Business Inform

8-12

Authors: Lehominova S. V.

The article is aimed at synthesis of the theoretical approaches to the definition of «competitiveness of human capital», as well as determination of the life cycle stages. Directions of an effective practical education and interactive education in particular have been outlined. The fundamental component that determines competitiveness of human capital are investments, which should be of adequate, continuous and effective nature. Tools of formation of a competitive human capital as a strategic factor are optimization of public costs and effective use of resources to education, science, research and development, implementing structural institutional reforms to improve the quality of knowledge, betterment of the architectonics of entities with preserving their independence, adequate regulation of the economy, promotion of competition of producers, creation of favorable conditions for small and medium-sized businesses. It is advisable to take into account the income policy, as well as the generally accepted human values. Prospect of further research is development of methods for institutional reforming and financing education and science to provide sustainable economic development.

35-40

Authors: Yuhimets R. S.

The European legislation does not impose specific rules, according to which national markets must be reformed, it merely defines the basic principles for their continued functioning. This article analyzes the formal foundations in the field of establishing minimum level of the quality standards as to market operation, determines the possible impact of market methods of the State regulation on the behavior of economic agents in the course of the introduc�tion of European standards and principles. Differences in both licensing and natural gas contracts with operators have been disclosed: the main purpose of licensing is to protect end-users, whereas the main purpose of contracts with the TSO is provision of economic relations at the market. Therefore, on the basis of these positions, the leading European practices for regulating the licensing and natural gas contracts have been analyzed, influence of the basic and advanced requirements for the national market has been examined and a conclusion has been made that these requirements can become barriers to the openness of Ukrainian market.

70-76

Authors: Skitsko V. I., Ignatova Iu. V

The article describes the key points of an online store functioning. The basic steps of activity of a typical online store has been considered and a scheme for its functioning has been elaborated. Separately has been allocated the operation task for two phases in the online store activity: depot departments and own delivery service. On the basis of the queueing theory, a stochastic model of functioning of the indicated phases has been proposed. The created stochastic model of a two-phase queueing network with a poisson input has been provided in both dynamics and stationary operating condition. Using the condition of the flow maintaining, analytical expressions of the basic op�erating characteristics of processes of fulfilling the orders by online store as a queueing network in the stationary mode has been derived. In particular have been derived analytical expressions for the probabilities of the system states, the share of network downtime and the average number of claims in the system. On the basis of the proposed model, the need to develop in fur�ther researches a controlled queueing network system has been determined

113-118

Authors: Verhoglyadova N. I., Pismennaya O. B.

The article is aimed at examination of approaches to the management of re�sources saving. Relevance of improving the efficiency of the management of re�sources saving in the uranium mining industry sector has been displayed. It has been determined that resources saving contributes to increasing the rationality of use of resources. In course of the study the basic directions of the economic use of resources have been substantiated. The main approaches to manage�ment have been allocated, also the possibility and limitation of applying these approaches to the management of resources saving have been examined. The situation that prevails in the uranium mining industry sector in Ukraine was con�sidered, which allowed to identify the main determining factors. An analysis of approaches to the management of resources saving has provided a developing a system of measures for functioning of the uranium mining industry sector.

153-165

Authors: Zablovskiy A. V., Petrukha S. V., Nazukova N. M.

The article discusses the most topical issues of the analysis of volumes of the State support for dairy sector, the instrumental-contensive ensuring of macroeconomic controls for regulating its development. Attention has been paid to the key factors that have shaped the stagnation processes in the dairy industry sector in the light of the growing needs of fully or partially artificial feeding more than half infants in Ukraine, which occurs against the back�ground of the positional uncertainty of the industry sector in the markets of the European Union member countries, which, in turn, are the acknowledged priorities of the strategic documents of the highest level, in particular strate�gies for sustainable development «Ukraine – 2020» and the Uniform inte�grated strategy for the development of both agriculture and rural areas to 2015–2020. As result, we have determined that the State support for milk production is deformed towards indirect support, is tendentiously correlated with the State policy in respect of the entire agrarian sector of Ukrainian economy. Considering this, we have proposed three scenario directions for development of dairy industry sector, each of which has a special set of instru�ments, suitable for a specific industry development cycle, relates to the real possibilities of the State budget of Ukraine, as well as combines both direct and indirect State support for its development

232-237

Authors: Bilous N. M.

The article considers features of integrated assessment of life insurance activ�ities by insurance companies. To improve the process of sustainability assess�ment, it is necessary to examine various methods for calculating the integral index, disclose their advantages and disadvantages. The research is focused on formation of sustainability of insurance companies providing life insur�ance services at the regional level. Life insurance is one of the fastest growing economic branches in our country, but a significant imbalance, which is seen in the regional context, prevents the full development and reduces the sus�tainability of companies. Integrated assessment of company status extends the economic substance of the concept of sustainability and can be used to characterize the ability of companies to return to equilibrium, preserve their settings, and move on to a new stage of development at the regional level, in the context of random changes in the external and internal environment when assessing the life insurance market

266-271

Authors: Momot T. V., Zhang Haoyu

The article is aimed to identify the personnel security indicators as constitu�ent of financial and economic security. In analysis, systematization and gen�eralization of scientific works by numerous scientists, a methodology for di�agnosis of personnel security has been developed, views of researchers on the definition of «staff loyalty» have been systematized. The indicators for estimating the status of the personnel security of enterprise in the machine�building economy sector have been substantiated. This process of substan�tiation is quite complex and contains potential opportunity for systemati�zation and generalization of theoretical positions, recommendations and suggestions by professionals, academics, international experience, including both developed countries and the native developments, carried out studies, legislative-normative base. Based on the above, a sequence of formation of a system of indicators to estimate the status of personnel security has been developed. A sequence of estimation of the status of personnel security of enterprise has been developed. It will enable to form a system of indicators, which provides for integration of the relations between the main directions of the enterprise's development strategy, which in turn allows to more con�sciously choose indicators of personnel security and to determine on their basis the integrated indicator of personnel security at the enterprise

25-29

Authors: Sobolieva M. V.

The article is aimed at the disclosure of the most significant manifestations of methodological errors in disclosing the role of axiological foundations of economic activity in present day conditions. Three such manifestations have been allocated: 1) attempts of a scientist to «retreat» into his own theoretical system of coordinates, its absolutization, and, if not disregarding, at least a purely formal acknowledgment of the existence of other contemporary approaches, without a reasoned analyzing the characteristics of strong and weak; 2) lack of critical rethinking of ideas of historical predecessors, which would be used to build own theoretical models of the contemporary economic life; 3) excessive academism and shematism of scientific results, predominance of qualitative analysis and insufficient attention to quantitative methods or even complete absence of any statistical evidence that results in significant difficulty or even impossibility of verifying certain allegations, provisions or practical application of the submitted ideas or suggestions.

48-53

Authors: Reshetniak O. I., Zaika Yu. A.

The aim of this article is to analyze the prospects for economic development of the Ukrainian economy by creating the integrated educational cluster structures. Authors of the article propose to implement the formation of integrated educational clusters in Ukraine as a method for the orderly development of Ukraine’s economy. For the control of sustainable development in terms of the formed integrated educational cluster, the main components should represent a combination of economic, organisational, motivational, coordinating, controlling methods and ways to manage the balanced development of economic system of individual regions and the State as a whole. In the course of the theoretical study of the development prospects of Ukrainian economy, basic functions, tasks and methods of managing the integrated educational cluster have been determined. A model for formation of a single integral educational cluster has been proposed, which includes five levels: individual educational institutions, regional education systems, business-structures-oriented, regional education systems, regional educational clusters, which take into account the sectoral specificity; unified integrated educational cluster of Ukraine. A model for improving the educational system of Ukraine according to the innovation development model, which involves the implementation of the cluster approach, has been presented.

86-93

Authors: Soboliev V. M., Korepanov O. S., Sobolieva M. V., Chernenko D. I.

The aim of the article is to identify the structure of the demand for clinical laboratory services (CLSs) in Ukraine in the regional context for its statistical estimation. The CLS market is seen as the demand for CLSs secured by payments of consumers. The author’s segmentation of the CLS market has been suggested. At the highest level of segmentation the two main structural elements having specific forms of supply and meeting the demand of consumers have been distinguished: 1. The CLSs offered for the purpose of medical diagnostic for the health recovery, restoration and preservation of a certain level of ability to work at its temporary loss. This market segment is conventionally called the medical and diagnostic one. The services provided with the purpose of detecting the disease, determining the diagnosis are prescribed by the doctor. 2. The CLSs offered for the preventive diagnostic in order to preserve and maintain a healthy body condition. This segment was characterized as preventive and diagnostic. The services are provided with the purpose of preventing diseases, usually initiated by the consumer (patient). The demand for CLSs of the first segment is determined on the basis of the data of the primary disease rate. The demand for CLSs of the second segment is determined on the basis of the age structure of consumers of the relevant services and medical recommendations on prescription of tests.

118-129

Authors: Sobkevych O. V.

In the article, on the basis of a common algorithm of diagnostics and management of economic security, threats to innovation security in the industry of Ukraine have been identified and systematized, specificity of their formation and manifestation has been described. It has been specified that the causes for threats to innovation security are both traditional risks of innovation activity in Ukraine, associated with low efficiency of State innovation policy, which leads to negative trends in the innovation development, and worsening of the political and economic instability (when the effect of the indicated factors makes companies refuse or postpone for the future implementation of innovative projects). Results of an analysis of threats to innovation security in the industry have provided data for composing a logical-structural scheme of the negative impact of innovation policies on the economic security of the State. It has been specified that this impact is being formed gradually, through the manifestation of effects initially in the form of negative trends of the innovative development of industry, further – threats to innovation security in the industry and, finally, – threats to the economic security of the State. To minimize the manifestations of threats to innovation security, a number of measures to be fulfilled by means of the public policies to enhance innovation processes and increase the use of scientific-technical potential of the industry has been proposed

235-240

Authors: Makarenko M. I., Gordieieva D. V.

The article is aimed to evaluate the sufficiency level of the international reserves of Ukraine, analyze the main ways of preserving the reserve assets as well as identifying possible sources for replenishment during the crisis period. The authors suggested to differentiate between the concepts of «sufficiency» of international reserves and their «optimality». The article analyzes the main advantages and disadvantages of current approaches to substantiation of sufficiency and optimality of reserve assets. The level of sufficiency of the international reserves of Ukraine has been calculated, using traditional criteria (covering the import, short-term debt, money supply) together with the combined criterion of the IMF. It has been concluded that at the end of the first quarter of 2015 reserve assets were not sufficient for all the considered criteria, aside from the monetary coverage criterion, not so much because of their growth, as because of reduction in the money supply in US-dollar terms owing to the devaluation of hryvnia. To locate possible sources for replenishment of the international reserves, the data of balance-of-payments of Ukraine as well as dynamics of reserve assets of several countries with transition economies in the period of the global crisis have been analyzed. It has been concluded that, at the present moment, the only source of external foreign currency resources is financial assistance, which is provided in terms of the program of cooperation with the IMF. To save the reserves, relationships with the countries-importers of Ukrainian goods need to be expanded as well as swap agreements should be concluded. Among the domestic sources of foreign currency resources, the currency and deposits of the non-bank economy sector can be considered as well, though the use of this resource is complicated by the mistrust in the Government and the banking system, significant devaluation and inflationary risks

311-315

Authors: Smyrnov S. O., Gil'orme T. V.

The article is aimed at development of theoretical, methodological guidelines and practical recommendations on formation of organizational-informational mechanism for marketing promotion of energy-saving technologies, which is based on constant organizational interaction and information interactive support (building the flexible on-line information systems) with introduction of the modern energy technologies in the markets of energy services in Ukraine. The article considers the methodological platform for building the organizational-informational mechanism for marketing promotion of energysaving technologies based on the life-cycle conception and the model created by Kurt Lewin. Further considered is a classification of groups of methods, taking into account peculiarities of marketing communication support for creation and market promotion of innovative energy-saving technologies (selection of communicative and analytical groups of methods). An assessment of economic feasibility of the proposed approaches on the basis of methodology by Gronbach and Gleser has been suggested.

21-26

Authors: Mykolenko O. P

The article is aimed to develop a conception about factors of achieving dynamic stability of the open-type economic systems in conditions of postindustrial development. In the analysis and synthesis of scientific works by foreign and domestic scholars, current forms of network interactions of economic entities on the market have been allocated. As result of research, the networkbased corporate and non-corporate inter-firm relations have been described. The specific role of the network institutions in the flexible framework of the vertically integrated structures has been disclosed, which, on the one hand, provides the latter with their own adaptability and resistance, on the other hand, provides stability of economic systems in the context of the postindustrial economy and increased competition. The most viable economic institutions, which are prone to institutional benefication of their own organization and obtaining synergy, have been allocated. It has been concluded that the network institutions ensure the integration of the open-type economic systems into global space and have specific capabilities of adapting the system to changes in the global environment.

60-66

Authors: Guryanova L. S.

One of the main objectives of development of the national economy at the present stage is to analyze the structural imbalances of territorial development. Strengthening of such imbalances leads to escalation of strife, increase of the threat to preserving the integrity of economic space. Solutions as to the indicated task should focus at improving the model basis of a mechanism for identifying factors of formation of structural imbalances in the development of territories, aimed at developing a complex of strategic preventive measures directed to elimination of these imbalances. The proposed mechanism involves the following main modules: estimation of interregional social-economic differentiation; analysis of convergence of regional development; prognosis of dynamics of development of the territories; elaboration of inertial and alternative scenarios of socio-economic development of regions. To solve the tasks of each module, a set of models has been developed. One of the main constituents of the proposed complex are the SAR-models of analysis of interregional interaction. Implementation of the above models indicates the formation of the most important effects in the innovation activities of regions, the transfer of social impulses. The developed models can be considered as a tool for support of decision-making in the sphere of State regional policy, aimed at ensuring the balanced development of territories through the establishment of coherent and mutually agreed system of strategic priorities for regional development, improving the investment activities of regional systems.

102-107

Authors: Panasiuk O. V

The article discusses issues and prospects of small business taxation in Ukraine. The article is aimed to evaluate the trends of development of small business in Ukraine, to identify issues of taxation of its activities and substantiate the ways to solve them. According to the results of the research has been determined that the small and medium business in Ukraine is developing with insufficient pace, which indicates the untapped potential. One of the reasons for the insufficiently active development of small business in Ukraine are distortions in the taxation system, creating prerequisites for using small business in the tax minimization schemes, rather than implementation of real activity. The changes in the arrangements for levying a single tax on legal and natural persons have been positive, because at a nominal decrease in the number of single tax payers amounts of their revenue have increased, and so have the amounts of single tax paid. When studying the foreign experience, has been determined that in most economically developed countries alternative tax regimes are either not used or used only during a certain period of time. Instead they have a massive list of tax incentives in the boundaries of regular tax system. Such experience should be implemented into practice of taxation in Ukraine. The foreign experience also demonstrates the high requirements for accounting and financial reporting. Similar requirements should be introduced in Ukraine, this will significantly improve the quality of financial reporting and will increase the confidence of lenders and investors towards the enterprises operating in the sector of small business

169-173

Authors: Bielova I. V

Both the absence of universal set of indicators and the diversity of existing approaches, arising from the need to take into account the specific characteristics of the country, postulated relevance of this research and the need to establish a system of indicators to identify the level of systemic financial risk. The article estimates interconnections between the indicators of functioning of the institutional sectors of the Ukrainian economy and the options of the onset of financial crisis in various economic spheres. As result of the carried out calculations, a system of relevant indicators of the systemic financial risk accumulation in the institutional sectors of the economy in the context of their time monitoring terms has been formed. The carried out research provides a basis for developing measures to manage systemic financial risks in the domestic economy.

8-15

Authors: Haharinov O. V., Kobziev P. M., Kotliar A. A.

The authors suggest to explore the topic of the true reasons for the collapse of the USSR as the main factor of contemporary low level of socio-economic development of many post-Soviet countries (Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, etc.). Based on the results of a system analysis of the approaches to creation and functioning of the Soviet State system, conducted by the authors, the understanding of what happened with the Soviet Union is going to be fundamentally changed. Pushing to the background the well-known causes of disintegration of the USSR, the authors propose a number of systemic causes: incompetence of creators of the state system in the sphere of establishing artificial organizational systems, such as state; ignoring systemic principles of creation and systemic regularities in the organization of function of artificial organizational systems; absence in the basic law (constitution) of rules and regulations for state functioning. Reasoning from the above considerations, the essence of disintegration of the USSR has been explained as an enthropogenic catastrophe, based on the unmanaged process of entropy increase in the artificial organizational systems, which leads to their breakup (selfdestruction). The authors provide scientific substantiation and warn that, in the absence of attention to the causes of this kind, disasters in the post-Soviet space will eventually be repeated (e.g., in case with the Russian Federation), most probably on a larger scale and with more tragic consequences

34-40

Authors: Kovalchuk M. V.

The article is aimed to explore the threatening influence of the latest postglobal phenomena and processes on the architectonics of security space of the global economic system. The article analyses the main measurements of economic space, explores the architectonics of security space from the perspective of institutional economics and, in particular, defines institutional imperatives for the formation of architectonics of security space, features of the new specific threats to the global economy in the post-global transformations phase have been described, the need for transformations in the existing institutional structures in order to increase the efficiency of their functioning and prevent the onset of large-scale crises of economic and geopolitical nature has been proven. Prospects for further research in this area is to identify threatening influence of post-global trends on the national economy and to elaborate recommendations for supplement and improvement of the architectonics of security space in current conditions.

39-51

Authors: Vlasiuk T. O.

The article considers the issues of ensuring the state foreign trade safety by using the tools of import policy. The analysis of the current condition of Ukraine import and import policy was carried out, the individual tools of the import policy were analyzed, a list of problems with the import that threaten separate industries of Ukraine was given, the measures, which implementation will positively affect the level of foreign trade safety of the state, were proposed.

59-64

Authors: Lazareva O. V.

The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and methodological approaches to managing the competitiveness of agricultural land tenure based on knowledge. The paper analyzes the approaches to the definition of the term «knowledge economy». The essence of the notion «competitiveness of land tenure» has been revealed. The components of the competitiveness of land tenure have been justified. The model of regional competitiveness of land tenure forming strategic guidelines of the competitiveness and conditions for its support has been presented. The priorities in the development of knowledge-based land tenure and its conditions have been substantiated. The regional peculiarities of agricultural production have been analyzed. The advantages of the strategy to ensure competitiveness have been shown. The mechanism for regulation of the knowledge-based land tenure competitiveness has been analyzed. It has been proved that the land tenure competitiveness should be considered in terms of its innovation. It is indicated that only on the basis of the knowledge economy it is possible to achieve a close convergence of agricultural land tenure as an important condition of its competitiveness

71-76

Authors: Portna O. V.

Development of scientific principles of reproducing the total financial potential of the country and its effective form is an urgent problem both in theoretical and practical aspects of the study, the solution of which is intended to ensure the active mobilization and effective use of the total financial potential of Ukraine, and as a result — its expanded reproduction as well, which would contribute to realization of the internal capacities for stabilization of the national economy. The purpose of the article is disclosing the essence of the effective form of reproducing the total financial potential of the country, analyzing the results of reproducing the total financial potential of Ukraine. It has been proved that the basis for the effective form of reproducing the total financial potential of the country is the volume and flow of resources, which are associated with the «real» economy, affect the dynamics of GDP and define it, i.e. resource and process forms of reproducing the total financial potential of Ukraine (which precede the effective one). The analysis of reproducing the total financial potential of Ukraine has shown that in the analyzed period there was an increase in the financial possibilities of the country, but steady dynamics of reduction of the total financial potential was observed. If we consider the amount of resources involved in production, creating a net value added and GDP, it occurs on a restricted basis. Growth of the total financial potential of Ukraine is connected only with extensive quantitative factors rather than intensive qualitative changes.

86-92

Authors: Sokoliuk G. O.

As a result of the study the argumentation of the need for domestic enterprises’ entering foreign markets has been provided and particularities of its conditions have been determined. The assessment of Ukraine on international ratings, which indicates a low level of its competitiveness, has been given. The investigation of ways and forms for Ukrainian enterprises’ entering foreign markets has been performed. The structure of export in the context of goods trends and in dynamics of the past five years has been analyzed. The main issues, which do not allow to fully realize the export potential of Ukraine have been generalized. The vectors to ensure the competitiveness of Ukrainian enterprises at their entering foreign markets in the context of European integration have been determined. Characteristics of the economic part of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU have been provided. It is argued that to conquer the European markets and defend their positions in the domestic ones it is important for Ukrainian enterprises to use the opportunity provided by the agreement timely. Prospects for further research are studying possibilities for implementation of an innovation-active model of management in the engineering industry.

99-107

Authors: Yaroshenko I. V., Semigulina I. B

In the work strategic approaches to the organization and functioning of the system for forecasting the socio-economic development in the EU countries, Ukraine and its regions have been considered, the existing problematic issues in Ukraine in this field analyzed, suggestions for their solving presented. Socio-economic development of the state and its regions is inextricably linked to providing the economic function of public safety. The mechanism for implementation of this task requires an objective and comprehensive analysis of the economy of Ukraine’s regions within the relevant indicators, which includes actual observation, monitoring, analysis and forecasting of key socio-economic indicators. The EU countries have a long experience of the functioning of an effective mechanism for territorial development management, the implementation of European economic policy is carried out in complex, involving all levels of the governmental authorities and civil society, which is reflected in the increase of their economies and approaching the goals of sustainable development. At the level of regions and individual territories in Ukraine the forecasting developments are non-systemic and isolated, there is no relationship with the national strategic documents of regional and sectoral development, practically no attention is paid to forecasting critical events and crises phenomena in individual regions of the country. Thus, for today the issue of creating and implementing an effective system for the strategic forecasting and planning of socio-economic development of the regions and individual territories remains relevant and appropriate. One of the components of such a system has to be a system for early detecting and preventing emergence of negative trends and factors, which implies a timely warning about the birth or beginning of crisis processes in every region, which, in turn, will be a signal to tighten anti-crisis measures and develop short-term plans of forestalling negative course of events with the purpose of the further effective functioning of the socio-economic system and achieving the goals of sustainable development of the country, regions and separate territories.