NPunto

19

Authors: Herráiz Fajardo, A.,R

Introduction: Skin lesions are one of the most common problems in Spanish primary care. Within this type of skin lesions we can find pressure ulcers. This type of injury has a very high incidence in bedridden and institutionalized patients. Within the treatments of skin wounds we can find the nutritional approach as a complementary treatment to existing health treatments and how this treatment is observed from the perspective of nursing. Objectives: Identify food treatments and food supplements related to nursing application in the treatment of skin wounds and pressure ulcers in the health environment. Material and method: To carry out this bibliographic review, we have consulted the following databases, Medline through the Pubmed platform, IBECS (BVS), SciELO and Google Scholar. We have conducted a search between January 2022 and August 2022. Conclusion: Nutrition is very important in the recovery of wounds and pressure ulcers, either due to malnutrition that the patient may suffer, as well as the lack of vitamins and nutrients that are closely related to skin healing.

21

Authors: Vallejo Sánchez, V

New technologies and constant innovation in everything related to wound healing, makes nursing is constantly evolving and learning. Practice teaches us that we can no longer use conventional methods in wound healing, there are perhaps little or less known new therapies that help us to significantly improve wound healing.

Sánchez Lozano, J., Martínez Pizarro, S

Authors: 7

Introduction: Sacroiliac dysfunction consists of reduced mobility of the sacrum in front of the ilium. It produces pain, numbness and disability. It may be due to abnormal movements or poor alignment of the joint. Furthermore, with the aging of the population, it has become a very common problem. Recently, the use of manual therapy in these patients has been suggested. Objective: The objective of this work is to conduct a systematic review to examine the effectiveness of manual therapy in reducing pain and disability in sacroiliac dysfunction. Method: A review was carried out following the PRISMA regulations. The databases of Pubmed, Cinahl, Lilacs, Ibecs, Dialnet, Scielo, Scopus, Cinahl and SportDiscus were consulted. The date of the last search was March 19, 2024. Results: Of the total databases, 78 studies were obtained. After eliminating duplicates and applying the inclusion criteria, 6 clinical trials remained. The publication period covered from 2019 to 2024. The total sample was 307 patients, the duration of treatment ranged between 1-12 weeks. Pain was measured with the Visual Analogue Scale and disability mainly with the Oswestry index. Conclusions: Manual therapy is effective in reducing pain and disability in patients with sacroiliac dysfunction. It is a safe technique, without serious adverse effects.

23

Authors: García Lozano, R

The elderly are in a vital stage that for society is low productivity and often less valued, they perceive it and often are not aware of their vital needs, their body changes in all spheres, without being supported by their peers or their environment. Sexuality is at all vital stages and the social and health system must have resources to accompany older people to have an active and pleasant sexuality.

28

Authors: Millán Moreno, J.,M., De Rita Pastor, R

The reproductive and sexual life of women is changing and that is why it must be given importance based on age. Sexuality is in constant transformation. It is a dynamic process where sexual energy is organized in different stages, each of these stages are essential for the adult personality to form and have a mature sexuality. Between 1990 and 2010, the subject of sexual health was incorporated in Spain. The concept of Sexual and Reproductive Health (S.S.R.) was born as such in 1994 in Cairo. The main objective of this bibliographic review is to know how sexuality affects the different stages of life in women. The keywords used and descriptors are: sexual health, midwife, reproductive stage and sexuality. Articles from the last five years have been chosen. As for how it affects sexuality in different stages of women and how you can handle in consultation those doubts or problems that may be encountered, such as an unwanted pregnancy in youth, how to face menopause, among other issues. We can conclude that it is very important that there is a midwife consultation to cover sexuality from infancy to old age of women through all cycles and of course continue with studies about sexuality.

24

Authors: Fernández Arias, I

Suicide is a complex problem of great magnitude, as a result of the interaction of different factors. Currently, an increase in their numbers has been observed in two population groups: adolescents and the elderly. Suicidal behavior affects three levels: emotional, behavioral and cognitive, in which common characteristics appear: ambivalence, impulsiveness and stiffness. The most important risk factor is suicide attempt, since it is the most predictive. The preventive interventions used must be multisectoral and comprehensive, targeting different populations: universal, selective and indicated strategy. The psychological autopsy analyzes suicide and with the data obtained we can design and implement prevention strategies. The most relevant intervention is the clinical interview, it consists of a dialectical process, the therapeutic alliance is promoted and results in the achievement of consensual objectives. Other interventions that can be used are psychotherapeutic therapies. The mourners form a significant group, we must use preventive strategies to avoid chronicity, the pathologization of mourning and the decrease in the use of psychotropic drugs. The nurse acquires a valuable role, coordinates with other professionals and ensures that the patient receives multidisciplinary and comprehensive care as possible.

25

Authors: Marco Ramo, E

The mourning of relatives and close friends who have lost a member to suicide is different from mourning for another cause. The great emotional impact, the stigma, the feelings of shame and guilt, the misunderstanding of the event and the ruminative thoughts focused on seeking an explanation mean that the evolution of grief does not follow the phases of normal grief. The suicide loss of a loved one has consequences for the rest of the family, physical and psychological, it increases the risk of suicide of another member. It affects intra- and extra-family relationships and academic and work performance. The evolution of the duel will depend on each individual case, but there are factors such as the relationship with the deceased, the farewell messages, the method used or the possibility of receiving support, which will influence the process. After receiving such traumatic news, at first, family members seek support in their closest circle, but this support becomes insufficient and they need the attention of mental health professionals. Therefore, it is essential that professionals are trained in this area and know the particularities of a duel due to suicide compared to a normal duel.

40

Authors: Álvarez García, A

Background Suicide is one of the most tragic events facing this Society. The constant increase in the number of cases, as well as the fact that it affects younger and younger people, makes it necessary to implement measures for its prevention. Due to its easy application, its accessibility and its good cost-benefit ratio, physical exercise, through its multiple physical and psychological effects, can be one of the most useful ways to chieve this porpouse. Methodology A single researcher has carried out a bibliographic review between April and June 2023 in the main databases: PUBMED, MEDLINE, LILACS, IBECS, ENFISPO, COCHRANE and CUIDEN, using the different keywords combined through the different boolean operators,115 articles, published in English or Spanish, in the last 5 years, had been identified. Results Seven articles have been selected for analysis. All of them, studied the effect of physical exercise on suicidal behavior in adolescents. The difference between sexes and the most appropriate type, intensity, volume or frequency of physical exercise have also been analyzed. Conclusion Physical exercise, in all its variants, prevents suicidal behavior in adolescents and improves their mental health. This relationship is clearer in the case of boys than in the case of girls, for whom more studies would be needed. The methodological irregularity of the studies prevents establishing a more useful form of exercise but collective exercises are recommended.

21

Authors: Gómez Brusi, C

Patients who undergo surgical interventions present a degree of anxiety in the preoperative period, generally in adult patients. When patients enter surgery they are in an exorbitant emotional state so the body prepares itself to face the situation. Nursing in the field of surgical anesthesiology is of vital importance, since the surgery block is a multidisciplinary team whose objectives are common, which is to safeguard the health of the patient. This team is made up of the nursing staff, auxiliary nursing care technicians, orderlies, clerks, and cleaners. However, what concerns this question is the importance of the professional. This professional is not only involved in the technical knowledge of the profession, such as the preparation of the operating room, intervention of the operation or helping the surgeon, but is also concerned with the emotional well-being of the patient. In fact, the nursing professional is in charge of minimizing the anxiety and stress of the patient in the preoperative and postoperative periods. In short, nursing plays an important role in the work of anxiety prevention in surgical patients, directing their care and activities to improve their quality of hospital stay. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this bibliographic review study is to examine the literature on nursing professional interventions for the management of anxiety in surgical patients who are anesthetized, management of techniques and detection and immediate action. METHODOLOGY: To carry out this bibliographic review, a search was carried out in different databases Pumbed, Scielo, SciencieDirect, Google Scholar. RESULTS: there was a search of 200 articles of which 102 were discarded by title, date and year, 50 of mere interest were observed and 21 were selected of which the rest were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: this review shows the importance of the nursing staff in surgical anesthesiology for the reduction of anxiety in the pre-surgical patient.

24

Authors: Matas Caballero, S., Martín Martín-Peralta, G., Azahares Moiset, E

Pediatric airway management can be challenging for the anesthesiologist as the airway in this population group differs slightly from that of the adult in both anatomy and physiology. The work is a narrative literature review that aims to delve into the most recent literature, mostly articles since 2018, to get an updated bibliography on pediatric airway management and endotracheal intubation, as well as all the peculiarities of this technique in that population group. Currently, the anesthesiologist has several devices for airway management, each of them with a series of characteristics that will make them useful for different situations. Among these devices are nasopharyngeal cannulae and oropharyngeal cannulae such as the Guedel, both of which are useful for preventing airway obstruction and aspirating secretions. For airway management in situations of shorter duration, laryngeal masks can be chosen because they are less aggressive and have a lower risk of complications for the child. Currently, different types are available on the market, useful for the different situations and characteristics of the childs airway. While, for the management of the airway in a more definitive, safe way or for a long period of time, the technique of choice is endotracheal intubation, which consists of the introduction of a tube, generally made of hard plastic, through the trachea. Prior to endotracheal intubation, a correct anesthetic induction must be carried out, selecting both the ideal drugs for the patients age and procedure and the necessary doses. Anesthetic induction is carried out with hypnotics such as propofol, etomidate, ketamine and midazolam; muscle relaxants such as rocuronium and succinylcholine; and analgesics such as fentanyl.

5

Authors: Sánchez Rodriguez, N

- Introduction: Gender violence is the most extreme expression of inequality between men and women. This problem affects multiple spheres of women and their maintenance over time is conditioned by the "Cycle of Violence". - Objective: To know the existing methods for addressing gender violence from the PA consultation. - Methodology: A bibliographic review has been carried out with the keywords in the databases of Pubmed, Lilacs, Dialnet and the Cochrane Library. Likewise, information has been obtained from official websites (government). - Results: To be able to detect gender violence from the care consultation the nurse must take into account the main difficulties that arise in the consultation, as well as the most effective tools for detection. Also, the nurse will be obliged to know how to act in front of this violence taking into account the process in which women find themselves.

21

Authors: Giménez Tornero, M

Introduction: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It consists of an abnormal growth of cells that can affect nearby tissues and malignant them. The symptoms that appear in affected patients are: orange peel, asymmetry of the breasts, discharge in the nipple, retraction of the nipple, lump in the breast or lump in the armpit, among others. To diagnose it, it is necessary to perform tests such as a mammogram, ultrasound or PAAF in some cases. The pharmacological treatment that exists today is chemotherapy or radiotherapy depending on the stage and expansion of the tumor. In addition, there is also surgical treatment for the removal of the tumor or breast. Objective: Determine which intervention is most effective for the total elimination of breast cancer. Method: We carry out a bibliographic search of scientific documents found in databases such as Pubmed, Cochrane, Dialnet and Google Scholar published in English and Spanish in 2020-2021, which meet the objectives and inclusion and exclusion criteria raised. Results: Chemotherapy is a very important factor during the treatment of the tumor, it will generate side effects that will be associated with physical activity, producing an increase in quality of life in these patients. In addition, there is a surgical treatment that consists of performing mastectomy or traditional surgery. And, we will also see the importance of the role of nursing throughout the disease. Conclusions: Chemotherapy helps with tumor reduction, along with radiotherapy, but this entails the presence of side effects, such as vomiting, fatigue, hair loss, insomnia or lymphedema among others. Physical activity is a good factor for improving side effects. In turn, there is controversy about what treatment would be indicated for the end of the disease. We will also emphasize the figure of the nurse during this process.

25

Authors: Martínez Gutiérrez, R

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer in men in the United States and in the European Union. Low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) represents a consolidated treatment option in the management of low risk and intermediate risk localized PCa. However, due to the higher sensitivity to fraction dose of PCa cells, High-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) has emerged as a treatment option owing to its highly conformal dose distribution within the prostate and an abrupt dose fall-off outside, saving organs at risk. To realize the potential acute and chronic side effects as well as their impact on health-related quality of life (QoL), are considered important endpoints in the choice of a treatment modality. Despite this, the use of prospective validated questionnaires that assess long-term toxicity of LDR-BT and HDR-BT are rarely used. QoL results are scarce in literature. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence of LDR-BT and HDR-BT in the treatment of localized PCa as well as its potential acute and chronic toxicities and QoL impact.