International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research

1042 - 1057

Authors: Murat Seyfi, Deniz Güven

In the elections held on the dates November 1st, 2015 and June 7th, 2015 a very big electoral realignment was observed in record time. During this short interval of five months, the society was faced with intense political propaganda and social problems. In this study, a research was conducted for determining how much influence political propaganda and social events in association with political propaganda have on vote transition between parties. Within the scope of the study; Collected data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential methods. In addition, as a result of dunn tests made with Friedman chi-square and Post hoc comparisons, the correlation between the questions regarding transition from one party to another was examined and very obvious agglomerations were detected in some realignments.

1070 - 1082

Authors: Fatma Yaşar Ekici

The aim of this study is to compare preservice preschool teachers’ attitudes towards family involvement with other preservice teachers’ atttitudes toward family involvement. The study was conducted in the “İlişkisel Tarama” model. The population of the study consists of undergraduate students that are studying in education faculties of universities in İstanbul. The sample of the study consists of 302 undergraduate students that are studying in preschool teaching, guidance and counseling and english teaching departments of İstanbul Sabahattin Zaim University in 2014-2015 spring period. The sample was selected by random sampling method. The tool that are used for data collection were “Personal Information Form” that are developed by the researcher and “Scale of Attitude Toward Family Involvement” that are developed by Yavuz Güler. In the analysis of the data, SPSS 20 package program was applied. At the end of the research, it is found that preservice preschool teachers’ and preservice guidence teachers’ attitudes toward family involvement are more positive than preservice english teachers’ attitudes toward family involvement. Preservice preschool teachers’ attitudes supporting collaboration are more positive than preservice english teachers’ attitudes supporting collaboration. Preservice guidance teachers’ attitudes supporting collaboration are more positive than preservice english teachers’ attitudes supporting collaboration. Preservice english teachers’ attitudes preventing collaboration are more positive than preservice preschool teachers’ attitudes preventing collaboration.

1091 - 1113

Authors: Mehmet Bilgin

This study examines the life and work values that students in counseling and guidance programs are intended to learn. Participants involved 195 undergraduate students and 112 counselors that comprised a total of 307. This research used Super's Work Values Inventory-Revised and Rokeach’s list of values. The results found the students maintained that the most important work values were lifestyle, achievement, and independence, also they believed the most important intrinsic values were inner-harmony, self-respect, and family security, and instrumental values of honesty, independence, and responsibility. The counselors stated that the most important work values were lifestyle, achievement, and creativity, at the same time the most important intrinsic values were inner harmony, self-respect, and family security, and instrumental values of honesty, independence, and responsibility.

1122 - 1130

Authors: Güçlü Özen, Şerife Vatansever

Anxiety defined as subjective tension which occurs with physiological stimulation as a result of threat perception. People who exposed to high altitude show physical symptoms (short of breath, heart-throb, exhaustion, nuisance, anxiety, insomnia) triggered by oxygen shortage. Except from psychological symptoms high altitudealso affects motor skills, mental competence, mood state, including anxiety, negatively. Anxiety is needed and important for climbers in terms of not reacting to the sudden changes and warning for a pause to worry about falling from mountain. For this reason it is important to find out the changing anxiety level during climbing. In this study, experimental model was used. 3 different questionnaires applied before climbing (t1), during climbing (t2) and after climbing (t3). The research group was the population. Research group consisted of 60 people who had 1-3 years climbing experience and had 21,35±1,58 avarage of age. Data were collected with State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, developed by Spielberg and et al (1970) and adapted by Öner and Le Compte (1995). The results of the study indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the base measurements of control group and experimental group. There was no statistically significant difference between timewise change measurements of constant and state anxiety scores. There was no statistically significant difference between timewise change measurements of trait anxiety scores of experimental group. On the other hand there was statistically significant difference between timewise change measurements of state anxiety scores and this difference was between the first and the second measurements.

1136 - 1147

Authors: Hakan Arslan

This study aims to draw attention to the problems of seasonal (migrant) agricultural workers and to create awareness on this issue by examining field researches in Turkey on seasonal labor. Seasonal (migrant) agricultural workers are defined as; labor groups who move from one region (the places where they live and work) to another agricultural region mostly with their families during the peak seasons of agricultural works, in accordance with the agricultural product range and labor demand. As well as there has been a rapid increase in the number of seasonal agricultural workers especially since 1950’s, their numbers have reached millions in 1980-90 and this group has become a must in agricultural production in different regions of Turkey. This situation prevented seasonal agricultural worker to be a marginal form of labor. The field researches on seasonal agricultural workers show that these groups are mainly from the Southeast of Turkey and especially the forced migration process in 1990 induce this fact. One of the basic concepts of this study is poverty. Most of the people living in rural areas are landless or small peasant. Therefore, they feel poverty deeply. Also, this group gradually has been becoming poorer during the process of economic and social change. 75% of the poor in the world live in rural areas. “Seasonal worker” is perhaps one of the most serious view of the poverty in rural areas. The lack of legal regulations for seasonal agricultural workers increases the problems of this group. Therefore, all kinds of efforts to develop a common mind related to the solution of seasonal work issue should be considered as a meaningful step.

1161 - 1170

Authors: Bilal Çankır

Self-efficacy concept was first introduced by Bandura (Bandura, 1977). Self- efficacy faith is defined (Bandura 1982, 1992, 1993, Zimmerman 2000, Lorig, Chastain, Ung, Shoor and Holman 1989, Schwarzer, Bassler, Kwiatek ve Schroder 1997, Hackett and Betz (1981); as a person "The belief that they have the skills and abilities needed to do the job". The resistance to change is fed from six main sources (Oreg, 2003): (a) checks on loss aversion, (b) cognitive rigidity (stiff attitude), (c) psychological resistance loss, (d) changes in the process are needed intolerance, (e) do not prefer low levels of innovation and incentives and (f) a reluctance to leave old habits. Arikan (2002), as noted in the concept of entrepreneurship "Entreprendre" is derived the word from French and in Turkish its mean is ‘take over’. The aim of the study is two hundred university students to determine the relationship between the attitudes of self- efficacy and to change this perception by measuring the perception of entrepreneurship. The following be used in the study. For entrepreneurship nine questions prepared by Canbaz, Çankır and Çevik (2013), for self-efficacy ten questions prepared by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1995) and made their adaptation by Yeşilay, Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1996), and for self-efficacy and resistance to change six-item scale by Oreg (2003).

1188 - 1199

Authors: Sevim Güllü, Meltem Koçak

The purpose of this study is to measure professional volleyball players' levels of organizational commitment to their clubs. The research was conducted in the survey model. The study group was composed of 100 athletes who are playing in League 1 and League 2. The participants were asked about their demographics and applied with the 18-question organizational commitment scale (Güllü, 2014). The scale comprises of three subdimensions: affective, normative and continuance commitment. Percentage, frequency, and crosstab methods were used to find about the distribution of participant demographics. To test whether subdimensions of the scale exhibits a normal distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed, and it was understood as a result that not all subdimensions of the Organizational Commitment Scale exhibited normal distribution (p<0.05). Accordingly, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test were applied for two-variable data at the significance level of α = 0.05 and multi-variable data respectively. Post-Hoc tests were utilized for finding the difference between the groups. According to the results obtained by the examination of the findings, no significant difference was found between organizational commitment levels of the athletes playing at a club by their genders, income, ages and marital statuses while a statistically significant difference was found between participants' organizational commitment levels and their educational levels (p<0.05) and the participants who graduated from a university had higher scores than the participants who graduated from a high school in the continuance commitment subdimension of the organizational commitment scale. In the literature of organizational commitment, the most desired type of commitment is affective commitment which is followed by normative commitment. According to the results of this study, the professional volleyball players had not been able to develop either emotional or normative commitment to their clubs. Continuance commitment, on the other hand, is defined as the awareness of the cost of leaving the organization in the literature, and it is in a negative relationship with the intention of quitting the job. It is therefore concluded how professional volleyball players who graduated from a university felt higher levels of commitment than those who graduated from a high school is about the level of awareness acquired with education.

1207 - 1216

Authors: Hatice Gözde Ertürk Kara, Fatmagül Gürgen

The aim of this research was to determine the behavioral problems of preschoolers according to some variables regarding teachers and children. Variables regarding children were age, gender, order of birth, mother and father education level. Variables regarding teachers were experience, social skills course attendance and avoiding problem behaviors course attendance. The research was in scanning model. Sample of the research consisted of 445 preschoolers whose age difference between 48-72 months of age in Kayseri. The data was collected by the kindergarten teachers using “Scanning Scale of the Behavioral Problems in Preschool Education” for each child. Results of the research showed that 60-72 months of age children’s behavior problems regarding being ready to cry and being anxious were higher than 48-60 months of age children. Boys’ aggressive, careless and hyperacidity behaviors were hıgher than girls’. Children’s order of birth, mother education level and father education level didn’t make any significant difference between children’s problem behavior scores. Children whose teachers had attended social skills course before had lower behavior problems regarding being anxious and ready to cry. Children whose teachers had attended avoiding problem behaviors course before had lower scores at all subtests of scanning scale. Last, teachers’ experience didn’t make any significant difference between children’s problem behaviors scores.

1226 - 1235

Authors: Funda Ölmez

Professional identity constitutes a central concept for the teaching profession. Due to their enormous impact on the learners as well as on the whole process of learning and teaching, professional identities of teachers are worth being researched especially in the field of foreign language education where teachers’ identities are also influenced by the linguistic and cultural aspects of a foreign language. Departing from the constituents of teachers’ professional identity, this study aimed to investigate the professional identities of Turkish EFL instructors. The study was conducted at a major state university in Turkey in the fall term of 2015-2016 academic year. Data were collected from a total of 32 Turkish EFL instructors (28 female; 4 male). A questionnaire developed by the researcher based on the theoretical framework and expert opinion was administered to the instructors. The gathered data were subjected to statistical analyses. The results revealed that the participant instructors have highly developed professional identities. Among the dimensions of professional identity, pedagogical expertise was reported to be the most developed, followed by didactic expertise, subject matter expertise and continuation of professional development respectively. The study found no significant difference between the levels of development of professional identities based on the instructors’ undergraduate area of study, latest graduation degree and teaching experience. As the present study showed that the instructors have well-developed professional identities by means of self-report data, further studies may investigate to what extent these perceptions reflect their actual professional identities and the way these identities affect the teaching practices.

1248 - 1255

Authors: Perihan Artut, Ayten Pınar Bal

It aims to investigate primary school teachers' views related to realistic mathematics teaching practices in this research. This is a qualitative study. The research was conducted with eight primary school teachers. The teachers were first given theoretical information about realistic mathematics education. Then, they worked in pairs on context problems. Before the practice session, the teachers' perspectives about realistic mathematics education were taken through pre-interview forms, then after the practice session, post-interview forms were used to get the teachers' point of views. Their pre and post perspectives were compared in order to observe the changes in their point of views. The data were analysed through descriptive analysis. The results showed that primary school teachers had limited knowledge about realistic mathematics education before the practice session. After the practice session, they expressed their positive ideas about realistic mathematics teaching. They also added that they can use this method in their classes while teaching mathematics.

1275 - 1289

Authors: Birgül Çiçek, Sibel Erkal

In recent years, along with the remarkable developments in the tertiary sector in the world, there have been changes in the perception of occupational health and safety, and the tertiary sector has also entered into the study field of occupational health and safety. Health services, which are included in the tertiary sector, are the services that have different departments and are carried out by various occupations. Works done by the housekeeping personnel, who are among the workers of health services, involve risks and dangers, thus, the personnel have the risk of having occupational accidents. Therefore, for the purpose of analyzing the occupational accidents experienced by housekeeping personnel in hospitals according to some demographical characteristics, this study was prepared in descriptive type by benefiting from the data of 41 personnel, who had occupational accidents, among 400 housekeeping personnel who agreed to participate in the study and work in 14 hospitals, the inpatient bed availability of which is over 50, affiliated to universities and the Ministry of Health in Ankara city center, except for the hospitals specialized in certain fields, military hospitals and private hospitals within the borders of Ankara province. In the study, males, the ones in the age group of 35 and below, primary school graduates, the ones having the lower level of education and married people precede among the housekeeping personnel who had occupational accidents. Among the personnel, the ones exposed to ‘sharp object injuries’ and having occupational accidents while ‘collecting waste’ take place on the top. Furthermore, the relationship between the type of the occupational accident the personnel had, the work they were doing when they had an accident, their opinions on the cause of the accident and opinions regarding the hospital administration’s status of care on “implementations regarding occupational health and safety”, and the gender, age and educational level of the personnel was found to be statistically insignificant (p>0,05).

1297 - 1309

Authors: Birsen Şahin Kütük

The political and economic events of the period between 1960 and 1980 military coup affected to the people's everyday life. The Democratic Party was closed after the 1960 coup and Justice Party formed the coalition with the Republican People's Party as a result of the first election after military coup. This coalition can be considered that public opinion on impact political life of 1960’s. During this period, especially the re-normalization effort of daily life is very important. This can be considered as an indication of the public's thoughts. In the following period, On 12 March 1971, government was forced to resign after the commanders of the armed forces delivered an ultimatum to the President. Overall, industrialization, internal and external migration, the student movement, political and economic changes, and The Peach Operation of Cyprus are subjects of the 1960-1980's period. In this period, at first, the people's daily life, sports and entertainment culture has changed in connection with growth of squatters. In addition, alternative lifestyles shaped against the traditional-modern lifestyles dilemmas. In this study, were examined people daily life, leisure activities, sports, and entertainment under the economic and political conditions of this period.

1320 - 1328

Authors: Emrah Serdar, Bilge Donuk, Recep Cengiz

The aim of this study is to analyze mindfulness and entrepreneurial orientation of university students. The sample of the study involves 534 people in total, 364 of them are males and 170 are females, who studied in Bartın University, School of Physical Education and Sports in 2015-2016 academic year. "Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale”, which has been developed by Brown and Ryan (2003) and adopted into Turkish by Özyeşil et al. (2011) and "Entrepreneurship Scale for University Students" developed by Yılmaz and Sümbül (2009) have been used in the study. Shapiro Wilks normality test has been applied as to whether or not the data demonstrated normal distribution and accordingly as the data was in compliance with the non-parametric test conditions, Mann-Whitney U and Kruskall Wallis tests have been applied. No significant difference has been found between the mindfulness and entrepreneurship orientations of the students according to their genders. However, mindfulness and entrepreneurship scores of female students are higher than those of male students. No significant difference has been found between the mindfulness and entrepreneurship orientations of the students according to their age range. According to the department variable, there is a significant difference between the mindfulness and entrepreneurship orientation of the students who study in the recreation department and other departments (p<0.05). As a result, we can conclude that mindfulness and entrepreneurship level of the female students are higher than those of male students and that age factor is not influential on mindfulness and entrepreneurship orientation, that mindfulness and entrepreneurship orientation of the students of recreation department are higher than those who study in other departments.

1341 - 1351

Authors: İpek Som, Azmi Türkan, Sertel Altun

This study aims to determine the changes in achievement, attitudes and opinions of prospective teachers, created by an Introduction to Educational Sciences Course using UbD (Understanding by Design). The research has a pretest-posttest semi-experimental design with experimental and control groups. The study group consists of a total of 66 prospective teachers attending first class at Faculty of Education. Participants were given the course achievement test developed by researchers and the Attitude Scale for the Course on Introduction to Education Sciences developed by Önen and Koçak (2011) and SPSS 21.0 was used in order to analyze the data. In the collection of qualitative data, the student reflection papers were used and content analysis was performed in order to analyze the data. The findings indicated that in the subscales of Sympathy for the Course and Importance, prospective teachers’ attitudes significantly differ in favor of experimental group. In addition, the experimental group’s attitude scores in the subscale of the Antipathy has significantly decreased. However, a statistically significant difference between experimental and control groups was not found in terms of the analysis of course academic achievement tests. Prospective teachers’ opinions revealed that Introduction to Educational Sciences Course using UbD activates the positive affective features of students and increase active participation in the course.

1362 - 1372

Authors: Mustafa Bayter

Today, the pace of rapid change people slid into intensive contact with each other, has the effect of facilitating learning new things. adapt to new technologies, services and scarce resources, knowledge creation at the global level, libraries are also forced to be open to change in a flexible manner. Organizational behavior, introducing the rules and principles of relationships, ourselves, helps us to understand the people and groups we work with. Organizational behavior, is aimed at people working within the organization. The goal is to understand human behavior in organizations and employees to make it more effective and successful. Globalization, technological advances and new regulations in the rapidly changing world order together and bring radical changes are also on the agenda. These changes are necessary to make the re-formatting of the information centers. information centers of the reorganization takes place in both internal and external structure. Nowadays the biggest transformation of the state conception or not the economy, in particular, expressed experiencing the passing of the information society from capitalist society of industrial society and the transformation of the trend towards continuous learning by connecting one way to reason, knowledge is to be the principal economy and so to turn into industrial organizations based on knowledge of the organization. It is advocated that have the qualifications. In this context, "Change and Development of Organizational Behavior Information Centers" In our study, organizational behavior, organizational culture, organizational behavior and information centers, organizational behavior of the information centers, information centers are discussed under development and change the title of organizational behavior.

695 - 702

Authors: Mustafa Cihan Camcı

In this paper, I will point to the temporality of the everydayness in Zbigniew Rybcynski’s Tango in comparison to Heideggerian notion of temporality and handiness. Firstly, I will discuss the Heideggerian subjectivity as agency and show that subjectivity for the philosophy of life is in a temporal mood of intentionality, Sichbewegen as Heidegger says. I will point to the temporal functionality of objects as tools through which their extentional existence is negated and respond to our goal directedness as handy equipment. The availability of the handy tools is nothing but a temporal span in which objects are no longer meaningful for us as isolated extant beings but parts of an undifferentiated functional totality. The handy tools are available for us as parts of handiness in this temporal functionality. Heidegger sees this functionality as a possibility of proximity with the original temporality as a special coming to presence in repetition and says that, in repetition the meaning of life as a whole calls for our awareness. Subsequently, I will discuss the Tango characters in relation to the Heideggerian understanding of everydayness and repetition. I will state that in Tango, the inhabitants of the room are absolutely disentangled and ignorant of one other despite their apparent closeness. Even though they spatially share the small room, all the characters act as if the others do not exist. Tango characters are stuck in the repetition of the same moment and cannot let the temporalization of life flow in its spontaneity. I will refer to the Heideggerian understanding of the moment of vision in repetition out of which the meaning of life as a whole outstands and conclude that, unlike the Heideggerian interpretation of repetition, Tango characters remain in a Sisyphosian vein.

708 - 721

Authors: Hicham Achelhi, Patrick Truchot

Facing environmental changing and those of competition dynamic, new types of organizations have been advanced as a response to new challenges. These types of organization based on cooperations between enterprises have been lately developed. The aim of this article is to understand cooperations in order to reduce the risks of their fail. Thus, understanding the governance of alliances can provide critical insights into how such ties can be better managed: we focus on the coordination-cooperation relationship. The first part of this article, we will give a theoretical back ground about cooperation and coordination. A conceptual framework of the coordination/cooperation process is developed. In the second part, we develop our vision high lightens the existence of a process coordination-cooperation which is sequenced and cycled. That allows achieving objectives of strategic alliance and also partners’ objectives. For improving the performance and the success of the alliance project, it is necessary that the coordination-cooperation process go through different strategic level of different partners engaged in the alliance project.

732 - 747

Authors: Murad Karaduman, Betül Akbulutgiller

Rapid development of new communication technologies has initiated a new process which can be called as “metamorphosis” in journalism as well as in almost all areas. As the definition of journalism changes in the age of internet where borders of communication disappear, journalists who see internet as an emergent news medium as well as a news source has adopted to this transformation. On the one hand, social Networks enable citizens to “make news”, on the other hand, these networks also enable journalists to publish their own news, photos and views through their own accounts on the outside of organizations they work. In this context, social networks have grew into platforms which journalists often use for both professional news production and personal sharings. As a result, several media organizations introduced some rules and principles regarding their own employees’ use of social media. As such, a versatile news media, where ethical principles have become more important than ever, have come into existence. These developments show that social media have become a news environment more swift and dynamic than the traditional media; however, they also entail the need for interrogation of ethical principles in this dynamism. In this study, we deal with how journalists regardsocial media as a news source and their approach to news on the social media. In this study which implements the method of survey, social media use habits of journalists in Antalya will be examined and approaches of journalists to subjects such as internet-social media, news and ethics will be analysed.

763 - 773

Authors: Esra Fıratlı

Concepts of communication are based on the presence of people communicating for different purposes. An individual, a group or a target audience are involved in the communication process who try to make sense of messages sent. In almost all areas, it is observed that information flow is significantly increasing with the impact of technological developments. Therefore, for education, especially in the field of distance education, it is essential to communicate with learners who constitute the target audience. In this study, the concepts of communication and education are considered as ongoing processes. Healthy and continuous development of the communicational and educational processes depends on successful management of them. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to analyze the management of use of e-portfolio process utilized for distance education teacher candidates. "Community Service" and "School Experience" are practical courses available in fall semester of the junior and senior year of the IOLP (English Language Teaching Degree Program) which is a four-year teacher training program of Anadolu University Open Education Faculty. Through the data obtained with this study, by comparing the communication process management to the e-portfolio process management, evaluation of guidance is aimed. As a consequence, it has been observed that benefiting the similarities of the e-portfolio management process with communication process management increases the speed and quality of communication as well as it has a positive influence on the decision-making process. While analysing how the system works and is managed, suggestions can be developed to complete the deficiencies determined of the application.

785 - 800

Authors: Özlem Kükrer Aydın

Consumption-based human activities and industrialization cause many environmental problems such as the extinction of animal species and forest areas, high level of global warming and depletion of natural resources. Increasing the environmental sensivity in the 1960s and emerging the environmental activities in 1968 protest movements conduced to environmental consciousness. In 1970s, the importance of communication started to discuss within the scope of the environmental problems and solutions of them. In this context, the concept of environmental communication were revealed for the purpose of raising the awareness of environmental issues and inform the individuals about what should they do on environmental issues. The public service announcement is short films that is prepared to raise awareness of public and lead them about the environmental issues. In this study, the content of the public service announcement on environment which broadcasted between 2012 and 2015 on TRT 1 were analyzed. In the next step of the research, 15 in-depth interview with semi-structured questions were made to determine the environmental awareness and attitudes of the attendants. In conclusion, the findings were interpreted and provided proposals for the public service announcement on environment.

815 - 824

Authors: Muhammer İlkuçar, Ahmet Çifci

Electrical energy is essential to the economic and social development and will improve the quality of life in any nation. Recently, a great deal of attention has been received and a fairly large body of literature has been focused on the TOPSIS method. In this study, the financial performance of 6 electricity generation companies whose shares are traded in the BIST are evaluated with multi decision making analysis by using financial ratios. The study conducted .NET framework coded in C# programming language.

836 - 842

Authors: Kutay Uzun

Research can be defined as a systematic inquiry or investigation, through the process of which data is collected, analyzed and interpreted with the aim of understanding, describing, predicting or controlling a phenomenon. The definition by itself has a complex ontological and epistemological background, whose interpretation lead to different research paradigms such as positivism, post-positivism, interpretivism/constructivism and the critical theory. In that respect, the aim of the present study is to critically analyze a qualitative research article on teacher education and curriculum with respect to the paradigm it adopts. For the analysis of the article, the description of the critical research paradigm by Allison and Pomeroy (2000) adapted from Guba & Lincoln (1994) is used as criteria. The findings indicate that the selected article adheres to the analysis criteria. The findings are discussed in the conclusion section.

855 - 869

Authors: Emine Dursun Karakaya, Olcay Salici

The aim of this study is to determine metaphorical sense about popular sports of students on the age group of 11-13 who studying in Isparta. 250 students have participated to the research who age average of 11,5±1.29 studying at 3 different schools in 5th and 6th classes. The data of the study collected by data tool which was prepared by the researcher as semi-structured documents identifying branches about Football, Basketball, Volleyball, Swimming, Table tennis, Taekwondo sports. Research was carried out from the same group of participants gathered twice data. First practice the collected data were analyzed by content analysis of second application depending on the improved happiness, foul, referee, lane, fight, chicanery, curse, life line, kick metaphorical groups presented to students choice. Microsoft Office Excel, SPSS 16, Minitab 16, one-way chi square, chi square homogeneity and content analysis tests used to analyze for collected data. Findings represented by using percentage, frequency and chi square graphics. Metaphor chicane has used by students in Football as expected but never used in table tennis and taekwondo. Although metaphor happiness has used in football as over the expected never used in taekwondo. As a result, significant difference found out among sports branches according to metaphors. Although metaphor chicane the most used in football, the metaphor happiness also most used in this branch. It is observed that metaphor chicane has used in volleyball more than basketball. Metaphorical sense of students reviewed by depending on their perceptions of sport.

884 - 895

Authors: Nurcan Barman

According to Rome city founding legend, this city is founded by Romus and Romulus brothers in Palatio Hill in753 BC. Rome city come into being a Kingdom by developing and growing. Rome Kingdom transformed into Rome Republic in 510 BC. Rome Republic transformed into emperorship in 27 AD. Caesar attempted to control his government due to crises and civil war in recent years of Republic. But oligarchic conservative structure protested against dictatorship and stop Caesar from handling government by himself. Octavianus (Augustus) abolished Republican regime and provided to shifting to Emperorship in the crisis atmosphere after Caesar’s death. He obtained government and authorization by saying that he only aimed to protect Republic (B.C.27-A.D.14). Rome experienced some political, societal, economic, religion, legal and social domains in the transition period from republic to emperorship. Rome’s political structure started to come under the domination of a single one compared to the past. Long standing wars and civil wars caused societal crises. Rome’s governing structure started to dissolve and republic regime remained incapable for solving problems of society in the current crisis environment. Alteration and transformations came into being in the political and administrative structure of Rome in this period. Administrative and political alterations in Rome in the transition period from republic to emperorship will be analyzed by taking into consideration these administrative alterations and transformations. Additionally, some sort of alterations and transformations came into being in Rome’s societal structure in this transition period. Additionally political and cultural variations in Augustus period affected Rome’s societal structure significantly. From these reasons especially Augustus periods variations and transformations are tried to be investigated.

905 - 914

Authors: Melahat Demirbilek

Social work evaluates an individual within her/his environment. As the individual is affected by the social environment she/he is also affected by the physical environment. Thus, social work also deals with physical problems caused by the physical environment of an individual. Climate and ecological factors are important determinants on human behavior and adaptation, for human and climate affect each other. In order to express the social work that treats the effects of the various environmental factors on human behavior with a holistic approach, the term “environmentalist/green social work” is used. Among these environmental factors; climate change due to global warming, increasing sea levels, floods, drought, desertification and deforestation can be seen. People are deprived from viable secure environment due to environmental degradation and climate change, and as a consequence are forced to displace towards viable countries. Those who migrate by necessary towards other countries are named as environmental refugees or climate refugees. According to the 1951 Geneva Convention, where those people who are outside their home-state due to race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership of a particular social group are named as refugee; environmental refugees are outside the scope of this definition. The social work with a preventative and holistic approach to the environment and environmental refugee problem, has to act in local, national and international levels to decrease the negative effects of environmental factors on people, consciousness-raising, mobilizing people and advocating at macro level towards protecting the rights of environmental refugees. Meantime it has to conduct psycho-social support services at micro-mezzo scale to those people who are affected by environmental factors and to environmental refugees.

930 - 937

Authors: Serkan Otacıoğlu

This research professionals in various conservatories in Turkey in the field of music education students, with musical perception levels and some variables were studied to reveal the differences that occur in this dimension. 50 students from Mimar Sinan University State Conservatory, 39 students from İstanbul University State Conservatory and 38 students from Karadeniz Technique University State Conservatory so totally 127 Conservatory students, who are the students of the 2nd, 3 rd and 4th class in 2014-2015 academic year, have been participated in this survey which is a field research done by survey method. In this survey, two basic data collection tools were used. First data collection tool is “Student Information Form” which is aimed to obtain individual knowledge, second data collection tool is “Musical Perception Inventory” developed by G.Otacıoğlu and Aslan in 2007 to measure musical perception skills of students. Statistical analysis techniques were used to demonstrate the differences between the variables in the study. As a result of the study, there were statistically significant differences between demographic variables and the scores of musical perception

949 - 959

Authors: Ömer Gökhan Ulum

While there are just a limited number of situation analysis studies, there is almost no situation analysis study referring to the physical conditions of an ELT Department. With this in mind, in this paper, the physical state of an ELT department in one of the oldest and rooted universities of Turkey was tried to be analyzed. The picture drawn by an interview with 15 faculty members including professors, associate professors, assistant professors, lecturers and research assistants has illustrated that if basic physical needs in education are not met; language learning quality decreases as a result. The state, institutional administrations and policy makers should firstly supply the education field with the most required physical settings in order for an effective education atmosphere. The results obtained from this descriptive study may prove to be of some help for educational institutions, administrators and policy makers as well as the researchers studying in the related field.

980 - 990

Authors: Emre Belli, Nurcan Demirel

The aim of the present study is to determine the mobbing levels of personnel working at Provincial Directorate of Youth Welfare and Sports and to investigate the relationship between mobbing and the organizational commitment. The sample of the study included 235 personnel working at Provincial Directorates of Youth Welfare and Sports in cities in Eastern Anatolia region including Elazığ, Erzurum, Erzincan, Muş, Kars, Bingöl, Malatya and Ağrı. In terms of data collection, ‘The Mobbing Scale’ developed by Öztürk et al. which consists of 68 items was used in order to determine the mobbing levels of the participants. Additionally, in order to measure the organizational commitment of personnel, ‘the Organizational Commitment’ scale developed by Meyer and Allen which consists of 18 items was used in the study. It was based on (p<0,05) significant level. Data analysis included frequency analysis to examine the demographic information of participants, independent samples t-test to determine the mobbing level in terms of gender, marital status, status and position and one-way ANOVA to compare the mobbing levels in terms of income, age, seniority, education, jobs in institutions and city. Moreover, correlation analysis was conducted in order to measure the relationship between organizational commitment and mobbing. The results of the study indicated that there was a statistically significant negative correlation between organizational commitment and mobbing levels (r=-.716, p<0.05).

1000 - 1011

Authors: Recep Cengiz, Emrah Serdar, Bilge Donuk

The aim of this study is to compare the ways of coping with stress of university students living and not living with their family. The study sample is composed of a total of 310 people including 194 males and 116 females from Bartın University in 2015-2016 academic year. In the research, Scale of the Ways of Coping with Stress adapted to Turkish by Şahin & Durak (1995) was used. To understand whether the data show normal distribution or not Shapiro-Wilks normality test was applied and as a result of this, after the data were understood to have been suitable to non-parametric test conditions, Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis were applied to determine the significant differences. It is seen that, in the sub-dimension of “self-confident” according to the sex of the students living and not living with their families, female participants had higher ratios than the male participants. It is detected that the participants between the ages of 18 and 22 had higher ratios than the participants between other ages in the sub-dimension of “submissive”. The participants not living with their family had higher scores than the participants living with their family in the sub-dimensions of “optimistic approach” and “applying to social support” (p<0.05). In conclusion, while the female participants are observed to have been more successful than the males in terms of their ways of coping with stress, it can be said that the participants not living with their family use the ways of coping with stress more successfully than the participants living with their family.

1024 - 1029

Authors: Faik Gökalp

Anethole, having medical activity for a lot of diseases and used in the food industry,is changing solublity in different solutions (water,ethanole,methanol especially in blood). we prefer safe,cheap and time-saving materials to teach the properties of the most important effective substances in plants. We selected anethole to teach as a subject for this study to explain the properties in different solutions by using DFT method as theoretical.

327 - 337

Authors: Meral Özhan

This paper presents the adjustment process of the WIOD (World Input-Output Database) tables of Turkey to national accounts data coming from the TurkStat (Turkish Statistical Institute). The database covers 27 EU countries and 13 other major countries in the world for the period 1995 to 2011. The main aim of the paper is to construct a series of balanced input-output tables (IOTs) for Turkey’s Interindustry Analysis Model (Turina). TURINA is an Interdyme type (Interindustry dynamic macroeconomic) model developed by INFORUM (Interindustry Forecasting at University of Maryland). The Inforum model requires one or more IO tables with three blocks: i. Total intermediate (domestic plus import) interindustry flow matrix, FM ii. Final demand block, FD, iii. And Value added block, VA. A time series of 35-sector annual IO tables for the Turkish economy has been constructed by the WIOD. The format of national input-output tables in WIOD is different from the normal format of national input-output tables which can be directly used in building an INFORUM model. The WIOD structure consists of six blocks: i. Intermediate flow matrix which only shows domestically produced inputs. ii. Final demand goods produced by domestic industries. iii. An import matrix which shows import components of intermediate inputs into domestic industries. iv. Imports components of final demand categories. v. Value added block at the bottom rows of the whole table. vi. Some elements of value added rows inside the final demand block. In the adjustment process three major steps are taken. The first step requires the addition of import rows to domestic rows in order to obtain the total intermediate and final demand figures. The second step requires the adjustment of the sum of final demand categories to national account totals at aggregate level. The third step requires the adjustment of value added totals to national account income figures provided by national statistical office. After all these steps any imbalances which are almost always the case an RAS procedure is applied to balance the whole system at sectoral level. At the present stage I have checked the WIOD table for 2011. Starting from the final demand side, I observed that there are no deviations for Government expenditures and Gross domestic fixed investment between the WIOD and the TurkStat figures. For other variables of final demand block (Consumption, Changes in stocks, Exports, Imports,) some slight differences were observed. Therefore initially, the GDP figure in the TurkStat sources exceeded the WIOD figure by 3.2 percent. Finally, with a series of balancing adjustments both at macro and sectoral level the WIOD table for 2011 is made consistent with the TurkStat data.

355 - 363

Authors: Burcu Gündoğdu

In his work entitled “Mercury fur”, Philip Ridley imagines a post–apocalyptic capitalist society plagued by the butterflies, multi-colored drugs, which induce memory loss and social collapse, particularly in younger generation. In addition to the drug dealing, violence and child abuse become another source of income in this capitalist world that suffers from loss of communication and empathy. This is one of the reasons that lead characters to develop melancholic subjectivity and strengthen their tendency to resort violence. Characters suffer from permanent melancholia state due to ongoing modern civil wars that turn the world into a “Waste Land” as in T.S Eliot’s poem. Just as Samuel Beckett’s characters, Vladimir and Estragon in “Waiting for Godot”, the brothers of “Mercury Fur”, Eliot and Darren think hope and belief are replaced with disbelief and despair. In this text, it is not an existential crisis that is focused on though, it is the post-war crisis causing moral bankruptcy and lack of commitment to life because threat is everywhere and capitalism demerits humane values. The Gang culture resurfaces again and dominates the young brains and incites them to do violent actions. This text has been examined from the perspective of Freudian theory of “Melancholia and Mourning”, which sheds light on the reasons why these characters suffer from melancholia, depressive psychoses and perversions. Though at first glance, it seems difficult to overcome shell-shock experience, moral degeneration and prevent familial institution’s disintegration, Ridley considers the best cure to work through the problems is story-telling. To exchange personal stories plays a big role in stimulating bitter-sweet memories, keeping family ties close and regaining sense of self even in the time of war.

374 - 386

Authors: Tohit Güneş, Canan Varol, Oktay Güneş

This study is aimed to determine students’ opinions about the effect of workbooks on the use of workbooks as homework and learning environment that have been used since 2005-2006 academic year and have been removed as gradually since 2013. For this purpose, in 2015-2016 academic year, the qualitative data was gathered by asking 15 open-ended structured and semi-structured questions to 108 seventh grade students who are schooler in city center and towns of Samsun. Results showed that students’ evaluations about student’s workbooks changed according to students’ success and a positive correlation was appointed between academic success and the utility of using books. Although successful students’ evaluations about using books and it’s utility were positive, less successful students’ evaluations were negative because workbooks require obligatory extra studying. We are of the opinion that success show parallelism with the use of books and the use of workbooks is much better when you consider students’ general opinions.

402 - 409

Authors: Muathe Abdu

Nowadays, there is a growth of creating new accounts in social network sites (SNSs) specially by young people among whom are university students. SNSs (e.g. Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Myspace and so many others) are useful communication tools in which people exchange ideas in their areas of interest. This incredible growth of using these applications makes it significant to investigate specific personal or professional purposes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent of awareness among university students for finding jobs through using SNSs. The targeted group was undergraduate and graduate Türkiye Scholarship holders at Ege University, Izmir- Turkey for the spring semester 2014-2015. Two variables were explored: their current ways and awareness of using SNSs for finding jobs. The method applied in this study was quantitative in nature; a web questionnaire was shared through Facebook and randomly 61 participants responded to it who are about 14% of the total number. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS program 19. However, many users have already joined groups and pages in SNSs concerning jobs. The results indicate that there is a lack of awareness among them towards finding jobs and only 14.8% of them who have already been hired as a result of using SNSs. Further; they use SNSs for personal matters rather than professional ones.

419 - 427

Authors: Rüveyda Kızıloğlu, Halil Kızılaslan

This paper focused on the socio-demographic factors influencing fish consumption in Erzurum, Turkey. The data were collected from 271 households by using face to face survey technique. The Logit model has been used to analyze the socio-economic factors affecting fish consumption of households. The prices of meat, chicken and fish, and income have been used as the variables affecting the probability of fish consumption. According to the results from logit regression analysis, red meat price, chicken meat price and income are significant and positively correlated with fish consumption. An increase in red meat price resulted in a 1.82 % increase in the likelihood to purchase fish. As in the price of meat, the estimated 0.02 change in probability for income indicated that a unit rise in chicken meat price caused a 2.25 % increase in the likelihood to purchase fish. In the light of the findings, it can be recommended that fish marketers and processors should consider income, the prices of red meat, chicken meat and fish among socioeconomic factors in their formulation of marketing strategies aimed at promoting fish consumption in Turkey. Furthermore, stocking and marketing conditions should be rearranged, and household and marketing standards should be formed.

441 - 461

Authors: Zeynep Benan Dondurucu, Ayşe Pınar Ulucay

The development of new information technologies increase the power of social media as a political communication tool day by day. The main features which seperates social media from tradional media are concurency, interaction, user oriented content, the active recevier model. So, the social media has been an active vehicle which is easy to reach and cheap for reaching the target market for political acitivities. These specific features which social media have are literally important not only for political organizations but also economical establishments. Social media is a vital vehicle for political campaign strategies and public relations for all kind of organizations. In this research, USA President: Barack Obama and President of Republic of Turkey: Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s social media usage practices in Facebook as a part of their polutical communication strategies are examined. According to the results of this study, it is aimed to be analysed the reflection of two different political culture and country interaction in social media. The purpose is this study is making a comparision of Facebook usage practices between USA president Barack Obama and Republic of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan. The messages which is taken at this context are analysed according to political communication methods and practices.

480 - 487

Authors: Esra Küçüksakarya

The purpose of this paper was to make a linguistic analysis of the specifically chosen Turkish novels’ blurbs. This study focused on the blurbs of 10 novels in different genres involving Psychology, Sufism, Tragedy, Biography, History, Literary, Thriller & Adventure, Self-Improvement, Romance and Horror. In terms of communicative purpose and linguistic analysis of rhetorical and lexico-grammatical choices, the methodologies of Selinker (1972,), Lackstrom (1973), Trimble (1974), Swales (1990) and Bhatia (1993) and consequently their connection with the advertising discourse were applied to the corpus consisting of 10 Turkish novels’ blurbs. In the first stage, for delimiting the scope of the study, domain-specific corpus was determined. Next, the study was devoted to exploring the rhetorical structure of blurbs from a genre analysis perspective (Swales, 1990; Bathia, 1993) to identify their communicative purpose. Furthermore, linguistics analysis in regard to lexico-grammatical features and the relation between the form of linguistic resources and the functional aspects they textualize in discourse were focused. The results showed that book blurbs formed a specific genre characterized by a certain communicative purpose. In the lights of the findings, it was found that the use of specific linguistic and discursive conventions demonstrated some basic characteristics of advertising discourse.

501 - 509

Authors: Aykut Yılmaz, Burçak Başak

The goal of this study is to measure if there is a relation between personality types, which are determined according to the Big Five scale, and consumer sentiment toward marketing and the severity and direction of this relation. After the literature review it was seen that there is not any studies about the measurement of the impact of the personality types against consumer sentiment toward marketing. Therefore the research is important in terms of contributing to the literature. The research implemented with survey method to the applicants who were selected by using quota sampling and convenience sampling. Number of the valid surveys are 417. According to the results of the analysis it was seen that the personality types, which are coherent to the perception of the promotion activities, extraversive and open to experience, are all related positively. The compatible personality type has a positive impact on the perception of place and product activities. The conscientuous personality type has also a positive impact on the perception of pricing activities. However, neurotic personality type does not have any impact on the consumer sentiment towards marketing.

522 - 530

Authors: Halil İbrahim Şengün

The main goal of political parties and candidates, who often encounter the voters during the election period and after, is achieve the highest votes with the lowest price. During this period that the choice of voter is getting indecisive and the importance of ideologies is losing with the effect of globalization, it is seen that there are also many similarities in rhetoric and propaganda of political parties. This competition fact caused by these similarities, made it necessary to be stand out with a great different efforts regarding the reaching the highest potential votes of the leaders of political parties or candidates and thereby winning the election. In this study, the efforts and workings of political parties performed during the election period or before were examined as applied in regards to political marketing so that political parties achieve higher ratings to influence the choices of the voters towards their own ideas. In this context, the voting habits of the students educated in Dicle University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Department of Business Administration and the role of political marketing tools in formation of political preferences were analyzed statistically. For this research, 240 students were selected from nearly 1590 students educated in Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Department of Business Administration at Academic year 2013-2014 spring semesters. Convenience sampling method is used in the study. Required data has been obtained from these students with face-to-face survey method and attempted to determine the student’s opinions. The data obtained as a result of the research was analyzed with statistical analysis such as frequency, correlation analysis and factor analysis.

541 - 553

Authors: Erkin Nevzat Güdelci

Companies should choose proper competitive tools to be successful in their environment. Being successful is closely associated with being competitive. Therefore, at the beginning of this work, a general look to Competitiveness is taken. In addition to this, the reasons for companies to compete are explained. Furthermore, the external and internal factors related to competitiveness are listed. In further sections, the example of Gübretaş is assessed with internal and external competitive factors and its competitive tools are explained. Advices for Gübretaş to be more competitive are also given. In this paper, the reasons for companies to compete are stated and external and internal factors affecting the competition level of companies are explained. Combination of these external and internal factors affects level of the competition, In other words, it affects the success of the companies. Therefore, the companies should deeply analyze these factors, so that they can choose the best combination of tools for competition. Being more competitive let the companies gain more market share in their field. Being big gives advantages for companies. The reason for this is that big companies can have more sources than other ordinary companies. These companies use tools like price, promotion, etc to compete with ordinary companies. Therefore, if today’s companies want to obtain success in the competition, they should increase their sources as much as possible to defend themselves against attacks by their competitors. To do this, they should determine the best practices for competition.

567 - 582

Authors: Serkan Kadıoğlu, Hatice Kadıoğlu Ateş, Güler Kanbay Ak

The aim of this study is to investigate the discipline approaches of school managers. The study employed qualitative research methods and techniques. The sample of the study consists of the school managers employed in the secondary schools in the district of Başakşehir, Istanbul, in the 2014-2015 educational year. The study unveiled the opinions of 56 school managers on the definition and aims of the concept of discipline, and, at the same time, revealed their discipline approaches that they have adopted. Data were collected from school managers through a semi-structured interview. Interviews were videotaped. The study took approximately two months. According to the findings, school managers defined discipline as a way of yielding desired behaviors, of complying with rules and regulations, rewarding and motivating the employees, and maintaining order in the institution. However, it was also found that some school managers defined discipline as a punishment for undesired behaviors. It was found that school managers think that discipline aims to secure productive functioning of the institutions, to get things done neatly, to help the personnel to be successful, to prevent all possible problems, to make the personnel abide by the rules and regulations and to organize the things to be done. The study also found that among the attitudes that the school managers take on when they implement discipline are encouragement and rewarding instead of prohibition, and identifying the reasons for, and preventing, indiscipline. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the majority of school administrators have preventive approaches towards indiscipline. Some school managers have such attitudes as forcing the employees to act properly, developing an attitude towards the undisciplined personnel, and threatening which shows that they have corrective approach towards indiscipline. School managers that punish the undisciplined personnel in line with the requirements of laws and regulations by giving justifications have the punitive-prohibitive discipline approach which is based on punishment and prohibitions. A small amount of school managers that participated in the study was found to have a revenge-based discipline approach towards the undisciplined employees. It was concluded that managers in this group develop such approaches as waiting for the undisciplined behaviors that require heavy punishment; not helping the personnel in their difficult times, and depriving them of their rights. Based on the findings, it can be said that school managers are knowledgeable with the definition and aims of discipline; that they usually have the preventive approaches towards indiscipline; and that there are very few school managers that have revenge-based approaches towards indiscipline.

592 - 612

Authors: Hicham Achelhi, Lagziri Narjisse, Bennouna Mustapha, Truchot Patrick

Innovations are the result of a joint effort of a number of parties involved in the process of improving a country. Innovation has increasingly been reconigsed to be the key growth of Morocco and has attracted significant levels of academic attention over recent years. Nevertheless, there has however been less focus on the factors which prevent or inhibit innovative activity, the “barriers approach to innovation” especially in developing countries. In the Arab regions, studies on barriers to innovation are sparingly rare. There has not been research in the relevant literature that has identified the innovation barriers in Morocco; a detailed review related to innovation barriers has been conducted. This paper reports on the results of a study that examined barriers to firms’ innovation on a sample of 76 managers of enterprises in the Tangier&Tetouan region. Tangier&Tetouan is a dynamic region, and is also the recipient of generous investment, and is considered a strategic area for the development of Morocco. Indeed, the region is an important industrial center at the national level, occupying second place with 10% domestic value added, almost 8% of production and 14% of exports. The aim of this study is to determine the barriers in the innovation process in the Tangier&Tetouan region, and investigate the interrelations among them and develop a model that may measure the interacting effects of the barriers. The approach is based on a review of the scientific papers; analysis of available statistical data, national development documents, empirical researches and other secondary data. An in-depth study of fifteen barriers to innovation was completed through distributing questionnaires. The results were initially summarized using statistics to provide a better understanding of the respondents and characteristics of the responding companies. The paper concludes with an analysis of the complementarities between obstacles to arrive at the primary factors that are obstacles to innovation activity. Both internal and external determinants play a significant role in hindering innovation development. The analysis also explores the differences between firms by industry type and firm size. Furthermore, the level of importance of obstacles is different for innovator and non-innovator firms. Among the main results set for this research it cannot generalize the model of innovation in the region of Tangier&Tetouan. This paper is should be taken as the first study not only in investigating the barriers in the innovation process in Tangier&Tetouan region, but also in developing a model that may be used in solving the innovation barriers. The results of the study may be useful for both government and entreprises. The research results can be used in the development of public policy aimed at supporting and encouraging innovation among entreprises in Tangier&Tetouan region.

625 - 635

Authors: Tohit Güneş, Fatma Taştan Akdağ

This study has been composed for determining the perceptions about energy, capasities of interdisciplinary relating and using knowledge, evaluating in terms of some factors towards science high school students. For this purpose, the study has been performed with 20 boys, 20 girls totally 40 students attend science high school in the center of Samsun. The datas have been obtained asking open-ended semi structured questions to the students, categorized and evaluated considering comprenehsion level scale (5 point likert scale) created by Abraham and Williamson (1994). It has seen that the students are not on the expected level of conceptional perception, description and conversion of energy and interdisciplinary knowledge transfer. It has been found out that demographic characteristics as socioeconomic status, gender, parents’ educational statues, sibling number, being boarder or day student are not related to researching factors. It has been determined that it can be useful teaching the subject of energy with a interdisciplinary approach shared by Physics, Chemistry and Biology.

659 - 669

Authors: Gözde Yirmibeşoğlu, Aycan Demir

Domestic violence is one of the major problems in our country. In parallel with the number of domestic violence cases in the country, Antalya has a high number of such cases in particular. This study investigates the intensity of the domestic violence cases by carrying out a research on the number of appeals to arbitration in the context of the 6284, Protection of the Family and Prevention of the Domestic Violence Law. In addition, the Prosecution, the Judicial Courts and Family Courts in Antalya are studied in this research. Moreover, all the protection and struggle mechanisms to end domestic violence, Antalya Bar Council in particular, are explored. Women’s Rights Commission and Children’s Rights Commission working under Antalya Bar Council are studied. Thus, the study focuses on struggle and protection mechanisms to fight against violence against women and children. The study aims at clarifying the data including the numeral data with regards to domestic violence in Antalya. The method is developed by obtaining data and by analyzing them. In addition, the struggle methods are investigated by discussing the issue with Antalya Bar Council. Furthermore, the institutions of the Ministry and organizations working on this issue are studied. New Centers built on this issue in particular, working under the Family and Social Policies Administration named Prevention and Observation of Violence Centers are explored in this study. In addition, Child Observation Centers built in Antalya as a pilot city are researched in the study. Such centers are built to provide services such as health, education, police force legal aid to the sexually abused children with the contribution of state services.

676 - 687

Authors: Aycan Demir, Gözde Yirmibeşoğlu

Participation of women in labor is important in terms of her representation in public sphere. Recently, the emphasis on her dual work as a wife and a mother in private sphere causes problems in her involvement in paid labor. Her roles as a wife and mother limits her while joining in the paid labor and even after being accepted. Moreover, women face with a lot of barriers with regards to high-ranked positions. Therefore, it is important that this traditional understanding be eradicated so that women can take part in paid work in great numbers. Special regulation in order to increase the number of working women and their social security rights are necessary. There are many regulations regarding women in the Social Insurance and General Health Insurance Law (5510). This study aims at investigating the regulations about “working women” in this Law 5510. Therefore, general regulations about working women in the Law are researched and regulations about long term and short term insurance specifications are studied. In addition, regulation about indebtedness of working women is investigated.

1-11

Authors: Ahmet Başçı, Adnan Veysel Ertemel

Corporate Reputation concept has been studied in academic literature since 1950’s and received a lot of interest from various disciplines. Both practitioners and academicians agree that corporate reputa-tion plays a critical role on how the corporate is perceived and whether or not the corporate is per-forming successfully (Beown, 1998, Fombrun, 1996). Having a good reputation makes the stakehold-ers of the firm more eager to contribute, attracts good talent, helps retain existing customers (Mark-ham, 1972). There is a positive correlation between good reputation and high revenue generation (Robert and Dowling 1997; Vergin and Qoronfleh 1998). Generally accepted definition of corporate reputation is totality of aggregated observations and perceptions regarding the firm (Bromley 1993; Davies and Miles 1998). There are three distinctive schools of thought regarding corporate reputation. These are; social expectations, corporate personality and trust. Social expectations take into account the anticipated corporate behaviors by the society. Corporate personality approach takes into account various personality traits being attributed to a firm. The last approach investigates the conditions where people trust to a firm. This paper uses the corporate personality approach to measure corporate personality concept. The aim of the research is to investigate the corporate personality perception of university students studying in business administration departments who plan to work in one of these firms after graduation. An exploratory research is made to achieve this purpose. The research is lim-ited with the city of Istanbul and with the university students studying business administration in state and private universities. Due to the homogeneity among the research population, convenient sampling is made. The results are compared, analyzed and further research suggestions are made.

20 - 32

Authors: Tohit Güneş, Fatma Taştan Akdağ, Oktay Güneş

It is purposed in this study that determining readiness level and misconceptions (if the students have or not) in the learning process of buoyant force of liquids which requires basic Physics concepts for 10th grade students. For this purpose, open-ended questions which contain basic concepts have been asked to 162 10th grade students who attend high school in the city center of Samsun. Obtained datas are categorized and evaluated considering comprenehsion level scale (5 point likert scale) created by Abraham and et. al. (1994). As a result of evaluations it has been determined that readiness levels of students are not adequate, existing lack of knowledge about some basic concepts and significantly misconceptions. It has been concluded that it is difficult to learn a new subject without resolving the lack of knowledge.

45-49

Authors: Çiğdem Bacak, Oğuzhan Dalkıran

The main purpose of this study is to determine the differences between the entrepreneurship levels of the Sport Management and Recreation the fourth year students who are enrolled in the recreation programs of universities. The sample of this investigation consists 268 students studying in the recreation departments of Erciyes, Kocaeli, Sakarya, Muğla, Akdeniz and Pamukkale Universities during the spring semester of 2014-2015 academic year. To determine the difference between entrepreneurship levels of sample group is used "Entrepreneurship Scale for the University Students' developed by Yilmaz and Sünbül '(2009) and to determine the demographic features of students "is used " Personal Information Form” created by the researcher. In the analysis of personal information form data is used frequency and percentage distribution. Non-parametric tests were applied because of the data were not realize normal distribution. To analysis of the differences between the total score level was used Mann-Whitney U test, to analysis of the differences between levels of substances in the frequency distribution Chi-square (Chi-square) test was used. According to the findings in the study there is no significant difference between the level of entrepreneurship of the Department of Recreation and Sport Management students. In addition, there is no significant difference according to gender and age entrepreneurship level. There is a significant difference between entrepreneurship levels according to practices that Recreation and Sport Management Department students have made and the courses that Recreation and Sport Management Department students have taken.

64 - 74

Authors: Ebru Nurcan, Neylan Kaya

The automotive sector, seen as the driving force of the economy in industrialized countries, constitutes an important position because of the interaction with other sectors. This situation raises forefront of the efficiency and productivity of automotive companies. In this study, activities in the automotive sector in the world, and in 2014 according to the report published by Brand Finance, 17 firms’ efficiencies with the highest brand value using a non-parametric mathematical programming model named Data Envelopment Analysis is evaluated. One of the most important characteristic features of DEA method is that it evaluates efficiency level of the efficient firms as 1. The other important feature is that it takes fully effective firms as a reference to ineffective firms (the ones that have an efficiency level lower than 1) and gives amendatory advices to help them become effective. Making use of the financial report in the analysis period between 2011-2013, as input variables total assets, total equity and the numbers of employees were used; as output variables, gross profit and net income were used. According to the result of the study, while the average technical efficiencies of the firms which are the subjects of the analysis in the researched terms show a positive acceleration later on the decrease and it is determined that the efficiencies of the industry do not have stability.

87 - 91

Authors: Demet Karabulut

Orhan Pamuk’s The Museum of Innocence offers prevalent examples of melancholy which is based on the pratoganist Kemal’s state of mind. Even before losing the object of desire, Kemal mourns about the future separation which signals the beginning of melancholy that increases after the end of the affair with Füsun and turns into a mood of life that lasts as long as he lives. Attached to the lost object (Füsun) and the gesture of its loss, Kemal yearns to be a part of Füsun’s life. Therein resides the cause of his attachment to the objects that belong to Füsun which he gathers in Merhamet Apartment that already functions as a museum. This paper analyses object attachment and the idea of museum that devoloped from this which direct us to the concept of the “aura” and transmissibility of the past to the future.

103 - 109

Authors: Barış Mutlu

We have started to forget some ancient values such as virtues including courage, self-control, modesty/temperance, benevolence, honesty, and truthfulness, justice in our current lives which have very strong self-interested, and egoistic relationships. Especially because of having different good life conceptions in our daily lives, we try to solve those problems by focusing on common political rules which are generally very abstract. But we have never thought that those rules will not be strong enough to fight against some political and ethical problems because of our selfish and non-altruistic emotions. So virtue ethics which start to become a tradition in the discussions and approaches of ethical philosophy, has been brought important and strong arguments which focus on virtues, social practices, and dependency and those arguments will be different from Kantian and Utilitarian ethics’ arguments which are based on abstract moral rules. Even they have very different readings, philosophers like A. MacIntyre, B.Williams, and M. Nussbaum address to our present problems by going back to past, tradition and by this way the virtue ethics tradition has been revived. Now there have been many studies on virtue ethics for our crucial problems such as identity problems, environmental problems, and our interest in other beings, old age, and disease. In this paper, I want to discuss some impacts and values of virtue ethics on education and what kind of tradition it’s trying to build within education by making our duty to fight against some contemporary problems cherishing some non-altruistic emotions such as egoism.

116 - 130

Authors: Marko Turk, Jasminka Ledić

Academic profession is faced with changes and challenges in social environment that occur in the global area of higher education. These challenges call for (re)defining the existing and introducing new competencies for performing everyday academic duties. The research findings presented in this paper, attempt to answer the research question What are the competencies academics need at the start of their senior academic career? The research was conducted on a sample of 1130 academics of all academic positions from seven public universities in Croatia. The online survey examined the attitudes about how important each competency is to successfully perform the role of a senior academic as well as their assessment of the mastery of each competency. The evaluation scale contained 41 items - academic profession competencies. This paper will present the results of the rankings on the scale evaluating the importance of academic profession competencies and corresponding discussion about new research questions that has been opened. Some of these questions are related to discussions on approaches to acquiring new and/or redefining existing competencies of the academic profession and systems of support for acquiring and redefining academic profession’ competencies.

144 - 152

Authors: Zeynep Öner

The purpose of the study is to determine preservice teachers’ value dimensions about exhausted, exhausting species and Turkey’s endemic species. For this purpose, a semi-structered survey has been conducted to preservice teachers and asked what kind of values they have about species determined. The answers have categorized and 13 value dimensions have been determined. These are; sympathy-affection (emotional), ecological, nourishment, economic, dangerous-frightening, ornament-aesthetic, touristic, industry, health-medicine, artistic, educational, advertisement, symbol-toy. As a result of analysis of the datas it has seen that ecological value (20.00% answer rate) is the most important and then, emotional (14.00% answer rate), economic (10.03% answer rate) values are important for preservice teachers. Besides, the values have been determined which have been attributed to the each of exhausted, exhausting species and Turkey’s endemic species by preservice teachers conducting surveys which has been prepared using 13 value dimensions. Based on the results, it can be considered that preservice teachers are proficient in perceptions about biodiversity. Teachers’ perceptions about importance and conservation of biodiversity must be on an expected level because of teachers’ creating awereness, perception and attitude on students. Taking into account of these factors, for preservice teachers it is important that having enough perception about biodiversity.

162 - 182

Authors: Selcen Vodinalı

Advertisements aim to leave impact on target group via an idea, product or service. As known, advertisements have a decisive impact on the behaivours of one of their target groups, childrens.Visual and auditory power of television and children, whose parents stay indifferent on this power, have been exposed to too many advertisement message every day,are both uncontrovertible truhts. The topic of this work is the impact of the advertisement; such as the advertisement's impact on the children, the consumerism's imposes on the interaction between advertisements and children, how much children affected from the lifestyles presented on advertisements, affects on their nutrition and behaviour and the formation of their value judgements.The target of this work is to handle the TV commercials targeting children from different aspects and to understand the childrens' impact rates from the advertisements' message, which is constructed by the source.In this context, the advertisement called "Yoook mu?" from Maret brand chosen from commercials aired in 2015 via intentional sampling method; and semiotic analysis used for the analysis of the commercial movie. A coding scale about commercial movie has been made on the scale for creating meaningful findings. For reaching the meaning, Peirce's approach, which supposes that the correlation between the indicative and indicated can happen on three degrees of the indicator, has been used as a basis.

191 - 208

Authors: Işıl Fulya Orkunoğlu Şahin

The phenomenon of globalization, exacerbated following World War II and began to appear intensely in the 1980s, with the impact of GATT Treaty in force in the 1940s-1950s which was supported political, social and economic integrations between the countries that are close to each other. So that regionalization came into question. For this reason, it can be easily said that was generated by governance, new developmentalism, free zones, development zones and industrial zones, technology development regions which are the tools of today's regional development and as a result of globalization and regionalization processes evolve with feeding each other at certain times. Development agencies were established through international organizations with the funds and loans of many international organizations such as, UNDP, World Bank and EU. They have been the driving forces of regional development zones in which they were established. Accordingly in this study examined the contributions of development agencies to regional development in Ankara case.

219 - 231

Authors: Yasemin Arıman, Mehmet Tuncer

Today states have been installed many tasks accordance with constitutions. States to fulfill these tasks make public expenditures and also needs income to finance these expenditures. Today, about 70% of government revenues consist of taxes. While elected government make decision about how much tax will be released to the taxpayers, voters will decide who the political power is. Several factors stand out that affect the decision of voters in other words their political preferences. In this study; impact of family and surroundings, over-all economic outlook and tax on political preferences of voters were investigated. This study was limited to Trabzon; was utilized face to face interview technique, contact was made with 384 participants identified by random sampling method and finally data were tested by SPSS 16. As a result of the study it was concluded that factors have the most significant impact on the political preferences of the voters is over-all economic outlook.

244 - 254

Authors: Mehmet Can Aktan

Education is a lifelong phenomenon. Education’s step which is formal and includes childhood is carried out at schools. Problems that affect school age children’ academic achievement and psychosocial wellbeing negatively are called student problems. In this study; introverted, extrovert and social problems are mentioned. Coping with student problems, social work and its practise field school social work’s role are mentioned. Accordingly, in line of problem-need, the importance and necessity of school social work interventions in Turkey are expressed. School social work is based on the approach “person-in-environment” which addresses student with its social environment, however it isn’t been practised yet in Turkey. School social work has almost one hundred years of its history in the USA and England. It aims students’ academic success and psychosocial development, focuses students’ wellbeing on problem-needs basis. At schools from many different region of our country, some events such as violence, suicide are being reflected in the media nowadays and they are showing the need of school social work clearly. Finally, it is believed that this study will contribute to the literature.

262 - 273

Authors: Zübeyir Bütüner

Yet the task before the Second World War from the Rudolf Nadolny ambassador to Turkey, has fulfilled this role for nearly five years. Assigned to each claim to have a history of how successful the fact that although there are other important reasons. The beginning of the best of these is perhaps the most important is to have someone with experience. One of the other reasons the region is also an important level of positive relations with Turkey and Germany, perhaps the only man to hold. However, during the First World War in the Middle East and Turkey, Rudolf Nadolny is one of the most important factors to be served. The purpose of this study, rather than a biographical work reveals, Rudolf Nadolny's officials during his years in Turkey are the activities that have been carried out. Therefore, first Rudolf Nadolny's life has been examined and then passed to the embassy year. Embassy of the year in the Turkish - English - French alliance done to prevent the work undertaken, Turkish German Non-Aggression Pact signing, R. Nadolny against the attempted assassination attempt in Turkey with Germany political and diplomatic relations cut and Rudolf Nadolny Turkey 'the club has been investigated.

286 - 301

Authors: Ömer Çınar, Salih Yeşil

Gaining a competitive advantage, attaining a learner identity, and keeping pace around of an organization depend on the support of the organization for the employees as well as loyalty, performance, commitment, and dedication of the employee. In this context, employees must feel the support of organization in order to feel them valued, to have ownage of the business, to be permanent, and to improve their performance. The aim of this study is that to examine the effects of variables of organizational commitment and organizational support which are made by organizational behavior on the employee performance. Showing a high performance and desiring to keep working on the organization of the employees in the banking sector, which is found the high-level competition, will increase the success of themselves as well as the organization. As a result of national and international literature for variables and structural equation model in the study; the relationship of organizational commitment which is a variable from individual behavior and organizational support which is a variable from organizational behavior on employee's performance are proposed for the structural equation model. A selected universe for the field research is that about 575 employees in where 39 branch of 18 Banks in Kahramanmaraş. The studied sample is composed of 306 surveys which are suitable for analysis. In the survey, the measures which are their validity and reliability confirmed by international studies have been used belong to the variables which are "organizational commitment", "organizational support" and "employee performance" that are situated in the research model. According to the obtained data, research hypotheses are tested by using of SPSS and AMOS. As a research result, the hypothesis which states “Organizational commitment of Bank's employees positively affects the employee performance.” The organizational commitment of employees makes a positive contribution the organizational citizenship behaviors; so that the opinion of their increased performance are supported by this study. Hypothesis of “Organizational support provided by the Bank positively affects their employee performance”, which are founded between organizational support and employee performance, is also accepted. In this context, noticing of employee ideas and supporting them everything about business or non-business increase their performance. Consequently, these points are recommended below; considering employee’s ideas seriously, giving priority to health and happiness, taking into account the objectives and values of them, forgiving a mistake which are made unintentionally, and feeling that the organization would assist them in any issues of employee.

314 - 326

Authors: Merve Menteşe

Classical Turkish literature consists of the works written in Ottoman age in terms of ongoing period. It also includes the aspects of social life, science, religion etc. as a literature of a Muslim culture. In the light of this reality, there are wide variety of sources which classical Turkish literature takes advantage of. Religious elements are involved in the important part of these sources. Especially after Turk's acceptance of Islam it attracts attention the frequent use of religious elements. So, the poets of ottoman age used quite often religious elements in their poems as well. Among the poets who used religious and sufistic factors typically, there have been ottoman sultanas. Ottoman padishahs had been educated with special care when they were so young. They have always supported the poets since the establishment of the state and enabled many French and Arabic works to enrich our literature. Almost all Ottoman sultanas have been poets who knows Islamic culture and literature starting with II. Murad. They all used a penname in their poems like other poets. II. Murad was the first padishah who had poems. Otherwise, Fatih sultan Mehmet was the first poet who had Dewan. He conquered Istanbul when he was 21. He was a great reader and poet as well as a war hero and statesman. There is no doubt that ottoman culture, science he learned and the belief he held have had a great influence on his works. In our work, it will be examined the religious elements including Dewan of Fatih sultan Mehmet namely, Avni, in terms of what meanings he gave these elements as well as where and how due to the fact that he was the first one having had dewan. It is certain that a work give some clues about the personality, view of world and beliefs of the person who wrote the work. By being studied the Dewan of a Padishah who marked an era, it can be understood better the influence of religious elements on Ottoman sultanas.