International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

5

Authors: Chaya H, Manjula K, Mahamad Yunus S Nabooji and Prakash B Shivapur

Thyroid problems are among the most common endocrine disorders presently seen worldwide.Thyroid hormone regulates the metabolic action of the body. Improper secretion of thyroid hormones by thyroid gland leads to thyroid disorders. Gandamala being one such disease having an eagle sight, one can conclude out that how modern era is influencing both body & mind status of the individual. Based on clinical features of Gandamala can be considered as thyroid disorder and is one among the mamsapradoshaja vikara. Hence in this study an attempt is made the observation of thyroid hormone changes in Gandamala. After the study it was observed that, T3 and FT3 were found raised in the clinically diagnosed cases of Gandamala. Thyroid function test with raised T3, FT3 and normal T4, TSH, FT4 can be considered as supportive diagnostic tool for Gandamala.

5

Authors: Rajrajeshwari Kashyap, Swati Bedekar

The Asana is traditionally defined as a “comfortable seat”. Asana can be used to refer mostly to the physical processes involved in Yoga, butit is most commonly used to describe a single pose or position. When the Asanas practiced regularly, the body stays healthy, flexible, strong and tough. Asanas helps to tone the body and provide strength and flexibility. There are many types of Asanas. TheShalabhasana is one of the best yoga Asanas for strengthening the muscles of back region. It is also known as The Locust Pose. The back muscles movements like shrugging or rotation of shoulder as in swimming, rowing, climbing, pulling, folding the arm behind back etc. Shalabhasan helps in these movements.

6

Authors: Atal Singh Kushwaha, Rajeev Shrivastav and Nitin Ujjaliya

This article reviews the approaches for bridging classical Ayurveda facts with clinical diagnosis. In doing so author extracted some useful concepts from the classics and tried to corelate them and apply them in clinical practice. Now a days new young graduates seems under confident and does not showing much interest in practicing Ayurveda for the society. This concept of tri sutra and its clinical relevance can play an important role in enhancing their faith and interest in practice, for that tri sutra concept i.e the unite of hetu linga and aushadha with knowledge of sroto-vigyan can be made clear and understood with their clinical applicability. Ayurveda science operates through tri skandh for both diseased and healthy persons. Unlike western medicines Ayurveda doesn’t deals in a standardized way or on a common note rather its person centered medicine science (purusham purusham bheekshy). Hence a soul ayurvedic understanding of a disease needs to be understood with its clinical correlation.

7

Authors: Ambika S, Paul Wilson Parathuvayalil and Gazala hussain

Bhaishajya Ratnavali is a compiled book of Ayurveda pharmaceutics that is from Chakradutta, Rasendra Sara Sangraha, Charaka Samhita, etc. Bhaishajya Ratnavali is the most popular reference book among the practitioners and students of Ayurveda. In this book Utpatti (Origin), Bheda (Types), Guna (Properties), Shodhana (Purification), Marana (Incineration) of Maharasa, Uparasa, Sadharana rasa, Ratna (Precious stones), Uparatna (Semi precious stones), Visha, Upavisha (Poisonous drugs) are explained. Paribhasha (Definitions), the concept of bhavana (Tricturation) and murchana (Special processing of raw oil or ghee) is also explained in this book. Line of treatment, yoga (Formulations), pathya (wholesome food) and apathya (unwholesome food) for each disease are also mentioned.

8

Authors: Susanta Kumar Barika, Shankar Saradagi2 , Suryanarayana Mudadla3 and Radhika Injamuri

Hemiparesis is the condition in which the muscle weakness or partial paralysis occurs on one side of the body that can affect the arms, legs and facial muscles. It may be seen either on left side or right side of the body. The severe form of hemiparesis is called hemiplegia. It means half-part of the body becomes weak and is unable to perform the daily living activities. It is mostly seen as stroke, arterial ischemic stroke contributes 80% of the cases among the strokes. The reported incidence rates are 3-8 per 10000 children per year and most of the between 1 to 5 years of age get affected with the hemiparesis due to in an increased incidence of infection at this age. If it is not treated properly, then there may be chance of limping gait, painful shoulder, contractures, sympathetic–reflex dystrophy, fracture, thalamic pain. Hemiparesis can be correlated with the Ayurvedic concept of Pakshaghata, which is a Vataja Nanatmaja Vyadhi. Here a case of 8yr old male child from rural area of Bellary district, Karnataka, India, had come to our hospital with unable to walk properly, weakness in right side of the body, involuntary movements in right upper limb and associated with unable to sit in squatting position. This condition was understood according to Ayurveda and treatment was planned like pakshaghata chikitsakrama which includes snehana, swedana and vasti for 8days along with some internal medication, then the child got recovered from weakness without any residual weakness within few weeks .Hence an attempt has been made to explore this case.

8

Authors: Rashmi Kalkura K

Knowing the history is getting to know the stream of information. A systematic study of a subject always starts with information which are available already. In this era of rising population with psychiatric disorders, a humble attempt has been made here to reveal the descriptions from historical literature regarding the psychiatric illness unmada. The analysis of the disease includes literary sources available from Vedic period to new age Ayurveda books. The present historical review of literature may be helpful to analytically study the origin of disease and its intensity and incidence since the ages.

9

Authors: Hemlata Dixit, Anita Sharma, Mukesh Shrimal and Amol Kadu

Dadru is one of the common skin disease mentioned in ayurveda. In modern science the clinical manifestation of dadru is closely similar to local fungal infection/tinea infection which is affecting upto 15% of population. Excessive severe itching and red patches are the common clinical manifestation which can be diagnosed by darshana and prashanapariksha. Potassium hydroxide microscopy and fungal culture are the specific tools for diagnosis of fungal infection. Lepanaand Shamanachikitsa will help to cure Dadru.

9

Authors: Lekhan K G, Mohammed Faisal2 and Niveditha Shetty

Aushadhavacharana refers to application of different Dravya in various vikara. Vikara is of two types Samanyaja and Nanatmaja vikaras. Kaphaja rogas have been given prime importance in classical literatures of Ayurveda. While treating any disease, selection of right, potent and useful drug is very important, here role of Pancha padarthas of Dravya plays an important role. The drugs having Katu, Tikta, Kashaya Rasa pradana, having Gunas like Laghu, Ushna, Ruksha, Tikshna, Vishada, Sukshma, Khara, ushna Veerya, Katu Vipaka can be selected for treating Kaphaja rogas effectively. The action of the Dravya is either by any one of the above Pancha padarthas or in combination, hence before selecting the Dravya to treat the disease proper, examination of Roga and Rogi is must. An effort is made to compel the knowledge about different avacharanas based on various concepts of Dravyaguna which can be selected by vaidya in treating Kaphaja rogas to get the fruitful results.

10

Authors: Amit Kumar Sharma, Vijay Shankar Verma2 , Sumitra2 , Sakhitha K S3 and Sanjay Kumar

Vidangadi Churna is a herbo-mineral formulation containing Vidanga, Nagara, Yava Kshara and Lauha bhasma and is described in various classical texts of Rasashastra. The formulation for present study has been taken from Chakradutt written by Chakrapani in 11th century. Vidangadi churna has been indicated in sthaulya rogadhikara. Bhaishajya Kalpana is an integral part of Ayurveda which deals with the procurement, processing and right application of a drug to cure any diseases. This branch includes various Kalpana like Swarasa, Kwatha, Leha, Sandhan, Churna etc. These Kalpana are mainly concerned with the utility of the drug and availability. Simply it is an art of preparing and dispensing of medicine. The aim of this branch is the constant search of the formulations useful to resolve the complexity of diseases, having multidirectional action. When a similar kind of thing is done repeatedly it surely leads to disliking for it, like wise when a drug is repeatedly prescribed in the same form it causes reluctance in drug ingestion by patient. So easy administration of the drugs, ease transportable, better palatability as well as better accuracy of dosage form were the basic thoughts, which gave rise to variety of Kalpana or formulations. In the present study Vidangadi Churna was prepared as per classical reference to develop SOP (Standard Operating Procedure) and analyze sample as per classical parameters.

12

Authors: Vidyarathna K H P M, Kulatunga R D H and Madhumalika L P C

Lekhaneya Dashakaya is mentioned in Charaka Samhita and it has Lekhana (scraping /corrosive action) potentials are practiced for reduction of body weight. It consists of ten ingredients as, Musthaka, Kushtha, Haridra, Daruharidra, Vachaa, Athivisha, Katurohini, Chitraka, Chirabilwa. and Haimawathi. The present study has been focused to find out Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics potentials of ingredients of Lekhaneya Dhashakaya and develop the hypothetical samprapthi of Athisthaulya. The secondary data was collected by authentic texts of Charaka Samhita, Ayurveda Aushadha Samgrahaya book series, Ayurveda Pharmacopeia of India book series, related web sites and scientific journals. Results revealed that Tikta (90%), Katu (80%) in Rasa, Laghu (100%), Ruksha (90%) in Guna, Ushna Veery (90%), Katu Vipaka (100%) and Kaphavatahara (50%) in Dosha karma were prominent pharmacodynamics potentials in Lekhaneya Dashakaya. Lekhana(100%), Deepana,(80%), Kaphaghna(70%), Pachana(60%), Krimighna(60%), Twak doshahara(50%), Shotahara(50%), Vedanasthapana(50%) and Jwaraghna(50%) were major pharmacokinetic potentials and hypolipidemic action (100%), anti-inflammatory action(90%), anti-diarrheal action(80%), hepatoprotective action(80%), anti – microbial action(80%) , hypoglycemic action (80%), anticancer (70%), anti-oxidant activity(70%), immunomodulatory action (70%) and anti -ulcer (50%) were the prominent pharmacological actions. While, Ruksha, Teekshna qualities cause to penetrate deeply in tissue level and scrap vitiated excessive accumulated medas due to Lekhana action, Kaphaghna action helps to expel excessive kapha and Amapachana and Agnideepana restore Jataraghni and Dathvagni. In addition, pharmacodynamic potentials and pharmacological properties of Lekhaneya Dashakaya have exhibited characteristic similarities. Thus, it can be concluded that Lekhaneya Dashakaya could be used in treating the Athisthaulya and it show multidimensional approach.

13

Authors: R. Padmavathi, Nousheen Fathima2 and Mohammed Abdul Samad

The goal of the current research was to explore the beneficial effect of integrating allopathic, ayurvedic, and probiotic treatment in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Wistar rats of either sex were divided into six groups. Group I received a single dose of vehicle rectally, group II received 2 ml of 3% v/v of acetic acid in 0.9% saline rectally, group III received mesalazine (100 mg/kg/p.o), group IV received Grahi (10 mg/kg/p.o), group V received mesalazine and Grahi and group VI received mesalazine, Grahi and sprolac (100 mg/kg/p.o). The Disease Activity Index (DAI) was measured during the treatment period. Blood was withdrawn white blood cell and differential leucocyte count at the conclusion of the research. The animals were sacrificed at the end of study period for the evaluation of intestinal inflammation, colonic microbial count, myeloperoxidase concentrations and histopathology under ether anesthesia. Combination treatment displayed a major beneficial impact relative to monotherapy in relieving colitis. Especially in comparison to monotherapy, total improvements in DAI, inflammatory ratings, white blood cells count, colonic microbial count and myeloperoxidase indicated a substantial improvement, reflecting the preference for combined therapy. Although monotherapy has also been successful in improving colitis, combined therapy has been even better. In colitis, the application of mesalazine and Grahi may be more helpful than monotherapy. In order to produce the most effective result in the treatment of colitis and other inflammatory intestinal disorders, probiotics may be prescribed as an adjuvant to the mixture of mesalazine and Grahi.

15

Authors: Khandate B. Maheshchandra, Amolshah M. Madavi2 and Patil Shilpa S

The present study was conducted to compare the efficacy of gomutra yukta vaitarana vasti with dhanyamla yukta vaitarana vasti in the management of katishoola in 40 patients (20 in each group) from Govt. Ayurveda College Hospital, Tripunithura. Vaitarana vasti is one of such treatment modalities of Panchakarma which is directly indicated for vatavyadhis. It is mentioned in Chakradutta- Niruha-adhikara (73/32) and Vangasena - Vashtikarmadhikara (83/186-190) for the treatment of Katishoola. The selected patient will be subjected to deepana and pachana as purvakarma followed by Vaitarana vasti continuously for 5 days in both group of patients. After giving vasti, paschat karma and pathya-apathya will be followed accordingly. Base line data collection was done before and after treatment and during follow up in both the groups. As per the assessment criteria –Pain, Swelling, Stiffness, Tenderness, Range of movement and X-ray findings, Vaitarana vasti with Gomutra or Dhanyamla both were found to be effective in all the parameters taken for assessment statistically and clinically. According to observations and results obtained it was concluded that the Vaitarana vasti with Gomutra or Dhanyamla both were found to be highly effective in all the parameters taken for assessment of Katishoola.

4

Authors: Pinky Chauhan, K Bharathi

Yonivyapad comprises around 70% of gynecological problems and commonly encountered in the practice of Gynecology. Among them some are causing painful coitus, dysmenorrhoea etc., and Paripluta is one among them. Thirty six years old married women visited the OPD. of Prasutitantra and Striroga of NIA Jaipur on January 2019. She had complaints of white discharge per vaginam. She also complained of pain in lower abdomen which is dull in nature and fever. Per speculum examination showed thick white discharge with congestion of cervix. Her USG showed free fluid in POD so suggestive of PID. Treatment given: Triphalaguguulu 2 tab/BD, Kutajaghanavati 2 tab/BD. After 3 cycle of menses patient had shown relief from all the symptoms and USG (15/5/19) was Normal (No free fluid) after treatment.

5

Authors: Suresh Kumar

Dysmenorrhoea is defined as painful menstruation so as to incapacitate day to day activities. A systematic review of studies in developing countries performed by Harlow and Campbell has revealed that about 25-50% of adult women and about 75% of adolescents experience pain during menstruation. Not less than 50% of women are said to experience some discomfort in relation to menstruation, and 5-10% of girls in their late teens and early twenties are incapacitated for several hours each month. Estimates vary widely because of difference in the criteria of dysmenorrhoea and because most investigations concern only one section of the community. The incidence of dysmenorrhoea is affected by social status, occupation and age, so groups of school girls, college students, factory workers, and women members of armed forces each provide different statistics. It has been seen in gynecological practice that patient with udavertini yonivyapad may be associated with the primary dysmenorrhoea. Charaka says that due to movement of flatus etc. natural urges in reverse direction, the aggravated vayu (apan vayu) moving in reverse direction fills yoni (uterus).This yoni (uterus) seized with pain, initially throws or pushes the raja (menstrual blood) upwards, then discharge it with great difficulty. The lady feels relief immediately following discharge of menstrual blood. Since in this condition the raja moves upwards or in reverse direction, hence, it is termed as udavartini.

6

Authors: Kinjal Unadkat, Dilip Jani2 and Neha Parmar

Ayurveda is the most ancient and well documented system of medicine which has two aims-maintenance of positive health and the cure of diseases. In current scenario, we are faced with a host of health problems. The herbs which are used to enhance the resistance of body against infections have been a leading theory of Ayurveda and for this there is an independent group of immunomodulatory drugs called as Rasayana. According to modern science, Rasayana can be compared to anti-oxidant, anti-stress, immunomodulatory drugs etc. Immunomodulatory drugs alter the response of the immune system by promotion of health as well as prevention and extermination of the diseases. They act at various levels of immune system by inhibiting or intensifying immune responsive cells- lymphocytes, neutrophils, macrophages, natural killer (NK) cells, and cytotoxic T lymphocytes which play a key role in the front line defence against invading pathogens. Antioxidant drugs are having ability to put a break on the oxidation that damages the cells. Antioxidants such as vitamin C and vitamin E boost our immune system. Similarly in Ayurveda, Rasayana dravyas are also act at various levels like Rasa, Agni and Srotasa. The aim of Rasayana is to maintain and preserve positive health and prevent varied diseases. Dhanvantari nighantu is the advanced (8th -10th AD) Ayurvedic material medica and is the first Nighantu which covers the complete knowledge of the drugs with its clinical applications. It has mentioned 13 herbal drugs as Rasayana. Some of the medicinal plants listed in modern system of medicine for their therapeutic potential have been scientifically investigated with the results. The purpose of this review is to justify the findings of investigations done on immunomodulatory activity and antioxidant activity of the plants which had been justified and used in herbal remedies in the past. Here an effort has been carried out to explore the mode of action of Rasayana herbs listed in Dhanvantari Nighantu in relation with modern pharmacology.

6

Authors: Sumayya P, Vinod D S2 and Anoop A K

Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a neurological condition that presents with bilateral lower extremity weakness and sensory loss associated with bowel and bladder dysfunction. It is a segmental spinal cord injury caused by acute inflammation. MRI and CSF analysis are the two most important tests that are mandatory to suspect this disease. We have a case of a 26 year old woman who developed ATM. This patient presented with weakness and paraesthesia below trunk with urinary retention. It is difficult to compare this with any diseases mentioned in Ayurveda. In this case we have planned to treat this disease according to dosha and bala of patient. The order of treatment was kapha hara, vata pitta shamana, nourishing and strengthening treatments like ksheeravasti, matravasti and njavarakkizhi. These also hava Vatahara property. After the above treatments Ashwagandha choorna was given as rasayana. The patient responded well for all of the above treatments and she was able to walk independently after four months.

6

Authors: Alok Kumar Nirala, Virendra Kumar Lahari2 , Balendra Singh3 and Uttam Kumar Nirmalkar

According to Acharya Sushruta, the kshara is made from plants like Palasa (Butea monosperma), Danti (Baliospermum montanum) katsarkaradi etc. There are two sorts of kshara planning: one is paniya kshara for internal use while the other one is the Pratisaraniya kshara for nearby application. The pratisaraniya kshara is additionally separated into three sorts, i.e. Mridu, madhya and Tikshna.palasa bark with danti and katsarkaradi are taken for preparation of Tikshana pratisarniya kshara. In this clinical study, Tikshna kshara was taken into use for local application directly on the Arsha under local anesthesia. The wide explanation of Arsha remembering its treatment are accessible for the works of art. In any case, to stress its graveness, Arsha is listed under the heading of ashtomahagada and happens in guda pradesh, the seat of sadyapranahar Marma.

7

Authors: Karade Ruchika S, Lodha Sheetal G

Introduction: Jwara is one of the diseases which has been given prime importance in Ayurveda classic texts. In Jwara there are various stages of doshavastha according to different types, so symptomatic treatment does not work. The main event of samprapti is vitiation of agni which produce ama (indigested toxins). Ama is thrown out from swasthana (site) and carried by rasa dhatu in the body and produce jwara. In jwara, dosha is situated in amashaya and is in utklisht (aggravated) stage. Here sadyovamana is described in Charak Jwara chikitsa to expel the morbid pitta and break down the etiopathology. Aim: To evaluate the role of sadyovamana as an emergency treatment in jwara. Materials and Method: A 31 years old female patient came with complaints of jwara (fever), arati, kshudhamandya (loss of appetite), pedal oedema, swelling on both knee, wrist and elbow joint, aruchi (anorexia) and morning stiffness since past two months. She was the known case of Diabetes mellitus with no other associated history. The patient had utklisht doshavastha, so she was treated with the sadyovamana as an emergency treatment to achieve vega samyak vaman shuddhi. Observation: Reduction in the temperature from 103 0F to 98 0F and reduction in swelling is observed. Discussion: Sadyovamana expels the morbid pitta dosha which is the root cause of jwara and reduced temperature and swelling immediately. Conclusion: Sadyovamana can be used as an emergency treatment in jwara when doshas are in utklisht (aggravated) stage.

7

Authors: Shraddha, Nikhila Ranjan Nayak2 and Aradhana Kande3

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries or disorders of the muscles, nerves, tendons, joints, cartilages and spinal discs. The main features are pain and restricted movement. Various diseases of musculoskeletal disorders come under the Vatvyadhi and diseases of Asthisandhi according to Ayurveda classical literature. In our samhitas Aacharyas gave Ashraya-aashrayi Bhav theory. According to this theory Vata Dosa is Aashrayi and Asthi Dhatu is Aashraya. In our body the main place of Vata Dosa is Pakvashaya (colon). Basti Karma is one of the Shodhan therapies that mainly work on Pakvashaya. As Chakrapanni says among the Tridoshaas, Vata is predominant and Basti is the only proper treatment to pacify it, just like a storm produced by the blow of wind which is pacified only by the ocean.

7

Authors: Md Tanzil Ansari, Sukumar Ghosh

SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is the causative organism of COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease 2019). It is a highly contagious disease. It is mainly characterised by fever, cough, and breathing difficulty. Most of the infected people do not need any special treatment and recover easily from it. Different types of testing methods are there to diagnose this disease. RT-PCR (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) is the standard diagnosis method for this disease. It is mainly done from a nasopharyngeal swab. At this time no any specific treatment is there for COVID-19. Presently, treatments and vaccines are under study. In Ayurveda, epidemics/pandemics are discussed under the headings of Janapadodhwamsa (as per Acharya Caraka) and Maraka (as per Acharya Sushruta). Acharya Sushruta has described the mode of transmission of Samsargaja or Aupasargika roga (communicable/contagious disease). COVID-19 can be correlated with Bhutabhisangaja jwara. It can also be correlated with Vata-shleshmaja jwara due to similarity in clinical features. In this article Ayurvedic managements of COVID-19 have discussed in details. It includes line of treatment, general measures, dietary measures and specific measures.

8

Authors: Resmi V Rajagopal, LaxmiPriya2 and Ashiya

Menorrhagia is defined as cyclic bleeding at normal intervals, the bleeding is either excessive in amount over 80ml or duration more than 7 days or both. It is a symptom of underlying pathology.If this occurs in between menarche and19 years of age, is called pubertalmenorrhagia.The incidence of pubertal menorrhagia is 5 - 15%. The reasons are idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, genital tuberculosis, polycystic ovarian disease, leukemia, hypothyroidism and coagulation disorders.According to the different Samhitas Raja sravakalavaries from 3 to 7 days. If itis less than 3 days and more than 7 days taken as abnormal. Ignorance to Rajaswalacharya leads to the various menstrual anomalies in this era.Acharya Susruta mentioned excessive menstruation as Asrigdhara. Acharya CharakamentionedPradara among the raktapradoshajavikaraand underpittavrutaapanavayu. A 14yr old girl came to the PrasutiTantra&StreeRogaOPD of IPGT&RA, Jamnagar with the complaints of irregular and excessive menstruation, emotional discomforts near to menstruation, since last 4-5 menstrual cycles. She has the complaints of weight gain also since last 1 year. She was adviced to take Raktastambhakayoga-2 gm(which is a non classical preparation)with Pushyanugachoorna- 2gm twice daily morning and evening after food with Tandulodaka and Phalatrikadikwatha- 15 ml morning and evening before foodassamana. She got relief by the medication for the next two menstrual cycles only. Then she was given virechana with Trivrtavaleha following snehapana with goghrt after samyak deepana pachana. She got relief from the next cycle and hardly reoccurred.

8

Authors: Rahul Parashar, Abhimanyu Kumar2 , Pramod Kumar Mishra2 and Brahmanand Sharma

The new infection, a worldwide danger brought about by novel Corona virus or COVID-19 was first found in December 2019 in the Chinese city of Wuhan. The proof from investigations of cases was that COVID-19 contamination caused gentle infection in about 80% of cases and most cases recuperate, 14 % had more serious sickness and 6% experience basic illness2 . It was accounted for that more seasoned men with clinical comorbidities were bound to get tainted and that too with more awful results. Extreme cases could even prompt heart injury, respiratory disappointment, intense respiratory pain condition and death3 . There was no treatment and prevention available and there was no pre-existing resistance in the population. The only way for breaking the disease transmission was quarantine of the healthy people and isolation of the infected. In India the Govt. of India started the full nationwide Lock down from 25 march 2020 for 21 days and extended it to 31 may 2020 in four phases. Phase 5 was running from 1 June 2020 only at contentment zones4 . While from 8 th June 2020 unlock one was started5 . During this period so many restrictions were started on human life. So, the daily routine of most of the people was locked or transformed. In this concern so many health challenges and changes were happened with unknowing the results of them. A study on impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physiological health, economy and social life of people in Jodhpur was done. A study was conducted by Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Rajasthan Ayurveda university Jodhpur in 2020, found that 53.8% of respondents rated the physiological impact of the outbreak as moderate or severe. Female gender, student status, specific physical symptoms (e.g., myalgia, dizziness, coryza), as well as the poor self-rated health status were significantly associated with psychological impact of the outbreak and higher levels of stress, anxiety and depression. Specific up-to-date and accurate health information (e.g., treatment, local outbreak situation) and particular precautionary measures (e.g., hand hygiene, wearing a mask) were also related with a lower physiological impact of the outbreak and lower levels of stress, anxiety, and depression.

8

Authors: Devendra Kumar, Shrinidhi Kumar K

Cerebral palsy is a brain disease with non-progressive degeneration of brain tissues. Spastic cerebral palsy accounts for a major portion of CP with incidence between 60% -70% of all cerebral palsy case. Various Panchakarma procedures like Snehana (body massage with medicated oil), Swedana, Udwartana (medicated powder massage), Shirodhara, Lepa and Basti (oil and decoction enemas) etc are found to be beneficial in the management of hypertonicity in children. All these Panchakarma procedures improve flexibility of joints, improves circulation and reduces pain. It improves gross as well as fine motor functions, provides nourishment, improves overall general condition and quality of life in children with hypertonicity.

9

Authors: Renu Sharma, Anita Sharma2 , Shailbala Mehar3 and Pooja

Early aging refers to a condition in which physical changes occur significantly earlier than the natural stages of the body. In the current era changes in our lifestyle, environmental disaster, pollution, war or conflict, over-emotional and stress, high intake of fast-food, lack of physical activity leads to premature ageing. Skin wrinkles, dry skin and weak or unhealthy looking nails, Stiff joints, mild aching (especially in the legs and feet),tired & poor memory, grey hair or hair loss, insomnia, Sluggish bowel movements, bloating, hypertension, heart stroke, atherosclerosis etc. these are the symptoms of early ageing. In ayurvedic classics the importance of dincharya i.e. daily regimen which is said by the Sages for human being to be prevent early ageing and enhance longevity. To prevent early ageing and enhance longevity Dincharya (Daily routine) procedures like brahmmuhurta jagaran, malotsarg vidhi, dantdhavan, jihva nirlekhan, anjan, nasya, kavla, dhumrapana, abhangya, vyayam, udwartan, snana etc. are gives in details along with their indication, benefits, procedure, role in current scenario and time also when to use them. Hence, this paper will give you an idea of how to prevent or even reverse signs of early ageing through dincharya (daily routine).

10

Authors: Pooja Upadhyay, Kirti Sharma2 , S. R. Inchulkar3 and Yuvraj Kaushik

Agada tantra is the branch of Ashtanga Ayurveda, which was developed in ancient time. Agada tantra is the system of knowledge for conquering poisons. In ancient times most of the poisoning was from poisonous snake bites. Therefore learning about treatment of poisoning is a good way towards service to the public health. Acharya Charaka has explained twenty-four modalities of treatment which are to be employed while treating poison cases according to the need. Chaturvinshati upakramas are unique in the management of poisons. It can be seen that most of them are based on same principle of modern medicine. Chathurvinshathi upakramas is common for all types of Visha i.e., Sthaavara, Jangama, Gara, Dooshi visha etc. In most of the cases Upakramas should be selected by the physician on the basis of the type of Visha Prakruti (constitution), Saatmya (compatibility), Ritu(season), Desha (place), Vega(impulse) and Balaabala (strength and weakness of both the patient and poison). On detail study & after comparison, it was found that these 24 modalities of treatment are complete in terms of treatment of poisoning.

10

Authors: Neetu Sharma, Suresh Kumar

Acharyas described the disease (Sandhigata vata) as name of Sandhigatanile with symptoms of Shotha (edema), Vatapurnadritisparsha (on palpation revealed as air filled bag) and pain with Prasarana and Akunchana (movement).In old age, all Dhatus undergo Kshaya (degeneration), Thus leading to Vataprakopa and making individual prone to many diseases. Among them Sandhigata Vata (Osteoarthritis) stands top in the list. Having the symptoms like pain, swelling, crepitus and restricted joint movements. Ayurveda highlighted degenerative diseases under the concepts like “Dhatu Saithilyam” and “Dhatu Kshayam”. Sandhigata Vata is one of such disease, which needs a specific target of therapeutic intervention to check or slow down the process of "DhatuKshaya" and to pacify Vata. It limits everyday activities such as walking, dressing, bathing etc., thus making individual handicapped. We can correlate Sandhigata Vata with osteoarthritis (OA) on the basis of clinical features. According to data produced by the Dutch institute for Public Health, The prevalence of Knee OA in those aged 55 and above was 15.6% in men and 30.5% in women, respectively. Panchtikta Guggulu Ghrita may be effective in the management of Sandhivata (Osteoarthritis).

10

Authors: Upasna, O P Singh2 , Shweta Shukla3 , Deshraj Singh4 , Vishal Saxena5 and Sarita Yadav

Background: Hypertension is an important problem in the scenario of public health, owing to its more prevalence. Nearly 7.1 million lives are lost every year due to poor control of Hypertension. Hypertension is also known as “Silent Killer” of mankind because most sufferers (85%) are asymptomatic and as per available reports, in more than 95% cases of Hypertension, underlying causes are not found. The present study was carried out with an objective to find an alternative, reliable, safe and cost effective treatment for Hypertension and to study the etiopathogenesis of Hypertension in terms of Ayurveda. Study design: The study was “Single Blind Study” conducted on 60 patients of Essential Hypertension of either sex. Patients were randomly recruited to two Groups (30 each). In Group A, patients were subjected through an Ayurvedic formulation prepared in the form of Vati with ingredients as Jatamansi, Arjuna, Gokshura, Mandukparni, Sarpagandha and Tagara. In Group B patient were subjected through Amlodipine (5mg). Results: We can conclude that the overall effect of Group A (Ayurvedic formulation) was better in relieving the symptoms of Hypertension than that of Group B (Amlodipine). While in reducing Systolic Blood Pressure, Diastolic Blood Pressure and Mean Arterial Pressure both Groups shows highly significant result. Discussion: All the ingredients of self formulated drug (Vati) basically have Hridaya, Medhya, Mutrala, Vata Anulomaka, Nidrajanana and Raktadabashamaka effect. Almost all the drugs have Tridoshahara properties. The preparation mainly has Tikta Kashaya Pradhana Rasa, Laghu, Snighda Guna, Sheeta Virya, Katu Vipaka which helps in management of Hypertension. Conclusion: The overall effect of Group A was better than Group B in relieving the symptoms while the effect of both groups in controlling Blood Pressure was similar. Moreover, no side effects were observed in patients during and after the treatment so, it can be concluded that the patients of Hypertension can be managed effectively by Ayurveda without fear of side effects as seen in Anti-hypertensive drugs.

12

Authors: Narayan Pandey, Anita Sharma2 and Shankar Gautam

Poisoning being the major health problem in modern era which is increasing day by day. There are different sources from where people are consuming poison directly or indirectly. Now a days poisoning is found everywhere, like junk food with chemical preservatives, different kinds of growing things like rice, wheat or vegetables which contains pesticides. Water, air, soil is being polluted due to different human behaviour, which causes interfere with human health. According to Ayurvedic point of view, there are different types of poison like Sthavar Visha, Jangam Visha, Gara Visha, Dushi Visha. So, after taking such poison shows harmful effect in human health which leads different kinds of diseases to death. So, to protect from such kinds of poisoning Ayurveda has mentioned different types of detoxifying (antidotes) Dravyas that helps to diminish or destroy the poisonous effect in human body. Aacharya Charak has mentioned ten Vishaghna Kashaya named as Vishaghna Mahakashaya. Among them Haridra is one. Haridra which belongs to Vishaghna Gana has Ruksha, Laghu Guna, with Tikta, Katu Rasa, with Katu Veepaka, and Ushna Virya with Kapha Vata Shamak properties. Haridra show detoxifying activity with anti-inflammatory, anti-bactericidal, anti-fungal, anticarcinogenic effect.

14

Authors: Amit Man Joshi1, Sirjana Shrestha2 , Ram Adhar Yadav3 , Ruby Bajracharya4 and Jitendra Shrestha

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health concern in the Southeast Asia region (SEAR) , where more than 87.6 million people are living with diabetes. Gymnema sylvestre (Gurmar) , a medicinal herb, is commonly used as herbal medicine to treat diabetes. Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effect of Gymnema sylvestre (G. sylvestre) among patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Nepal. Materials and Methods: The present study was an open-label uncontrolled clinical trial. Eligible participants were patients aged 30 to 60 years and diagnosed with T2DM. A total of 43 eligible participants were supplemented with 6 gm of G. sylvestre, daily for 4 weeks during the study period. Anthropometric and biochemical variables were evaluated by comparing data at baseline and at 4 weeks after starting treatment using chi-square and student's t- test. Results: There was a decrease in the fasting and post-prandial glucose levels of the participants by 19.3% and 16.7%, after treatment with G. sylvestre, respectively. There were no significant changes observed in other clinical variables before and after treatment with G sylvestre. Conclusion: This study suggests that the use of G sylvestre leaf has a potential hypoglycemic action in patients with T2DM. However, further studies are needed to confirm the beneficial effect of G sylvestre in T2DM.

19

Authors: Ankesh Sharma, Saroj Parhate2 , K S Karbhal3 and Anil Kumar

Kupipakva rasayana are unique pharmaceutical procedure where in the medicinal preperation shuddha Parada, shuddha Gandhaka and any of other rasadravya (metals and minerals) paka is done by giving agni into gradual increase in temperature for specific time in a Kacha Kupi (glass bottle) resulting in rasayana effect, so it is called Kupipakva Rasayana. Kupipakva Rasayana kalpana have always been known for their absolute potency and quick in action even in smaller dosage. These formulations have wide range of therapeutic utility. Rasasindura is a one among basic most common preparation used as kupipakva Rasayana. This is largely produced and marketed by pharmaceutical companies, because of its sukshma and Tikhshna guna it has strong penetrating power to reach the pathological site quick in action, required minimal therapeutic dose, easy to administration and longer stability. They are having more potent compare to pure herbal preparation.

5

Authors: Vidhi Patel, Dhaval Dholakiya

Gridharsi is considered under Vatavyadhi. Sciatica is the term for low back pain that radiates into the buttock, hip, thigh and leg to the foot. All the signs and symptoms of sciatica looks like Gridhrasi described in Ayurveda. The common symptoms of Gridhrasi are pain starts from Sphik (buttock) and then radiates to Kati, Prusta (back), Uru (thigh), Janu (knee), Jangha (calf) and Pada (foot) along with Stambha (stiffness), Toda (pricking pain), Spandan (twitching) and causes the Sakthiutkshepada Nighraha (restricted movement of lifting the leg). Sciatica is a disease which causes torment in hip and to the entire way of sciatic nerve; it alludes down back of the leg and some of the time to the foot. Rasona has Brumhana, Vrushya, Snigdha, Dipan, Pachan, Rasayana properties which are work on vitiated Vata Dosha. Rasona also has Bhagnashandhankara and Shoolhara properties. It works on vitiated Vata and Kapha Dosha. In Gridhrasi Rasona Kshirapaka acts like medicine mentioned in Charak Samhita. A 40 years old female patient known case of Sciatica was visited in OPD of P. D. Patel Ayurveda Hospital, Nadiad. She had complaints of backpain with radiating pain from buttocks to leg both side, difficulty in walking and sitting and constipation since 2 years. Patient was on regular allopathic medicine for 1 year but she did not get any satisfactory relief in the sign and symptoms. She was treated for 28 days in O.P.D. with Rasona kshirapaka. After treatment a significant improvement was noted in patient’s signs and symptoms. There was 80% relief seen in patient in 28 days.

5

Authors: Aishwarya Pandey, Chandrakant Upadhyay

The Indian system of medicine is the first medical system in the world to have attained the status of complete “Science of life” about 5000 years ago. Rasa Shastra is an important branch of Ayurveda, which is pioneered by Nagarjuna. This Shastra isrelated to metals and minerals. Lauhakalpana are preparations of Lauha Bhasma as main ingredient added to other drugs. Among all the metals, Lauha (Iron) is the most extensively used because of its rich availability and economy. Rasavagbhata explains that among all the Aushadhi Kalpas Louhakalpana is said to be the best one. Among all Louhakalpana Saptaamrita is an important Louhakalpana. Saptaamrita Lauha contains equal part of Yastimadhu (Glycyrrhiza Glabra Linn), Triphala -Amalaki (Phyllanthus emblica), Haritaki (Terminalia chebula retz), Bibhitaki (Terminalia bellirica) and Lauha Bhasma.

6

Authors: Pooja, Anita Sharma2 , Amol Sudhakar Kadu3 and Renu sharma

Vicharchika is a type of kustha (kshudrakustha) which is characterized by pidika (vesicle), srava (discharge) and kandu (itching). The prevalence rate of vicharchika ranged from 2.4% - 6% all over India. Vicharchika is commonly correlated with eczema in modern science. According to Ayurveda all types of skin disease are classified under the kustharog. Atopic dermatitis word is also refer for Eczema. Eczema is defined by itching, oozing and hyperpigmentation in advanced phase. Vicharchika is type of chronic skin disorder which is included under raktapradoshaja vikaras( disorder due to vitiation of blood). Ayurveda manage the disease by cleansing vitiated Dosha and balancing the dosha and dhatus.

7

Authors: Swati Malsariya, K Bharathi2 and B Pushpalatha

Background: A primigravida female patient of 21 years of age came to Prasutitantra outpatient door (OPD) of National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur on date 25thNovember2020 with chief complaint of Amenorrhea since 9months and decreased fetal movement since night with no history of labor pain, leaking and bleeding per vaginal. Methodology: The patient first visited OPD on 15thSeptember2020 for routine Antenatal check up with 6th months of gestation. Her ultrasonography was done as a part of Routine Antenatal investigations in which no any fault was seen and adequate amniotic fluid volume was found. Thereafter she was irregularly visiting NIA OPD for her routine checkup, even though she was advised for proper fluid intake, iron and calcium rich diet and advised to look out daily fetal movement. But due to some faulty dietary habits and negligence, during her 38th week of gestation patient perceives decreased fetal movement since the night of 24thNovember2020 then she consulted in an allopathic hospital where an ultrasonography was performed in which severe oligohydramnios and decreased fetal heart rate was found. She was advised for emergency Caesarean section as soon as possible but she refused and again visited Prasutitantra department of NIA for the same. Then she was advised for Balataila Matrabasti on alternate days and Shatavari Ksheerapaka orally twice in a day. Results: There was a significant improvement found inamniotic fluid volume and also reduced incidence of operative interference. The patient delivered normally with a healthy baby without any pre induction and augmentation. No any sign of fetal distress was found.

7

Authors: Rashi Sharma, Sunil Kumar2 , Sandeep M. Lahange

The science of Marma is one of the special facets which is intensely elaborated in Ayurveda. Marma are vital points on the body which when injured or traumatized leads to deformity and sometimes even death. Although Marma points are said to be fatal but they are also considered as seat of Prana. So, Prana stimulation or flow of energy can be regularized by means of Marma therapy. In present era in spite of various treatment modalities in orthopedic field, we came across various types of post treatment deformities in case of joints trauma. By the collaborative approach of modern modalities and Marma therapy we can get much better results in restoring the joint abilities. Working in this direction it is very much required that we explore the Marma as they are given in very concise form in classics of Ayurveda. So, in this paper we have put our utmost efforts to elaborate the anatomical location, structure, traumatic symptoms of Kurpar Marma with the help of both Ayurveda and Modern Literature. This will lead to better understanding of Kurpar Marma and ultimately advancement in Marma therapy with relatively less occurrence of deformities.

8

Authors: Nitin Seju, Ananta S Desai

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (AVNF) is an increasingly common cause of musculoskeletal disability. It is a progressive pathological process, resulting in the death of bone cell of femur head due to disruption of blood supply to the proximal femur. In the course of AVN, however the healing process is usually ineffective and the bone tissue breakdown faster than the body can repair. All the treatment procedures are cost worthy and prognosis is poor. Management of AVNF aims at prevention from structural deformity, regulating functional activity and relief from pain. There is no direct diagnostic correlation to AVNF in Ayurvedic classics, however sign and symptoms of AVNF are nearer to Asthivaha Srotodushti Vikara (disorders of musculoskeletal origin). Objectives-By considering AVNF as an Anukta vyadhi an attempt has been made in the present study to evaluate the efficiency of Ayurvedic formulation in the conservative management of AVNF. Method-A case of AVN with bilateral femoral head presented with complaints of pain in bilateral hip region with difficulty in routine work ei. walking, sitting, squatting along with change in gait. Initially patient was treated with Panchtikta Kshar Basti then Panchtikta Ksheer Basti and Anuvasana Basti with Gugulutikta Ghrita as per Karma Basti schedule (modified), followed by Shaman aushadhi. ResultPatient was observed for symptomatic improvement based on questionnaire over graded sign & symptoms, also observed for clinical examination before & after treatment and the therapy provided marked relief from pain, tenderness, stiffness and improvement in the gait & hip joint movements. Conclusion-Thus the study has shown conservative management of AVNF can be managed effectively through Ayurvedic principle and improve quality of life.

8

Authors: Anandu V, Rashmi Pujar2 , Nandesh Mohan3andGopikrishna S

Vata Dosha is considered the most important and significant among all the Tridosha in Ayurveda.It is one among the three forces involved in the physiological functioning and disease conditions in our body. VataDosha is distributed all over the body to maintain its proper functioning and sustenance of life. VataDosha being located in Pakwashaya gets vitiated to cause specific Lakshana’s i.e., when VataDosha is aggravated in Pakwashaya which is particularly its Viseshasthana, gives rise to Antrakoojana,Udarashoola, Atopa, Krichramootrata, Krichrapuristhatwa, Anaha, Asmari, Vartma,Arshas, Vedana in Kati, Prishta and Trikapradesha.The symptoms of PakwashayagataVata are found in many individuals either alone or associated with other complaints due to changes in the lifestyle and food habits. Proper management of PakwashayagataVata is very important to normalize the VataDoshaand prevent further progression of the disease.Therefore here an effort is made to understand the concept of PakwashayagataVata from various perspectives of different authors, which will enrich our knowledge and give proper path for the treatment.

9

Authors: Neha Prajapati, Amit Mishra2 and Mita Kotecha

Ayurveda is complete science of life practised with an aim of preservation & promotion of health. Acharya Charaka has emphasised that any material on earth is valuable in the war against diseases when used with preparation and for a particular reason. Guduchi (Amrita, Giloy) is the best natural antioxidant which is copiously available all over India. All of its parts are used in traditional medicine system, stem leaves and roots are most important medicinally used parts. It is a versatile resource for all forms of life. It belongs to family Menispermaceae. It contains various chemicals that affect the body. Some of these chemicals have an antioxidant impact. While other might increases the ability of body’s immune system and some chemicals have activity against cancer cells also. The ‘Rasayana’ accords longevity, enhance the memory, improve the health, bestows youth, speech, energy and lustre the skin. So it is one of the most effective Rasayana and rejuvenative.

10

Authors: Payal Sharma, Alok Kumar Asthana

Prakritior body constitution is determined at the time of fertilization by various permutation and combination of threeDoshas, fiveelements and three Gunas. ThePrakriti once formed can’t be changed. The physical and mental traits of an individual are determined by Prakriti. Each individual has its unique Prakriti. It can neither be created nor be destroyed and it will remain constant through the entire life. Women play an important role in our society. She has received a beautiful gift from God in terms of giving birth to new life. So here comes the concept of menstrual cycle. It is a series of changes that each female goes through every month. Menstrual cycle is recurrent monthly discharge of blood from female genital tract. It starts from early teen years and ends till the menopause at the age of around 50. Kashtartava or dysmenorrhoea is painful menstruation of sufficient magnitude so as to incapacitate day to day activities. According to modern science there are two types of dysmenorrhoea, one is primary and other one is secondary. Primary dysmenorrhoea is one which is without any pelvic pathology whereas in secondary dysmenorrhoea the cause is pelvic pathology. In this study we are mainly concerned with primary dysmenorrhoea as it is a physiological entity. In today’s era this is a major problem and a huge topic of concern. This condition is so alarming that females are taking analgesics and going to work and in severe cases even those medicines don’t work and they have to miss their office or class due to this problem.So a correlation between Kashtartava and DehikaPrakriti should be made so that we can properly approach towards the condition and provide helping hand to the society. So there is a need for this study that will help us to approach towards dysmenorrhoea in a proper scientific manner and help us to treat the disease in a better way.

10

Authors: Jasobanta Dansana, Kishan Singh

Life style disorders refer to diseases associated with the way a person or group of people lives. Diet and lifestyle are major factors thought to influence susceptibility to this kind of diseases. With rapid economic, technical development and advancement in every field and especially increasing westernization the lifestyle of common man has completely changed which is leading to many common health problems notably stress, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, allergic disorders and thyroid disorders and many more. Lack of exercise, use of preserved and junk food, smoking habits, and alcohol intake also increase risk of developing these types of diseases esp. later in life. The pragyapradha which has been mentioned as one important causative factor for the production of diseases is mainly responsible for lifestyle disorders. Ayurveda being science of life describes the basic things like dinacharya, ritucharya, aahara and vihara for the maintenance of health and prevention of diseases. Recently discovered SARC-COV-2 virus is a reason for a contagious disease called Covid-19, which is started from Wuhan, China on December 19, which is spreading to the entire world. World health organization declared it as a Pandemic disease. Not only its high rated of disease person but also spreads fast, its treatment is based on symptoms the important part is the vaccine is not developed yet. So, the whole world is looking towards Ayurveda for its preventive as well as a curative aspect. Ayurveda has mentioned Pandemic disease under the heading of Janapadodhwansa and Infectious disease under Jwar (all typesof fever), Kustha (skin disease), Agantuj (Disease due to external factor), Bhoot graham pida (Disease due to external factor). Ayurveda is the mother branch of medical science; it gives brief treatment not only on physical levels but also at psychic and spiritual levels. Now time shows Ayurveda principles in front of the world.

11

Authors: Aniket Anil Shilwant, Purva Sushilkumar Bharde

Charak Samhita is one of the ancient and globally accepted treatise on medicine from the school of Ayurveda. The arrangement of the contents of this treatise is worth to be appreciable. In Sutra Sthan, Roga Chatushka is the tetrad of chapters from Charak Samhita explaining diseases, where Maharogaadhyaya is one of them. It is noteworthy that, the ancient scholar Acharya Charak had a keen knowledge of numerology and systematic presentation of contents too. The validity and authenticity of the contents is proven from time to time till date. Tridosha is the cornerstone of the Ayurveda which are seen as group of properties coming together due to sharing of similar elementary origin. Dosha have certain group of properties which are not separable from the preformed cluster, this is Atma Guna. So, Dosha by the virtue of this Atma Guna are having typical tendency to create a typical set of symptoms. This is seen in any diseases when looked into subtypes formed due to Dosha. This article highlights the contents mentioned in Maharoga Adhyaya of Charak Samhita in terms of extensive ability of Dosha to create numerous diseases.

17

Authors: Rekha Phull, Gaurav Phull2 and Dimple Agarwal

At present, the whole world is struggling in dealing with the sudden outbreak of pandemic of COVID-19. The healthcare system across the globe is found wanting and inadequate. Ayurveda has been the benchmark of healthcare system of India for ages. The rich heritage of our ancient science was certainly overlooked and ignored to some extent in last century, due to emergence of Allopathic system of medicine. The literature of Ayurveda has ample references of epidemics/ pandemics, different pathogens and anti-viral remedies, which clearly indicate towards the potential of Indian system of medicines to deal with viral infections in an efficient way and this is now being explored in form of various clinical trials. The herbal remedies are a boon for improving immunity. In present scenario, China has dealt with this viral outbreak using its traditional medical system along with western science quite efficiently. In India however, the Indian system was majorly kept aside initially, but gradually its importance was appreciated by the government and at present utility of AYUSH is being explored by encouraging the trials. This is a welcome step as the modern science is also not very sure about the definitive treatment and they also are trying to manage with different combinations. Therefore, in this paper we will try to highlight the importance of our ancient medical system in dealing with this menace. Material and Methods: The required data was collected from library of our institutes, online publications, Web-portals like Medscape, current news updates, AYUSH website and ancient texts of Ayurveda. Conclusion: There are still some unexplored areas in potential of Ayurveda to manage this pandemic more effectively. Vast potential of Indian system of medicine is a definite advantage in strengthening the available workforce of health system in our country to boost our fight against the present outbreak.

4

Authors: Manasi Oak, Mrudula Joshi

Ayurveda is traditional system which states food as an integral part of our human body for healthy living. Regular food regime should consist Madhuradi Shad-Rasa (six tastes), also it should be taken appropriate quantity. Modernised lifestyle approach has grossly led to diet modification.This modification mainly includes food types which contain less or no madhura rasa. Madhura rasa is accustomed since birth (Aajanma-satmya), initiates body growth in children and maintains good health in old age. It is important in production of dhatus and Oja, also triggers longevity of life. Absence of Madhura Rasa in daily diet is adversely affecting human body and leading to compromised immune response, thus culminating into multiple immunological disorders.Ayurveda practionershould spread awareness about applicability of Madhura rasa for maintaining good health through concealing, consultation and treatment at various professional levels by utilising the guidelines in samhitas

5

Authors: M S Anju, M M Abdul Shukkoor2 and S Aneesh

Ksharas are alkaline substances derived from plant drug ashes in the form of crystals or solutions. Kshara is classified into pratisaraneeya and paneeya according to mode of administration. In Salyatantra, ksharas are the best among sastra and anusastra. Internal administration of kshara (paneeya kshara) is indicated in several mutraroga. Patala paneeya kshara is widely advised in treatment of mutrakrichra, asmari and mutraghata. Sophaharara, tridoshahara properties of drug patala along with indigenous properties of kshara makes this drug beneficial in mutraroga. Analysis of patala paneeya kshara helps to obtain more scientific knowledge about pharmacological action of the formulation as such and pave a light in the treatment of several diseases. Analysis showed high alkalinity of drug with pH 12.29 and the most predominant ion was potassium.

5

Authors: Mangala Jadhav

Visha (poison) is a substance that causes destruction and sadness to the life. It is classified into two main groups- Visha and Upvisha. Though these Vishadravyas are known to be poisonous but still used for the ailment of various diseases after doing some sought of processing such as - shodhana, etc on them. Acharya Charaka has told that even a poisonous drug can show curative properties if used appropriately. So for the quick action of medicines various Vishadravyas are used in Ayurvedic formulations. There are many formulation found in Bṛihattrayi which contains Vishadravya as basic ingredient. These formulations are mentioned for the treatment of various diseases. In this study all these formulations mentioned in Bṛihattrayi text – Charak Samhita, Sushrut Samhita and Asthang Hridya are compiled along with their therapeutic indication

5

Authors: Shivani Arora, M B Gaur

Thyroid gland is very crucial endocrine gland of our body. It secretes thyroid hormones which control basic metabolic rate in our body. Hypothyroidism, also called underactive thyroid or low thyroid, is a disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. In modern science there is no permanent cure for hypothyroidism and has many adverse effects too. So, there is a serious need of safe and effective ayurvedic management. This review has been made with an effort to understand the disease in ayurvedic perspective. There is no exact term of hypothyroidism in ayurveda. Anukta vyadhi is neither elaborated nor described by their name in classical text of ayurveda. While figuring out the signs and symptoms of hypothyroidism in ayurvedic view, the kapha dosha vruddhi, vata dosha vruddhi and pitta dosha kshaya is found. Though some physicians see it as a sthanika vyadhi under galganda roga, but its dushti lakshanas are noticed in whole body. Most of the body metabolic activities are controlled by thyroid hormone. In ayurveda, this can be correlated with actions of agni and hypothyroidism can be considered as a stage of agnimandya leading to formation of ama. Understanding of hypothyroidism from ayurvedic perspective benefits us to give safe & alternative ayurvedic management.

5

Authors: Vijayashree M C, Ananta S Desai

Grahani is an Ayurveda term related to the seat of Agni which helps in the metabolism and digestion of food. In the books of Ayurveda it is described that ingestion, digestion, absorption and assimilation of ahara regulated by Grahani, when Agni becomes Manda then improper digestion of consumed food leading to pathological state known as Grahani Roga. Grahani is disease it afflicts huge population worldwide especially in developing countries and associated with improper food habits along with demanding lifestyle. Pathogenesis of Grahani roga works around Agni which related to impaired digestive function of digestive fire. Methods: Female aged 52 year visited Government Ayurvedic Medical Hospital with the complaints of pain in abdomen, loose stools after 2-3 hours of consumption of food, yellowish watery stools 3-4 times a day with pain along with burning sensation in epigastric region and sour belching since 8 years. Based on these symptoms her case diagnosed as Grahani, and its line of treatment was implemented here i.e patient was administered with Basti karma. Results: At the end of treatment, subjective improvement seen in the patient, without any adverse effects. Discussion: Ayurveda defined several treatment modalities for the Management of Grahani roga. This article summarized.Ayurveda perspective of Grahani roga and managed by Ayurveda principles and lifestyle modification.

6

Authors: Mamta Parikh, A K Chaudhary2 and B J Patgiri

Though, the classical reference is not found for the preparation of Rajata Sindura, it was collected as a byproduct during the preparation of Rajata Bhasma by adopting the Kupipakwa method instead of Putapaka method. Rajata (Silver) Sindura is prepared and analyzed on various parameters. For the preparation of RajataSindura99.56% pure Silver was obtained and subjected to Vishesha shodhana with lemon juice then was converted into tiny pieces and triturated along with equal quantity of Hingulottha Parada and lemon juice for 6 hrs followed by trituration with Shuddha Gandhaka and Kumari Swarasa(Aloe Vera Juice) to obtain Kajjali. Rajata Kajjali was subjected to Kupipaka in Electric Muffle Furnace and Valukayantra in the quantity of 250 g each. Total four batches of Rajata Sindura were prepared, two in Electric Muffle Furnace and two in Valukayantra. Rajata Sindura was obtained as a byproduct at the neck part (Galastha) of Kupi and the material collected at the bottom part of Kupi (Talastha), was further used to make Rajata Bhasma. During the preparation of Rajata Sindura in E.M.F., the maximum temperature was given in each batch i.e. 600˚C and 601˚C whereas in Valukayantra maximum temperature was observed in each batch i.e. 708˚C and 748˚C. Namburi Phased spot test was done in all four samples of Rajata Sindura, two from each – E.M.F. and Valukayantra method whereas one sample of Rajata Sindura(prepared by Valukayantra method and collected in a most intact form) was analyzed on different parameters; physicochemical parameters like Carbon Disulphide Soluble Extract, Estimation of Silver and Mercury content and for advanced modern parameters AESICP (Atomic Emission Spectroscopy with Inductively Coupled Plasma) method was selected. In AESICP study, the Silver was present in 0.020481% whereas Mercury and Sulphur was found with 91.995% and 11.685% respectively. In addition to that quantity of Iron, Cadmium and Platinum was found 0.0072570%, 0.0000616% and 0.00044666% respectively

6

Authors: Swanand Avinash Joshi

The state of health of a human physique depends on the balance of the Dosha, Dhatu and Mala. Moreover, in Sthaulya (Obesity) and Karshya (lean stature), the balance of Doshas may vary irrespective of the vitiation of Meda-dhatu which has a key role in building up these conditions. Sthaulya is comprised among the eight social and physical unhealthy categories of human physique by Charaka. Charaka has mentioned Guru and Apatarpana aahar-vihara as the treatment protocol for sthaulya. The prime aim of this paper is to analyse the drugs and food materials with Guru Guna and Apatarpana properties given in Charaka Samhita with respect to their effect on three doshas

6

Authors: Shruti D Vinchhi

Introduction- Patoladi Kwath is herbal compound formulation mentioned in Chakradatta Amlapitta Rogadhikara. It contains Patola, Dhanyak, Sunthi and Musta. Whereas another indications of the formulation are Mandagni, Jwara, Chhardi, Daha, Shoola, Ama and diseases caused by provocation of Tridosha. Materials & Methods- Patoladi Kwath was subjected to Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical analysis such as microscopic study, loss on drying, ash value etc. Results & Discussion- The Pharmacognostical study showed the presence of contents such as; spiral vessels of Patola, vittae cells of Dhanyak, starch grains of Sunthi, cork cells of Musta etc. The Pharmaceutical analysis showed that the loss on drying value 5.12%, pH Value 7.5, Alcohol soluble extract 8.4%, Ash value 5.9% etc. HPTLC study of Patoladi Kwath revealed 4 spots at 254 nm and at 366 nm each. Conclusion- The present work was carried out to standardize the finished product Patoladi Kwath in terms of its identity, quality and purity. Pharmacognostical and Physico-chemical observations revealed the specific characters of all active constituents used in the preparation.

7

Authors: Rakshith N N, Shrinidhi. R2 , Sudhakara Bhat3 and Chaithra Hebbar

BACKGROUND: The visha is dire condition where it needs fast action and do the reversible changes. One Such drug which is explained as the prathyoushada, among the popular traditional text books of Keraliya visha chikitsa is Chitraka patra swarasa to counter Vatsanabha. Vatsanabha is one among mahavisha a potent herb which is currently known for the mankind and used to manage few diseases after processing it and when it is accidently consumed or used in the inappropriate methods it cause varied signs and symptoms which will leads to life threatening condition. Antidote is lifesaving substance which abolishes the ill effects of poison thus decreasing the mortality. Chitraka is one such drug quoted which is available easily and has wide therapeutic utility. Chitraka is mentioned as antidote for the Vatsanabha. Hence the study is undertaken to evaluate the antidote effect of the Chitraka patra swarasa. OBJECTIVE: To determine the toxicity profile of vatsanabha. And to evaluate the effect of chitraka patra swarasa as an antidote in vatsanabha poisoning METHODS: Wistar albino rats were used for the present study. Determined the LD50 value of Vatsanabha according to the OECD 425 guidelines, the rats were grouped into three groups 1st group is normal control, 2nd group is toxic control and third group is test drug group and study was conducted for 28 days and The data expressed as Mean ± SEM. Difference among the groups would be assessed by employing one way ANOVA with Dennett’s multiple t test. RESULTS: The LD50 value is 29.57 mg / kg and chitraka is having the mild to moderate effect on the haematological parameters. CONCLUSION: The sweta chitraka patra swarasa is having the mild antidotal effect on the vatsanabha induced poison w.s.r to haematological parameters.

7

Authors: Patel Jalpa1., Donga Shilpa2 , C R Harisha3 and V J Shukla4

Although some perceive infertility as a quality-of-life issue, it is in fact a disease with increasing public health concerns. Infertility has been declared as global health issue by world health organization. Anovulation comprises 30-40% part and also probably a major cause of female infertility which interfere woman’s chances to conceive. Reference regarding Shatavari-Shatapushpa Choorna was given in Kashyapa Samhita. There is no scientific evaluation has been found on this formulation till date. For evaluation of phamacognostical and physico-chemical profile of Shatavari-Shatapushpa Choorna has been taken in this present study. Choorna of Shatavari-Shatapushpa was analyzed through Pharmacognostically and also it was examined through qualitative and quantitative analysis of physicochemical parameters. High Performance Thin layer Chromatography study (HPTLC) was also studied. Pharmacognostical evaluation of coarse ShatavariShatapushpa Choorna revealed the diagnostic characters like acicular Crystals, group of starch grains, raphides, parancymal cells, anovular vessels and stone cell of Shatavari, group of fibers, misocarp cells, septate fiber, epicarpcells,aleurone grains and fiber of Shatapushpacontent which authenticate genuineness of the raw drug of Shatavari-Shatapushpa Choorna.Qualitative study observes that pH is 6.5, Ash value is 10.5% w/w, Loss on drying is 9.94%, Water soluble extract is 7.96 % & Alcohol soluble extract is 30.1%, HPTLC study shows that maximum 15 spots and 10 spots were obtained when viewed under short wave ultra violet light both (254 nm) and (366 nm) respectively.

7

Authors: Deshmukh Pooja Gopalrao

Ayurveda is the life science with prime goal of promotion of health & prevention of disease. Now a day’s human being are vulnerable to many disorder due to their altered life style & food habit. Among such life style disorder Vatarakta is one of them. It is a Vatpradhantridoshaj Vyadhi where Rakta is Dushya which is affected by distinct etiological factors like sedentary life style along with mental stress, consumption of unhealthy food & highly protein diet, excessive alcohol intake etc. It is caused by Mithya Ahara Vihar that is irregular or unwholesome diet and regimen in prone individuals. It is characterized by severe pain, tenderness, inflammation and burning sensation in affected joint. These causative factors are unwholesome for the disease and can aggravate the condition.Hence, the first line of treatment for this disease is ‘Nidanparimarjana’, for that it is necessary to understand the Nidan of Vatarakta. This disease is controlled by adopting certain life style modification & certain Ayurvedic modalities viz. Shodhan and Shaman chikitsa it can be cure.

7

Authors: Ramya Mallya B, Shrilatha Kamath T2 and Veerakumara K

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect of Astanga gritha in treatment of subjects (paramedical personnel) with occupational stress/ Chittodvega. Methodology: An open label clinical study with pre-test and post-test design. Patients (paramedical personnel) from OPD and IPD of Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheshwara Ayurveda Hospital, Udupi complaining of occupational stress were screened using Professional life stress scale and 30 subjects with scores 16-60 were selected. Subjects were administered with Astanga gritha 24ml before breakfast with warm water for 14 days. Outcome measures were assessed using Professional Life Stress Scale, The Work Place Stress Scale, Self-prepared Manasikabhava Scale and Visual Analogue scale for symptoms on 7th, 14th and 42nd day. Subjective parameters were analysed statistically using Wilcoxon Signed Rank test and objective parameters were analysed using Paired t test. Results: The results obtained were statistically significant in all parameters with P value less than 0.001. Conclusion: Occupational stress is a condition where the stressors are persistent till the subject continues to work. In presence of stressor, Astanga gritha effectively mitigated the symptoms of stress which proves the efficacy of medication. Same is proved by analyzing the parameters statistically.

8

Authors: Shivani Arora, M B Gaur

Today’s era is dominated by disorders of life style and ayurveda is the prime solution to these disorders. Diabetes is a chief metabolic disorder of present era. India is set to come up as the diabetic capital of the world. Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases identified by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Prevalence rate is 8.7% in total of adult population and it is rising day by day. The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is linked with long term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs exclusively the kidneys, eyes, nerves, heart and blood vessels. Prameha as detailed by aacharya charak and sushruta, is one of the disorders that have emerged out of urban life style. The causes and symptomatology of prameha/madhumeha defined few thousand years back run parallel with the causes and symptoms of diabetes mellitus cited by the system of modern medicine. Hence, it can be correlated with diabetes mellitus. The modern medicines given in diabetes mellitus provide only symptomatic relief and the patient have to take them for lifelong, which will be having some unwanted side effects. Ayurveda can provide more suitable cure for the disease.

8

Authors: Rajni Thakur

Milk is essential part of diet in human life. It is nutrient rich fluid produced by female mammals. The most commonly consumed milk comes from cows, goats, sheep and buffalos. Ayurvedic sciences has enumerated eight different types of milk and explained their properties and health benefits. Aja Dugdha is one of them. It is Madhur, Kashaya, Laghu and Sheeta. It is mentioned as Sarva Roghar. It is therapeutically used in many diseases like Rajyakshma, Raktapitta, Atisara, Kasa and Jwara. It is recommended as Pathya in many diseases.It is one of the contents of many ayurvedic formulations prepared for Nasya Karma, Anjana, Lepa, Basti, Dhoopan and Karanpoorana.

8

Authors: Kirti Sharma

Forensic science includes those aspects of science which are helpful and useful for the purpose of law deals with the application of medical knowledge towards administration of justice. A forensic science laboratory undertakes the examination of physical evidence sent by Medical Officer or the scene of crime, so as to link a suspect to victim, to scene or to crime. Forensic scientists collect, preserve, and analyze the evidence such as knives, blood stain, firearm, tyre mark, suicidal note etc. during the course of an investigation. While some forensic scientists go to the scene of the crime to collect the evidence themselves, others occupy a laboratory role, performing analysis on objects brought to by other individuals. FSL has many divisions which play important role in any investigation such as toxicology, lie detection, fingerprinting etc are very helpful to decide any case for justice.

9

Authors: Abhilasha Sahu, O P Vyas

Motor neuron disease is a neurodegenerative condition caused by loss of upper and lower motor neurons in the spinal cord, cranial nerve, nuclei and motor cortex. MND is a rare condition that affects the nervous system. Annual incidence is about 2/1,00,000 with a prevalence of about 7/1,00,000. The average age of onset 65, with 10% presenting before 45 years. The most common form of MND is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is characterised by combination of upper and lower motor neuron sign; there are rarer, pure lower (Progressive muscular atrophy) or upper (progressive lateral sclerosis) motor neuron variants of MND. In motor neuron disease, sensory system, cerebellum and other areas of brain are not affected. There is no precise equivalent correlate for MND in Ayurveda. In the Samprapti of MND, all the three Doshas are involved. The Vyadhi Swarupa of MND shows predominant involvement of both Vata and Kaphain Samprapti. If the Avarana caused by aggravated Kapha with the Kaphakara Nidana may lead aggravation of Vata and produce the disease. If there is Anubandh of the Pitta the degeneration may be faster. The Tikshna, UshnaGunas of Pitta together with Shoshna Svabhava of Vata leads to Ashukari degeneration seen evident of bulbar onset from the disease in which there is Shosha of the bulbar muscle leading to dysphasia, dysarthria. So the treatment in Ayurveda mainly focuses on the pacification of Vata and Kapha& bringing back the equilibriums between all three Doshas.

9

Authors: Anjali Kumari M U

Background: Burn wounds is the fourth most common type of injury worldwide. Approximately 90% of burns occur in low-to-middle income countries. Tinduka (Diospyros malabarica (Desr.) Kostel) has been classically as well as traditionally used for burn healing but scientific evidence remains unclear. Aim: The study was carried out to evaluate the wound healing activities of Tinduka twak kwatha in Wistar albino rats. Materials and methods: Partial thickness burn wound model were selected for the current study using 3 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group I was assigned as control, Group II was treated with Standard-Silver sulphadiazine, Group III was assigned as trial group which was treated with Tinduka twak kwatha. All drugs were applied topically at the burn site. The parameters observed were wound contraction, eschar fall day, complete cure day and histopathological observation. Results: The percentage of wound contraction in Tinduka twak kwatha group is statistically significant increase on 8th and 16th day, highly significant increase on 12th, 20th, 24thday and better on 28th day. Significant decrease in duration of complete cure day was found in kwatha group. Good regeneration was observed in histological study in kwatha group. Conclusion: Tinduka twak kwatha was effective in burn wound healing.

10

Authors: Sruthi Mohan, Shrikanth P H2 and Sudhakar Bhatt

BACKGROUND HRUDAYA is the most important vital organ and any damage to this organ can lead to a number of serious complications and even death, so improving its functional quality is very much essential. The term cardiovascular disease is familiar which refers to a group of diseases that affects heart and its parts. Among all cardio vascular diseases, myocardial infarction is considered as one of the most dangerous disease. There is a scope for natural therapy in preventing cardiac ailments with the help of medicinal plants. Cardio protection includes all mechanisms and means that contribute to the preservation of the heart by reducing or even preventing myocardial damage. Traditional medicine is a field that is still much in demand for research. In Charaka Samhita a group of drugs termed as Hrudya Dashemani possessing Amla Rasa is explained. These drugs are useful in maintaining cardiac health. Vrikshamla (Garcinia indica) is one of the Dravyas explained under Hrudya Dashemani. In the present study, cardio protective effect of Vrikshamla fruit rind’s decoction in isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction was evaluated in Wistar albino rats. METHODS: In vivo effect of Vrikshamla (Garcinia indica) decoction was evaluated in Wistar albino rats by isoprenalineinduced myocardial injury model. Cardiac injury markers (SGOT, SGPT, Urea, LDH, CK-MB etc.), oxidative stress markers and histopathological changes were evaluated in each group and compared using appropriate statistical tests. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: Observations after the study showed that the test drug Vrikshamla has protective effects on Heart. Blood parameters, histopathology as well as anti-oxidant study supported the same. CONCLUSION: Results of the study revealed that the study drug gave a statistically significant result which confirms that Vrikshamla from Charakokta Hrudya Dashemani possess cardioprotective qualities.

11

Authors: Harikishan Bamoriya, Rani Singh2 and Shachi Chandil

The unique methodology exhibits in Ayurveda is Panchakarma with specifically intended five procedures of internal purification of the body through the nearest potential route. Panchakarma has a full therapy role as a promotive, preventive, rehabilitative & curative procedure. Ayurvedic Panchakarma includes five major Ayurvedic procedures with many allied procedures which intend to cleanse the body along with suitable internal medication that can provide good enhancement in quality of life. Based on Ayurvedic principles and own experiences, the Ayurvedic scholars or practitioners in South India have modified certain techniques and found them quite effective. Afterwards, these procedures got promoted as Keraliya specialties of Panchakarma. Dharaakalpam, Pindasweda, Annalepanam, Kayasekam and Sirosekam are some of these practices. These procedures are specialized varieties of Snehana and Swedana which have more nutritive/nourishing effect than bio-cleansing or depleting effect.

11

Authors: Shreyashri Suvarna

Vatarakta is a painful disease that initially involves small joints. This disease is caused due to consumption of rakta pradoshaka ahara vihara along with vataprakopaka nidanas, both rakta and vata gets vitiated. In modern science a condition called Gouty arthritis had similar presenting features hence it can be co-related to Vatarakta. The main involvement of causative factor here is Vata and Rakta. Naimittika Rasayana is one of the important therapeutic concepts in Ayurveda that is helpful in treating the disease and rebuilding the damaged tissue thus helping to recover from prevailing disease. A randomised controlled clinical study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vardhamana pippali rasayana in the management of vatarakta. Objective: To compare the efficacy of Guduchi Rasayana and Vardhamana Pippali Rasayana in Vatarakta. In this study vardhamana Pippali Rasayana which is also having vata-shleshmahara, deepana, vrushya action is administrated. Minimal research has been conducted on effect of Rasayana on Vatarakta hence the present research work was carried out. Study design: Randomized open controlled clinical study on patients having signs and symptoms of vataakta/Gouty arthritis with pre-test and post-test on 30 patients divided in two groups A and B. Result: when results were obtained it showed marked improvement in the overall signs and symptoms as per the statistical analysis. Conclusion: Both vardhamana pippali Rasayana and Guduchi are found to be effective in the treatment of Vatarakta.

12

Authors: Zhillika, Ajantha2 , Saranya K3 and Shashirekh

Water security and safety is of vital concern in every part of the country. Potable water accessibility and supply is limited due to fluctuating climatic conditions and environmental pollution etc, that lower wholesomeness of most water sources and moreover water is susceptible to contamination with microorganisms. In classics, Acharya Sushruta has mentioned various methods for purifying water by keeping it in vessels made from different materials like Silver, Copper, Clay and by adding different herbs (Kataka beeja). In this experiment, evaluation of water is conducted to assess change in microbial load of water by comparing microbial load of water on storage in vessels prepared from different materials like silver, copper, clay, plastic and steel. Further along with water in these vessels different herbs were added like Kataka beeja, Tulsi patra, Nimba patra individually and separately. They were kept undisturbed for 24 hours and later change in Microbial Load of water sample was evaluated with the help of Serial dilution and Spread Plate Method.

12

Authors: Nand Kishor Prasad Kushbaha

Dyslipidemia is an abnormal amount of lipids in the blood. Dyslipidemia may be manifested by an elevation of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides concentration and decrease in HDL cholesterol concentration in the blood i.e. presence of one or more abnormal serum lipid concentration. Dyslipidemia is becoming one of such lifestyle disorder leading to multitudes of diseases like cardiovascular diseases, strokes, metabolic syndrome and even hypertension. Dyslipidemia is a condition which shares a lot of similarity in pathogenesis and clinical presentation of Medoroga. Medoroga is a condition in which there is abnormal and unequal elevation and collection of Medodhatu in the body. In comprehensive Ayurveda literature Medoroga has been synonymously described as Sthoulya. Which has been explained under Ashta Nindita Purusha. The incidence and the magnitude of the problem are on constant rise due to changing lifestyle, environment and dietary habits etc. The treatment strategy is to implement lifestyle changes including diet and exercise, antiobesity and lipid lowering drugs. Gavedhuka Yavagu and Madhu is one such combination explained in Brihattrayee for Medoroga. In Charaka Samhita, Apamarga Tanduleeya Adhyaya explains that the combination of Gavedhuka and Madhu are Karshana (Emaciating) in nature. On the basis of above reference,a study is planned on anti-dyslipidemic activity of Gavedhuka Yavagu and Madhu in albino rats.

13

Authors: Disha Diwakar

Women play a multidimensional task in fulfilling various roles in life. Health of the women not affects herself, but also influences the society as she is considered to be the direct reproducer of future generation. Menstruation marks the beginning of physiologic maturity in girls and has a significant role in her journey throughout. Painful menstruation affects the quality of women’s life to a great extent. Diet and lifestyle play a pivotal role in the causation of disease as well as treating the disease keeping in mind the present study was taken. OBJECTIVES: To identify the influence of food habits in Udavartini yonivyapad w.s.r to primary dysmenorrhea, to identify the influence of lifestyle in Udavartini yonivyapad w.s.r to primary dysmenorrhea, To study about Udavartini yonivyapad and Primary dysmenorrhea. METHODOLOGY: The study was retrospective case-control study. A questionnaire was framed based on the common food and lifestyle of people in and around Udupi district. These formulated questionnaires were given to subjects aged between 18- 35 years and fulfilling the inclusion criteria through screening and were segregated into two groups of 90 each. The data was collected and analysed using IBM SPSS software version 20. RESULTS: After analysing statistically, out of 50 questions in the food habits domain 22 foods had significant value and 2 foods had highly significant value. Among 20 questions in the lifestyle domain, 11 questions showed significant result and 3 questions showed highly significant results. Food items like packet foods, chats and lifestyle factors like stress, irritation, and mood swings showed highly significant result in causing dysmenorrhea. Most of these were found to increase the vata dosha and also hormonal imbalance. Comparatively lifestyle factors had more effect on dysmenorrhea than that of food habits.

24

Authors: Mohammad Nazir Hossain, Md. Morshedul Alam2

Cancer is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases spreading drastically in developing and industrialized nations. It is one of the foremost causes of death across the globe and mortality due to cancer is increasing morality due to cancer is increasing because of limited available effective therapy. Cancer is characterized by uncontrolled growth of cells due to dysregulation of cell cycle and apoptosis. Recent advances in cancer therapy are burdened by drug-induced side effects due to non-selective targeting of normal tissues. Although natural products play a significant role in the development of most chemotherapeutic agents but very precise target-oriented therapy is still unavailable. Ayurveda, the ancient traditional Indian healing system describes 15000 medicinal plants for treating various ailments, out of which 7000 plants are currently being used. Ayurveda also describes varies types of medications for the treatment of cancer which are yet of be validated. Nowadays rigorous researches are underway to elucidate the role of Ayurvedic herbs and their contained phytochemicals in the management of cancer. This review provides some insights on the current research of anticancer herbs described in Ayurvedic contexts. Here we focus on how herbs and herbal formulations reported in Ayurveda can be used for the development of targeted cancer therapy. In short, the data presented in this review supports view of that herbs and herbal formulation as per ancient Indian healing system can be integrated with western medical system or be used synergistically towards the development of effective anticancer therapy.

6

Authors: Harsha Mohan1 *, Vidya Ballal2 and Mamatha K V

It is only a woman who can enjoy the joy of siring a baby and giving birth to the child. Acharya Charakacharya is indicated that healthy yoni is needed for receiving the sperm and for conception to occur. Combination of four factors like rutu, kshetra, ambu and beeja are necessary for conception.1 In Ayurveda Classics have described twenty types of yonivyapath and complication of yonivyapath states that beeja will not enter into the yoni.2 Among them Vathala yonivyapath are extensively seen as one of the causes of Vandhyatwa. Vathala yonivyapath can be co-related to Endometriosis due to similarity of symptoms like toda, vedana. 3,4,5,6 The ailments can be understood through the concept of nidanapanchakas. 7,8, As the severity of the endometriosis increases, adhesions become more common and the chance of natural conception decreases. There is some references shows that relation between infertility and endometriosis. Patients with endometriosis mainly complain of pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia. Women with endometriosis tend to have a lower fecundity and ovulatory disorders. For justifying vathala yonivyapath as one among the cause of vandhyatva can be understand with the above statement. An effort has been made to justify vathala yonivyapath with its symptoms similies Endometriosis, with infertility.9 Thus this study has been taken to logically justify on conceptional on a par with modern basis.

7

Authors: Harish. G1 *, Santhosh K2 and Ahalya S

Introduction A case report of 21 year old female who complained of itching associated with pain in left ear, which aggravates during night time. Endoscopic examination of the left ear revealed Otomycosis due to Candida albicans. Materials and Methods The subject who approached Shalakya Tantra OPD of Government Ayurvedic Medical College, Bangalore was systematically reviewed and Kaphahara line of intervention was planned. Results The External Auditory canal of left ear was clear after 6 days of treatment as shown in photographs. Discussion Otomycosis is common fungal infection where treatment should be continued for a week even after apparent cure to avoid recurrences. Ear must also be kept dry as a preventive aspect. Avachoornana, a unique and quick acting procedure told in Ayurveda classics is discussed in the present study, in the context of Otomycosis.

7

Authors: Niketa Shantikar1 *, Suchetha Kumari2 and Sudhakar Bhat

India, the world’s second large country of population of 1.3 billion people after china (1.4 billion) has always fascinated demographers . And now, with the united nations forecasting that India’s population will go faster than china’s as early as 2022, it looks like the country may well be ready to detonate at its seams. However, few know about an entirely unexpected problem that is currently bedevilling Asia’s third largest economy - a considerable decline in its fertility rate. When the fertility rate dips this number, the population is expected to decline. Modern treatment modalities cannot be used continuously due to their side effects.Thus this study was done to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract and ksheerpaka of Withania somnifera on estrous cycle in female wistar albino rats were orally administered with extract of Withania somnifera 2000 mg/kg body weight /day for 21 days .Results of the present study showed a significance increase in the weight of the uterus and in weight of the ovary was observed in treated group .Further estrous cycle length was observed to be regular and increased .In conclusion , this study suggests that the hydroalcoholic extract of roots of withania somnifera possess ovulatory activity after treating with norethisterone acetate..

7

Authors: Jaydeep Dinkar More1 *, Pradnya V Shirke2 and Jayashree R Patil

Since the evolution of the life on universe, women have been placed on extreme worshiping place due to her power of ”janani” (capability of certain & care of new offspring of human beings ), The references of this uniqe feature of women are also categorically praised in most authentic literature of the globe i.e vedic literature. Menstruation is the visible manifestation cycle physiologic uterine bleeding due to shedding of endometrium &it is major stage of puberty in girls. Once the menstruation starts, it continues cyclically at intervals of 21-35 days which means of 28 days. But due to changed life style, the physical & emotional stress increases which alters the physiology & ends with the disruption of H-P-O axis & it may lead to many gynaecological problems. Among all gynecological problems the most common one is menstrual irregularities

7

Authors: Rashi Sharma1 * and Sunil Kumar

Beauty is defined in Ayurveda as 'Subhanga Karnam' which is basically transformation of body as well as mind to most auspicious stage. Our body is in constant phase of transformation. Managing this process of transformation is key to radiant beauty. Abhyanga not only improves texture and complexion of skin but also reduces muscle tension, improves circulation, induces better lymph drainage, stimulates both endocrine and exocrine systems. Today's lifestyle leads to development of immense stress which adversely affects beauty. Abhyanga reduces Cortisolthe stress hormone, thereby delays ageing process. Stress increases Vata thus making skin dry as well as signs of ageing are reflected onto skin. Abhyanga helps to pacify Vata Dosha. In classics of Ayurveda, Abhyanga has been mentioned as part of Daily regime (Dincharya) and also used in management of various ailments. An effort to explore the concept of Abhyanga, its effects on different body systems and its ultimate outcome that is Beauty has been highlighted in this paper. An effort is made to present the relationship between Abhyanga and Beauty.

8

Authors: Chander Shekhar Sharma1 and Amrita Sharma

Vatarakat is one among the most typical lifestyle disorder caused by vitiation of Rakat and Vata producing differing types of signs and symptoms.Vatarakat is distressing and customary disorder prevalent in present era. Faulty dietary habits, incompatible foods results in vitiation of Doshas. It can affect anyone, men are more likely to suffer but women also can become vulnerable to it. The common presentation is within the sort of sudden severe attacks of burning pain (Daha), redness and tenderness in joints (Toda) ,Swelling in joints (SandhiShotha) , Moderate discoloration of skin (Vaivarnya) , withdrawal of the affected part (Sparshaasahatva) , often the large toe is involved. With the time joints, tendons and other tissues may get detrimental .The symptoms are first manifested in small joints of the feet and afterward involve other joints. Vatarakat or Aadya Vata may be a classical description of Gout in Ayurveda. The primary goal of treatment is to alleviate the pain and inflammation of an acute attack. Once that's accomplished, the goals become to assist prevent further attacks and to scale back the danger of complications. Here may be a case of Vatarakat who was uninterested of taking medications was successfully treated with Ayurvedic Shaman chikitsa, encouraging results were found symptomatically also as marked reduction in serum acid levels. It can be concluded that gout could also be managed with Ayurvedic intervention and requires to be further explored due to its higher safety and efficacy profile.

8

Authors: Simi Scaria1 *, Rajalaxmi M G2 and Padmakiran C

Migraine is an episodic attack of headache which is characterized by pain in half side of the head most of the time. Ardhavabhedaka is mentioned under Shiroroga, and the symptoms having the similarity with migraine in modern parlance. The drugs which are used for migraine in contemporary science are less acceptable because of its side effects. Ayurveda comprises variety of natural medications in the treatment of various types of shiro roga. Nasya karma is considered as the best Panchakarma procedure in urdwa jatrugata vikaras, by Acharya Charaka. Varunadi ksheera Ghrita is mentioned by Acharya Vagbhata in Ashtanga hridaya Uttara tantra in the context of Shiroroga Chikitsa. So, an attempt has been made to assess the efficacy of Varunadi ksheera Ghrita Nasya in the management of ardhavabhedhaka / migraine in this single case study.

8

Authors: Ankitha C S1 *and Syed Munawar Pasha

Introduction- This is a case report of 21 year old female who complained of patchy hair loss in scalp since 6 months. The subject was not a known case of Diabetes mellitus or hypertension or any other systemic disease. On the basis of symptoms and detailed clinical examination she was diagnosed as having Alopecia areata, based on Doshadushya and symptoms it was compared with Indrapulta and treated, the results are observed and documented. Materials and methods- The subject who approached Shalakya Tantra OPD of Government Ayurveda medical college, Bangalore with symptoms of patchy hair loss in scalp since 6 months was systemically reviewed and raktashodhaka, tridoshashamaka and rasayana line of treatment is adopted. Results- The subject showed marked improvement as depicted in the photographs taken at different levels of treatment. Discussion- Indralupta is a kshudraroga affecting scalp and involving pitta, vata dusti, later kapha and rakta blocking the romakupa. Acharyas have contributed to the cosmetology by giving atmost importance in treating such disease condition by holistic approach and even local treatment modalities. An attempt is made to bring about satisfactory results by adopting such measures in this case study

8

Authors: Jigar Patel1 *, Bharti Umrethia2 and Hirva Viramgama

Background: In the time of advancement in nutraceutical science, there is requirement of diet which should have palatability along with proper nutrition so that the people can easily consume it. Ahara, Nindra and Brahmacharya plays pivotal role in maintenance of health and alleviating the disease state. Ahara is said to be Prana (vital energy) of the living beings. It supports body and continues elegant with strength, complexion, proficient, satisfaction and intelligence. That’s why, Ahara is at prime place among three pillars of life. These requirements can be fulfilled by Ayurveda as it describes about many varieties of Ahara along with different palatable forms. Aim: To explore the concept of Ayurvedic nutraceuticals w.s.r. to Ahara and Ahara Kalpana. Materials and Methods: Classical texts along with available commentaries, other literature related to the subject, research papers, and material available on websites have been referred and critically analyzed. Discussion: Understanding of nutrition according to Ayurveda is different from the modern nutraceutical concept. The basic focus of the modern concept of nutrition is on the physical attributes of food i.e. the quantity of the nutrients (mainly calorie basis) while Ayurveda not only focuses on quantity, but also emphasizes on other aspects like age, appetite, digestive power, contents of diet, season etc. Combination of these principles is more useful to provide optimum benefit of any diet substance to one self as it is the personalized protocol. Conclusion: Implementation of concept of Ahara and Ahara Kalpana for maintenance of health and management of diseases can provide a better option for nutraceuticals science in upcoming future in terms of palatability, cost effectiveness and easy option for prevent many deficiencies, malnutrition and life style disorders.

8

Authors: Arun Gupta1 *, L P Dei2 , C R Harisha3 and V J Shukla

Background: Since ages, Ayurvedic formulations are used as a colic and spasmodic pain relieving medications. Shool Prashaman Dashemani is a group of ten spasmodic pain relieving group of herbs described in Charaka Samhita. Shool Prashaman Dashemani Churna is constituted of Piper longum (dried fruits) (Dried roots), Piper retrofractum (Dried roots), Plumbago zeylanica (Dried roots), Zingiber officinalis(Dried rhizomes), Piper Nigrum (Dried fruits), Carum carvii (Dried fruits), Cymium cuminii (Dried fruits), Cleome viscose (Dried seeds), and Coleus forskohili(Dried roots).Standardization of herbal formulation is essential in order to assess the authenticity, quality and purity of herbal preparation. The present paper reports standardization of this polyherbal preparation which can be a potential anti-spasmodic preparation. Aim: To develop the pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical profile of Shool Prashaman Dashemani Churna. Materials and Methods: Shool Prashaman Dashemani Churna was prepared as per the classical methods and subjected to pharmacognostical, organo-leptic, physico-chemical analysis and HPTLC examination by optimizing the solvent system. Results and Conclusions: Pharmacognostical profile of Shool Prashaman Dashemani Churna was established by observing the characteristic pharmacognosical markers of the authentic drug sources in powder microscopy of the finished product. Physico-chemical standards were found to be within the permissible limits of a churna preparation as per the standards prescribed by the Ayurvedic Pharmacopeia of India. HPTLC fingerprinting profile demonstrated 15 spots at 254 nm and 5 spots at 366nm

9

Authors: Jeetika Duggal1 *and Manu Bhai Gaur

Ancient scholars of Ayurveda have wonderfully explained various metabolic events undergoing at different levels inside a human body through functions of several types of Agni. There are 13 types of Agni, functioning normally at different levels and thus maintaining the health of an individual, while on becoming suppressed or vitiated leads to death of the individual. In modern era, these Agnis are often compared with the enzymes and biochemical substances which take part in biological and/or biophysical transformations and reactions. Since Mandagni is told as the causative factors for all the diseases, present article attempts to establish a better understanding between bhootagni with special reference to modern physiology, which will definitely support the system of ayurvedic sciences in prevention and cure of all diseases.

9

Authors: Alka Sharma1 * and Niranjan Rao

Kustha is considered as a bahudosha avastha janya vyadhi which involves tridosha, rasa, rakta, mamsa, lasika for the manifestation. Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatological disease. It is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder clinically characterized by well-defined erythematous plaques with silvery scale with predilection for the extensor surfaces and scalp and a chronic fluctuating course. The prevalence is approximately 2% in European populations. Hence by considering all these facts acharya’s advised repeated administration of various types of Shodhana line of treatment. Virechana is one among the Shodhana procedure, which is explained in classics for expulsion of vitiated pitta dosha. Here vyoshadi yoga was selected for virechana karma. It is an open clinical study with pre -test and post -test design; where in minimum of 20 patients diagnosed as psoriasis fulfilling the inclusion criteria will be subjected to Virechana Karma. Multidimensional assessment of psoriasis was done, before and after the treatment with psoriasis area severity index (PASI), Auspitz sign, and candle grease sign. Results obtained were analysed for the statistical significance using Wilcoxon signed rank test for qualitative data and paired t- test for numerical or qualitative data. The statistical analysis showed that there was statistically significant improvement in parameters like Erythema, Scaling, and Itching. Hence, Vyoshadi yoga can be effectively used in management of psoriasis for shodhana karma.

10

Authors: Mamata P Adhao (Ganorkar)

Medical emergency is an acute illness that retains an instantaneous risk to a person's life or long term health. The major gross channel- Mahastrotasa, transports metabolically produced substances, to all parts of the body, and nurtures the sthira dhatus, and can be compared with digestive system. Food is needed to fuel our bodies for growth, energy and repair, if taken in proper quantity and by proper way it acts as Rasayana in the body, if taken disobediently, it acts as a poison and may lead to medical emergencies like Choking, Cafe Coronary, and sometimes death may occur. Food poisoning is vital medical emergency. Some signs like vomiting, diarrhea, sweating, severe abdominal cramps are more serious symptoms and could mean there’s an emergency medical problem. Due to the modern way of life, different types of food combinations and taste makers used in cooking and not taking proper care while preparing food due to commercial view lead in sever medical emergencies. According to Ayurveda Classics the causative factors are Non-bacterial i.e. Viruddha Aahara, Aamvish, Dushivish, Garvisha and Bacterial i.e. two types of Krimi (organism) - Drisya (visible) and Adrisya (invisible). According to modern science and recent advances, food poisoning consist of all illness which results from ingestion of food. Food-borne illnesses are usually contagious and lethal in nature, caused by Viruses, Bacteria, Parasites, Fungi, and chemical substances causes severe medical emergencies like meningitis. Chemical contamination can cause acute poisoning and lifelong diseases, like cancer. Pesticide residue in food, Botulism, and food adulteration are another significant food, related medical emergencies. Food can play a major role in coronavirus ongoing global pandemic.

10

Authors: Pradnya Y Meshram*, Vandana S Shinde2 and Sushil V Chawre

Ayurveda is the eternal science. Ayurveda has described pandemic conditions as Janpadodhwance and Janmar with their treatment and guidelines in Charak Samhita and Bhel Samhita respectively. Symptoms of COVID 19 can be correlated with Aupsargic Rogas described in Sushrut Samhita. Acharyas gave guidelines to treat such conditions. To apply this knowledge one should have faith in Ayurveda and with the help of Yuktiguna, we can apply this knowledge for the betterment of mankind. Herbal drugs have proved their effectiveness for a long time in rare diseases. There are no evidence-based therapies for the Covid-19 pandemic to treat the patients successfully. The Vaidyas had attempted to create Siddhamrutkwath formulation with the help of Yuktiguna, and textual knowledge, at Ayurvedic OPD in the crisis of the COVID -19 pandemic. With the honest feeling of social responsibility, drugs in the powder form for decoction were freely distributed among 2000 subjects including COVID warriors like health care workers, policemen, and staff nurses. In short term consumption of medication, improvement was seen in Ras-raktadidatu and signs-symptoms of flu-like conditions. It was also seen that Siddhamrutkwath had better results in stress management and as a preventive measure in COVID 19 pandemic. So an effort was taken in a scientific way to present this work in the frame of the research.

11

Authors: Kitthu Suresh1 *, Padmakiran C2 , Rajalaxmi M G3 and Niranjan Rao

Shoola and karmahani are the symptoms which make the patient to compromise his/ her physical, psychological, social efficiencies. Among them, Gridhrasi is most common condition where the involvement of vata and/or vata kapha is evident by the symptoms like shoola, stambha, toda, karmahanai, gaurava, arochaka. The line of management adopted should be vata/ vatakaphahara, and able to relieve the acute, severe symptoms as early as possible. Text highlights the use of basti, snehana and swedana in the management of gridhrasi. Based on the reference of vataghna basti, erandamula kashaya niruha basti was selected which has vata/vatakaphahara and rasayana effect. As there is association of shoola, stambha, gaurava, swedana as Erandamula kashaya nadi sweda has been selected. Present study was a single blind clinical study with pre and post test design wherein 20 patients were treated with 6 prasruta erandamula niruha basti prepared in vataghna basti dosage and administered in a yoga basti course. Along with that, erandamula kashaya nadi sweda was given for 30 min daily for 8 days. Patients were assessed before and after the treatment and after 16 days of follow up based on the standard parameters. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for analysis of data. The study showed statistically significant improvement in all the parameters selected for the study. Hence, Erandamula Niruha basti with Erandamula kashaya Nadi sweda can be effectively advised in the management of gridhrasi..

11

Authors: Preeti1 * and Maya Tiwari

Healing is the process of being sound and healthy or in other terms, in an equilibrium state. Health exists in different planes or can be said as multidimensional as mentioned in ancient literature as well as in contemporary science. There is influence of various factors on health, Thus to be healthy or to heal someone is also a need to be done at different planes, which is missing somewhere presently. To bring the concept of holistic health there is dire need of integration of different systems like Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Chakra Balancing, Acupuncture and Pressure etc they work at different planes that are discussed here.

11

Authors: Priyanka M Thakare1 *, P V Kulkarni2 , and S V Suryavanshi3

Ahara, Nidra and Brahmacharya are recognizing as three Upsthambha (Sub pillars) essential for the smooth running of life. Ahara is most important factor for life.The human body is the produce from Ahara (food) and it is considered as the supporter of life.According to Charaka our health and disease both are dependent on Ahara.If we take diet in proper manner, it can lead to better health or else can lead to disease. The contents or substances in food by any person, their specific tastes (Rasa), qualities (Guna), potencies are responsible for balance of the Dosha and Dhatu. Conventional Western approachis very different from the Ayurvedic approach to food and manner of food. Today’s food substances and method of taking food are very different from Ayurvedic approach. This can lead to different disease so there is need to understand role of Ahara in health or in diseases. Ayurvedic principles are concerned about every part of the body, mentally and physically through about Ahara, Nidra and all basic needs.

12

Authors: Saritha A K 1 *, G Shrinivasa Acharya2 and Shailesh Y

Background: The innumerable manifestations of skin diseases can be brought under the term Kusta. Kitibha Kusta is one among the Kshudra Kusta with symptoms like Krishna shyava pidaka (blackish brown skin lesions) with Kinaghara sparsha (rough to touch) associated with Kandu (itching) and Parushata (hard to touch) which mimics the disease Lichen planus which is an inflammatory condition of the skin and mucous membrane. It is triggered by the immune response of the body and it is presented itself with maculopapular primary skin lesions and secondary scaly lesions. Case Presentation: A female patient aged 16 years presented with the complaints of skin rashes in the body which are blackish red in colour, rough to touch associated with itching, burning sensation, minimal scaling and reduced appetite since 4 months. Management & Outcome: For the chronic lingering diseases like Kusta, the Vyadhihara rasayana (disease specific rejuvenation) are advised. Tuvaraka rasayana (Hydnocarpus laurifolia) was advised to the patient after Virechana Karma (therapeutic purgation) starting with the dose of 5ml. After 3 months of the treatment there was significant reduction in the signs and symptoms of the disease with a 60% improvement in the condition. Discussion: Kusta which involves the Bahudosha avastha (excessive accumulation of morbid dosha) can be best treated with Shodhana (therapeutic elimination of the morbid dosha) therapy. Virechana karma is superior in managing Raktapradoshaja vikara (diseases due to morbid rakta) like Kusta. Rasayana chikitsa is paramount in controlling the disease process of chronic diseases like Kitibha Kusta as proved by the results.

12

Authors: Netam Tripti1 *, Singh Balendra2 , Nirmalkar Uttam Kumar3 and Pradhan Pradeep

Diabetic ulcer is a chronic and common complication of poorly controlled diabetes forming as a result of skin tissue breaking down and exposing the layer underneath. Diabetic ulcer can lead to infection, gangrene, amputation and even death if proper management and appropriate patient education is not provided. Wound healing is a natural process but factors like foreign body, vascular insufficiency, contamination of wound, immune compromised state like Diabetes mellitus affects the normal physiological process of healing. Diabetic ulcer is one type of DustaVrana(non-healing ulcer)which has continuously flowing putrefied pus along with blood, abnormal colour, intense pain, foul smell, takes long time to heal. DustaVrana needs Ropana (wound healing) followed by Shodhana (debridment) Chikitsa. Acharya Susrut broadly described the Shashtiupakrama (Sixty procedure) for the management of Vrana.Wound in lower extremities require proper care before it convert into DustaVrana.

14

Authors: Balraj Tamta1 *, Ruby Rani Agarwal2 , Shobhit Kumar3 and Pallavi Bhushan

Disease like diabetes which emerged as 7th biggest cause of death in India & is likely to double in next decade, diabetes mellitus is also known as ojo-meha and till date no study has been done to evaluate the status of ojodusti in madhumeha1 . The present study has been selected with an assumption that, as the diabetes progresses, the quality and quantity of the Oja disturbs in the form of vyapad, vishransh & kshaya that makes patient prone for many symptoms & diseases ranging from mild, moderate to severe. Main purpose of the study is to assess the status of the Oja in diabetic patient with the help of sign & symptoms given in Ayurvedic classics2 . By taking into consideration of the above facts, in this study 40 patients of Madhumeha were screened with the help of self prepared questionnaire to assess the status of Ojas in diabetic patients.

16

Authors: Chaitra B 1 *and Niranjan Rao

Acharyas have appreciated Basti as a unique form of treatment modality. It can be easily performed in all the age group persons; whereas other Shodhana procedure cannot be performed. Basti karma is the best choice of treatment for Vata dosha and Vata associated with Kapha and Pitta. Vata is responsible for Gati Gamana, which is required for Shareera Vyapara. Charaka specifically gives importance to treat the Sthanika Dosha first then Sthanantara dosha. Pakwashaya is said to be the main seat of Vata dosha. Adopting treatment modality like Basti Karma will help in bringing Vata into its normalcy. Hence, it is to be considered as one of the suitable treatments for diseases of Vata dosha predominance; supporting to this Vagbhata says it as “Ardha chikitsa”. Parkinsonism is the most common form of a group of progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the clinical features including bradykinesia, rest tremor, muscular rigidity, shuffling gait and flexed posture. Prevalence of Parkinsonism is about 0.3% of the whole world population in industrial countries and is more common in elderly and prevalence rises from 1% in those over 60 years of age to 4% of the population over 80 years. Parkinsonism can be understood by term to vatavyadhi (avaranvatavyadhi). Panchaprsrutiki basti mentioned in charaka samhitha sidhi stana mentions its phalasrithi as vatagna and balavarana krutha. So this study was taken up to manage Parkinsonism in better way in low cost.

20

Authors: Mangala Jadhav1 and Ruchi Sharma

Prevalence rate of fungal infection is found to be 20-25% worldwide according to WHO. Nowadays oral and topical antifungals are used to treat these fungal infections. But due to its increased use, people developed resistance against this drugs. This led to rise in identification of some safe herbal drug or formulations which can be used to treat these infections and they show good efficacy and safety. Ayurveda has mentioned a skin disorder, dadru whose symptoms resemble with that of fungal infections. So treatment of dadru can be investigated in fungal infections. For that it’s important to understand the meaning and symptoms of dadru, its correlations with fungal infection and its treatment mentioned in ayurveda and allopathic science. Also, in ayurvedic literature there are ample of pharmaceutical formulations mentioned for the treatment of dadru. In this study an attempt has been made to compile all the data about dadru, symptoms, treatment and formulations mentioned in Charak samhita, Sushrut samhita, Asthang sangrah, Madhav nidhan, Bhavprakash, Yogratnakar, Sharangdhar, Rasa ratna samucchya and rasa tarangini in one place so that researchers can use it and further evaluated them in preclinical and clinical studies for its efficacy and safety.