International Journal of Cognitive Research in Science, Engineering and Education

1-7

Authors: Irina V. Abakumova, Irina Al.Bakaeva, Karina Yu

The research in question investigates the technologies of initiating independent activity within the framework of distance learning and their psychological aspects. The authors’ classification of educational technologies of initiating students into independent cognitive activity is presented. Such technologies utilize various psychological mechanisms of exciting students’ cognitive interest, intensifying cognitive processes, developing independent activity skills, and, as a result, increase motivation for independent activity and learning on the whole. These include such types of technologies as developmental technologies, interactive technologies, technologies of information transfer, technologies of meaning-making initiation. The research of the attitude of distance learning educators to independent activity of students and the content of the academic courses were done at Moodle-based education programs. The findings show the differences in retention rate among distance learning educators whose competence in terms of initiating students into independent (self-guided) activity varies. It’s emphasized that interactive lectures, videoconferences, audio-visual aids, interactive seminars, glossaries, interactive tests are considered the most efficient technologies in initiating students into independent (self-guided) activity. The obtained results have made it possible to stress the developmental effect of distance learning technologies and the technologies of initiating students into independent (self-guided) activity in various psychic spheres of students: cognitive, individual, emotional. We mention the changes in motivational sphere of students and their meaning-making activity. In the course of correct development of distance learning we notice the development of voluntary and nonvoluntary cognitive activity. A student starts actively participating in educational process, he becomes the creator of his own world.

23-29

Authors: Julia Choukhno, Mikhail Klarin, Tatiana Kosyaeva

This paper presents the results of qualitative study aimed to explore the relationship between the perception of behaviors that support people development, core coaching competences and values supporting them, and wisdom-related values. Our hypothesis was that the reflection on empowering behaviors focuses managers’ attention on wisdom-related values that are very close to the core values of coaching and therefore facilitate their progress towards wisdom-related performance. Sample consisted of 306 managers (N = 306) interviewed in 28 groups (N = 28) within leadership development programs in Russia, Ukraine and France from 2008 to 2016. We used the open-ended questions method and qualitative content analysis. The results showed high homogeneity of responses and high degree compatibility between behaviors quoted by respondents and the International Coach Federation core competences. In the second part of the study the responses were analyzed from the point of view of beliefs and values that can support desired developmentally focused / coaching behaviors, and compared the outcome with the existing concepts of wisdom. The study confirmed that the professional training in coaching leads to the cumulative development of wisdom (wisdom-related values, wisdom-related knowledge, wisdom-related performance) because the core of the system of coaching values fundamentally coincide with wisdom-related values.

41-46

Authors: Zholudeva Miroslava Valerievna, Zholudeva SvetlanaVasilievna

In this research the peculiarities of educational orientation in the course of learning at the selection of 86 teenagers depending on perception of the educational group by them have been studied. Reliability of the research has been provided with the use of the relevant techniques: "Interpersonal perception in the group" (Ilyin E.P., 2011) "Orientation on knowledge acquisition" and "Orientation on a grade" (Ilyin E.P., 2002). It has been specified that the teenagers with individualistic, collectivistic and pragmatical types of interpersonal perception of the group are oriented to different extents on a grade and knowledge in the course of learning. The provided data can be used by school psychologists, counseling psychologists, in aid of teachers and parents.

53-56

Authors: Lenče Miloševa, Vladimir Milošev, Roza Arsova, Svetlana Jovevska

The aim of this study is twofold. The first aim is to investigate whether we can use the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), translated on Macedonian language, item 9 in order to screen passive suicidal thoughts. The second aim is to describe the nature of „better to be death thoughts or hurting own self in some way“ reported with structure clinical interviews carried out in order to further asses passive suicidal thoughts of cancer patients, who hade endorsed item 9 of this scale. The data were collected from Department of maxillofacial surgery, Clinical Hospital, Stip, Macedonia, during the period june 2014 - june 2016. The final survey sample consists of 122 patients (66 % female and 34% male) aged 19-70 years. Inclusive criteria: patients were diagnosed with cancer in maxillofacial region. We applied Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and structured clinical interview. Two weeks after they become familiar with the diagnose they filled up PHQ-9 scale, and after four weeks clinical interviews were carried out. The reliability (Cronbach`s alpha) for the PHQ-9 scale translated on Macedonian language and sample was good (alpha > 0.85). We found that patients with diagnosed cancer who endorsed „passive suicide ideas item 9“ were more likely to have suicidal thoughts which were described latter on during clinical interview. We analyzed thoughts reported by patients in the frame of modified categories of suicidality. Of 67 (54.92%) of patients who endorsed item 9 with „yes“, the highest percentige was in category with passive suicidal thoughts 39 (58.21%). Due to the limitation of this study, more studies are needed in future.

1-8

Authors: Elena Rizova, Elizabeta Tomevska Ilievska, Alma Tasevska, Sadudin Sadiki

The research focus of this work raises the issue that refers to the assessment of the effects of the project models for safe schools, which are derived from the National Strategy for Reducing Violence in Schools in Republic of Macedonia (2012-2015) through promoting a sustainable educational concept for safe secondary schools. This work offers answers, in the form of conclusions to the stated questions, such as: whether, and how much do the project models, which are realized in secondary schools, supported and in a “dialectic” relation with the relevant educational institutions from the governmental and non-governmental sector (Ministry of Education and Science, the municipalities, and non-governmental organizations), achieve the primary goal; what are the benefits from the implementation; and what are the models of sustainability? The goal of the research is to assess the conceptual insights and efficiency of the projects, and their influence on strengthening the educational concept of securing a safe school environment in secondary schools in R. Macedonia. Research of this issue is done with assessment research. Due to the complex and diverse nature of the issue under investigation, primary significance is given to the views and needs of all the relevant factors involved in the process. This benefits the idea that the research is of empirical character. It is also supposed that the conceptual insights of the projects have a positive influence on strengthening the educational concept for securing a safe school environment in secondary schools in Republic of Macedonia.

17-22

Authors: Ljupco Kevereski, Marija Kotevska Dimovska, Dragan Ristevski

If our time is stressful, than protecting and promoting of our mental health is imperative of the time that is coming.In modern literature there is a huge interest for the determination of the mental health of the emotional intelligence, which is treated as a factor for it’s keeping and development. This paper is based on the assumption that the emotional intelligence has considerable contribution for understanding the relationship between psychosocial stress and mental health, seen through three important variables: self-confidence, depression and aggressiveness. In the research were included 72 people, and for variables’ measurement are used: questionnaire for measuring emotional intelligence (PК-45), stress inventory and questionnaire for emotional structure of the person- Profile index of emotions. The results from the regressive analyses showed that stress is connected to the three indicators of the mental health. People with low emotional intelligence react with lower self-confidence and high depression and aggressiveness in stressful situations. The two competencies of emotional intelligence (EI) - self consciousness and social consciousness statistically are different from the other relevant measures which show that EI is important thing in understanding the relationship between the stress and mental health.

31-38

Authors: Arbona Ibrahimi Xhemajli

Considering the role of the teacher and their relation to pupils during the instructional process as well as the organisation of activities by the teacher, this paper actualises the current views related to the role the teacher has in interactive teaching. The teacher is the basic instigator of interaction with his/her pupils and he/she can be such an instigator only with well organised teaching. Interactive teaching, a promising approach, represents a challenge not only for the teachers but for the professional service as well. The traditional teaching, dominated by a verbal approach and memorising of the teaching material, is entirely replaced with other activities, both in the process of following the teaching and in the process of learning the material. The purpose of this paper is to explore the level of application of interactive teaching in the educational process, since practicing of interactive teaching by the teachers, during this paper represents only a part of authentic results from the two combined researches, one part of results obtained via survey sheets given to the teachers of nine schools and a part of the results from interviews taken with the professional service as a focus group.

49-54

Authors: Borce Kostov, Ankica Antovska

In the scientific public, since long ago, there has been an interest in studying leisure time. Leisure time is a central issue of modern civilization, integral part of the structure of modern society and a significant factor for a person’s development. The goal of this research is to study the modern concept of and the benefits from the introduction of leisure (extracurricular) activities in the primary education process. Certain investigations show that teachers, through extracurricular activities, can have a significant role in building and improving the talents of students. From the answers received in the enquiry it can be seen that both teachers and students have different attitudes and interests regarding extracurricular activities. The school has still the best position and the hope for developing students’ skills for the wide world of extracurricular activities.

59-66

Authors: Ali Nouri

The present paper assembles contributions from the areas of education, psychology, cognitive science, and of course, neuroeducation itself to introduce the basic principles of research in the field of neuroeducation studies. It is particularly important, as such it is a useful way to justify researchers about what neuroeducation as a specific domain do that no other field can do as well or cannot do at all. Based on the literature reviewed, neuroeducational research can be understood as an interdisciplinary endeavor to develop an insightful understanding and holistic picture of problems related to learning and education. It thus epistemologically is based on an integrated methodological pluralism paradigm. This requires researchers to understand multiple methods and methodologies and employ as they formulate their own research projects. Researchers have a critical role to play in providing systematic evidence and conclusions that are scientifically valid and reliable and educationally relevant and usable. One significant implication of this argument is the need to strengthen the quality of the research component in graduate programs of the field and train interested researchers in the identification and formulation of relevant research questions.

73-78

Authors: Kekeeva Zinaida Ochirovna, Sherayzina Roza Moiseyevna

The article deals with the problem of professional formation of the teacher as a source of professional career development. The authors reveal the role of professional teacher’s conduct in the process of cognition students’ cultural values of their ethnic group, the moral values of human conduct in the ethnocultural environment of the region. The authors also provide the basis for the process of professional formation of the future teacher as a source of professional career development in the self-development of cultural and educational space of the university in the region.

1-8

Authors: Alla Belousova, Vlada Pishchik

The results of psychometric analysis of the new technique of thinking styles diagnostics are presented. The fundamental principles of thinking style concept by A. Belousova, according to which the thinking style is determined by the dominance of a person’s function in the structure of thinking activity during the problem solving, are covered. In accordance with A. Belousova’s ideas that the collaborative thinking activity as a self-organizing system is carried out by means of functions assumed by each participant: function of generating ideas, the function of selection (review and evaluation of information), functions of sense transfer and function of implementation. Thinking of adult, acting as a complex self-organizing system, combines the same functions: generation, selection, sense transfer and implementation. In this connection, we believe that the thinking style is defined as a characteristic set of functions actualized by a person in different situations of the problem solving. Domination of generation function determines the development of initiative thinking style, selection - critical, sense transfer - administrative, implementation - practical. The results of testing the reliability and validity of a new questionnaire for the thinking style diagnostics on a representative sample of Russians are given. The author’s version of the questionnaire is presented.

17-31

Authors: Deia Ganayim

In order to assess the unique reading processes in Arabic, given its unique orthographic nature of natural inherent variations of inter-letter spacing, the current study examined the extent and influence of connectedness disparity during single word recognition using the optimal viewing position (OVP) paradigm. The initial word viewing position was systematically manipulated by shifting words horizontally relative to an imposed initial viewing position. However, unlike previous research, partially connected/unconnected three-, four- and five-letter Arabic words were displayed in the left and right visual hemifields at all possible locations of letter fixation. It was found that OVP effects occurred during the processing of isolated Arabic words. No OVP was found in three-letter words; for four- and five-letter words, the OVP effect appeared as a U-shaped curve with a minimum towards the second and third letters. Thus, the OVP effects generalize across structurally different alphabetic scripts. Furthermore, a perceptual superiority was found for words with right-positioned unconnected sub-units as compared to left positioned unconnected sub-units because of the differential sensitivity of the hemispheres to the gestalt form of letters. Such findings support the established view that the LH specializes in word recognition for alphabetic languages.

41-46

Authors: Tatjana Koteva-Mojsovska, Suzana Nikodinovska Bancotovska

Faculties should ensure integration of science and teaching: science that constantly evolves following the changes in scientific thought and teaching that incorporates these changes in their own organization. So there is a need of including the students, who are prepare for teachers, in the process of pedagogical experience during their study. Pedagogical experience is a completed with a pedagogical practice and hospitation on one side and theoretical knowledge on the other side. Pedagogical experience is a kind of activities that students are involved in the educational process. Considering the importance of these activities, we made a research to determine the effects of pedagogical experience of students in the fourth year of studies at the Pedagogical Faculty in Skopje. This research is guided by two assumptions: 1. Pedagogical experience as an integral part of studies has positive effects on the quality of initial teacher education and educators; 2. The organization of pedagogical internship does not fully satisfy the educational-applicative needs of students and objectives of the internship. During the survey, we have found that the students have good theoretical knowledge about the educational process and are successful in selecting topics for discussion with the competent persons in institutions. But they are not initiative enough and they are not sufficiently active in the process that have no direct obligation to implement and to record. Because of that, students have to be well prepared and instructed for all activities through the practice that will relate to their overall engagement as teachers.It shows that there is a necessity to redefine the structure, objectives, content and organization of the internship.

59-63

Authors: Slagjana Angjelkoska, Gordana Stankovska, Dimitar Dimitrovski

The family and its important role in the development of the child is the inspiration for many types of research that have the intention to emphasize certain aspects of family life and the consequences of the family relations in the development of the children. The issue of this research is to find out if there is a connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and self-concept in the children of early school age. The research is conducted on 30 children of single-parent families. The children of these single-parent families are children who have lived in families with conflicts and they have been direct or indirect participants in the conflict of the divorced parents. In the process of research, we applied projective techniques: Machover which consists of drawing a person’s figure, as well as a drawing a house and a tree-HTP (House-Tree-Person).The results are obtained through qualitative analysis and interpretation of each drawing particularly. During the investigation the relation between the variables, it is confirmed that there is a considerable connection between the conflict in the family, the divorce of the parents and the self-concept in children. It is confirmed, during the process that the children of divorced parents from negative self-concept. In children of single-parent families it is indicated that this group of children in relation to the psychological picture for themselves presented the following characteristics: lowered EGO, mechanisms for defense, feeling of insecurity, low self-confidence, aggressiveness, great virility, and caution.

77-83

Authors: Kekeeva Zinaida Ochirovna, Zhannat Sardarova, Gulzhan Ergalieva

The article deals with specialist preparation problems in networking cultural-educational space of the University. The authors consider the role of networking technologies in quality improvement of educational services in the conditions of the international cooperation. They also substantiate the process of entering the future experts in the working environment, the formation of their professional and personal competencies. The article reveals priority areas of training new generation specialists in the cultural and educational space of the university taking into account modern educational trends in the world.

91-95

Authors: Vesna Horvatovikj

Literary-artistic compositions, first of all, have an aesthetic function but when the same are used in the teaching they as well fulfill the cognitive function. The best “angle of view” of one literary-artistic composition in the teaching is through the balanced relation of “dolce” and “utile”. The instructiveness of literary-artistic compositions in the teaching is not ultimate and should not be considered as a task that is to be performed. For the purpose of realization of these basic functions of literary-artistic compositions envisaged in the teaching, the main precondition is their appropriate selection pursuant to the age of the reading audience (the students).

1-5

Authors: Daniela Blagoj Dimitrova-Radojichikj

A comparison reading performance was done between 8 students who are using Braille and 14 students who are using enlarged print to read. Reading performance was determined using reading rate (words per minute, wpm). Reading rate results showed no significant difference (p>0.05) between those using the Braille (16.62±11.61 wpm) and those using the enlarged print (27.21±24.89 wpm). This study has shown that Braille reader students read at lower reading rate compared to print reader students with visual impairment.

17-20

Authors: Razet Grimsoltanova, Batygov Ziyaudin Osmanovitch

The article described the study of the relevance of the role and place of religious contents among young people in the postconflict areas of the South of Russia, the rate of experiences of mythological fear had been explored with the help of the survey, as well as individual psychological characteristics of subjects had been studied by methods of Eysenck, Schmieschek, J. Rotter and Taylor. Those representatives of the surveyed youth sample experiencing a high level of mythological fear could fall into the danger zone of initiation in the group of non-traditional religious sects, as well as come under extremists’ influence, since manip-ulation of consciousness and human behavior, depending on individual psychological characteristics and by using of mythological content, such as fear of possession by jinni, is most effective. The study was attended by representatives of Islam at the age of 19-21, divided by gender: 100 young men and 100 girls. The study was aimed at identifying indi-vidual personality characteristics of temperament, character accentuations, locus of control, the level of personal anxiety and the results of a content analysis of the survey done by the author of the article were identified in accordance with five scales. Results of the study revealed that about 80% of subjects experiencing a high level of mythological fears had the same peculiar correlation indices. In connection with the results of research, we had worked out and suggested a complex of psycho-pedagogical support consisting of four modules for the purpose of education, preventive and corrective activities with young people experiencing a high level of mythological fear (fear of possession by jinni).

29.34

Authors: Jasmina Gocevska, Natasha Angeloska Galevska

Success and efficiency in the working organizations today are based upon good communication and social relations between their employees. The importance of these processes is visible in the use of modern techniques of communicating and the support of team building and team work in organizations. Communication and social climate is a topic that is contemporary and interesting to explore. Therefore, this research is focused on processes of communication and social interaction in the educational and manufacturing working environments. Research data were gathered with survey on a sample of 121 workers from two educational and two manufacturing working organizations. Two types of questionnaires were used: a questionnaire by Richard L. Daft (2001) on the communication issue and so-called WES Work Environment Scale concerning social interaction. Data were analysed with statistical procedures of descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (t-test) for testing of hypotheses.Based upon this analysis came the conclusion that there is a difference in the degree of development of these important personal skills. The results show that the workers in the educational working organizations have a greater ability to communicate and interact compared to those in the manufacturing organizations.This research is meant to be a base for conclusions that came by information gathered in these two kinds of organizations so that the insight could lead further research in other types of organizations.

43-50

Authors: Panev Violeta, Aneta Barakoska

The traditional concept of the teaching staff continually is expanding and changing not only in the content but in the methodology and in the forms of learning as well because of the permanent change of the social conditions and the advancement of the science and technology. The teacher is a mediator of the knowledge and a key person who realizes the reforms and the teaching processes into practice and that is why the present and the future requires from the teacher qualified, expert and fundamental pedagogical knowledge.The competencies and the skills as a changeable category mainly recognized and focused on the enrichment and the personal development of someone who learns, besides the initial education implies flexibility as well. Even more it implies improvement of the skills and the knowledge according to the given time frame periods and life conditions by the science and the technology development. During the teachers’ initial education there is a need of expanding their pedagogical skills and competencies in order the pedagogical function to be fulfilled in a modern world using the foreign language in the teaching process as a tool for an entry to new resources and innovative techniques of studying.In the paper there is a presentation of a short comparison of the teachers’ competencies in the English linguistic speaking areas and in Macedonia through comparing the educational programs of the higher faculty institutions and colleges.We will present their attitudes and opinions in terms of the level of the acquired competencies in the initial education. The results are to be used in the professional improvement of the teaching competencies of the English language and other subject teachers during their initial education. The research implemented with the teachers in the schools led to the conclusion that there is an immense need of expanding the teachers’ competencies during their initial education.

57-66

Authors: Anthony kwabena Nkyi

The purpose of this paper is to provide detailed description of clinical assessment of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) that can be used by clinicians to assess the level of intelligence of children and adolescents. The WISC-IV is a standardized intelligence test provides essential information and critical clinical insights into a child’s cognitive functioning. Literature review and analysis of how to interpret the WISC-IV are described. A psychological report of a 15 year African girl with the use of WISC-IV is reported and clinical impression is given. Information from several sources including interviews with parents, test scores and behavioral observations were used to develop a hypothesis about the child’s skills. Her Full Scale IQ of 125 is classified in the superior or higher range of intelligence. Recommendations about how to address problem areas are discussed.

81-88

Authors: Zoran Velkovski, Elena Dimova Rizova

Vocational education and training systems in the Republic of Macedonia have been put under strong pressure for modernisation in the last decades. In addition to economic and political globalisation, technological innovations brought rapid changes in the type of jobs and the content of labour in the national economies, which lead to change of the demand for qualifications and new skills on an on-going basis; the open market and migration expanded opportunities for work within and between countries, and the complexity of the demand for new skills on the labour market have dramatically begun affecting and shaping the structure, organisation and content of vocational education and training.This report is based on the experiences from the collaborative approach applied in the development of the Strategy for Vocational Education and Training in a Lifelong Learning Context for the Republic of Macedonia, implemented through a process of consultation with a broad stakeholder basis. It addresses the participants in the process, the steps undertaken to ensure involvement of stakeholders and ultimately ownership over the process (or its components), the obstacles encountered and steps undertaken to address them, the problems, their causes and proposals for preventing and/or eliminating them, as well as the lessons learned and recommendations for further development of the social dialogue and partnership.

93-98

Authors: Tatjana Koteva-mojsovska

The monitoring and recording of the individual characteristics of children are very important for the development of quality education. Also the views of the teachers about the differences in the development, the potentials and the affinities of the children in the early school period are especially important. The quality education process in the modern school should be adapted to the individual potentials of the children. The children are individuals with their own integrity and characteristics. (Johnston and Halocha, 2010). They have individual pace and develop individual approaches in the learning process. This individual pace in the development of the children requires the teachers to regularly monitor and record the individual characteristics and differences of the children, monitoring the children’s interests, planning instruction which will adapt to the different learning approaches and the different pace of progress of the students.Setting out from this paradigm, this paper, which is based on a realized research, aims to offer findings about the treatment of the individual characteristics of the early school-age children in our country. According to this, we carried out a research in four primary schools in Skopje, which showed us that the teachers lack the appropriate conditions and possibilities to monitor and record the individual characteristics and the specific differences of the students in the early school period.

105-109

Authors: Sonja Veličković

The main objective of this paper is to determine the contribution of the Preparatory Preschool Program (PPP) coordination between Preschool and primary education process and analysis of all factors affecting the preliminary introduction of children for school through the implementation of the Preparatory Preschool Program.The survey was conducted in 6 Preschool institutions and 12 primary schools in the following towns: Bujanovac, Vranje, Vladičin Han, Leskovac and Niš; the sample consisting of 173 Preschool child care workers, 180 teachers and 32 professional associates with total number of 385 respondents.It is expected that the research results will initiate all people involved in children’s education from Preschool to primary elementary school education to act and work together in order to achieve a strategic and important aim - to prepare children for school effectively, i.e. to realize successfully the basic and very important prerequisite for easy adaptation of the children in the school environment.

115-119

Authors: Marina Bogdanova

Based on the views of representatives of domestic and Western philosophical thought (M. Merleau-Ponty, P. Bourdieu, N.A. Bernstein, E. Knyazeva), the author offers a nontraditional approach to the study of essence and nature of sports activity. The productive analysis of sports activity requires such technics of intellectual procedures, which allow to consider sports activity not only as a physical sphere but also as a mental one, including cognitive, mental, psychomotor and emotional aspects.

1-6

Authors: Leah C. Roue

This study examines whether the shortage of females in science and engineering is linked to possible gender-based differences in school-aged children’s divergent thinking. Divergent thinking is a direct measure of creativity and an important characteristic in science and engineering. A survey instrument designed to measure divergent thinking was administered to 8th and 11th graders in a mid-western United States school district. Results showed that there were no difference between girls and boys on the three measures of divergent thinking: fluency, flexibility, and originality. These results indicate little reason as to why participation in science and engineering is male dominated, and support the notion that additional exposure to science and engineering through divergent-thinking activities will provide girls with the self-knowledge that they are capable of solving open-ended problems and engineering tasks.

17-20

Authors: Tatiana Pavlova

This article describes a study of the preschool children’s communication with their mates in joint mental activity, one of the results of our study was the establishment a correlation between the intensity and effectiveness of the communication.

29-34

Authors: Lazar Stošić, Irena Stošić

This study tried to determine whether the computer have affects on the creativity of children. A random sample of 120 parents were tested to give their opinion. This study used a descriptive-analytical method. The technique which used is the interview, and the main instrument is specially designed for this research. The results shows that the use of computers have affects on the creativity of children. The obtained data were analyzed by issues within established research tasks.

39-42

Authors: Mariya Viktorovna Kiseleva

This paper presents the results of research devoted to the phraseological units with the conjunction or, analyzed from the viewpoint of their semantic integrity, structure and means, providing their stability and cohesion.

49-54

Authors: Mitrička Stardelova, Angel Džambazovski

This paper includes an experiment that was performed on a hundred patients by using our self-developed methods during a two year period. The treatment of discus hernia was carried out by using our self-developed methods combined with a completely new technology, as well as clinical biomechanics, chiropractics, massotherapy, thermotherapy, cryotherapy and various other specific exercises practiced in esthetic and orthopedic kinesiology - kinesitherapy. 50 females and 50 males aged 35 to 55 underwent our therapy and the results we obtained display very high curative effects.

61-66

Authors: Kundan Lal Verma, Amit Kumar Jaiswal, Manish Mishra, Anil Kumar Shukla

The cognitive signal processing is one of the important interdisciplinary field came from areas of life sciences, psychology, psychiatry, engi-neering, mathematics, physics, statistics and many other fields of research. Neurophysiologic tests are utilized to assess and treat brain injury, dementia, neurological conditions, and useful to investigate psychological and psychiatric disorders. This paper presents an ongoing research work on development of EEG interface device based on the principles of cognitive assessments and instrumentation. The method proposed engineering and science of cogni-tive signal processing in case of brain computer in-terface based neurophysiologic tests. The future scope of this study is to build a low cost EEG device for various clinical and pre-clinical applications with specific emphasis to measure the effect of cognitive action on human brain.

73-76

Authors: Sonja Veličković

Starting school is an important developmental step / task not only for the child but also for their parents and family in which to grow up. The accomplishment of this task expands the boundaries of family / parent and the child's functioning in social, emotional and cognitive sense. The aim of this paper is to highlight the need to educate the parents of the child going to school, which would contribute to parents with awareness and sensitivity to the nature of long-term process of entering the child's entry into school, to a child's socialization process related to school and proceeded in a favorable direction. The author emphasizes the importance of having a separate program prepares parents for the child starting school, as part of the annual program of preschools / schools that educators / teachers should realize and thus improve their educational work with one hand, while on the other hand its value will be reported in a balanced relation between child-school-family, but also to avert the potential emotional difficulties, or, the child's dysfunctional behavior. Participation of professional services and school teachers / teachers in the implementation of such programs can enhance compliance of educational values that are placed in front of the child in the family and in the school environment.

83-86

Authors: Zvezdan Arsić

The main task of teaching at the present stage of social development that is characterized by the rapid development of science and technology should be directed towards ensuring that students are in the process of gaining knowledge as more independent. Learning in the modern conditions of life and work more focused on finding new information and acquiring skills that they interpret, judge, critically analyze and find their practical application. Individual learning is a process in which students do their own activities, and the school should primarily be to develop pupils' skills and habits for independent work, or to enable them to actively come to know and own efforts. With a program of independent activities of children in the process of acquiring knowledge in teaching should begin already at a younger age in order to further their education existed during the constant rise of autonomy and independence. Individual learning in the classroom requires thought flexibility, critical thinking, individual work and intellectual independence, creativity and productivity, motivation and interest, as well as a partnership of teachers and students in the realization of educational tasks.