is defined in three dimensions which are brand awareness, perceived quality and brand loyalty. Data was collected by 1190 subjects studying at the faculties of Aksaray University. The data was tested by Structural Equation Modeling. As a result of the research, it was found that brand awareness affects perceived quality, but it does not affect the brand loyalty and overall brand value. Perceived quality affects brand loyalty and overall brand value, while the brand loyalty affects the overall brand value. Furthermore, it was found that overall brand value affects purchase intention.

1184 - 1193

Authors: M. Engin Sanal

The union organization of the security forces constitutes an exceptional issue in the world. In general, international contracts liberalize the countries in domestic law regimes. For the security personnel, all the service classes working in the security organization and all private security officers working in the public institutions should be taken under the scope of the union organizing prohibition by going out of the field which the international contracts have left to the domestic law regimes and they should not be harmful to the right of trade union organization which is one of the indispensable requirements of the democratic society order in Turkey. As a matter of fact, the Constitutional Court has canceled a part of the legal regulation in contradiction with the Constitution.

1200 - 1215

Authors: Erhan Türeli, Nesrin Şalvarcı Türeli

As vocational education gains importance in Turkey day by day, the number of vocational schools are also increased. It is important for the society and economy to train determined and single minded students in these schools where a huge amount of sources are transferred to. As employment opportunities for both public and private sectors are diminished significantly, supporting the graduates of these schools for setting up their own businesses is now on the agenda of the country. This study is designed to determine if young students of traditional handcrafts department of vocational schools have tendencies to be entrepreneurs when they are graduated. The study involves the students of Traditional Handicrafts Department of Süleyman Demirel University. A questionnaire about entrepreneurship tendency has been conducted to the students and results have been evaluated by analyzing the data using SPSS software.

1233 - 1244

Authors: Serhan Koyuncu, Burak Medin

The public diplomacy is one of the most important international instruments. Especially after the Second World War, public diplomacy began to be emphasized. New communication technologies in public diplomacy are being used effectively. Public diplomacy involves both traditional media, electronic media, and digital media. It is seen that digital media in the public diplomacy of the 21st century is preferred both by traditional and electronic media because it allows both rapid and mutual communication. TIKA, YTB and Kızılay; Turkey's public diplomacy in the field of important institutions and organizations. This study also examines how TİKA, YTB and Kızılay use Facebook and Twitter in the context of public diplomacy.

1258 - 1273

Authors: Nurdan Özarallı

The purpose of this study is to examine those factors which lead to job engagement- a positive mood- to emerge as a motivational process. We aimed to investigate the relationships among structural empowerment, organizational identification and goal internalization which, we assumed, would predict job engagement. Data were collected from a sample of 260 MBA students. The provision of structural empowerment practices, namely opportunity, support, information, having access to resources, formal and informal power were shown to increase the employees’ sense of belongingness to and identifying with their organizations, which, in turn, led to increased levels of goal internalization and a high desire to focus their energies to reach the goals. As a result of compatible organizational and individual goals, employees’ job engagement increased. The overall results of our study emphasizes the importance of providing effective work conditions.

1296 - 1307

Authors: Songül Omur, Adalet Görgülü Aydoğdu

Different methods that enable the determination of the reactions given by the people against different stimulants were developed together with the improvement in technology. Being one of these methods, Eye-Tracking technique made analyses on the eye movements of the people possible. Eye-tracking technique is also used in the communication field where visual products such as web design, advertisement and cinema are presented in order to affect the consumers. Data acquired from the reactions given by the consumer to any stimulant are taken into consideration in various phases such as product production, promotion, distribution and presentation. In that sense, the eye tracking method helps us acquire important findings in the studies conducted in the field of communication. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the field by conceptually analyzing how the eye tracking method is used in the communication studies.

1324 - 1332

Authors: Şenay Kaygın

Arthur Schnitzler, the significant Austrian literature writer, is also one of the well-known representatives of impressionist era. The novel Lieutenant Gustl (Leutnant Gustl) has taken its place in world literature history as being the first sample in which he applied the internal monologue (Der innere Monolog) technique for the first time in German Literature. Arthur Schnitzler took medical education and besides his medical practice as a doctor he closely dealt with literature and used the experiences he got from his psychoanalysis and psychology studies in his works of art prominently. He frequently used inner monologues for analysing moods of the novel characters he created and it is seen that he used this technique in most of his works of art. Besides of this, he dealt with the topics such as social statues, retrogression in bourgeois life and created extraordinary characters. In the present study, Gustl, a character from the novel Leutnant Gustl (Lieutenant Gustl) will be analysed as a dominant figure and social prototype in the frame of various examples.

1352 - 1363

Authors: Erhan Akyazı, Tolga Kara

The population over middle age is increasingly interested in the internet. Nevertheless, a number of simple rules and practices to easily performing activities in this environment, do not seem to be very difficult for page designers. This study will examine internet news sites, the source of acquiring news, which is the most common use of the internet, in terms of senior friendly design criteria. In this context, this study will share the comparative analysis of the top ten newspapers reaching the highest circulation in the national press of Turkey, based on the criteria in the “Making Your Website Senior Friendly” document published on the website of the National Institute on Aging. This work was supported by Research Fund of the Marmara University. Project Number: SOS-D-070317-0125

1381 - 1393

Authors: Aytul Çolak

ILO has accepted the Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention in 1952. Convention No.102 as the fundamental social security Convention embodies an internationally accepted definition of the very principle of social security. According to the Convention 102, part IV,”Each Member for which this Part of this Convention is in force shall secure to the persons protected the provision of unemployment benefit in accordance with the following Articles of this Part”. In Turkey, unemployment insurance based on mandatory attendance and insurance technique was established as a branch of the social security system by the state with the Law of Unemployment Insurance, the law no. 4447, in 1999. According to the Law, the insurance is based on the compulsory contributions of employer, employee and the state. Unemployment benefits are paid to insured workers, who lost their jobs against their will. This paper investigates the evolution of unemployment insurance and unemployment insurance programme is analyzed in the context of its coverage and the benefits it provides.

1404 - 1417

Authors: Nurettin Güz, Ceren Yegen, Hayrullah Yanık

New media tools and platforms play an important role in getting news and information for individuals. Internet as new media tool, and internet based platforms have a great importance of being aware of many issues and activities that interest individuals. Taking the vast majority of population has access to the internet into consideration in Turkey today, it can be better understood how the Internet has a great importance in terms of getting news and information. In parallel, the role of the new media in the getting of information and news by different education, age, income, and occupational groups is significant. In this study, the role of new media tools in getting information and news are examined in a case study of Muş Province. In the study, the role of the new media in getting information and news is first discussed theoretically, and then data obtained from field study conducted with university students and various professional groups is analyzed and included.