International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharmaceutical Chemistry

6

Authors: Anuruddh Gupta and Santosh YM

Introduction: Bhagandara (Fistula-In-Ano) is one of the common Gudagatarogasfound in routine practice. Kshar Sutraisthe most popular therapy in managing the Bhagandar. Multiple sittings are needed to alleviate bhagandar with threading treatment. As thread changing process is painful, it often causes fear in the minds of the patients which results in the drop out in follow-ups and causes failures in cure rates. To overcome this problem here an effort has been made to manage a case of Fistula-In-Ano byusing a new techniqueof thread changing which offers less pain and better acceptance by patients. Methodology: Following7 days of the primarykshara sutra threading, the patient was called for thread changing. The Kshara Sutra was taken. The thread was folded from the centre point so that it became double. After cleaning the fistulous tract, the freshthreadwas inserted in the loop of the old Kshara Sutra through proper holding. Then the knot of old thread was opened, so that it became free from both the sides and with mosquito forceps the thread was pulled.In this way slowly the old thread came out and got easily changed with a new thread without any pain and no knots were left inside during changing the thread. Then, knot was again put for the new Sutra and the old one was removed from the centre. So in this way the kshara sutra got changed without any pain. Conclusion: This new technique of Kshara Sutra application and changing was found to be more effective, safe, pain free andoffer better follow up rates in the patients which yields good recovery.

7

Authors: Jaya J S and Lohi Das J

Legumes are considered as the prime source of proteins with desirable nutritional qualities. The qualitative phytochemical and FT-IR spectrum analysis of two different legume cultivators of Vigna mungo and Macrotyloma uniflorum were collected from Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu. Qualitative phytochemical analysis shows the presence of various phytochemicals like protein, tannins, steroids, alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, saponins and carbohydrates. FTIR peaks showed the presence of alkenes, carboxylic acids and alkanes. Further, mechanistic studies on pharmacological evaluation are needed for development of active compounds from these legumes for the therapy and treatments.

7

Authors: Maind Ashwini A, Doijode Megha S and Zile Kalpana C

In Ayurveda Indralupta (Alopecia areata) is a disease in which hair loss from some part or all areas of our body, usually from scalp. It shows one or more round spot on the scalp. In modern medicine Steroid is the only treatment for this disease Hair often regrows on its own but treatment helps the hair to regrow more quickly. Jalaukavacharana (Leech therapy) is mentioned as Shodhana therapy in Raktapradushaja Vikaras by Sushruta Acharya. Jalauka (Leech) not only removes impure blood from body but also injects biologically active substances which help in management of various disorders like Indralupta (Alopecia areata). In this case report patient with Indralupta (Alopecia areata) disease is treated with local Jalaukavacharan (Leech therapy).

7

Authors: Kalpana C. Zile, Dhimdhime R S and Ashwini Maind

Skin is the largest organ and an important outer protective covering of body. Urbanization and changing lifestyle affects the physiology of human beings which is also responsible for a chronic skin disease called as psoriasis. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, recurrent, immune mediated skin condition. It can have negative impact on physical, emotional and psychosocial status of affected person. Prevalence rate shows that it affects 1-2% of worldwide population in both the genders. In Ayurveda psoriasis is correlated with Ekakushta. Ayurveda described 18 type of Kushta in Samhita Granthas, in which 7 are Mahakushta and 11 are Skshudra Kushta. Ekakushta is a Vata-Kaphaj Dosha Pradhan Vyadhi having a symptom of Aswedana, Mahavastu, Matsyashakalopma. In allopathy there is no well-defined treatment for psoriasis, whereas in Ayurveda, to cure psoriasis from its root very well-defined treatments are present in the Shodhan Chikitsa, Shaman Chikitsa and Rasayan Chikitsa.

7

Authors: Gaurav Soni

Medicine is a persistently advancing and changing discipline. Literary research is a necessity in today’s perspective to get the hidden & unexplored knowledge. The Ancient Vedas are the initially written records of the wisdom & insights of Indian seers & scholars. Many specific words have been explained in the classical treatise in a specific context, several of which are of anatomical utility which is yet to be verified in the contemporary terminology. One of such unexplored term is MamsaRajju(rope like arrangement of Muscles) which is mentioned by Acharya Sushruta. MamsaRajju is specially described in the context of Prushta; which means Pashcchatbhaga of Shareera(back of body), which helps in standing forth prominently. Its position and enumeration are described while explaining the Paribhasha(definition) of various structures like Snayu(ligament), Kandara(tendon) etc in identifying a particular structure. Mamsanibandhani(stabilizing muscle arrangement) is to be used in respect to MamsaRajju as per commentator Acharya Dalhana. As per current knowledge of anatomy, there are complex structures present on the back in the form of muscles, ligaments, bones, joints, fascia and related neurovascular structures. Thus, by critically analyzing these structures, from Rachanatamka(anatomical) purview, we can determine specific anatomical structure which can be quoted as MamsaRajju.

8

Authors: Sheetal Tokle, Ram Shukla, and Vibhuti Chudhari

Panchakarma comprises of five Karmas that include Vamana, Virechana, Basti, Nasya and Raktamokshana. Basti is described as complete therapy because it has vast field of therapeutic action. Acharya Charak has mentioned the Samyak yoga, Ayoga and Atiyoga of Panchkarma in Siddhi Sthana. An old lady aged 48 years was treated for Sthaulya(obesity) by Lekhana Basti. During the third, fourth and fifth Lekhana Basti the patient suffered from abdominal pain, headache, pain and burning sensation in anal region and abdomen with difficulty in passing flatus. These symptoms are given in Niruha Basti Ayoga Janit Vyapada by Acharya Charak. One important observation which was noticed in this study was that her blood pressure was increased while she was suffering from these symptoms, but when the patient was treated with Tikshana Niruha Basti made from Madanphal Kashaya as part of management of Ayoga of NiruhaBasti, the patient not only got relief in above symptoms but her blood pressure was also within the normal range. The management of the Ayoga Vyapada in the present case indicates that there seems to be a correlation between Ayoga of Niruha Basti and hypertension. Shirashoola which is a symptom of Ayoga of Niruha basti is also the cardinal symptom of Hypertension. A number of such case studies need to be observed to establish the relationship between the symptoms of Ayoga Vyapada of Niruha Basti and hypertension.

8

Authors: Pooja B, Govinda Sharma K and Archana Pagad

Introduction Varti kalpana is a derivative of vati kalpana explained in Ayurvedic Pharmaceutics. These are meant for local application and helps in expelling the accumulated doshas from the applied area. There are different types of varti based on its use and indication like yoni, guda, shishna, netra, dhumra, nasa and vrana varti. Methods An extensive search for published review and research articles on varti kalpana was done in both print and digital versions of indexed peer reviewed journals. Observation and Results It was found that eleven research works and two review articles have been published in the field of Varti kalpana. Among them three were analytical studies, one SOP, one in vitro study, one case report and five clinical studies. Discussion It is seen that Pippalyadi Varti is effective in Kaphaja Yoni vyapath, Panchavalkaladi and Dhatakyadi varti in Upaplutha yoni vyapath, Nimbadi varti in Shweta pradara, Peelu taila varti in Arshas, Shwitrahara varti in Shwitra. The analytical study was about generation of preliminary standards. The trend of research in Varti kalpana is seen more in Prasuti tantra and Streeroga followed by Shalakya tantra, Shalya tantra speciality. Further clinical study is required on Pathyadi, Darvyadi, Chandrodaya and Vimala varti to substantiate its efficacy. Conclusion Varti kalpana has a wider application in various branches of ayurveda. Hence an attempt has been made to review different research works on varti kalpana and could trace out eleven research works and two review articles that are published. It is also noted that wide field of research area is vacant in Varti kalpana.

8

Authors: B. M. N. Kumar

Ayurveda, a hidden abode of basic concepts and treatment aspects had suffered from many hurdles in its progress and not communicated properly since a few centuries. An extensive description about Lasika is available in Ayurvedic literature but the correlative interpretation and applied aspect of Lasika with latest up to date modern parameters is not available. The advancing age of information technology demands the classical ancient Ayurveda to be communicated, interpreted and correlated in term of existing knowledge for international debate. Modern Anatomy describes circulatory fluids are two types’ viz-blood and lymph. Rasa word is meant for digested part of food or Ahar rasa. In this Saumya ahar rasa is one part of Ahar rasa, which concerned to the Lasika. This Rasa/ Lasika circulated through Kaphavaha Siras and nourish the different body parts. The present article aims to elaborate the concept of Lasika in Ayurveda and in comparison with modern anatomy in various aspects.

8

Authors: Krishnapriya S, Pavan K Sreerudran and Gazala Hussain

Agada tantra is an ashtanga of Ayurveda that deals with toxicology. The substance which causes sadness to the world just at the sight of it, is called visha. Poison is a substance which when introduced into or applied to the body is capable of injuring health or destroying life. It causes damage to tissues, illness or death to the organism. For the management of poison many procedures have been explained by Charaka as Chaturvimshati upakrama. Anjana and nasya are some of the measures which are mostly used in the emergency management of poisoning when the patient is in unconscious state. This article highlights the three important anjana yogas mentioned in visha vaidya jyotsnika.

8

Authors: Govind Narayan, Hardik Chudasama and Gopesh Mangal

Spondylosis is broad term meaning degeneration of the spinal column from any cause. The degenerative process in osteoarthritis chiefly affects the vertebral bodies, the neural foramina and facet joints. Although Lumbarspondylosis itself is asymptomatic, in MRI L.S. Spine, there is significant in concentric bulge of L3 & L4-5 discs mild ligamentum flavum thickening and early facetalarthopathy. In Ayurveda, It can compare with a disease kati shool, characterized by Kati pradeshe vedana, kriya sannirodha, sharama hani, Gamane-ashakti. A 35 year old male patient reported to the outdoor department of Panchakarma, NIA, Jaipur, with the complains of Kati pradeshe shool, Gamane-ashakti, Shramahani, Kriya sannirodhafor last 6 years and other associate complaints were debility, lethargy, lack of sleep for one month. The patient was diagnosed as Lumbar spondylosis. A combination of Haritaki Churna (3g), Bilwa Churna (3g), three times in a day. Along with Dashamool Kwath (20 ml), four times in a day, along with YograjGugglu (2 tab) three times a day after taking dinner Erandsneha (20ml) with luke warm water was administrated for one month. In Panchkarma Procedure, patra panda swedanalong with Kala basti (Erandmooladi niruh basti and Anuvasan basti with Dashmool tail) for 16 days. After one month of treatment a significant response was found.

9

Authors: Anoop A S, Lakshmiprasad L Jadhav, Deepa Puranikamath, Madhavi and Sreedevi KS

Thromboangitis Obliterans is an inflammatory occlusive vascular disorder involving small and medium sized arteries and veins in the distal upper and lower extremities. The disorder develops most commonly in men less than 40 years of age. Although the cause is unknown, there is a definite relationship to cigarette smoking in patients with this disorder. The clinical feature of TAO often include a triad of claudication of the affected extremity, Raynaud’s phenomenon, and migratory superficial vein thrombophlebitis. In ayurevda, TAO can be understood as Gambhareera Vatarakta manifested as a result of Avarana by Pitta, Kapha and Medas. Therefore, the main line of management of TAO in Ayurveda include Avarana chikitsa, Raktamokshana, Kevela Vata chikitsa and Rasayana.

9

Authors: Dahikar Minal, Chaudhari Vaishali, Nakade Mamta, Pranesh Gaikwad and, Changade Jayashri

Ayurveda is an ultimate science and art for an appropriate life style which helps us to achieve healthy life. But in the new era of industrialization, it is very difficult for every individual to follow proper choice of diet (Ahara) and living habits (Vihara) which help to restore equilibrium of body and mind. Scaling of skin/ Darunaka is a concerned problem among them. Management of Darunaka is very challenging in spite of all modern tools in our hand. Darunaka is also a root cause of hairfall and acne. There is a need to find safe and effective treatment for dandruff and as Ayurveda is known for its least to no side effects, hence for treating Darunaka cases, we have chosen Kantakari Siddha Taila shiroabhyanga which is described by Rasratnasamuchhaya in chapter Shiroroga. The ingredients are easily available, non-controversial and this medicine is cost-effective and easily available throughout India.

10

Authors: S. Bharath Narendra and Anita Patel

Klaibya is one of the diseases described by Caraka acharya under the sexual disorders in his samhita. Its signs and symptoms are similar to erectile dysfunction (ED) in modern biomedicine such as, reduced erection, intercourse and ejaculation time (DOER, DOIC and DOEJ). While searching for a remedy it was understood that Bala aswagandhadi taila (BA oil) proves to be quite useful in neurological (vata vyadhi) and muscular problems which may be helpful in making a man get erection. Total of 100 patients were selected randomly and divided in 4 groups. Each group consisted of 25 patients. BA oil was used in all the 4 groups. The patients were validated with 3 subjective parameters DOER, DOIC and DOEJ. And, an internationally renowned scoring termed as Quality of Erection Questionnaire (QEQ) which is an objective parameter. APMB (Ascension Protocol Matra Basti) is a new type of Arohana Matra Basti devised in this study. APMB and Matra basti were administered separately without sthanika abhyanga in group 1 and 2 respectively. And, in groups 3 and 4 they were administered along with Sthanika Abhyanga. The results showed that APMB yielded better results than traditional Matra Basti. And, in groups 3 & 4, the results of Matra Basti and APMB were improved exponentially when given in conjunction with Sthanika Abhyanga.

10

Authors: Kamna Singh, Namrata Khobragade, Sangram Mishra and Sunita Temhunna

In recent years disease related to gastrointestinal (Aamashaya samuttha) have become common to the world. It is due to the working schedule, changing diet pattern and behavioral and mental stress. The main etiological factor of this disease is faulty life style and food habits like Viruddha Aahar (incompatible diet as example madhu with ghee in equal quantity), Dusta Bhojana (unhygienic or improper diet), Ritu Vishesh (seasonal factor- varsha (July- august) and sharad ritu (September-october), Desha vishesh persons who regularly enjoys Pittala Ahara as example Madya, Kulatha and Bhrista Dhanya, reforms Pitta Vidagdha avastha. Pitta dosh is vitiated and is reformed to Amladravya in Aamashaya where it produces a disease Amlapitta. Awareness of pathya apathy aahar vihar can prevent Amlapitta. In comparison to modern science Rupa of Amlapitta resembles with Gastritis. This research article deals with concept of Samapitta, role of agni, nidan panchatmka adhyayan of Samapitta (Amlapitta) and its management through pathyaapathya.

10

Authors: Devyani Dasar (Reena Jaiswal)

BACKGROUND - Siravyadhana (Blood-letting), a popular Para-surgical procedure in Ayurveda system of surgery is time tested. It has been used for Pain relieving and for expulsion of victimized blood from the body; however mechanism of these effects has not been studied. OBJECTIVES-To evaluate the effect of Siravyadhanatherapy alone and in combination with TrishothadiLepam and also to establish the role of Ayurveda(Classical) technique in the management of Foot Ulcers to make them much more valid and evidence based. STUDY DESIGN-A single controlled clinical study having sample size 20 patients, from OPD and IPD, Department of Shalya-Tantra at TTD’s S.V. Ayurveda Hospital, Tirupati,(AP), were selected on the basis of Inclusion and Exclusion criteria. GROUPING- Group-ASiravyadhana, Group-B- Siravyadhana with TrishothadiLepamDURATION- 42 days (6 weeks),weekly once with follow-up for 3 months.Oxygen saturation was measured with Pulse Oximetry before and after the procedure. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE-Wound healing was found faster in this procedure. RESULTS- Siravyadhana is the most efficacious procedure found in this trial.The statistical evaluations of all the results were displayed in the form of tables and graphs. CONCLUSION-It is found effective in the management of foot ulcers. This procedure showed good effect on inflammatory markers and enhanced the proper circulation at the site of foot ulcer. Application of TrishothadiLepam though did not show any extra advantage but proved good effects on Wound Healing.

11

Authors: Kruthika B and Niranjan Rao

Pakshaghata is a dreadful disease of modern era as a result of so many health problems such as Hypertension, Atherosclerosis etc. induced due to modern life style and as a complication of the other diseases,it needs panchakarma treatment. Stroke is the 2nd leading cause of death in people above the age of 60yrs, and 5thleading cause in people aged 20 to 59yrs old1 . Pakshaghata can be co-related with stroke phenomena. According to WHO, stroke or CVA is a “rapidly developing clinical signs of focal (or global) disturbance of cerebral function, with symptoms lasting 24 hours or longer or leading to death, with no apparent cause other than of vascular origin”2 . Pakshaghata is one among the nanaatmaja vata vyadhi3 , considered as a maharoga from point of prognosis andduschikitsya4 .Here the greatly aggravated vata, invades the shareera dhamani’s causing sandhibandhamoksha and paralyzing one side of the body causing cheshtahani of the side with pain and loss of speech. In this condition the yuktaratha basti which is having vatahara guna is beneficial5 . Hence owing to the simple ingredients with high therapeutic efficacy stated in chikitsa sthana of sushrutha samhitha, yuktaratha basti was selected for the study5 , from OPD and IPD of SDM Ayurveda College and Hospital, Udupi.Yuktaratha basti with moorchitha tila taila anuvasna basti was carried out in all the 28 patients in yoga basti pattern. Results were assessed on the basis of fixed subjective and objective parameters. The study has shown encouraging results on functional knack of pakshaghata.

11

Authors: Anoop A S, Lakshmiprasad L Jadhav2 and Sreelakshmi.P

Background: Hypothyroidism in Ayurveda can be understood as kapha pradhana tridoshaja, agnimandya janya vyadhi making the dushti of dhatus predominantly rasa and medas. Chitrakadi vati was selected as it contains pancha lavana and kshara dvaya which help in agni deepana and ama pachana at koshta and dhatu level.Avipathi churnam was selected for the purpose of koshta shodhana and it helps in suka virechana and vata anulomana due to the presence of trivrut Aims and Objectives: To study the combined effectiveness of Chitrakadi vati and Avipathi churnam in the management of hypothyroidism. Methodology: Among 23 registered patients, 20 of them completed the course of treatment. They were administered with Chitrakadi vati 1 tablet (250 mg ) half an hour before food with warm water twice daily (morning and evening) for a period of 84 days and Avipathi churnam 12 gms in early morning empty stomach with honey once in a month for 3 consecutive months. Subjective parameters were assessed by Cochran’s Q and Mc Nemar tests. Objective parameters were assessed by Repeated Measures Anova and Paired T Test. Result: There was statistically significant improvement in the signs and symptoms of Hypothyroidism and thyroid profile. (p<0.05 was observed) Conclusion: Chitrakadi vati and Avipathi churnam are effective in the management of hypothyroidism.

11

Authors: Behera Sunita and Chanana Amrish

Marma science is one of the unique concepts of Ayurveda. Ancient scholars of Ayurveda have described a total of 107 Marma in the body. It is formed by the confluence of Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi and it is the site where vital energy resides. Marma are the vulnerable areas present in the body, any trauma on the Marma region may cause loss of function of that organ or site and even death may occur depending upon the site and strength of the trauma. Sushruta has described Marma areas from the view of surgery; Charak has given utmost importance to Basti Marma by placing it among the three major Marmas of body (Shira/Head, Hridaya/Heart and Basti/Urinary Bladder). Basti Marma is considered as one among Sadyo pranahara(instant fatal), any injury to this Marma may cause peritonitis, pelvic arterial hemorrhage, pelvic fracture and deep vein thrombosis that’s why any trauma to Basti region causes death due to septic or hypovolemic shock and pulmonary embolism. The aim of this study is to review the position and the scope of instant fatality of Basti Marma in present era. In ancient times the main cause of injury in pelvic region was sharp weapons used in the battles between the two states but now-a -days penetrating and blunt trauma due to road accidents, sports injury has become the leading cause of pelvic injury, so the updated knowledge of Basti Marma and the symptoms, prognosis of traumatic bladder in the light of contemporary science is very essential so that proper management can be provided to the victims of bladder injury.

13

Authors: Kailash Chandra Kataria and Shrinidhi Kumar K

Hair is important skin appendage which has vital role to play in perspiration and temperature maintenance, but equally important cosmetically. Once own appearance as well as psychological make-up is definitely highlighted by certain external factors like skin complexion, texture and pigmentation of the hair. As we know Hyper and hypo pigmentation of the skin and hairs is a genetically determined entity and shows wide range of variation in its presentation. The biological process of gray hair appears to be associated with the progressive loss of pigment producing cells. Hair is said to gray prematurely when it occurs before the age of 20 in whites, 25 in Asians and 30 in Africans. Canities or premature graying of the hairs in childhood clinical practice is significantly increasing in recent days which can be attributed to significant changes in life style, dietary habits and environmental pollution. Ultraviolet light, smoking, water pollution with increased fluoride contents, drugs, trace elements, nutritional deficiencies and increase in academic stress are certain other causes. In Ayurvedic literature also we come across a disorder by name, Palitya which is confined to scalp hairs and caused by certain external (Agantuka) and internal (Doshic) factors, resulting in discolorisation of the scalp hairs. Detailed explanation of pathology, symptomatology, causative factors, environmental and psychological factors of disease Palitya has been explained in Ayurveda with reference to ShiroRogas. Hence present paper emphasizes the critical analysis of childhood premature graying of the hair in children in present scenario and its Ayurvedic understanding along with preparation of its treatment protocol

14

Authors: Rohit Waskar and J K Sharma

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder with multiple joint pain and swelling. RA causes significant morbidity. In modern medicine for treatment of RA, immunosuppressor drugs, steroids and NSAIDS are used that have many adverse effects. Hence there is a need to evaluate an alternate efficacious therapy which does not have any untoward effect. For the present study Shamana therapy on Amavata by Mahaaushadhikwath has been taken. According to Yogratnakar Amavata Chikitsaprakarana, Mahaaushadhi kwath is indicated in Aamvata because of its contents Guduchi that has properties like Tridoshashamak, Samgrahi, Balya, Dipana, Rasayan, Raktasodhak, Jwaraghna and Sunthi having properties as Dipana, Pachana, Anulomana, Amadoshahara, Vatakaphaha, Hrydya. All these properties are beneficial and effective against Aamvata, which will do the Sampraptivishathan of Amavata. Aims & Objectives – This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of Mahaaushadhi kwath in the managemanet of Amavata vis – a- vis Rheumatoid Arthritis. Methodology – In this clinical study 30 patients fulfilling inclusive criteria was given Mahaushadhi kwath for 60 days in a dose of 48ml and follow-up after 15 days. All the patients were in pathya aahara during the study. Result - The relief observed in all the four cardinal symptoms was statistically significant in this study. This proves that the drug Mahaaushadhi Kwath is effective in alleviating the cardinal symptoms of Amavata. Conclusion - It was observed that symptomatology of RA closely resembles with the disease Àmavata. Mahaushadhikwath used in the present study, proved to be a good anti-inflammatory, analgesic formulation. To ascertain the mode of action of Mahaushadhi kwath its trial on large sample is recommended.

15

Authors: Ashwini Kumar Kushwaha and Vinod Kumar Joshi

A survey on plants described in Mahakashaya of Charaka Samhita was conducted at Rajeev Gandhi South Campus, situated in village Barkaccha, district Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh. The objective was to find out naturally grown medicinal plants that described in Mahakashaya of Charaka Samhita an Ayurvedic classic, in the study area. In South Campus of Barkaccha, total eighty five Mahakashayas medicinal plants are found, out of which thirty two medicinal plants are placed in individual Mahakashaya and rest fifty three medicinal plants are recognised under more than one Mahakashaya. The botanical name, family, chemical constituents, ethnobotanical uses, part used and name of Mahakashaya in which plants are grouped are listed.

17

Authors: Lovelesh Gupta and Shrinidhi Kumar K

INTRODUCTION: Obesity (Sthaulya) is defined as a condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissue, to the extent that health may be impaired. (Obesity) is one among the major diseases of modern era. STUDY TYPE: Randomised controlled open labelled interventional trial. AGE GROUP: Individuals of either sex aged between 5-15 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty patients of childhood obesity for present study were selected from OPD and IPD of PG Department of Kaumarbhritya, NIA, Jaipur after screening them for the same by following different diagnostic criteria’s. Various schools in and around Jaipur were also screened for selection of the patients. Selected patients were randomly divided in Group A and Group B, 15 patients in each group. Group A were advised indigenous Ayurvedic compound i.e. Lekhaneeya Gana Drugs along with Bilvadi Panchamoola along with dietary and life style modification and group B were advised to follow strict dietary restrictions which fulfil the caloric requirement of body and instruction Chart was provided for diet and day to day physical and mental exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Group A administered with trial drug has shown highly significant results in reducing the symptomatology of Sthaulya (childhood obesity) and additional effects in normalising the lipid profile in comparison to Group B. However, Group B treated with only caloric diet as per age and dietetic and life style modification has also shown significant results, thus highlighting importance of diet and exercise in effective management of Sthaulya (Childhood obesity).

6

Authors: Anju B Uppin and Nithin Kumar

The Sciatic nerve is the largest nerve in the body. It is formed in the lesser pelvis by anterior primary root of L4 to S3 nerve roots. The nerve leaves the pelvis by passing through greater sciatic foramen, below the piriformis muscle and runs in the posterior aspect of thigh. Then it divides into Tibial nerve and Common peroneal nerve at the superior angle of popliteal fossa. During our routine dissection, in the dissection hall of SDM college of Ayurveda & Hospital, Udupi, in a 55 year old male cadaver, variation in the division of sciatic nerve at higher level below the level of piriformis muscle was observed. The knowledge of variations in high division of sciatic nerve in gluteal region such as above are very important for surgeons and anaesthetists as this is the area of frequent surgical manipulation. This high division may result in sciatic nerve injury during deep intramuscular injections in gluteal region, failed popliteal block and injury during posterior hip operation.

7

Authors: Roy Neha and Chakraborty Kumar Swapan

Our health is a clear reflection of our food habits. It is said that “you are what you eat” which proves to be true. Ayurveda considers ahara as one of the three trayostambha in maintenance of healthy life. There has been a major change in diet habits with changing lifestyle in modern era. Unhealthy diet and diet habits is one of the key cause of growing global burden of diseases. Ayurveda mentions a number of factors related to ahara which leads to formation of Kushtha. The main objective of the review is to identify these aharaja nidans responsible for kushtha in our diet and interpret these nidanas mentioned in the classics in today’s perspective to prevent the disease and maintain a healthy state of body.

8

Authors: Anjumani Deka and Kaushalya Khakhlary

Striae gravidarum is physiological skin change that occurs during pregnancy. It does not pose a health risk. However, they are often symptomatic causing itching burning sensation, discolouration & linear stretch marks over abdominal wall causing psychological distress to the pregnant women. It is a common disorder that occurs mainly in the second trimester of pregnancy the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of karaveerapatra siddha taila & karaveera karanja patra siddha taila in the management of kikkisa. This study was planned on 40 patients with complaints of itching (kandu), burning sensation (vidaha), vaivarnyata (discolouration) & linear stretch marks (rekhaswaruptwaksankoch). Primi & multi gravid each of 20 no. of patients are treated with karaveerataila in one group and with karaveera-karanjataila in another group. In the study my trial drug karaveerakaranjapatra siddha taila is found to be more effective in both the group primi& multi gravida in comparison with karaveerapatra siddha taila.

8

Authors: Suparna Saha, Omprakash Panwar, Manpreet Kaur, Parimi Suresh and K.ShankarRao

Snehakalpana is a secondary formulation of bhaisajyakalpana. Brahmighrita is such a snehakalpana which is very beneficial in the treatment of unmad, apasmaretc mental and convulsive disorder. Acharyacharak had mentioned brahmighrita in the context of apasmarchikitsa in chikitsasthan. Ingredients of Brahmighrita are Brahmi (Bacopamonnieri), Vacha (Acorus clamus), kustha (Inularecemosa), Shankhapuspi (Convovulus pluricaulis) ,Puranghrita .

8

Authors: Smita Sarmah and Balen Baishya

The reproductive process in woman is a complex and highly evolved interaction of many components. Imbalance in any component can cause problems in menstrual cycle. There is one condition called dysmenorrhoea which affects most of the women. Dysmenorrhoea means painful menstruation. In Ayurveda, the symptoms of udavartini yoni vyapad can be correlated with the symptoms of dysmenorrhoea. Menstruation plays an important role in a woman’s life. If due to any reason if the process of menstruation disrupts then it will result in reproductive failure. Udavartini yoni vyapad always gives pain, fear, anxiety to the woman. Due to this women leads a stressful life which will disrupt in the process of regulation of monthly cycle. In

9

Authors: Dhimansonia, Kumar Ajay,Dhiman Monika and Vishwakarma Kumar Santosh

Aloe barbadensis Miller is considered as an important plant since years ago. Egyptians used to draw pictures of Aloe vera plant on walls of temples. They had even elevated the plant to ‘god like’ status. Plant had also earned the name as “Plant of immortality”.This drug contains many chemical constituents likevitamins A, C and E, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B12, folic acid and choline, essential amino acids like alanine etc., enzymes like aliiase, alkaline phosphatase, amylase etc., minerals likecalcium, chromium etc.,monosaccharides, polysaccharides, anthraquinones,fatty acids,auxins and gibberellins, salicylic acid, lignins and saponins. It is xerophytic plant, grown in warm tropical areas (1040 F). Slightly acidic, sandy, loamy soil, moderately fertile soil and fast draining,natural rainfall are required for its cultivation, Jaipur is warm tropical region with sandy soil and less rainfall. This region is most suitable for cultivation of xerophytic plant. Jogindernagar(H.P.) is 4000 to 5000 ft. high from sea level, having heavy rainfall and colder temperature. Keeping in mind its value in therapeutics, this study was done to evaluate the differences or similarities in its chemical constituents, for betterment of its efficacy. Mature leaves of drug were collected from two different habitats i.e.,, first sample from herbal garden of national institute of Ayurveda Jaipur, India and second from herbal garden Jogindernagar H.P. India. Drugs obtained from both gardens were morphologically similar but H.P. species was not fully nourished. Phytochemical analysis showed that sample procured from Jaipur city was richer in carbohydrates, anthraquinones, proteins and cardiac glycosides than H.P. drug. Hence the drug grown in its natural habitat is better than adapted environment and habitat.

10

Authors: Rajesh Kumar Meena, Amit Mukherjee and Mukund Supekar

Basti is one of the five procedures of Panchkarma in Ayurveda, Basti the prime treatment in shodhana is considered as one of the most important treatment for many diseases according to Ayurveda classical literature. It is a method of administering enemas with medicated decoctions, oils, ghee or milk through the anal, urinary or vaginal route. This treatment method has both preventive and curative perspectives. Basti being the best in maintaining the quality and quantity of life is described as ardha chikitsha or Half of all the treatments of world put together. There is no cause greater than Vata in manifestation of diseases affecting the shakha, kostha and marmgataroga. Vata is considered to be the main controller of the body, Since the vata is motive force behind the function of elimination or retention of Mala, Mutra, Pitta, Kapha in their respective ashaya. There is no remedy other then the Basti in alleviation of Vata. Therefore some Acharyas opinen that Basti constitutes Half of the treatment. Basti karmas are very much beneficial which pacifies the provoked vata dosha, increases strength of the person, maintain health & longevity. An attempt has been made to review the treatment procedure in Ayurveda.

10

Authors: Rashmi Yadav, Sadhana Singh, Sanjeev Kumar, K.N.Dwivedi

Anogeissus latifolia Wall is one of the important medicinal plants in Ayurveda for Diabetes. It is also useful in UTI infections, skin diseases, liver complaints, fever, epileptic fits etc. The plant is rich in pharmacologically active phenolic phytoconstituents like ellagic acid. The tree has been studied for antioxidant activity. It possesses healing potential, microbicidal activities, anti-ulcer potential, hypolipidemic activities and hepatoprotective potential. The present review summarizes the Ayurveda perspective, ethno botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological studies of ‘Dhava’ in recent era.

10

Authors: Priti Rekha Das and Bishnu Prasad Sarma

Eczema also known as Atopic dermatitis is a non-contagious inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by itching, redness edema, papulovesicles in acute stage; edema and scaling in subacute stage and severe itching, hyperkeratosis and lichenification in the chronic stage. In the developed world Eczema accounts for a large proportion of skin diseases. Current treatment of it provides only symptomatic relief by reducing inflammation and itching. Moreover the allopathic treatment is costly and there are many adverse effects of those drugs. So it has become imperative to search out drugs from natural sources and the herb bhringaraja is one of such kind. The major assessment criteria were itching, erythema, excoriation and oozing. After the complete study which includes treating the patient with orally bhringaraja tablets and locally bhrinagaraja malahar for 60 days, it was observed that the patients who presented with varied degree of symptoms obtained relief to a great extent after the treatment with the Trial drug. The statistical analysis also shows values which are highly significant for the trial drug.

11

Authors: Nitika Ganjoo

Kadara has been enumerated and described in the classical literature under the heading of Kshudra Rogas. However meager this disease may seem to be, it has a major impact on the physical fitness and mental tranquility of the patient1-4 . Kadara as described by the Samhitas can be closely related to lesions of the skin caused by hyperkeratosis. This disease can be correlated to conditions which involve hyperkeratosis of the skin over certain areas prone to mechanical stresses. Ayurvedic classics have advocated the use of various procedures to treat the Kshudra Rogas. Agnikarma has been mentioned for the proper management of Kadara5-7 . The management Kadara is aimed at removal of the hyperkeratosed lesion by Agnikarma along with or without Shastra karma. Fifteen patients having signs and symptoms of Kadara were selected and Agnikarma with Panchloha Shalaka was done. Assessment of the lesion was done before treatment, after treatment and 7 days after treatment. During the course of the study it was observed that while Agnikarma with Panchaloha Shalaka in patients presenting with Kadara showed immediate results by physically burning and destroying the hyperkeratosis lesion. Due to its property of achieving and maintaining high temperature; Panchaloha Shalaka was as useful in treating large and deep Kadara lesions, as much as, it was in management of smaller lesions.

11

Authors: Sunil Kumar Dalal

Chronobiology is the science which deals with the biological rhythmic phenomenon in the living system. Chronopharmacology is the branch of Chronobiology which deals with the Pharmacologic aspects of Chronobiology. In Ayurveda, Aushadha Sevana Kala is the proper time of administering the aushadha (medicine). The proper knowledge of Agni (digestive fire) and Aushadha Sevana Kala (time for drug administration) will help in understanding the food and drug interaction which is helpful in the proper treatment of a patient. In different Ayurvedic texts, Acharyas had defined Aushadha Sevana Kalas according to the biological clock for attaining the equilibrium between the Doshas and Dhatus which ultimately leads to swasthya (good health). The present article is an attempt made to have a Critical Study of different Aushadha Sevana Kala in Ayurveda with special reference to Chronopharmacology.

11

Authors: B.M.N.Kumar

There are many concepts in Ayurvedic science which are not yet fully understood & nabhi is one of these concepts. In Ayurveda nabhi (navel) is considered as the originating source for vessels present in between the pakvashaya (intestines) and amashaya (stomach). These vessels are the nutrient passages and act as channels for showering sustenance to different parts of our body. Because of its intense importance all most all acharyas of Ayurveda has considered nabhi is an important structure in the body and centre of all the organs of the body.

14

Authors: Hardik Variya, D.S.Dave and Nilesh Jethava

The comparative clinical study of Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara and Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara in the management of Abhyantara Arsha (Internal Haemorrhoid) concluded cases concerned with classical signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha were selected. They were allocated into two groups i.e., Group-A and Group-B. In Group-A Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied and in Group-B Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara was applied in internal haemorrhoids. The signs and symptoms of Abhyantara Arsha was bleeding per rectum, pain, burning sensation, sloughing of pile mass and discharge of Arshas were assessed before and after the completion of treatment. After the treatment Pratisaraneeya Kshara 100% relief was recorded in bleeding, reduction in sloughing of pile mass and total reduction in size of pile mass. On comparison of effects, as mentioned above, it can be concluded that the application of Apamarga Pratisaraneeya Kshara provided better relief in bleeding, sloughing of the pile mass and discharge of the patients in comparison to Kadali Pratisaraneeya Kshara. In pain and burning sensation better relief in Group A was obtained as compared to Group B. However, all 18 cases of Group-A and 18 cases of Group-B in both groups showed good results in internal haemorrhoids.

14

Authors: Amir Amiri-Paryan, Milad Khazaei, Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh, Masoud Shamohammadi2, Milad Alahmoradi, Reza Tahvilian, Akram Zangeneh, Maryam Almasi, Rohallah Moradi

Wounds are the result of injuries to the skin that interrupt the other soft tissues. Cutaneous wound healing is a complex and protracted process of tissue mending and remodelling in response to injury. Several plant products are in use for treatment of wounds over the years. Stevia rebaudiana is used in folk medicine as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antibacterial, and anti-fungal agent. The recent study was conducted to investigate the healing properties of aqueous extracts of leaves of S. rebaudiana on cutaneous wounds in rats. A full thickness excisional wound (2×2 cm) was induced on the back of 32 rats. Rats were divided into four groups as follows; control (untreated), (treated) with 1ml basal cream, (treated) with 10%, 1ml S. rebaudiana aqueous extract, and 3%, 1ml tetracycline for 30 days. Animals of each group were euthanized at 30th day post-injury and wounds were assessed through gross and histopathological analyses. The data was analysed by one way variance analysis and Duncan’s test using SPSS 21. Treatment with S. rebaudiana indicated a considerable reduction in the wound area during the experiment compared to other groups (p<0.05). Parameters such as arrangement of the healing tissue, re-epithelialization and epithelial formation demonstrated pivotal changes as compared to the control. In addition, treatment with S. rebaudiana decreased total cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes numbers and increased the fibrocytes numbers and ratio fibrocytes/fibroblasts at 30 day (p<0.05). The present study showed that S. rebaudiana leaves extract applied topically promotes healing of wounds more significantly as compared to other groups.

31

Authors: Arno Hazekamp

The history related to the use of medicinal Cannabis has been intimately intertwined with India since the beginnings of human civilization. Since its origin in the lower Himalayas, the diverse cultural, medical and religious uses of the Cannabis plant slowly disseminated around the world. After being outlawed as a narcotic drug in the 20th century, Cannabis has been rediscovered as a much needed medicine for chronically ill patients. Since 2000, a number of countries have initialized national programs to cultivate and distribute Cannabis for medical use, and to stimulate research and development to produce modern medicines from this ancient plant. Unfortunately and ironically, India has not benefitted from these developments, despite the countries’ claim to fame as a major source of information about the medicinal uses of Cannabis. In India untreated chronic pain is one of the major sources of patient’s sufferings and Cannabis medicine can prove to be a welcome alternative to the much more risky opioids derived from the Opium poppy. This review paper explores the origins of Cannabis medicine in India, its historical use as a treatment for chronic pain, and recent scientific developments with Cannabis and its main active constituents, the cannabinoids. Finally, the cannabinoids are compared to opioids for the treatment of pain, in order to make a recommendation for the reintroduction of Cannabis medicine for pain treatment in India today.

5

Authors: Manisha R. Dehankar and Sunil G.Topre

Ayurveda is the most ancient medical science of the world. The main purpose of ayurved is to maintain the health of healthy individual and cure the disease of diseased one. Rasayana Tantra is one among the eight major division of Astang ayurved. Rasayan chikitsa helps in maintaining the healthy life style. Ayuved has describe various types of Rasayana which can provide protection against diseases,promotes physical health,improve the status of dhatus, can confer immunity & rejuvenate the system.The purpose of the rasayana is to obtain strength,immunity,oja,vitality,will power & determination and it also strengthen the senses. According to ayurveda oja is an essence present in every dhatu & considered as sara of all saptadhatus and responsible for strength of the body. Many herbs & dietery materials can act as rasayan & work as immune stimulant,anti-stress agent etc.one of the result of rasayana is it promotes oja in the body which is the factor responsible for vyadhikshamatva (immunity) so that person will not suffered from any diseases. Purpose of this paper is to discuss about the role of rasayana in enhancement of qualities of oja.

6

Authors: Abha Singh and Arun Kumar

Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a long standing infection of a part or whole of the middle ear cleft characterized by ear discharge and a permanent perforation. It is an important cause of preventable hearing loss, especially in developing countries. Most approaches to treatment have been unsatisfactory or are very expensive and difficult. As per AcharyaSushrutaKarnasrava is due to head injury or tumbling in water or suppuration of abscess; Vata encircles in the ear and causes the discharge of pus. This study has been carried out with Gugglu (Commiphoramukul) and Nimba (Azadiractaindica) patra which are rakshoghnadravyaused in karnasrava with the process of Karnadhupan. In this study, a patient fulfilling the diagnostic and inclusion criteria of CSOM was selected and gugglu and nimbapatradhupanwas carried out in both affected ears for 7 days. The efficacy of the drug was analyzed in terms of the relief produced in the signs and symptoms before and after treatment. The results of the study were found encouraging and a significant reduction in ear discharge was found.

6

Authors: Ramesh Madhavrao Bansode and Archana U Kalyankar

Ayurveda is essentially the science of life. Ayurveda has scientific background and will provide stimulus to new and original renovation from the remodelling of theories and concept. One of the basic fundamental concept or view of Ayurveda is Ojas.Oja is the essence of dhatus, which gives strength to the body, improves immunity power and takes care of well being of the body.Ojas means “vigorand in ayurvedic literature, Bala, Prakriti and Kapha these types of words are used as synonym of Ojas. It is present throughout the body like, ghee exists in the milk or honey exists in the flower.Ojas is responsible for consciousness, purity in thoughts, health, and positivity in feelings in every situation, better immunity, longevity, intelligence and memory. So according to ayurveda oja is one of the most important elements for maintains and sustenance of life. All human beings are well nourished by Ojas and its decrease leads to the cessations of life. It controls and regulates the whole working system of the body, so it has more clinical importance. It provides strength in the form of physical, mental, immunological and resistance to the body. Due to stress, depression and other etiological factors, ojas gets affected. And it leads to the condition of ojakshaya , It is difficult to define Ojas as per modern methodology.This review article attempts to create certainty of Ojas understandable in scientific way and itsover all effects on human body which will be helpful for scholars in treatment of diseases and advising precautions.

6

Authors: SandeepGorakhMane and Bhavana S.Mane

Man has eventually forgotten the absolute enjoyment and solitary affection for nature, and as a result he is facing many health problems. The prime factors that are responsible for the decline of health are irregular food habits, stress, suppression of natural urges, lack of proper sleep and relaxation. Sciatica pain is often caused by pressure on the sciatic nerve from a herniated disc, bone spurs or muscle spasm. Sciatica being considered as a chronic disease needs a long lasting treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, muscle relaxant and analgesics. The symptoms similarity and radiation of pain from back to the foot describe the correlation of sciatica with Gridrasi. Here a case study was done on a patient with right leg acute sciatica symptoms from 3 months treated successfully with ayurvedic intervention for 2 months.

7

Authors: Sagar Bhut and Sunil Changle

Kashyap Samhita is one of the most ancient compilation of Acharya Kashyapa related to care of the children. Phakka roga is a special contribution of Kashyapa Samhita. The development has been mentioned in this context. The prenatal, natal, postnatal, socioeconomic and environmental factors affecting growth and development of child.Etiology of the disease, itself is selfexplanatory and describing its type i.e., ksheeraja, garbhaja and vyadhija phakka. Qualitative and quantitative deficiency of required micro and macro nutrients affects the overall growth and development. Not even in neonatal period but also in-utero embryonic environment and fetal nourishment status determines the outcome after birth. The milk fed by mother is primary source of nourishment. Mother's milk if deficient in quantity and quality is responsible for impaired and delayed growth of child's physical and mental faculties. Neonatal insult exposure like chronic diseases i.e., recurrent gastrointestinal and respiratory infection, worm infestation, bleeding disorder, endocrine and metabolic disease decelerates the process of growth and overall wellbeing of a child. Socioeconomic and environmental factors contribute and play a vital role. Socially and economically sound family can bring up a child in a proper way whereas stressful social environment and poverty negatively affects the growth and developmental processes

7

Authors: Bijit Das and Pankaj Kumar Barman

Every individual is different from another & hence should be considered as a different entity. As many variations are there in the universe, all are seen is human beings. Pharmacogenomics is a re-definition of diseases on the molecular level so that diagnostic & therapeutics can be targeted to specific patient populations sub typed on the basis of genetic make-up & thereby offer the right treatment for right patient populations. The concept of personalized medicine has been around for as long as people have been practicing medicine. In Ayurveda,from Sushruta to Hippocrates, all have practiced the personalized approach for treating diseases. The basis of personalized medicine is gene biology. Though no such direct relation between prakriti and gene biology has been established yet some aspects of classifications of different prakriti may show some relevancy. With basic principles of Sushruta’s view towards prakriti the study has been carried out.

7

Authors: Vikrant Thakur and Kunj Biharee Saini

Srotas are the channels of circulation or dynamic inner transport system of the body which provide platform for activities of other important bio-factors like three Dosh, Dhatu, Oja, Agni etc. The word Srotas is originated from the main Sanskrit root “Sru Srawane’’ meaning the structure to flow, to exudates, to filter, to ooze and permeate. Each Srotas is attached to a specific anatomical structure called Moola. The normal functioning of Srotas depends on Moolstana. Rakta is considered as Jeevan in Ayurveda texts. Raktavaha Srotas are channels of circulation concerned with the blood formation, storage and circulation of blood and lymph in body. Yakrita, Pliha and Raktavahi dhamnis are considered as moolsthana of Raktavaha srotas by Acharyas. Yakrita can be correlated with Liver. Most of the blood related concepts like haemopoesis, storage and decomposition of red blood cells are rooted in liver. Microscopically, liver is made up of minute channels of circulation or vessels which help in normal functioning of Liver.

7

Authors: Roshni Dhurve

Disk-related complaints, particularly Low back pain are very common. Once in a life time all of us suffer from symptoms related to degenerative changes of the intervertebral disc disease. Back pain is second only to the common cold as the most frequent reason for visiting a physician and is the most common chronic pain syndrome in industrialized countries. It is mostly a self limited illness. As per the report of WHO, Low back pain (LBP) constituted 37% of all occupational risk factors which occupies first rank among the disease complications caused by work. The lifetime prevalence of non-specific (common) low back pain is estimated at 60% to 70% in industrialized countries (one-year prevalence 15% to 45% , adult incidence 5% per year). Prevalence increases and peaks between the ages of 35 and 55 years. The present article deals with a case diagnosed as Lumbar Disk Disease with Spondylolisthesis of L5 over S1 and was advised for surgery. The Ayurvedic diagnosis was made Kati graha on the basis of their symptoms harmonizing with the disease. Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and Verbal rating scale (VRS) was adopted for pain before and after the treatment. Before treatment, Patient was wheel chair dependent and not able to walk even 4-5 steps due to severe pain. After treatment, patient showed improvement of 37.77 % on Oswestry disabilitly index and 40% on Verbal rating scale. Acharya Sushruta stated that Siravedha is accepted as half of the therapeutic measures in Shalya tantra like Basti in Kayachikitsa and a superior therapeutic procedure among others as it gives instant relief.

7

Authors: Ashwini Sori and Ravishankar Pervaje

Diabetes is considered as a disease of developed countries, it leads to metabolic deregulation associated with secondary pathophysiologic changes in multiple organ systems that impose a tremendous burden on the individual and whilst also having significant socioeconomic impact. Diabetic foot is one among significant and devastating complications of diabetes; here the foot affected by ulceration is due to neuropathy and/or peripheral arterial disease of the lower limb. About 5% of all the patients with diabetes present with a history of foot ulceration, while the lifetime risk of diabetic patients developing this complication is 15%. Though there are many advances in modern surgery, management of diabetic wounds is still posing a problem with less promising results. In sushrutasamhitathere is explanation about 60 measures for the management of Vrana (wounds), which shows unique therapeutic approach for management of wounds. So here is a case report of a diabetic patient with irregular medications presented with complaint of non- healing wounds over left foot (plantar aspect) along with gangrenous condition of all the toes of foot since eight weeks. Patient was a diagnosed case of chronic diabetes mellitus and was on treated by few of shastiupakramaslike apatarpana, dhupanand within week the wound started healing with marked improvement.

8

Authors: Nitu Dongre and Nitesh Shambharkar

Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) or myositis is an immune disorder characterized by proximal weakness, myalgia, and muscle atrophy. Corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs remain the main stay of treatment, but the response to these agents is often disappointing, so chronic weakness and disability may persist despite treatment. A 13 years old male patient, already diagnosed as Chronic Myositis was selected for the study. For Pachana Karma, Agnitundi Vati ,Mansamedopachaka Kadha and Yogaraj Guggul were given. Balapindasweda was done locally for 3 days. Tiktakaghrit was given for Snehana Karma (Oleation), Virechana(therapeutic purgation) was given by Abhayadi Modaka. Patient got 100% relief in symptoms after Virechana, CPK (Creatine phosphokinase) total was 57U/L. Ayurvedic treatment is helpful in the patient of Myositis for curing and preventing them from landing into more complications.

8

Authors: Heena Devi

Arsha (Piles) is an extremely common problem reported since thousands of years with a prevalence rate that is highest among all the anorectal disorders. In modern medical science, many procedures are described for management of haemorrhoids, of which haemorrhoidectomy is commonly preferred by surgeons, but after sometime of excision there is great possibility of reappearance of the disease. But in Ayurveda fourfold management of Arsha has been indicated eg. Bheshaja,Kshar Karma, Agnikarma and Shastra Karma according to chronicity and presentation of the disease. Among these BheshajChikitsa and Kshar Karmas show wonderful results in management of Arsha Arsha (Haemorrhoids) is an engorged condition of the haemorrhoidal venous plexus along with abnormally displaced enlarged anal cushion, characterized by inflamed or prolapsed pile mass, bleeding per rectum and some discharge from the anus. The term ‘Haemorrhoids’ is popularly used for pathological varicosity of the haemorrhoidal veins due to increased pressure that may result from chronic constipation or diarrhoea, straining during defaecation or pregnancy etc. In classics of Ayurveda,it has been explained that this disease kills the afflicted like an enemy, hence it is coined as Arsha. The disease is initiated with Agnimandya (Improper digestion) due to improper food habits and lifestyles. However,haemorrhoids can re-occur even after proper management hence it is mentioned as one among Ashtamahagada .

8

Authors: Nitin Chandurkar and Shweta Mali

The experience of motherhood is most unique as well as challenging phase in life of every woman. For a woman, the birth of baby can boost a jumble of powerful emotions from happiness, excitement and exhilarating to sadness, fear and exhausting. During this phase of her journey, she is in need of proper care, support and guidance in order to cope-up with her new identity of motherhood. But due to fast changing life style of modern era and increase in isolated families, she is deprived of this necessary attention during her crucial postpartum time. So, in the absence of adequate rest, balanced nutrition and moral support sometimes, a mother can be harsh in a way that she has never dreamed off by developing signs and symptoms of postpartum depression. It can shatter her body, mind and spirit. In today’s date, one out of every eight woman is prone to postpartum depression. The Ayurvedic science is holistic approach to physical and mental health care of mother and baby. The principles stated in the classics not only manage postpartum depression but also it does not allow a woman to land-up in this phase.

8

Authors: Kothainayagi and Premraj Chaudhary

Ayurvedic medicine is a medical specialty that focuses primarily on preventive and curative medicine. It is a system of healing that is based on being in accordance with the laws of nature and has its origins in India around 5000 years earlier. Ayurveda offers guidelines to be followed daily right from the time of waking up in the morning till going to bed at night in terms of brushing, bathing, sleeping habits, exercise, massage and so on. Though we are following a routine daily regimen and seasonal regimen, we unknowingly do some mistakes. And this is where Ayurveda helps us and brings us back to track. As there is increase of oral disease even at an early age and becoming a greater concern, here in this article the maintenance of oral health is dealt with. Simple modifications in our habits can help us enjoy our lives much better.

9

Authors: Deepak Ekka, Swati Dubey and Saroj Parhate

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. It accounts for approximately 30% of deaths worldwide. Cardiovascular disease comprises the most prevalent serious and a rapidly growing problem in developing nations like India. According to the WHO, cardiovascular disease causes 12 million deaths in the world each year. According to Ayurveda Sadhak Pitta, AvalambakaKapha, Vyanvayuare responsible for heart disease. Main cause of heart disease is atherosclerosis which is waxy substance called Plaque buildup inside the coronary arteries, other causes are high LDL, Low HDL Diabetes, smoking, post menopausal women. There are an estimated 45 million patients of coronary artery disease in india. An increasing number of young Indians are falling prey to coronary artery disease. With millions hooked to a roller-coaster lifestyle, the future looks even grimmer. In ayurveda Inula Racemosa is very useful drug for heart. Besides this it also has anti-atherosclerotic, anticoagulant, anti-infarction, hypo-lipidemic & hypotensive properties. So, Ayurvedic drug Inula Racemosa is a better option for the treatment of Angina (Hridashoola) because it can improve the quality of life in individuals & potentially save millions of lives.

9

Authors: Sarita Gaikwad

Snakebite is very common problem encountered in India. Apart from mortality, the morbidity is also high. Treatment of complicated wounds resulting from cytotoxic snake poison poses multiple challenges. Snake bite wounds are complicated, that take longer time to heal, leaving some disability to the subjects. Here is the case study of snakebite infected wound that was failed to heal by modern therapy. There was one stage when amputation of the limb was seemed very eminent, when Surgery department referred the case to Ayurved department for further management. Ayurved department successfully managed the case in spite of developing complication of Osteomyelitis with sinus formation. This case study highlights the strength of Ayurvedic principles that could be applied for treating such type of wounds. Therefore a multidisciplinary approach is required to treat snakebite cases, the modern therapy is definitely superior in treating the emergency, but Ayurved is better alternative for treating complications of snakebite like extensive infected wound.

10

Authors: Ranjitha B.M.

Background: Shweta pradara is a common gynaecological complaint faced by the women of all ages, because of moist and sweaty genitals. Shweta pradara is one of the most common of all where women approach to hospital. A woman reaches various stages in her life which includes puberty, reproductivity, pregnancy, labour, puerperium, menopause etc. During all these stages, there will be many physiological changes one of which is secretion in vagina termed as leucorrhoea or shwetha pradara. Objectives: 1. To evaluate the effect of Lodhra and Vata twak kwatha in Shweta Pradara Method: Married females between the age group of 20-40 years with complaints of excessive discharge per vagina and vaginal smear negative for organisms were taken for the study. Lodhra kalka with vata twak kwatha was given for 45 days and assessment was done on every 15th day of the study. Result: Most of the parameters showed significant results at p value <0.001. Overall effect of therapy showed that 50% had complete remission, 23% had moderate improvement, 7% had mild improvement, 3% had no change, 16% got marked relief. Interpretation & Conclusion: Shweta pradara develops due to vitiation of kapha and vata. Based on the result, it was found that Lodhra due to its sangrahi and kandughna property and Vata due to its shoshana property combated shweta pradara.

10

Authors: Ashish Mishra, Amit Mukherjee, and Mukund Supekar

Nasya (Nasya Karma) is a term to be applied generally for medicines administered through the nasal route. The formulations used for the purpose of Nasya Karma are called Nasika Kalpana. Since nose is the gateway of the head, the therapy is highly effective in curing a number of diseases pertaining to the head, if it is performed systematically. The therapy cleanses and opens the channels of the head, thereby improving the process of oxygenation (prana), which has a direct influence on the functioning of brain. The therapy is beneficial if done on a regular basis, because it keeps the eyes, nose and ear healthy. It also prevents the early graying of hair. Nasya karma is mainly indicated in the diseases of head and it can be done in many other conditions which effects the head as head is the important part of the central nervous system that regulates functions throughout the body.

10

Authors: Adiga Shripathi H, Malagi KJ, Adiga Ramya S, Hebbar Krishna Raghava and Nayak V Anupama

Ayurveda, appropriately addressed as the ‘science of life’ accurately answers many arduous health issues and aids human beings to lead a healthy and a happy life. Complete rectal prolapse, apprehended and acknowledged as ‘Guda bhramsha’ in the classics of Ayurveda is an exemplification of the same. This noteworthy case study of complete rectal prolapse in an elderly patient, treated in accordance with the classical line of management with Snehana, Swedana, Anuvasana with the incorporation of Mushika taila, a special oil prepared with Anthravarjitha Mushika mamsa emerges as an example of the authenticity of this great science. Complete reversal of the symptoms, even though for a brief period of time, establishes the realisms of classics and demands further apprehension and analysis.

11

Authors: Priyanka, Mamta Kumari and K.L.Meena

Ayurveda is from an ancient Hindu word that means science of life. It originated in India and continues to be used by millions of people worldwide. The principles of Ayurveda state that a person comprises body, mind, and spirit, with health being the holistic union of the three. Ayurveda focuses on healthy living with therapeutic measures that relate to physical, mental, social and spiritual harmony. Pra means excess of urine in both frequency and volume. Prameha, thus, becomes self-explanatory and holds the twin meanings of "Prabhutha-mutratha" or excessive urination and "Avil-mutratha" or turbid urine. According to Ayurveda, Prameha (diabetes) is a tridoshajavyadhi. However the predominance of anyone dosha and dooshya enables its classification into Vataja, Pitaja, & Kaphaja Pramehas. They are further sub classified into 20 sub categories. Any of the prameha (urinary disorder) if neglected ultimately it ends up in Madhumeha due to nature of the illness. In modern science, Madhumeha can be corelated with Diabetes mellitus and is one of the cardinal problems in the medical profession because it cannot be cure but some extent controlled. Diabetes mellitus is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin.The Ayurvedic treatment for this disease is based on an entire change in the lifestyle of the person & on the individual constitution. Along with medication and diet, the patient is also advised to lead a healthy lifestyle and live an active life. Dietary and lifestyle changes rejuvenate the body’s cells and tissues, allowing them to produce insulin properly.

12

Authors: Mayur Temburne and Mrunal Tiwari

Ekkushta is a type of Kshudrakushtha described in Ayurveda . It is a Vata-kaphaj disorder. The clinical symptoms of Ekkushta described in Ayurveda resembles with the clinical symptoms of Psoriasis. The clinical features of Ekkushta described by Charak and Kashyap represent remission, relapse and seasonal variation which are present in Psoriasis. It is one of the common dermatological problems in the world.Aragwadha is basically kushthaghna and vishaghna. This agad was administered orally to treat Ekkushtha. This study was an attempt to assist the medical fraternity in tackling the situation by the optimum utilization of kushthghna and vishaghna karma of AmaltasKwatha.

12

Authors: BhatambreYogesh and Bhange Pallavi

Standardization of Ayurvedic drugs is an important and essential measurement for the quality control of drugs. It is necessary to provide drugs having good quality. While preparation of drug, standardization of raw material, standardization of the process i.e., in-process standardization and that of the final drug is necessary. Among these, in-process standardization carries more importance. It includes selection of the reference of the formulation, selection of the instrument to be used, development of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of the manufacturing of the drug, various tests to be carried out during the procedure, etc. A critical review has been done in present study regarding the needs and challenges in the in-process standardization.

13

Authors: Vrinda, Shobha G Hiremath and Surekha S Medikeri

Bhasmeekarana of metals and minerals is a unique technique in Rasashastra. In order to obtain a safe and effective Bhasma, a good quality raw material and specific preparation procedure plays a vital role. Standard operative procedure with respect to procedure of Bhasmeekarana of Lauha is already set, but a standard to select raw material (Iron) is not yet established. Discarded Iron is usually selected to prepare Lauha bhasma but its details like chemical composition; percentage of other impurities etc is unknown. Hence a study was taken up to clear this obscurity and ensure a desired quality of Lauha bhasma by selecting two types of Iron with definite composition viz., Cast iron identical to Munda lauha and Wrought iron identical to Teekshna lauha. They were subjected to Bhasmeekaranaas per the reference of Rasendra saara sangraha and physico-chemical analysis and instrumental validations like XRD, FTIR, SEMEDAX were then carried out. Both the Bhasmas obtained were appraised based on pharmaceutical and analytical grounds. Munda lauha attained Bhasma siddhi lakshanas faster than Teekshna lauha but the latter was found to be of superior quality by inferring the results of analytical study.

14

Authors: Pallavi U.Chougule and Uday V.Chougule

Introduction: Neck pain affects about 330 million people globally as of 2010 (4.9% of the population). It is more common in women (5.7%) than men (3.9%). Neck pain may come from any of the structure in the neck including: vascular, nerve, airway, digestive and musculature/ skeletal or be referred from other areas of body. Modern medical science provides various treatment modalities including medicine, physiotherapy and surgery but none of them is satisfactorily fruitful. According to Ayurveda, nidan parivarjan (avoiding etiological factors) is first line of treatment. So this study aims to find out the various etiological factors responsible for manyashool to tackle with the drastic problem of neck pain which is the silent enemy of the physical ability to humanity. Aims & objectives: To study the Etiological factors of manyashool according to the classical texts and modern lifestyle. Study design: Cross Sectional Study. Sampling technique: Simple Random Sampling Study subject and technique: Study was approved from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Informed consent was taken prior to data collection. Data were collected from 100 subjects fulfilling inclusion criteria. Conclusions: The study shows that neck pain is affected by individual variables and work related variables.

15

Authors: Sarita Gaikwad

Anemia remains a major challenge in treating cases of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), as the pathology is still not fully understood. Anemia in CKD is associated with reduced quality of life, increased risk of cardiovascular disease leading to poor outcomes. An open non- randomized clinical trial was conducted on 50 diagnosed Chronic Renal Failure patients. On the basis of CKD-EPI equation,39/50 (78%) study subjects having CKD stage 5, 9 (18%) study subjects having CKD stage 4 & 2 (4%) study subjects with CKD stage 3B. There were 47 study subjects (94%) having anemia, out of which 41were having moderate to severe anemia before start of treatment. At the end of study period, there was significant improvement in their status as only 15 remained with moderate anemia& none with severe anemia.Hb % was estimated at 0,28,84,140 & 180 days. The mean Hb% was 8.39 g ±2.10 g on zero day. On 180thday, mean Hb was 11.07g ±1.67.This31.94% rise in Hb % was found to be statistically highly significant(t= 19.50 with p <0.001).Pallor, Oedema, Fatigue, Weakness, Dyspnoeawere the signs and symptoms considered to be associated with anemia and improvement was assessed in reduction of severity. There was statistically significant clinical improvement in respect of signs & symptoms of anemia. This study proved that the Ayurvedic treatment is a suitable alternative treatment of anemia in CKD to modern controversial treatment of parenteral iron therapy &Erythropoietin supplementation.

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Authors: Pandey Krishna Kant, Tripathi Arun Kumar and Srivastava Alok Kumar

Mukhadūṣikā, having a symptomatic correlation with Acne vulgaris, is one of the most challenging and stubborn skin disorder prevailing since Vaidika era. It affects approximately 80% of the adolescents around the world. Acne Vulgaris is a polymorphic chronic inflammatory disease of pilo-sebaceous units characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules, cysts, abscesses, and even widespread scarring sometimes. Ayurvedic texts have mentioned vitiation of Kapha, Vāta and Rakta responsible for disease. As the disease is having a chronic nature, modern medicines only subsides the disease for short time period along with various side-effects and relapse also occur on withdrawing the medicines. Therefore, to identify an alternative, safer and permanent cure, Jalaukāvacārana and Siddārthakādi Lepa were selected for the present study to see their effect on Mukhadūṣikā. 30 patients selected from the Panchkarma and KayaChikitsa O.P.D. of the Rishikul Campus, UAU, Dehradun were randomly assigned to 2 treatments groups (15 patients in each). Group A patients were treated with Jalaukāvacārana (4 sittings on a 7-day interval) while in Group B patients, Siddārthakādi Lepa was also applied daily along with 4 sittings of Jalaukāvacārana. Total duration of treatment in both groups was of 28 days along with a follow-up period of 30 days. Assessment was done on the basis of subjective parameters i.e. Piḍikā (Acne lesions) grading and associated complaint grading, as well as objective parameters i.e. count of lesions. Both interventions were found to be significantly effective (p<0.05) in reducing Piḍikā grading as well as associated symptoms i.e. Vedanā (Pain), Dāha (Burning), Pāka (Inflammation), Kandū (Itching), Vaivarnyatā (Discolouration) and Snigdhatā (Oiliness). However, additional benefit of lepa was found only Snigdhatā (p<0.05) and Vaivarnyatā (p>0.05). Both the interventions also showed significant result in reducing count of lesions too. Lepa application was additionally beneficial in reducing the number of all types of lesions but the results were statistically significant on comedones and pustules (p<0.05). None of the intervention was able to reduce the no. of scar/Grading of scars significantly. On follow-up after 30 days, 20% in Jalaukāvacārana group while 13.33% in Jalaukāvacārana along with Lepa application group showed relapse in grading of acne.

7

Authors: Neha Tiwari, Swapnil Saini, Akhilesh Shrivastva, Rajesh Manglesh and Dalip Sharma

Prognosis is an important aspect of diagnosis and treatment. Here we report a case study of a male of 65 years suffering from Type 2 DM since last 16 years. In the present case study, fasting blood sugar level of patient was compared with the findings of tail bindu mutra pareeksha. Patient was advised to bring the morning first midstream urine to perform the tail bindu mutra pareeksha simultaneously FBS level was also checked. It was observed that when oil drop spread immediately on the urine surface FBS level was 101mg/dl. On next visit, the patient was asked to bring the same morning first midstream urine and tail bindu mutra pareeksha was performed as before but at this time the oil drop did not spread and it remained as pearl shaped; FBS was 202 mg/dl at that day. On comparison, these findings of tail bindu mutra pareeksha were found to be relevant. As according to Yogratnakar, if oil drop spreads on the urine surface, then disease is sadhya (curable) and if it does not spread, then the disease is kashta-sadhya (difficult to treat). Hence, Tail bindu mutra pareeksha can be used to assess prognosis and to plan the suitable treatment.

7

Authors: Savita Katwal, Akhilesh Shrivastava and Dalip Sharma

Prakriti is a unique concept of individuality that has been explained in our ayurvedic literature. It expresses particular trait of an individual that is defined by specific and permanent composition of Dosha at conception. Prakriti is directly responsible for constitutional, temperamental, psychological and spiritual state of each individual. Disease occurs when there is a change in this original form at the psychological or physiological level. Prakriti remains same throughout life .Acharya has mentioned different characteristics of different deha prakriti. In Ayurveda clinical methods such as pulse examination and prakriti assessment plays an important role. Various methods have been mentioned in our literature for prakriti assessment of an individual. Deha prakrti is the foremost factor which determines the pattern of susceptibility of an individual to different diseases, their prognosis, course and complications.

8

Authors: Bijit Das and Pankaj Kr. Barman

Abdominal pain is a common cause of agony in all group of patients irrespective of gender and place. In the ancient Indian treatises of Ayurveda, different painful condition of abdomen described in the context of udara roga nidan and chikitsa. Aetiopathological descriptions of eight types of udara roga include most of the causes of acute abdominal pain ranging from inflammatory, traumatic & obstructive causes. So, the conceptual study of genesis of pain abdomen in the relevance of Ayurvedic description is studied here to frame out new modalities of treatment.

9

Authors: Manisha C. Dhavale and Mrunal Tiwari

Kuchala is mentioned as a Vanaspatija Visha and has been mentioned as one of the 11 Upavisha in Rasatarangini. It is described as Phala Visha in Sushruta Samhita. It is included in Surasadi Gana in Sushruta , Amradi Phala Varga in Bhavaprakash and in Vishatindukadi Varga in Nighantu Adarsh. Modern toxicology has classified Strychnos Nux vomica as a Neurotic Spinal Excitant poison. It is toxic in nature due to presence of alkaloids named as Strychnine but can produce miraculous therapeutic effect after going through a specialized procedure mentioned in Ayurveda known as shodhana (detoxification). The process of Shodhana (purification) of Kuchala is done by four different methods.It is purified by using Kanji, Goghrita, Godughda & water. (kanji, Goghrita, Godughda & water). On estimation by HPTLC, before & after its shodhana, it was found that shodhana process reduce the amount of strychnine in the Kuchala

9

Authors: Patel Kalapi, Patel Manish, Shah N K, Gupta S N and Jain Jinesh

Introduction Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy is one of the major clinical conditions related with ageing process in men. The primary symptoms of BPH those are due to the prostate obstructing the urethra include hesitancy, poor prolonged flow and sensation of incomplete emptying. Secondary symptoms are urinary frequency, urgency of micturition and urge incontinence. It also affects the quality of life and causes physical and mental stress to the patient. According to ayurvedic principles, vitiated kapha and vata doshas are responsible for the pathology of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Triphala guggulu is having kaphavata reducing and lekhana actions, Avagaha sveda reduce vitiated vata in basti region whereas Lodhra and Musta and Arjuna are having grahi and stambhana actions which reduce frequency of micturition. Considering all these facts, this treatment protocol is developed for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (bph). Materials and Methods Total 12 patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia were registered for this study. All the patients were given Triphala Guggulu 1gram three times a day with warm water and combination of lodhra 1gram + Musta 1 gram + Arjuna 1 gram three times a day with warm water in O.P.D. All the patients were advised to take Avagaha Svedana twice a day morning and evening with warm water. Total duration of the treatment was 30 days. All the patients were assessed before and after treatment by using international prostate severity score. Data were analyzed statistically by using student’s “t” test. Results Straining was reduced by 66%, urine stream was improved by 60.38%, Intermittency was relieved by 59 % whereas 63.83% improvement was found in emptying of urinary bladder. Frequency of urine, urgency of urine and nocturia were reduced by 60.71%, 67.39% and 65.45% respectively. All these beneficial effects were statistically significant. Quality of life was improved by 65.38% which was also statistically significant. Out of 11 patients having maximum severity of the disease, 7 shifted in to moderately severe category and 4 shifted in to mildly severe category. Conclusion Ayurved treatment protocol including triphala guggulu, combination of lodhra, musta and arjuna equal part and avagaha svedana is effective in reducing signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia. No any adverse event of the treatment was reported

9

Authors: Liliya Logoyda, Yuliya Kondratova and Dmytro Korobko

ntroduction: Robustness tests were originally introduced to avoid problems in interlaboratory studies and to identify the potentially responsible factors. The aim of this study was robustness evaluation of the chromatographic determination of amlodipine in tablet dosage form using Youden’s test. Methods: Youden’s test is a reliable method to evaluate the robustness of analytical methods, by means of an experiment design which involves seven analytical parameters combined in eight tests. In the present study, we assessed the robustness of a chromatographic method to quantify amlodipine in tablets using Youden’s test. Youden’s test showed to be a simple and feasible procedure to evaluate the robustness of chromatographic methods. Results: Using the criteria of Youden’s test, the highest variation in amlodipine content was 0.44 %, when the concentration of trifluoroacetic acid in the mobile phase was altered; a value considerably low and not significant in routine analyses. Conclusion: Youden’s test showed to be a reliable and useful tool for the robustness evaluation of the chromatographic method for assay of amlodipine. Therefore, Youden’s test can be successfully applied for the robustness evaluation in validation process of analytical methods by HPLC.

9

Authors: Shipra Katiyar, Brijesh Kumar and Santosh Kumar Misra

The word Leech is taken from the old English word ‘Laece’ eventually becoming synonymous with ‘Physician’ whose significance is also expressed by the Lord Dhanwantari, Symbol of Surgical Expertise, who has Jaluka in one of his hand. In the present era, Anorectal disorders are becoming more prevalent in which Arshas are quite common in the society. Arshas, which are assosciated with swelling, hardness and pain, is a condition resembling to thrombotic pile. Surgery is contraindicated if Haemorrhoids are associated with complications like thrombosis. In such conditions, Jaluka is indicated to remove the stagnated blood. Leeches are indicated in surgery whenever there is venous stasis. The saliva of leeches contain more than 100 bioactive substances which have bacteriostatic, analgesic, anti oedematous properties and lead to elimination of micro circulation disorder, restores permeability of tissues and organs. The leech therapy proves to be less expensive, effective in the treatment of Arshas or Thrombotic pile mass.

9

Authors: Priyanka Shandilya and Shreevathsa

Dhamanis are the channels meant for transportation of nutrient fluid to different parts of the body, for the purpose of nourishment and growth. In Sushruta’s view, they are 24 in number and originate from nabhi. of them, the adhogadhamanis are principle in carrying the nutrient fluid to different parts of the body. Through this article, an effort is made to clarify the mode of transport and nourishment to different tissues, keeping the three nyayas (maxims) in view, viz.,kedarakulyanyaya, upasnehana and abhinavajalalavasy and anyaya. This facilitates an easier understanding of the actual process of transport of nutrition, which in turn will make the concept useable in day to day practice, in the effort of correcting the dhatuvaishamya.

10

Authors: Patel Manish, Ka. Patel Nimesh, Kalapi B Patel, Gupta S N, Kulashreshtha D and Jain Jinesh

Urinary incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of urine, sufficiently severe to cause a social or hygiene problem. It becomes more prevalent in old age mainly after 60 years of age. In Ayurveda, this condition can be concluded under the heading of predominant vata disorders. In old age Vata aggravated and creates this condition. For the first time we aimed to evaluate the principle potential of the traditional Ayurvedic approach for the overall clinical outcomes in incontinence of urine in aged. The observational clinical study with 15 patients was conducted at P.D. Patel Ayurveda Hospital, Nadiad, India. Patients were treated with Bala moola kvath, Narayanaa oil orally for one month period along with narayanaa oil abhyanga, nirgundi patra baspasvedana, narayana oil matrabasti. Patients were trained for Kegel exercise and advised to do it for 15 minutes twice every day. Moreover, dietary advice was given. Total duration of the treatment was of 1 month along with 2 months of follow-up period. Assessment was done on the basis of grade score prepared for the urgency and incontinency of urine. Disturbances in daily routine activities also assessed with the help of King’s Health Questionnaire. Statistically significant improvement was noticed in incontinence of urine by 66.6% and in urine urgency by 57.14%. Affected daily activities due to incontinence were also improved. No any unwanted sign or symptom was noticed and the signs and symptoms of the disease as well as daily activities improved in the follow-up period.

10

Authors: Jasmina Acharya and Foram Joshi

BACKGROUND: Vandhyatva has been a long standing problem since ancient times. Many herbal and herbo-mineral formulations are mentioned as treatment of Vandhyatva in classical texts as per involvement of Dosha and Dushyas. Infertility is a relative state of lowered capacity to conceive within one or more year of regular unprotected coitus. Higher cost of surgical procedures, recurrence ratio, adverse effect and delayed effect are not fulfilling patient’s aim of healthy reproductive system. Ayurvedic treatment for the same is having great potential in the management of infertility due to cervical factor. Till date many dissertation works on PG level and other clinical research works has been carried out for the management of infertility due to cervical factor but no any line of treatment is finalised yet. AIMS & OBJECTIVES: 1.To screen out optimum resulting medicine and procedure in the management of Vandhyatva (i.e., Infertility due to cervical factor). 2. To generate scientific data for formation of line of treatment for the management of Vandhyatva (i.e., Infertility due to cervical factor). MATERIAL AND METHODS: For this review work three theses work, carried out at IPGT & RA, Jamnagar are taken into. Related Samhitas, classical texts and commentaries, recent web data are studied critically to understand the etio-pathogenesis and mode of action of said particular treatment protocol. RESULTS & DISCUSSION: Optimum results-complete cure i.e. conception was obtained in study-3 group-A i.e., Phalaghrita oral administration. CONCLUSION: Phalaghrtia oral and Shatavari Ghreet Uttarbasti has shown comparatively better results. These drugs should be used for further research work to establish the treatment protocol of infertility with special reference to cervical factor with adequate data.

10

Authors: Solanki Vishal, Vaidya Tapankumar, Gupta S N, Patel Manish and Patel Kalapi

INTRODUCTION Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis - capsule thickens and tightens around the shoulder joint, restricting its movement) is a condition characterized by stiffness and pain in the shoulder joint. non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and local corticosteroid injection given as a therapy in frozen shoulder syndrome. Frozen shoulder typically develops slowly, and in three stages. Each stage can last a number of months.  Freezing stage: Any movement of shoulder causes pain, and shoulder's range of motion starts to become limited.  Frozen stage: Pain may begin to diminish during this stage. However, shoulder becomes stiffer, and using it becomes more difficult.  Thawing stage: The range of motion in shoulder begins to improve with proper treatment. People having more than 40 years of age, particularly women, are more likely to have frozen shoulder. In a small percentage of cases, arthroscopic surgery may be indicated to loosen the joint capsule so that it can move more freely. People who have certain diseases i.e., diabetes, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, cardiovascular disease, tuberculosis and Parkinson’s disease appear more likely to develop frozen shoulder. The prevalence of frozen shoulder is estimated to be 2 to 5 percent of the general population. It is more common in mid-50s. In 6 to 17 percent of patient, the other shoulder affected within 5 years. Frozen shoulder occurs predominantly and it is usually, lasting over 2 to 3 years sometime 40 percent of patient have persistence and have mild symptom beyond 3 years and 15 percent have long term debility. The condition affects diabetic(type 1) patients more often than healthy ones, with a prevalence of almost 11% in this population group. According to modern treatment non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and steroidal injection at local site are given for reliving the symptoms of frozen shoulder syndrome, patient may keep continue these drugs. Long term use of these drugs causes side effects. Most common side effects of NSAIDs are on cardio vascular system (hypertension), Gastro intestinal peptic ulcer, liver toxicity, kidney toxicity, ringing in ear. Also local application of corticosteroid injection causes side effects such as osteonecrosis, osteoporosis and nerve damage, tendon rupture, thinning of skin and soft tissues, joint infection. According to āyurveda, here symptom of the ceṣṭahani is including in vatavṛddhi. Nasya karma is indicated in bahugatavata. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 31 patients were enrolled for the treatment. 16 patients were enrolled in group A. One patient left the treatment due to non-medicinal cause. Hence, 15 patients completed the treatment course in group A with trayodaśāṅga guggulu and nasya karma (māṣataiala). In group B, total 15 patients were enrolled and all the patients completed the treatment with nasya karma (māṣataiala).Result was assesed by the relief in symptom index of avabāhuka (frozen shoulder syndrome), with the help of scoring pattern. RESULTS Group A: 66.67% patients belonged to group of marked improvement, 33.33 % patients had moderate improvement. There were no any patients found in group A in mild and unchanged improvement. Group B: 53.33% patients belonged to group of moderate improvement, 40 % patients had mild improvement and 6.66% patient was found in unchanged group. CONCLUSION Both the treatment had significant effect when assessed individually with paired ‘t’ test. However, more percentile results were obtained in group A. During the testing of hypothesis (comparing the effectiveness of both the therapy) p value is less than 0.001 in all the parameter. Means, null hypothesis was rejected and alternate hypothesis accepted. It suggests that nasya karma along with oral medicaments is more effective than only oral medicaments in the patients of avabāhuka.

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Authors: Aniket A Shilwant and Rahul V. Magare

With the progress in health care and management services, human being have also come up with accepting and practicing different dietary regimens which has shown its increased capability to ingest a vast variety of dietary items but do we are enough capable to digest the same, this is the question to be looked for. This brings us to study the basics and advanced mechanics behind the fate of so called food when we ingest it. Our body actually tries to make the things homologous with the same of our bodily constitution. The working tissues of a living body must be supplied enough with essential nutrients from time to time. For proper growth, development, assimilation and overall health of a living being we are dependent on bioavailability, processing and palatability of food as per requirements of body. In a community, the public health is there after being screened through various health and nutritional surveys, data collection, summarizing and annual reports and so on. Working on the ground level it is necessary to look for proper supply, intake, and hygiene and of course proper digestion, absorption of the supplements provided in surveys. Any impairment or deviation in this chain may lead to nutritional disorders. Malabsorption syndrome refers to a number of disorders in which the intestine can’t adequately absorb certain nutrients into the bloodstream. The fate of ingested food depends on several factors when seen through Ayurvedic approach as like – Doshas governing the bodily activities, Agni the component responsible for biotransformation, Kostha the functional status of intestinal gut line. Here doshas a play a very crucial role right from entry of food to fate and biological waste expulsion. The present topic mainly highlights the Malabsorption syndrome in view of impairment of functioning of doshas.

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Authors: Gandhi Rachana, Patel Manish, Patel Kalapi, Gupta S N

INTRODUCTION Madhumeha is a vata dominant prameha which comes into yapya category of asadhya diseases having madhusamam mutrapravritti and prabhuta-avilamutrata as cardinal features. Type 2 diabetes mellitus of modern medical science resembles avaranajanya madhumeha mentioned in classics. MATERIALS AND METHODS Total 31 patients of madhumeha were treated with multimodal therapy for 6 weeks. Following sarvanga abhyanga with tilataila and sarvanga bashpasvedana with plain steam for 3 days in early morning, mriduvirechana was given on 3rd day with erandasneha 30-40 ml and dinadayalachurna three to five grams (according to koshtha) which was followed by samsarjanakrama on 4th day. Niruhabasti with pathyadi kvatha was given for 8 days starting from the 5th day. Jambubija ghanavati was started as oral medicament from 5th day in dose of 4 tablets (500 mg each) twice a day before meals which was given for total 38 days. The results were then assessed by relief in subjective and objective criteria by a specially prepared grade score and laboratory investigations. RESULTS: Significant improvement with p value less than 0.001 was observed in all of the subjective and objective criteria. CONCLUSION: Madhumeha is yapya disease which can be managed by this multimodal therapy showing significant improvement in all of the subjective and objective criteria.

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Authors: Patel Zalak, Gupta S. N., Patel Kalapi and Patel Manish

INTRODUCTION Pandu is a pitta dominant tridoshaja disorder affecting the whole body. Iron deficiency anemia can result from inadequate iron intake, decreased iron absorption, increased iron demand or increased iron loss. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total 30 patients of pandu were registered in two groups. Patients of group A were treated with lohamritam: 1 tablet of 250 mg twice a day on empty stomach with honey for 8 weeks of period. Patients of group B were treated with ferrous sulphate: 1 tablet of 200 mg twice a day with lemon water on empty stomach for 8 weeks of period. Signs and symptoms were assessed with the help of specially prepared grade scores. Haematological parameters were also assessed. RESULTS Patients of group A who were treated with lohamritam oral medicaments have same relief compared to the patients of group B who consumed oral medicaments of ferrous sulphate. It was tested with un-paired ‘t’ test. CONCLUSION Lohamritam is effective therapy for the management of pandu vis-a-vis iron deficiency anemia. Considering the level of significance, lohamritam is equally effective when compared with the ferrous sulphate, already established modern conventional medicine for iron deficiency anemia.

13

Authors: K G Surangi and Shamsa Fiaz

Shalakya Tantra is one among the Ashtanga Ayurveda; which deals with diseases occurring above the clavicle specially the sensory organs. The disorders which cause partial or complete visual disturbances are known as Drishtigata Roga. As per Vagbhata, 3rd Patalagata Timira is known as Kācha which is characterized by gradual loss of vision and Rāgaprāpta Drishti (coloured visual/pupillary area). In cataract the crystalline lens becomes coloured due to opacifications and the main feature of immature cataract is gradual diminished vision. Hence 3rd Patalagata Timira can be correlated with the Immature Senile Cataract. Cataract is the world’s leading cause of blindness affecting an estimated 20 million people. This is expected to increase to 50 million by the year 2020. In this regard current study was carried out with the aim of to evaluate the role of Navapatala Varti Anjana along with Śatāvaryādi Cūrņa in the management of Kācha. Trial was conducted with 30 patients attending the OPD and IPD of Shalakya Department of NIA, Jaipur as per the exclusion and inclusion criteria. Assessments were done before (BT) and after (AT) completion of treatment and after the follow up (AF) period with SPSS 2016 and Microsoft Excel 2007. All the chief complaints got statistically highly significant results. Statistically highly significant results were found in visual acuity and PSC type of cataract while Nuclear and cortical type of cataract received statistically significant results. Hence immature cataract can be successfully managed by the selected medicines.

14

Authors: Tayyaba Sadiq and Muhammad Azeem

Due to the increase in number of resistant bacterial strains, there is an urgent need for the development of alternative therapies for bacteria induced diseases. Herbal formulations presented good alternative due to their enhanced effect and less side effects. This study was aimed to develop a herbal formulation (gel) with a new combination containing extract of Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Coriander leaves (Coriandrum sativum) in the ratio of 2: 1.75.Neem leaves extract contain active compounds such as Azadirachtin, Nimbidin and Nimbinin, Gallic acid, Epicatechin, Margolone and Catechin which are responsible for antibacterial and antiinflammatory activity that can help in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Coriander leaves contain many important chemical constituents which are having pronounced antibacterial effects such as Plantaricin, an antimicrobial peptide containing 26 amino acids. Herbal gel formulations were developed by using the extract of Neem and Coriander leaves. Phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed to determine major chemical constituents in each of extract. Antibacterial activity was determined by disc diffusion method against strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Propionibacterium acnes. Propionibacterium acnes contributes to development of acne and Staphylococcus epidermidis considered to trigger inflammation along with Propionibacterium acnes and it is well documented. Activity of extracts was compared against standard antibiotic Clindamycin. Combination of Extracts of Neem and Coriander (2:1.75) showed maximum zone of inhibitions due to synergism but less as compared to Clindamycin. Two gel formulations G1 and G2 were developed and evaluated for physical parameters such as color, consistency, greasiness, odor, pH, viscosity and extrudability. These gels differs by the relative ratio of extracts of Neem and Coriander leaves, 1.75:2 for G1 and 2:1.75 for G2. G2 proved best formulation in term of antibacterial activity

16

Authors: Kiran R. Pabitwar and B. H. Shyamkuwar

Dhatusaratvaparikshan is one of the basic inclusion of DashvidhaAaturpariksha(tenfold examination) as told by Charaka.Saara i.e., means excellent, genuine part of Dhatu.Equilibrium between Dosha, Dhatu, Mala, and factors like AatmaIndriya and Manais indicative sign of Swasthapurusha (healthy person).As Dosha are predominant factors of pathogenesis of any disease; certain organ or system get affected due to vitiation of Dosha. Most of the attacking site of Doshais Dhatu; it is the main target part. For every conquer situation,picture may not be same. Though the Dosha are vitiated and having a favorable condition for emerging morbidity they could not create disease. It is all due to dominant Saratva of that person. In KashyapaSamhita it is stated that person is having predominance of Rasasara will not get affected to skin disorders quoted as Twakarogarahito, besides this it is mentioned thatRasasara persons have the ability of Sadyakshatprarohatva (fast healing of wound). Indirectly we can say that person having certaindominant Dhatusarata is immune to diseases of particularDhatu.In modern science while the description ofblood groups it is stated that certain blood group persons are having proneness to certain disease. Ex. Persons of blood group O are having three times more possibility to have ulcers than other group. Persons of blood group A are prone to Diabetes,Anemia and Gastric carcinoma. There is an association between blood group and disease. Ayurveda implies for a certain link between DhatuAsratva and disease. Phenomenon of disease; its associatory link with DahtuAsartva and blood group must be rectified. . Considering the same fact in 1996 -1999 a cross sectional observational study was done. About 150 diagnosed cases of anemia, diabetes, ulcer and carcinoma were screened. DhatusartvaParikshan of all subjects was done and observations were correlated. It was found that there is a certain correlation of AsarDhatu and Blood group.

5

Authors: Nithin Kumar and U Govindaraju

Marmas are the vital spots in the human body where mamsa, sira, snayu, asthi, sandhi & prana reside. These vital areas on injury cause death or death like miseries. They are 107 in number. Marmas are classified into various types based on location, predominant marma vastu & vikalpa. Vishalyagna marma is one type of marma based on vikalpa. Two Utkshepa & one Sthapani are the three vishalyagna marma located in our body. During vishalyagna marmabhigata, by the removal of shalya from wound site person will die due to bahirgamana of vayu and if shalya is not removed from wound site or falls by itself after paka then person will survive. In this article an attempt has been made to understand the concept of Sushrutokta Vishalyagna marma

5

Authors: Vishesh Sharma and Tanvi Mahajan

Dushtavranas(Chronic ulcers) are frequently encountered problem of the current population, produced commonly as complication of trauma or pathological insult. It is seen as debilitating and scaring disorder usually seen affecting the human beings at any age.AcharyaSushruta“The Father of Indian Surgery” mentioned 60 Upakramas for the management of Vrana andone among them is local application of VranaBasti. In the present study GauradyaGhritais selected which is cited by AcharyaYogratnakar for VranaBasti. It is one of the best substitutes for chronic wound healing because of its better shodhana,ropana&vednasthapana effect. Here,a case report of 32 year old man was presented, having complaint of an open traumatic ulcer on the left leg having symptoms like slough, discharge, foul smell, pain, oedema and discoloured skin.

6

Authors: Dipa Mehta and Ankita Viroja

Khalitya is also called Kesharoga in Ayurveda. Acharya Vagbhatt has mentioned Rasayan and Keshyadravyas as a treatment of Khalitya and also helpful to nourish the root of hair. Acharya Susruta said that proper use of Rasayan and Keshyadravyas leads to stoppage of hair fall, increase in length and number of hair and preventing hair from becoming gray or white. In this clinical study patients were treated by Bhringraj tablet and it was very effective in khalitya due to Bhringraja, having Keshay and Rasayan properties.

6

Authors: Ramesh kaundal, OmPrakash Sharma and Anil Badhoria

Pilonidal sinus in Greek means ‘Nest of Hair’. It is also called as Jeep-bottom because it is very common in jeep drivers. It is an acquired condition found most commonly in the natal cleft overlying the coccyx. It is a challenging problem because the surgical procedures carried out for pilonidal sinus are very painful, expensive, requires longer hospitalization, and chances of recurrence after surgery are most expected. To overcome these problems it was decided to use ksharasutra in such a case of pilonidal sinus. Ksharasutra not only minimizes complications and recurrence but it is also cost effective and enables the patient to resume work at a fast pace with less discomfort

6

Authors: Jasmina Acharya and Foram Joshi

INTRODUCTION: In present era Vandhyatva has been an unsolved major complain of womanhood. Bijadushti is one of four baseline reasons in the development of Vandhyatva. Infertility is defined as a failure to conceive within one or more years of regular unprotected coitus. As per FIGO (The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics), ovarian factor is contributing 30-40% of cases of female infertility. Though, there is a good number of treatment protocols available for the management of infertility due to anovulatory cycle, plenty of side effects of modern treatment causes dissatisfaction in society. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE: The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of Ayurvedic line of treatment in the management of Bijadushti Janya Vandhyatva. CASE REPORT: A 29 years old female patient presented with the complaints of failure to conceive since last 3 years and associated complain of irregular menses since past 4 months. On investigation it was diagnosed as a case of infertility due to ovarian factor. She was treated successfully with indigenous Ayurvedic drugs as an outdoor patient for a period of 9 months. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Regular menses was achieved after 3 months medical management and she conceived pregnancy after completing 9 months medical treatment. CONCLUSION: Ayurvedic treatment protocol is having potential role in the management of Bijadushtijanya Vandhyatva. Further research works on large sample size is required to establish standardized treatment guideline for the management of Bijadushti Janya Vandhyatva wsr to infertility due to ovarian factor.

6

Authors: Bharat L. Bhadiyadra, Hitesh A. Vyas, Harisha C. R. and M. K. Vyas

According to the fundamental of Ayurveda, therapy should have pacifying outcome on the disease and it must not create any adverse effect. A drug should not be only effective, but also easily available. Pueraria tuberose; is among the best nutritive herbs in Ayurveda. Vidarikanda is considered as Vata and Pitta pacifying and effective as Rayasan and Bruhaniya in Ayurvedic treatises hence Vidarikandakshirpaka was selected in the present study for the management of Karshya. The present study was aimed at setting up a standard profile of Vidarikandakshirpaka through the Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis as per protocol. The observations were systematically recorded. Pharmacognostical findings like pitted vessel of Vidari, fibers of Vidari, brown content tenin of Vidari, fragment of annular vessels of Vidari and covering trycome of Vidari, oil globules of milk etc. were observed. Organoleptic features of coarse powder were matched as per API parameters. physicochemical result showed water soluble extract 28.68% w/w, methanol soluble extract 6.96%, ash value 14.32 %, acid insoluble ash 3.12%. As per the above analysis it was concluded that the formulation meets the minimum qualitative standards as reported in the API at a preliminary level.

7

Authors: Nirmal Bhusal and Santosh Kumar Bhatted

Ankylosing Spondylitis is a seronegative chronic inflammatory disorder affecting primarily the spine and sacroiliac joints, secondly the other major joints in the body. It is more common in males (Male/ Female ratio 9:1) and the age of onset being 15-20 years. The incidence of HLAB27 is less than 1 percent in general population but it is present in more than 85% of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The aim of treatment is to control pain and maintain maximum degree of joint mobility. Ayurveda holistic approach may have better results. A 31 years old male patient of Ankylosing Spondylitis with HLAB27 positive since 8 years was admitted in NIA, Jaipur. The patient had pain and stiffness in back, difficulty in forward and lateral bending and lying supine. He was unable to sit in squat position for defecation. There was only 2 cm chest expansion on forced inspiration and cervical and lumbar range of movement(ROM) was decreased. The patient was treated with Baluka Sweda 4 days followed by Yoga Basti (Erandamuladi Niruha and Dashamula Matra Basti) along with some Ayurveda oral Palliative medicines Simhanada Gugullu, Dashamula Kwatha and Nimbaamrutadi Erandam. The mobility of joints in cervical and Lumbar ROM was increased. Patient was able to sit in squat position. Chest expansion increased by 1 cm and Significant improvement was observed in Pain and stiffness. Patient was happy and satisfied with quality of life. The Ayurveda intervention was found to be efficacious in the management of Ankylosing Spondylitis.

7

Authors: Vaibhav K. Bhadage and Milind B. Nikumbh

BPH or Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy is a growing public health problem worldwide. A large proportion of the population from old age is at the risk of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Lifestyle and metabolic factors associated with significantly increased risk of benign prostatic hypertrophy and lower urinary tract symptoms include obesity, diabetes and fat consumption. Sushurta had described 12 clinical manifestations causing retention or obstruction of urine. Asthila is one amongst the 12 types of mootraghata. In Mootrasthila, swelling is manifested in between gudmarga and basti which resembles the shape of Asthila1 . The symptoms like retention of urine, dribbling, incomplete voiding, hesitancy etc. are found in Mootrasthila which resembles the disease BPH, as described in modern medical science2 . It is not a life threatening disease but is more troublesome and affects the quality of life. In this study the normal and abnormal anatomy of prostate will be studied. Many of the treatments are described in Samhitas for the management of Mootrasthila. Among them, Uttarbasti is one of the treatments used in this study. Anatomical changes (dimensions) occurring in BPH by administration of Uttar basti, will be my observational study

8

Authors: Ramesh M. Bansode and Shraddha Mahamulkar

Modern civilizations have changed human life considerably with both good and bad effects on human health. Lifestyles have totally changed and life is too much faster these days where, people have to work round the clock in unhealthy and polluted surroundings and under stressful situations. Ayurveda compares the human body with nature; Purusha means body and loka means nature, tulyatvam means similarity. Whichever (yantra) elements are present in the nature are also present in human body and vice versa. This principle is also called as “Pinda bramhand nyaya.” Rutu means the movement of time as a seasonal change. Time brings changes in the gunas or primordial qualities and in the doshas or pshycobiological humors. Seasonal changes influence all living organs. The rutus affect the doshas either by increasing the natural gunas of dosha or by decreasing them. Pranvahstrotas is the main strotasa out of the 13 strotasa present in the human body. According to the Ayurvedic samhitas, the moolsthan of pranvahstrotas is hridya and mahastrotas. But there is direct relation between pranvahstrotas and respiratory system. The three doshas that is vata, pitta and kapha present in the human body have similar functions. Like vayu, surya and Chandra present in the outer atmosphere or universe. So there is change in the human body according to the changes that occurs in the outer atmosphere out of the three doshas, Vayu mainly protects supports and directs the living creature. It is directly related to the respiratory system and has effect on it. Thus it is essential to study about the changes in the human physiology related to pranvah strotas.

8

Authors: Niti T. Shah, Bharati Umrethia and Tushar P. Shah

Objective: To evaluate the effect of Kusha (Imperata cylindrica Beauv.) and Darbha (Desmostachya bipinnata Stapf.) for Mutrala (diuretic) activity in experimental animals. Methods: Three groups of six animals were used for experiment. Test drugs and vehicle were administered for one day. Diuretic activity was analyzed as per standard protocol. Results: It was observed that from the two test formulations administered, Desmostachya bipinnata possessed moderate diuretic activity whereas Imperata cylindrica had only weak effect. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the data generated during the study that Desmostachya bipinnata produces moderate diuretic effect which is much higher in magnitude in comparison to the weak diuretic effect observed with Imperata cylindrica. Also Desmostachya bipinnata has the potential to influence serum electrolyte content especially potassium and chloride content

9

Authors: Atul.M.Bhavsar and Ram B. Shukla

Thalassemia is an inherited blood disorder in which the body is unable to make adequate and proper hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is present in the Red Blood Cells (RBC). Normally red cells survive for 120 days, but in Thalassemia red cell survival is reduced. In  Thalassemia there is a deficient synthesis of  chains and the manifestations are due to the excessive  chains. While in  Thalassemia  chains are reduced and excess of  chains causes reduced survival. In our country  Thalassemia is very common. The line of treatment of PanduRoga has different formulations mentioned in the classics but in severe blood loss condition, CharakAcharya mentioned Raktbasti treatment. Keeping this in view the Raktabasti treatment is selected from the CharakSamhitaSiddhisthana Chapter-6. Patients with signs and symptoms as per proforma were selected from the OPD of the intitution. Minimum 30 patients for treated and 30 patients for control group were selected with inclusive and exclusive criteria To evaluate the efficacy of Raktbasti treatment in Thalassemia Major. Patients treated with conventional medical treatment were taken in control group whereas patients treated with only Raktabasti were taken in treated groups.

9

Authors: Kayomaz Mahervan Mogal, Mohit Pravinbhai Paghdar and Pragnesh Patel

With the rise of sports buzz, in the same proportion propensity for injuries is inclining especially in the areas of Rujakara Marma Pradesha. When we go through the Ayurvedic doctrines we definitely do not find direct references regarding a specialty called sports medicine or Krida Ayurveda nor do we have readymade management plans for sports related ailments. This attempt aims at exploring the scope of Ayurveda in making very significant contribution to the field of modern sports injuries. So, the combined effect of Manjishthadi Lepa with Laksha Guggulu will fulfill our treatment aim regarding to Rujakara Marma Kshata lakshanas w.s.r. to Sports injury. Method: In this study, randomly selected 25 patients from the hospital of government Akhandanand Ayurved College, Ahmedabad, with diagnostic criteria of swelling, tenderness, difficulty in movements and patients with history of Rujakara Marma Kshata lakshanas w.s.r. to Sports injury injury. Results: Out of 25 patients, complete relief was observed in 60 %, moderate relief in 20%, mild relief in 8 % and no relief in 12 % of patients. Conclusion: Manjishthadi Lepa with Laksha Guggulu was observed to be very beneficial in Sports injury like contusion, sprain, strain and hairline fracture.

9

Authors: Shruthi.C.S, PrabhakaraUpadhyaya Renjal and Sujatha.K

The 21st century has marked the evolution of new era with advent of attitudes and thoughts in healthcare system. While bringing traditional medicine of India into limelight, Ayurveda has always been criticized because of its ambiguity and philosophical tenets incomprehensible to occidental mind. Rasashastra is one branch of Ayurveda, which deals with herbomineral/metals/non-metals preparations called Bhasmas. They are claimed to be biologically produced nanoparticles. Our acharyas had the vast knowledge of these bhasmas because of which it was popularly practiced by them in various conditions. Inspite of this importance we are not able to globalize bhasmas. So now it is the time to wake up and work hard to uplift status of bhasma which results in better status of Ayurveda in and around country. Once we analyse problems it is our responsibility to find solutions for the same. Here comes the role of standardization, which is needed for raw material, process and finished product. It was explained by our acharyas with Ayurvedic parameters which is not sufficient in present day scenario & it is a matter of discussion. Using modern techniques effectively without compromising in our classical formulae is the need of the hour. When the bhasma passes through all these steps it will be definitely of best quality which certainly results in its better status in and around country leading to acceptance of Ayurveda in the world.

9

Authors: N. S. Gangasagre, Nilesh Salve, Shital Mirajkar, Subhashini Lahankar and Ravindra Pandhare

Ayurveda gives more importance to prevention of disease and maintenance of health. As given in ayurvedic classic text, a poison is a substance which vitiate normal functioning of dosh, dhatu, mala. Thousands of harmful toxins are present in atmosphere that are ingested by the human beings on daily basis. As described in our Samhita Granthas, Dushivisha is an intake of toxic drugs which is less potent and remains in dormant state within the body for year together without causing any major harm to body. As we see in today's era workers working in lead industry like enamel workers, glass blowers, printing works has typical chronic lead poisoning symptoms such as constipation, tremors, menstrual disarrangements etc due to chronic exposure to lead which accumulates in body and produces its ill effect like Dushivisha. Arsenic, copper, mercury chronic occupational poisoning also happened due to long exposure of poison working in respective industry. In agriculture, the chronic exposure to OPP, OCP, weed killers like parquet, chlorophenoxyacetates, chlorates used to prevent infection in plants, being sprayed by farmers on daily basis, leads to symptoms like dysphasia, oropharyngial ulcers, coughing, pain in abdomen, etc. These symptoms resemble to Dushivisha like symptoms. From this article, we may correlate the symptoms of Dushivisha with the chronic occupational poisoning and agricultural field exposure to weed killers, which may be helpful to understand the concept of Dushivisha. It is very important for us to realize the health hazardous effects of cumulative poison and its proper time to time prevention as well as its proper treatment.

10

Authors: Pratibha M. Gayakwad, Seema V. Giri and M. J. Qadri

Ichthyosis is a relatively uncommon group of skin disorders characterized by presence of excessive amount of dry surface scales1 . The word itchy means- fish2 .It is the disorder of keratinisation cornification and is due to abnormal epidermal differentiation or metabolism3 . Ichthyosis affects people of all age groups and gender4 .Each year more than 16,000 babies are born with some or the other form of Ichthyosis 5 . Recent study shows that approximately 300 babies are born in each year with moderate to severe form of Ichthyosis6 . Ichthyosis which presents at birth or within the first year continues throughout their life time. Specific signs and symptoms of Ichthyosis depend on the particular form7 . Common signs include dry scaly skin, redness, blistering or excessive skin shedding. Symptoms include itching, overheating and pain. In this case classical features of Ichthyosis were on only palms and soles edges were present. He had received frequent treatment from various dermatologists, but the results were not satisfactory. Patient was treated with Ayurvedic management mentioned in Kushthachikitsa like Snehan (oleation), Shaman (conservative), Raktsprasadan (blood purifier) for 1½ month. He got significant relief from the signs & symptoms of Ichthyosis. This article presents a single case report in which Icthyosis has been controlled by Ayurvedic means.

10

Authors: Akram Zangeneh, Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh, Majid Hajialiani3 , Rohalah Moradi, Reza Tahvilian, Faezeh sanjabi shirazi, Sajad Felegari and Hadis Fartab

Ethnomedicinal plants are considered as recent resources for producing agents that could act as alternative to antibiotics in demeanor of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Pistacia lentiscus (PL) is a native plant in Iran, and is used as a medicinal plant. The aim of the recent study is evaluation of antibacterial activities of PL against common pathogen (Staphylococcus aureus with ATCC No. 25923 (SA)) in Iran. The antibacterial effects of PL oil were evaluated by macro-dilution method in Mueller-Hinton broth medium, agar disk and agar well diffusion methods. The results revealed that the oil of PL inhibited the growth of SA and destroyed it. Also, when the concentration of oil was increased, the zone of inhibition was found to increase in many of the samples. In agar disk diffusion the widest inhibition zone of 13 mm occurred in 0.125 g/ml PL with no inhibition with DMSO. In agar well diffusion, values were lesser than the disk method. Inhibition ceased at levels of 0.003 g/ml PL. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of PL were 0.031 g/ml. The results defined that in tested bacterium, there was a considerable discrepancy in terms of sensitivity to PL oil. We believe that this study will provide support to the antibacterial properties of the oil. Our findings indicate the fact that the oil of PL can be useful as medicinal or preservative composition.

10

Authors: Patil Sarika*Govindrao, Shinde Rohini Panjabrao and A.B.Deshmukh

In the current scenario of ageing population and increased environmental factors the more prevalent eye disease is ‘Dry Eye Syndrome’. It is a tear film disorder caused by tear deficiency or excessive tears evaporation which results in ocular surface damage and there by irritation, discomfort and dimness of vision.The available modern treatment for dry eye has same lacunas like frequent instillation develops drug toxicity and costly regime. To overcome these lacunas and increased prevalence of the disease, it is necessary to look for alternative therapy.According to Ayurveda,the symptoms of dry eye can be co-relate with vatajnetrarog, pittaj Netrarog and Shushka-Akshipak, and at the same time various treatment modalities are described like Tarpan, Aschotana, as line of treatment. Therefore the present study is carried out to evaluate the role of Shatavari Ghrita Netratarpan in the management of dry eye syndrome.

11

Authors: R. S. Dhimdhime, D. T. Kodape, K. B. Pawar3 , D. V. Kulkarni, N. B. Bhaldar 5 and P. D. Dongre

Research is an endeavour to discover new facts or correlation of old facts by scientific study of a subject. The science, through which scholars can ascertain the factors which are useful or harmful for the life including causative factors and those involved in the treatment of diseases is called Ayurveda. From ancient era, to get proper knowledge of science of Ayurveda, there was necessity of scientific methods of approach which could clarify unclear things so that knowledge becomes accepted all over world. Therefore, Charakacharya explained lot of things about ancient methods of scientific approach which can be correlated with the modern research methodology tools which have prime importance for any fact or statement that becomes theory. In Charaka Samhita Charakacharya has described characteristics of good researcher which can be correlated with modern research methodology. Charakacharya has given lot of contribution with respect to modern research methodology in Vimanastana as well as in Sutrastana. In Ayurveda there are many synonyms of research one of them is Anusandhana which means the study of cause and effect relationship between Dravya, Guna and Karma after several observations and through verifiable examinations arrival at final conclusion. The concepts of Pancha-avayava-vakya are five ancient steps for establishment of fact, which makes Siddhanta (theory). The critical scientific approach of Ayurveda is based upon knowledge of Pramana which can be considered as scientific tools of Research.

12

Authors: Mohammad Mahdi Zangeneh, Akram Zangeneh, Reza Tahvilian, Rohallah Moradi, Koosha Kiani, Mostafa Khalili2 ,Tahereh Shikhi and Amir Amiri

Ethnomedicinal plants are considered common resources for yielding supplements that could use as alternatives to antibiotics in cure of antibiotic-resistant micro-organism. Verbascum thapsus (VT) is a native plant in west of Iran, which the has been applied as an antioxidant, antiflammatory, antiviral, antifungal, and antipyretic in Iran. The aim of the recent study was assessment of antibacterial properties of VT aqueous extract on common pathogen (Bacillus subtilis ATCC No. 21332 (BS)). The antibacterial effects of VT was evaluated by macro-dilution method in Mueller-Hinton broth medium and agar well and disk diffusion methods. The results indicated that the aqueous extract of VT have strong levels of antibacterial activities against BS. By augmenting the concentration of the extract, the inhibition zone in many of the samples increased. Partially, in agar disk diffusion the widest inhibition zone of 18 mm was observed at 0.083 g/ml VT with no inhibition with distilled water. In agar well diffusion, the widest inhibition zone of 13 mm occurred at 0.083 g/ml. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of VT were 0.01 g/ml. Our findings revealed that VT aqueous extract had a potential to be used as antibacterial supplement or drug.

12

Authors: Nishant Kaushik, Poonam Bhojak, R. V. Shettar and Mahendra Choudhary

Background: Aim & Objective: To comparatively evaluate the clinical efficacy of Abhadi Vati and Chinchadi Taila in subjects of Sandhivata. Study Design: The study has been conducted on total 30 subjects of Sandhivata. The patients had been randomly selected from the OPD of Sri Danappa Gurusidappa Melmalagi Ayurveda Medical College & Hospital, Gadag, Karnataka for the respective clinical trial and were divided into 2 groups i.e., Group A (Abhadi Vati) and Group B (Chinchadi Taila), respectively. Assessment criteria: Both objective and subjective criteria of assessment were considered on the basis of relief in the signs and symptoms of Sandhivata. Results: The comparative clinical trial amongst Group A (Abhadi Vati) and Group B (Chinchadi Taila), respectively result in the latter proving to be clinically more effective than the former

15

Authors: Ujwala Ashokrao Jadhao, Nalini Rameshrao Hedaoo, Rajesh k. Ingole and Lagad C.E

There are various forms of Ras-aushadhi Nirman. One of the most popular form is Parpati kalpana Nirman. In which Shwetaparpati is specially mentioned for Urinary disorders in Sidhhayog Sangraha . It is one of the most popular formulation commonly used by practitioners. In every experimental study, only theoretical knowledge is not sufficient, it should be practically analyzed as per standard analytical procedures. Detailed procedure of Shweta Parpati Nirman is not mentioned properly in textual references. There is lack of explanation about whether the ingredients should be Ashodhit (Impure), Shodhit(Internalpurification), or Nirmalikruta (External purification). So it is very important to do the experimental study on such unexplained pharmaceutical procedure. This study is a humble effort to establish the standard operating procedure for Shweta Parpati nirman by using Ashodhit, Shodhit & Nirmalikruta ingredients.