The Problems of Economy

20-24

Authors: Glukhova D. A.

The aim of the article is to define the conceptual framework and features of priority directions in redistribution of the US federal funds. This subject is very relevant because it discloses a system of financing and allocations of the most powerful state in the world in many aspects. The article describes the structure of government funding of the national military sector and directions of the modernization of the US military-industrial complex. It has been determined that in the global expansion of military actions the USA in no case remain aloof from the given events. Manufacturing the US military products plays a key role in the defense industry not only of the country itself but also the international community as a whole. For Ukraine, with the complications in its military-political situation, the cooperation with the United States and inclusion of the financial assistance to our country in its federal budget are very important. The mentioned directions for allocating the received funds in the amount of $ 300 mln by the Ukrainian government confirm the support by the American state of our military equipment and modernization of the national defense industry.

30-38

Authors: Fehr H., Tofaniuk O. V.

Based on the experience of European countries, practical recommendations on improving the level of financial capacity of regions in Ukraine have been developed. In the article the comparative analysis of the financial equalization system in Germany and Ukraine has been conducted, different approaches to equalization on the basis of the actual redistribution have been determined, the efficiency and transparency of the use of budgetary resources in these countries have been analyzed. The research result is the substantiation of the necessity for decentralization of tax revenues in Ukraine to reduce the volume of transfers from the State Budget to the regions. Prospects for further research in this direction are developing a reform strategy for Germany and Ukraine in order to improve the socio-economic relations between the center and regions and to make the redistribution of budgetary resources more efficient. Improving the system of financial equalization involves the use of optimization techniques taking into account the inter-regional economic and geographic ties.

46-52

Authors: Polikarpova O. S.

The credit crisis and its transformation into a sovereign debt crisis have illustrated the limited character of the traditional macro financial politics. The financial crisis has shown that the priority of price stability does not guarantee macroeconomic stability. Revision of the goals and objectives of the monetary and credit policy is being carried out in many countries. In order to ensure macroeconomic stability, central banks have to use new instruments considering financial stability as an additional object. Since 2009 the IMF recommends central banks to use macro-prudential instruments for reducing macro-financial risks and imbalances in the financial system structure. The effectiveness of macro-prudential policy depends on its calibration with the monetary and credit policy. The growth of financial imbalances in the first decade after the adoption of the euro, presence of contradictory fiscal policies, deployment of a spiral of rapid crediting and price inflation have led to apraxia in the monetary and credit policy, and fiscal policy was limited by institutional arrangements. Accumulating funds during the budget surplus the countries-members of the European Monetary System (EMS) attempted to reduce asymmetric shocks. The priority of price stability in the EMS had been achieved but the economies of these countries suffered from financial imbalances. Macro-prudential policy is aimed at prevention and mitigation of systemic risk, plays a significant role in reforming the new policy of central banks. That is why European countries are developing new methods and an institutional framework for the implementation of a new macro-prudential policy. Problems of structural arbitration and the possibility of emergence of new financial imbalances in the EMS are becoming increasingly real. The flowof financial capitals and financial institutions to more lenient jurisdictions is connected with the establishment of macro-prudential policy. The macro-prudential policy of central banks has been considered, financial imbalances of the EMS since 1999 have been analyzed, the main macro-prudential instruments have been described and EMS countries that had implemented these instruments have been considered. The efficiency of using the main macro-prudential instruments in the extrapolation at mitigating symptoms of systemic risk has been analyzed. The directions of the interaction between macro-prudential and monetary and credit policy in the EMU have been identified. The problem of macro-prudential migration, which may cause a new threat of financial asymmetry in the EMU has been considered.

62-72

Authors: Tymoshenko O. V.

The fundamental contradictions of existing methodical approaches to assessing the level of the state economic security have been substantiated and proposals on the introduction of a unified methodology for its assessment, which would be acceptable for use at the international level or for a specific cluster of countries, have been developed. Based on the conducted researches it has been found that the there are no unified signs for such classification of countries. To determine the most significant coefficients and critical values of the indicators of economic security, it is appropriate that the countries should be grouped in terms of the level of the economic development proposed by the UN Commission and the IMF. Analysis of the economic security level has been conducted for the countries-members of the European Union as a separate cluster of countries on the example of macroeconomic security indicators. Based on the evaluation it has been found that the proposed list of indicators and their critical values is economically sound and built on the principle of adequacy, representativeness and comprehensiveness. In 2004 the most secure countries of the EU corresponding to the macroeconomic security standards were Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, and as in 2014 the percentage of absolutely secure countries decreased from 14.3 to 7.1%, only Denmark and Sweden remained in the ranking. During the analyzed period Bulgaria and Croatia got into the risk zone, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Romania were in a danger zone. In 2014 Ukraine in terms of its macroeconomic security was in a critical state, which testified about serious structural and system imbalances in its development.

79-91

Authors: Khaustova V. Ye.

The article analyzes the global trends in the industrial development both in developed and developing countries. The study is based on the data of interbranch balances for 38 countries over the period of 1996-2011. In the selected groups of countries there have been studied: the dynamics and structure of the world industrial output, share of industry, dynamics and structure of the volume of industrial exports, dynamics of export orientation of the industrial production, dynamics of capacity of the domestic market for industrial products, structure of consumption of industrial products, dynamics and structure of the GDP of high-tech industries, dynamics of the share of the GDP of high-tech industries in the world industry GDP. There have been formed the rankings of top 20 producers, exporters and importers of industrial products in the world, leading countries in terms of capacity of the domestic market for industrial products, leading countries in terms of import dependence of the domestic market for industrial products in the world, leading countries in terms of the GDP volume of high-tech industries. Based on the conducted analysis it has been proved that the development of industry in developing countries is taking place in higher, as compared with developed ones, pace. High rates of industrial development in developing countries are ensured, first of all, by increasing their domestic market capacity. At the same time maintaining a high level of activity in the international market for industrial products still allows developed countries to keep the leading positions in rankings. The most industrially developed countries among the developing ones are Korea, China and India, and those among the developed countries are Germany, Japan and the United States. A significant advantage of the developed countries is observed in the production of high-tech products. Even considering the advantage in the GDP growth of high-tech industries in the developing countries, their share in the world total output is still significantly smaller.

99-107

Authors: Bondar-Podhurskaya O. V.

The aim of the article is the development and materialization of techniques for forecasting and evaluating the efficiency of the system for managing sustainable innovative socially oriented economic development based on a modernized human development index (HDI). The HDI is studied as an integral indicator for evaluating the efficiency of the system for managing sustainable innovative socially oriented economic development in terms of its modernization with the purpose of considering the most powerful factors in the development of innovative activity in the context of sustainable satisfaction of the vital interests (VI) of the socium, society, or state. The terms «sustainability criteria» and «stability reserve» of the system for managing sustainable innovative socially oriented economic development, which serve signal values for evaluating the social stability, have been suggested. It is emphasized that the negative value of stability reserve indicates the country’s entering the active phase of a political, financial and economic crisis, long stay in which will inevitably lead to a revolutionary situation. It is for the first time that the author on the basis of a multidisciplinary approach, morphological analysis and the method of adjustment indices has developed a modernized human development index, which, unlike the conventional HDI, takes into account environmental, social and economic components of subsystems of the system for managing sustainable innovative socially oriented economic development. It makes for a complex evaluation of its efficiency as a dynamic system based on criteria of performance, optimality and sustainability, and also acts as the basis for making managerial decisions as to implementing the measures to improve the level of satisfying the vital interests of socium, society and state.

114-119

Authors: Kozhushko O. V., Vladimirova N. P.

The aim of the article is to define the main macroeconomic factors ensuring the state financial safety. The article defines the main problem areas for ensuring the financial safety of the state. It has been determined that the concept of «threat» in the financial sector is broader than the concept of «risk». It has been suggested that «the threat to economic security» should be considered as negative changes both in the external and internal political, economic and natural environment, as well as the situations developing as a result of these changes, which force countries to make additional efforts, require additional costs, mobilization of resources to ensure the implementation by the state of its obligations to the citizens, society and external creditors. The article also highlights the internal and external factors affecting the financial safety of Ukraine. It has been noticed that one of the important components of the state financial safety is debt safety. In this respect, the basic issues of debt security have been defined. Besides, negative consequences of the public debt growth impact on the state financial sector safety have been revealed. It has been pointed out that predicting the financial safety level provides the prediction variance and has a subjective character.

127-135

Authors: Koshovyi O. G., Krasovska O. Yu.

In the issue of reforming the given sector the determination of the development vector, its content basis has crucial significance for the project of changes as whole. The aim of the article is to analyze the institutional model of the functioning of the sphere of sports in Ukraine in comparison with the set international standards and to identify a new institutional framework for transformation of the sports sphere into an efficient and self-sustaining industry. The article considers the issues of reforming the functional relations within the institutional framework of the sports sphere in Ukraine, principles of its integration into the organizational structure of the world sports as well as potential possibilities for its transformation. Based on the analysis of the existing model of the sports sphere in Ukraine under conditions of significant reduction of its financing, the key problems in the existing functional relations have been revealed, there have been proposed a system institutional approach to performing qualitative transformations: establishing institutional linkages through legislative introduction of the principle of sports autonomy; formulation and implementation of standardized requirements to the status and regime of functioning of sports federations; creation of transparent and simple mechanism of simultaneous legalization of an international sports federation, its rules, kinds of sports; automatic delegating the rights of the National Federation to the sports federation, which is an official representative of a recognized international federation; formulation of standardized requirements to the status and regime of functioning of a sports club in activities of the selected sports federation. Implementation ofthe proposed steps to reform the sphere of sports in Ukraine will allow promoting the integration of the Ukrainian sports into the international sports arena and creating opportunities for the development of sports at both the micro- and macro-level, will make the new transparent system an attractive sector of the economy both for private and institutional investors.

144-149

Authors: Paientko T. V.

The problems of overcoming the institutional deformations in the policy of forming budget expenditures have been studies. It has been proved that the problems arising in the area of budget expenditures have not only economic, but institutional character as well. The development of the institutional environment is related to the formation and development of the financial infrastructure, which management component directly affects the state economic development. Imbalances in the development of the institutional environment and financial infrastructure have a negative impact on forming the policy of budget expenditures and the rate of the state economic development. This leads to the need for timely identifying and overcoming the institutional asymmetries in the policy of budget expenditures. Based on the results of the conducted research it has been revealed that the institutional asymmetries in budget expenditures are caused by three main reasons. The first one affects the overall dynamics of budget expenditures and is using the «manual» control over distribution of expenditures. The second is in increasing the volume of financing social areas (up to 2013) against the low GDP growth rates and recession in the sector of non-financial corporations, that is, under conditions of lack of their own basis for ensuring financial securityof these processes. The third one is in increasing the budget expenditures on general state functions at low institutional capacity of public administration, so that the budget funds are allocated and used efficiently, with minimal benefit for society. It has been proved that overcoming the existing institutional deformation and preventing the emergence of new ones is possible at the implementation of one of the following options of the state policy. The first one implies reducing the expenditures on general state functions to the level of economically developed countries. This should be carried out parallel to the measures on enhancing the institutional capacity of public administration by reducing the number of the management staff and raising responsibility for an inefficient use of the budget funds. The second one suggests maintaining a high level of budget expenditures, including those on general state functions and focusing on improving the institutional capacity of public administration. Under this option, the priorities of the society development will be a high proportion of public sector and relatively high level of taxation. The third one involves a gradual reduction in the budget expenditures on general state functions, improving the institutional capacity of the public administration apparatus, control over growth rates of budget expenditures on other items within the GDP growth rate. This option is the most mild but a positive effect from its implementation will be delayed for several years after economic stabilization

158-163

Authors: Reshetniak O. I., Zaika Y. A.

The aim of the article is to develop an organizational and economic mechanism of forming educational clusters for enhancing the competitiveness of higher education in Ukraine. By analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists there has been justified the necessity of creating educational clusters by eliminating internal competition in the educational environment in a particular area of the economy and implementing the principles of partnership and mutually beneficial cooperation, which will create the conditions for achieving synergy effects increasing the competitiveness of higher education. As a result of the study there has been proposed an organizational and economic mechanism of forming educational clusters in Ukraine, which establishes a link between educational institutions, business organizations and governmental authorities. Prospects for further research in this direction are to determine the degree of involvement of business structures in financing of educational programs, as well as to develop mechanisms of state regulation of public-private partnership at creating educational clusters.

170-176

Authors: Tarangul L. L., Kramarenko O. A.

The aim of the article is to analyze the existing practice of inter-budget relations in Ukraine and specifics of providing transfers with the purpose of balancing the budget. In the course of the research the regulatory framework, according to which the mechanism of calculation and remittance of transfers functions, has been evaluated. The distinctive features and innovations in the field of providing transfers have been identified. The analysis of remittance of the transfers to local budgets in 2011-2014 has been performed. As a result of the research there has been determined the constant growth of transfers from the State Budget, and it was pointed out that, despite the changes in the budget process, at present the questions of building an optimal model for calculation and transfer of funds to local budgets remain unresolved. The work studies the Dutch practice of filling the budgets as well as that of inter-budget relations and proposes the principles of its adaptation in Ukraine. Prospects for further research in this area are to build a model of inter-budget relations taking into account economic criteria and improve the mechanism of balancing budgets on the conceptual level

188-194

Authors: Tkachenko S. A. I

Consideration of the scientific achievements of leading scientists-economists and diagnostics of the experience gained in establishment and operation of territorial production systems and implementation of accounting and economic as well as analytical calculations have made it possible to determine the main directions of improving methodological materials on economic monitoring: it is, first, clear definitions of indicators, which are necessary to operate with in the process of solving the tasks of monitoring, and the unity of their symbols; second, the use of rational methods of calculating the accounting and economic as well as analytical indicators; third, description (where appropriate) of various methods for obtaining the results of monitoring; fourth, giving a fairly complete list of incoming information necessary to calculate one or another indicator; fifth, construction of informational accounting and economic as well as analytical tables based on the number of specific indicators. Improving the monitoring methodology in the functionally advanced systems of strategic regulation of the regional structure and territorial organization of agro-food sector entities in all areas considered, as it is evident from the past experience, significantly facilitates the development of design solutions for economic monitoring subsystem and increasestheir cost-effectiveness, comprehensiveness, depth, speed, analyticity and quality. Among the prospects for further research in this direction, in our opinion, of special relevance is an issue related to information tools to provide economic monitoring subsystem in the functionally advanced strategic regulation systems of the regional structure and territorial organization of agro-food sector entities

202-209

Authors: Vladychyn M. B., Struk N. S.

The authors raise the problem of introducing the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) at commercial enterprises of Ukraine, which carry out foreign economic activities. The expediency of introducing the BSC has been proved. Accordingly, the results of the study showed that the BSC can significantly extend the possibilities of strategic management, as well as the formation and use of this concept would be of great practical importance for the development of foreign trade activities of the commercial enterprise. The stages of introducing the BSC with the help of the SWOT-analysis and strategy map have been considered. The advantages and disadvantages of introducing the BSC have been determined. The strengths and weaknesses of the studied commercial enterprise have been evaluated. The research results showed that intrinsically the strengths significantly predominate over shortcomings of the system and threats of the external environment can be neutralized. In particular, it has been proposed: to develop a quality strategy; invite coaches and specialists in strategic management; use at the first stages a standard software, such as: “1C: Enterprise” or Microsoft Excell, which will minimize the time of the data collection. A strategy map, which contains the basic measures on improving the performance of the studied enterprise, has been suggested.

216-221

Authors: Petrenko O. O.

The aim of the research is substantiating the feasibility of applying the methods of «360 degrees» and «assessment-center» to evaluate the competence of specialists of economic entities in Ukraine. In practice under modern conditions the use of the National Qualifications Framework is very limited and reduced to application in the field of higher and vocational education. The acquisition of competences can be regarded as the process of forming the professional culture to achieve the goals in the professional training of personnel. The process of managing competencies includes the creation of competence models for different groups of professions and jobs. The feature of the assessment method «assessment-center» is that in parallel with it other methods of appraisal can be used as well. In the process of applying the method «360 degrees» there takes place polling of the employee himself/ herself, his/her immediate superior, peers, subordinates, customers of the assessed employee. The main purpose of feedback in this case is to provide the employee with systematic information on assessing the level of development of his/her competences. The paper presents a comprehensive assessment with using the methods of «360 degrees» and «assessment-center» that, unlike other models of assessment, not only allows carrying out selection of employees qualitatively but also determining the current and future competences, planning the direction for training, formation of personnel reserve and career promotion of employees.

228-233

Authors: Savytska N. L., Heber N. A. I

The aim of the article is to determine the characteristics of opportunistic behavior and its impact on personnel potential of retail network enterprises. The causes and manifestations of internal stakeholders’ opportunistic behavior at the network enterprise have been highlighted. The features of opportunism in the «principal — agent» system have been described. Agency transaction costs arising from the opportunism of workers have been revealed. Forms of pre-contractual and post-contractual transaction costs have been identified and processed. The influence of system institutional traps on the formation of personnel potential has been presented. It has been determined that overcoming employees’ opportunism is advisable to be carried out by such major levers of forming personnel potential as a system of measures on preserving the personnel «core» of the enterprise by creating a differentiated system of remuneration; improving employees’ loyalty to the company, degree of job satisfaction.

240-246

Authors: Skrynkovskyy R. M.

In the scientific paper the key aspects of the enterprise competitiveness diagnostics are presented. The essence of such economic categories as «the enterprise product competitiveness» and «diagnostics of the enterprise product competitiveness» has been revealed. It has been determined that the enterprise product competitiveness is one of the key properties of the product, which is characterized by possibility and ability to achieve the requirements of the market better than its competitors, and in a shorter time period than they do. It has been found that the diagnostics of the enterprise product competitiveness allows for evaluating the state and properties of the product, its position in the market, demand and prices, as well as the future prospects of its stay in the market with the purpose of making sound management decisions to ensure the smooth functioning and development of the enterprise. It has been determined that the key indicators for diagnostics of the enterprise product competitiveness are: a) the price index of the product consumption; b) the product share in the market; c) the product quality index, including the level of the product safety for consumer, level of the product reliability for the consumer, level of products standardization and unification for the consumer, level of the product ecological properties, level of economical use of the product for the consumer. When carrying out the diagnostics of the enterprise product competitiveness it is recommended to use the method of expert evaluations

253-259

Authors: Bryukhovetskaya N. Ye., Buleev I. P.

Based on the retrospective analysis, the category of «competition» has been presented as a dialectical unity of the opposites «fight-cooperation». The forms of its manifestation at different stages of development of society and economy have been considered. The notion of competition and its features in the context of globalization have been clarified. Suggestions on improving the competitive relations at the present stage of economic development have been made. Proposals on specifying the indicators for the formation of competitiveness rankings at the level of the national and international economies taking into account the military and industrial production have been substantiated.

266-272

Authors: Khomjak M. S.

The aim of the article is to study the essence of theories and concepts of financial space, and its objectives are: to identify the main stages and specifics of financial theories and concepts of financial space; justify the possible directions for implementation of the theoretical concepts of financial space in the Ukrainian realities. Under modern unpredictable conditions of the globalized world, various financial processes, which are difficult to predict, occur in financial space. As the realities of the second decade of the XXI century testify, the financial practice is ahead of the theoretical developments. However, the essence of cash flows, which are formed in the world, including domestic financial space, is that they are real, rather than virtual, and therefore are of such a nature that can be found, studied and justified. All the financial problems that emerged during the existence of human civilization found its theoretical justification and proper implementation. That is why the domestic financial flows, which currently have an unpredictable nature, should be properly investigated and a concrete solution should be found.

279-284

Authors: Chunytska I. I.

The article is devoted to systematizing the problems of infrastructural potential in the securities market, and finding the ways of their solution under conditions of economic shocks. A large number of regulators in financial markets and the low efficiency of the regulatory process have caused a high risk of fraud with the financial market operations, in consequence of which the level of trust in it remains very low. All these problems over the last two years have worsened even more as economic uncertainty deepened under the influence of political uncertainty. This situation became the basis for the emergence of serious shocks in the economy, which aggravate the problems of developing the financial market and its infrastructural potential. The results of the conducted research have shown that under conditions of economic shocks the most vulnerable sectors of the financial market is the securities market, banking sector and insurance market. Under conditions of economic shocks the complex chains of mutual influence that exist between these sectors are being violated, which affects developing the infrastructural potential of the financial market. The negative impact on the infrastructural potential development is manifested through the low efficiency of the securities market, which is under excessive bank-centricity not able to soften the blows of economic shocks. The poor quality of the banking system regulation violates its resistance to crises, and the low quality of disclosure does not contribute to building trust in the banking sector. Taking into account the fact that insurance companies place their reserves mainly on bank deposits, the banking crisis is the cause of a chain reaction in the insurance market. As a result, the main elements of the financial market function efficiently. The solution of the identified problems includes improving the quality of information support of activity in the financial markets and raising the levelof responsibility of the regulators for poor quality of regulation or inaction under conditions of economic shocks.

293-301

Authors: Polova V. V.

The aim of the publication is studying the determination factors of the personnel labor behavior and developing a hierarchical classification with identification of its several levels and socio-cultural keynotes; comparing the value of the labor model prevailing in the minds of Ukrainians with the ideal one and determining the prospects for gradual revival of the foundations of the ideal labor model in the system of managing the personnel labor behavior. As a result of the analysis and synthesis of scientific works by many scientists the author systematized the factors of determination of the personnel labor behavior and highlighted two main approaches to their definition: by the origin and variety of needs, which influence the labor behavior emergence and changing. It has been proved that in the process of formation, implementation and development of labour behavior of an individual, a decisive role is played by his/her values and needs. The author has developed a hierarchical classification of the determination factors of the personnel labor behavior distinguishing its global, local-civilizational, macro-, meso-, micro-, mini- and nano-levels. It has been proved that locally-civilizational level (socio-cultural factors) has a determining influence on all lower levels and determination factors of the personnel labor behavior. Based on the analysis of the fundamental research in the field of determining the degree of actualization and needs of the modern Ukrainians in the labor process, it has been concluded about the destruction of the labour model traditional for our country. It is recommended that the further search for effective ways and methods of managing the personnel labor behavior should be necessarily conducted with regard to the principle of social and cultural identity.

309-319

Authors: Kuzmynchuk N. V., Oleksiuk T. V

The aim of the article is to develop a methodological approach to evaluating measures on management of financial safety at machine-building enterprises, which will allow forming a set of sound management decisions as to ensuring the necessary level of financial safety at applying a certain strategy and serve as a tool for improving the quality of the accepted strategic development alternatives based on non-random selection of the most significant management decisions adequate to a specific situation with consideration of the predicted values. There have been proposed a scientific and methodical approach to evaluating strategic measures on management of financial safety of machine-building enterprises based on an integrated dual evaluation: the ranking of strategic alternatives by the method of multi-criteria choice based on the additive convolution for each specific strategy and every direction of financial and economic activity on the one hand and assessment of the effectiveness of the strategic measures on management of financial safety using the methodology of the utility theory — on the other. It has been determined that the validity of choosing strategic decisions on ensuring the financial safety is based on synthesis of all-Ukrainian practices of implementing possible alternatives with the internal potential of the enterprise (available potential) expressed in the form of benefits for the management. There have been built and presented a graphical interpretation of membership functions of the calculated fuzzy expected utility of the strategic alternatives for JSC «Smelyanskiy Electromechanical Plant».

14-23

Authors: Ilnytskyy D. O.

The aim of the article is working out arguments concerning the ways of improving the policies of national scientific and educational space development based on identification and analysis of the main national model of university patenting. In the paper there was made a conclusion that under conditions of existence of the university patenting basic models (institutional, inventor and hybrid ones) for the past 20 years the dynamic changes have been taking place in the countries. Statistical data and those ones in the patent databases not always provide for adequate assessing the activities of universities as of institutions of the knowledge economy, which made it possible to talk about the existence of “Swedish” and “European” paradoxes. Britain and China are the most advanced countries in terms of the development of institutional models on the US example. In Ukraine there has been formed a unique for the European continent institutional model with a high role of individual inventors, which is characterized by negative manifestations. It has been proved that the countries should maintain the dialogue on sectoral priorities of openness of the university research results.

32-38

Authors: Vinnychenko O. V.

In the article the main causes impeding the development and introduction of advanced technologies for grain trading on commodity exchanges in Ukraine have been identified and structured. The generalization of existing shortcomings in operation of the domestic commodity exchanges has served the basis for the model, within which there were built: a directed graph of correlations between the above mentioned shortcomings in the operation of exchanges, the matrix of dependency and reachability. The causes have been identified and structured, the main ones being determined, which, in turn, makes it possible to carry out the correct sequence of actions and emphasize the primary issues requiring priority solutions at making management decisions in order to promote the grain exchange market. The suggested approach clearly shows the correlation between the existing causes and sequence of their elimination.

52-58

Authors: Dyuzhev V. G., Suslikov S. V

The mechanism for the formation of priorities regarding non-traditional renewable energy technologies by understanding the complex of ecological and technogenic as well as socio-economic cooperation has been offered. The priority directions due to optimization of the expenditure chain of the cycle «output — transportation — processing — accumulation — consumption — utilization of energy resources» have been identified. The comparative analysis of typical stages of the cycle “output — processing — consumption” of traditional fuel energy resources and those on the basis of non-traditional renewable energy has been conducted. The problems of developing the measurement system to assess the risk of using traditional and non-traditional renewable energy have been considered.

65-70

Authors: Perfilova O. Ye.

The article describes the results of assessing the provisions of the project «Energy Strategy of Ukraine till 2035» in terms of the validity of the main target parameters of the strategy. The assessment is based on critical rethinking of the essence of choosing certain indicators as strategic target parameters. This gave the opportunity to prove the existing rigidity of approaches to developing energy policies in Ukraine, which is confirmed by studying the national energy policy foundations in accordance with the chronology of the emergence of the state energy strategies. In order to check the validity of the provisions of the project «Energy Strategy of Ukraine till 2035» it has been proposed to use materiality guideline, as it enables to set a limit of allowable information distortion, exceedance of which becomes critical from the point of impact on the process of making strategic decisions. It has been found that the forecast balances of consuming the fuel and energy resources till 2035 were made up without taking into account the essential information about the energy intensity of GDP and its structure, which gives grounds to draw a conclusion on invalidity of some target parameters of the project.

77-85

Authors: Pronoza P. V.

The purpose of the article is to evaluate the importance of small enterprises for the economic development of Ukraine and determine priorities of their stimulation. The analysis of quantitative indicators of small businesses and their comparison with the average level of all enterprises in Ukraine as a whole allowed evaluating their importance in the development of the country. There has been identified a special role of small enterprises in Ukraine’s economy and confirmed the expediency of using tax regulation instruments aimed at their development. There was identified an insufficient efficiency level of tax regulation of small businesses in Ukraine due to using a simplified system of taxation, accounting and reporting. The basic tools used in the framework of tax regulation of small enterprises activities in international practice have been determined. Additional analysis of performance of small enterprises by types of economic activity on the basis of an integrated assessment permitted to identify priorities of using tax regulation instruments in Ukraine.

93-98

Authors: Yaremenko O. L., Nasyrov K. Z.

The article attempts to prove that under conditions of globalization there have developed objective and subjective prerequisites for forming the institutional concept of the national economy. The objective prerequisites are the newest information and communication technologies, post-industrial trends and market transformation of civilization intensified by globalization. Under such conditions instability and volatility of the institutional environment both within national economies and at the international level are observed. The aggravation of the global competition between national economies actualizes the role of such institutional factors as political system, property, public administration, economic organization, culture, etc. The subjective prerequisites are related to the fact that the institutional economic theory is currently one of the leading trends in the modern world and Ukrainian economic thought. Interest in it is explained not only by the fact that it overcomes the limitations of a number of prerequisites for the mainstream, but also because it allows considering the modern economic processes in complex.

108-114

Authors: Slava S. S., Sember S. V., Mashiko K. S., Gapak N. M.

Under current conditions in Ukraine, when the vector is directed at increasing self-sufficiency of the regions, diagnostics of structural transformations in their economic systems is a mandatory and necessary component to identify potential points of the region development. Accordingly, the purpose of the article is to study the structural trends in the economy of the Transcarpathian region and identify its leading sectors under the pre-crisis and crisis conditions, balance in dynamics of the main indicators — the volume of sales, regional value added, capital investment and the number of employees, as well as formation of the main directions in development of the regional economy. It has been revealed that for the past ten years the restructuring of the region economic did not go on too rapidly and it is still difficult to speak about a clear trend of transition to a post-industrial system. Given the current characteristics of the economy of Transcarpathia, the article defined the basic problematic aspects of its structural transformation. It allowed to determine the long-term, according to the authors, ways of “modernization” of economic processes in terms of attracting investments, increasing innovation, business activity, formation of a complete production cycle, use of alternative energy sources, implementation of the EU requirements.

121-129

Authors: Kuzmin O. Ye., Feshchur R. V., Skybinskyy O. S., Drymalovska K. V

The purpose of the article involves identification of objectives and development of instruments for product and technological diversification aimed at updating the range of products and introducing innovative technologies, which will ensure a high level of competitiveness and create preconditions for steady development of the enterprise. As a result of studying the literary sources the objectives and instruments for development of enterprises by means of product and technological diversification have been defined. The article suggests effective instruments of product and technological diversification of manufacturing, namely: the model of expansion of the product range, multi-criteria model of optimization of the product range, a modified model of Kantorovich-Koopmans for implementing new production technologies with set limits on the product output. Further research relate to formation of instruments for manufacturing diversification by means of introducing new types of production.

135-142

Authors: Markina I. А., Makhovka V. М.

The aim of the article is to investigate the threats and dangers that affect not only the management system of the tourism sector enterprises, but their safety as well. By analyzing, systematizing and summarizing the scientific works of many scientists, the essence of the concepts of “danger” and “threat” has been considered, and the classification of dangers and threats faced by tourism enterprises in an unstable environment has been carried out. As a result of the research there have been identified the main threats and dangers peculiar for subjects of tourist activity that occur in the process of operation of tourism enterprises and deficiencies in the management of material, information, human, financial and other resources of tourism enterprises. The main prospect for further research in this area is to identify the potential directions for minimizing the risks and threats that ensure not only the appropriate level of the tourism enterprise competitiveness, but its development as well.

149-155

Authors: Nazarov N.K., Zhang H.

The purpose of the research is theoretical justification and definition of major threats to financial and economic security, analyzing the condition of personnel security at the enterprise and determination of personnel loyalty at industrial enterprises. To improve the system of personnel security at industrial enterprises the impact of macro- and microenvironment factors on economic activity of the industrial enterprise has been objectively assessed, elements for forming a sympathetic attitude of the employee to the organization have been studied, the model of developing personnel loyalty has been considered. Besides, in the work there have been determined the sources of loyalty, which suggests the presence of three aspects of the employee attitude to his/her organization simultaneously: identification, involvement and loyalty. To determine loyalty of employees at the studied enterprises the article presents a questionnaire, which is a synthetic combination of three questionnaires by outstanding scientists, namely: L. Porter, J. Meyer and N. Allen, K. Kharskiy. Also the author of the article has defined four subscales of personnel loyalty characterizing: a) attitude to the organization; b) sympathy, patriotism; c) attitude to the personnel policy; d) the hidden turnover, disadaptation.

162-168

Authors: Skrynkovskyy R. M., Maksymchuk Ia. S., Kharuk K. B.

In the scientific article a system for diagnostics of the enterprise economic security is developed. It has been determined that the main business indicators for diagnostics of the enterprise economic security are: the level of the enterprise financial stability (contains the indicator for the enterprise provision with its own funds, rate of independence, financial stability indicator, current assets to equity ratio, liquid ratio, absolute liquidity ratio, current liquidity ratio); level of the enterprise production activity (calculated on the output-capital ratio, capital-labor ratio, index of workforce productivity, quality indicators of fixed assets, production potential indicator, production profitability ratio, input-output coefficient); level of organizational and administrative activities of the enterprise (takes into account the ratio of administrative expenses to the rate of increase in production volume, rate of saving of the managerial apparatus, rate of information processing); level of employee loyalty to the enterprise (calculated on the rate of personnel turnover, rate of personnel continuity, indicator of employee satisfaction, personnel development indicator, education level of employees); level of scientific and technical and innovative activity of the enterprise (including index of profitability of innovations, profitability of expenditures on research and development works); level of investment activity of the enterprise (includes index of investment profitability, rate of investment activity, rate of return on investments, rate of investment in production); level of market reliability (calculated on index of return on sales, index of return on net assets, index of marketability, level of market research). It has been identified that an important role in the context of sustainability of dynamical equilibrium, operation and development of enterprises is played by information and communication.

175-180

Authors: Shchetinina L. V., Pavlova K. O., Rudakova S. G.

The paper analyzes the significance and peculiarities of corporate culture formation for remote employees. Particular attention is paid to instruments that allow creating a team in the absence of the usual office environment. There have been defined the signs of trust manifestation that distinguish the corporate culture in a team with experience of teamwork and without such experience — a level of weakness manifestation and recognition of mistakes, presence of critics from colleagues, asking for recourse, interest in colleagues’ experience and skills. According to the signs the necessary management practices for the development and creation of the corporate culture has been offered. It is noted that the team with the experience of teamwork at the early stages acts quite consistently adhering to the declared standards, rules and basic values. However, even under these conditions, the corporate culture is growing weaker in time. And here it would be helpful to use the management practices that do not replace personal contact but are maximally close to it. All management practices are classified in accordance with the directions of the corporate culture development, namely, creation of effective social intranet, establishment of quality communication, transparent motivation and clear description of the control sequences, description and establishment of clear guidelines, development of personal effectiveness of employees, simplification of the project communication process, creation of “virtual coolers”, the philosophy of “getting into the body” of a remote employee, monitoring professional burnout, etc

187-192

Authors: Zaslavska O. I

Aim of the article is a characterization of the risks of resource provision of the banking and factors that affect them, as well as analysis and assessment of the Ukrainian banks’ activity in conditions of economical, social and political crisis. In the article there was researched the essence of resource banking risks. A definition of «risks of resource provision of a bank» was suggested. There was presented author’s classification of the risks of resource provision of a bank and were established causal connections between them. System risks faced by the banking system of Ukraine, in the context of its resource base, were analyzed. There were analyzed and investigated the causes of the outflow of deposits from the banking sector in Ukraine during the crisis. In the article were presented the dynamics of the hryvna devaluation in 2014-2015 and there were also revealed the key factors that led to its emergence and development. There was presented financial assessment of the impact of major bank risks on the economy of Ukraine, and was calculated the cumulative effect of the impact on the overall socio-economical situation of the state.

201-2017

Authors: Karcheva G. T.

The aim of the article is to study the theoretical and practical aspects of using the system-synergetic approach to the development and functioning of banking systems under conditions of financial instability. It has been grounded that the theoretical foundations for the development of banking systems are based on the system approach, according to which the banking systems belong to a class of special complex dynamic, self-motivated and open systems with an integrated structure of subsystems and functions. The study of such systems should include two aspects — system-cybernetic and system-synergetic ones. It has been proved that under stationary conditions the banking system development goes on in accordance with the systemcybernetic model, which suggests the presence of a management subsystem, which functions are performed by the central bank. Under conditions of financial instability, in the pre-crisis, crisis and post-crisis periods to study the development of banking systems the system-synergetic approach taking into account the multi-variant and alternative development of the banking system at bifurcation points is used. The criteria of the banking system entering the phase of bifurcation based on assessing the volatility of the current liabilities and possibility of building an analytical trend have been determined. The methodical approaches to evaluating the synergistic effects and level of financial stability of the banking system have been suggested, experimental calculations have been made

216-222

Authors: Pogorelenko N. P.

Any questions related to crediting processes are constantly in the focus of attention. At that analyzing the dynamics of volume of the granted credits acquires a special role, as it determines movement of outgoing financial flows both of individual banks and the banking system in terms of stability of the banking system, individual banks and economic development in general. The purpose of the article is to analyze the movement of credit flows of the domestic banking system both with relation to the selected time period and for individual intervals during this time period. With the help of wavelet analysis local peculiarities of the studied time series have been identified due to decomposition of the incoming data into two sets of data, one of which is determined by a set of approximation coefficients, and the other — by that of detail ones. Approximation coefficients generalize the trend characteristics of the studied time series and detail coefficients reveal the existing peculiarities of the studied time series. The wavelet transform as a part of wavelet analysis permitted to build a hierarchical structure of the incoming studied time series, which increased the possibility of carrying out a more detailed analysis of the studied time series. Using wavelet analysis allows specifying periods of correlation and decorrelation between individual series of the analyzed data. It permits to draw conclusions about justifying adjustments of dynamics of components in the general series of the credit volume granted to residents and create a balanced policy of the impact on the banking system activity. The subject of the further research is developing recommendations on regulation of banking activities based on wavelet analysis

231-236

Authors: Yukhymenko T. V., Lapko O. O.

The purpose of the article is to study the impact of major socio-institutional and political factors on innovative development of the banking sector and to work out practical recommendations on their regulation. The article analyzes the influence of the main socio-political and institutional factors, namely, financial literacy and legislative control, on innovative development of the banking sector. It has been determined that these factors not only affect individual participants of the banking market, but also influence the economic development of the state as a whole. The level of financial literacy in Ukraine is inadequate, which has a negative impact on banking risks and reduces perception of innovative banking services. On the other hand, insufficient development of the domestic legislation hinders innovative development of the banking sector. It has been determined that the socio-political factors depend on the degree of risk and expenditures on innovation activities of banking institutions. Therefore, state regulators face the task of ensuring effective and transparent regulatory instruments to facilitate growth of responsibility both of banking institutions and individual consumers of banking services. An important condition in this situation is creating fair competitive environment due to the optimum ratio of macro-prudential supervision and the process of deregulation of the banking market. On the other hand, banks should realize their responsibility to the state and contribute to reducing systemic risks.

244-251

Authors: Popov O. Ye., Mytrofanova A. S.

The aim of the article is to develop a system of organizational and economic support for socialization of production relations in accordance with the initial level of their development in various models of economic systems. In the article it has been revealed that formulating recommendations on socialization of production relations in such areas as social partnership development as well as improvement of joint stock, cooperative, public, individual labor property becomes possible, provided determining the initial level of industrial relations development within a specific economic system model. With this purpose in the article there has been built a system of typical characteristics of development level of industrial relations and their indicators of varying degrees of formalization, which consists of four groups. On the basis of analyzing the characteristics there was suggested a system of recommendations of the state policy on increasing the social content of industrial relations, which consists of three groups according to the initial stage of development of industrial relations — for models of economic systems with high, medium and low degree of socialization of industrial relations

258-266

Authors: Derij V. A., Kaminska T. G.

The article deals with problems of developing the accounting and analytical support of making capital investments as a basis for the development of industrial enterprises. The aim of the article is the generalization and development of organizational and methodological framework for accounting and analysis of capital investment to ensure the sustainable development of enterprises and the national economy as a whole. In the article the analysis of the current state of fixed assets of enterprises, the need of economic entities for making capital investments has been performed, their volumes and the accounting and analytical support have been determined. The accounting interpretation of the concept of «capital investment» by studying the genesis of scientific views on it has been defined. The features of accounting and analysis of capital investments at domestic enterprises have been studied. Based on the results of the conducted research there have been identified the key accounting and analytical approaches to making capital investments, which will contribute to the sustainable development of industrial enterprises and ensure their maximum efficiency.

275-280

Authors: Ryndzak O. T.

The aim of the article is to develop certain theoretical aspects of studying adaptation of migrants, as well as to identify the most pressing problems of socio-economic adaptation of forcedly displaced persons in Kharkov (based on the results of a sociological survey). The paper clarifies the essence of the concepts of adaptation and integration of migrants. Among the considered in the work models of adaptation (integration, assimilation, segregation, marginalization) the model of integration is defined as the most optimal for an individual and the whole society. The results of the survey of forcedly displaced persons in Kharkiv showed that the most acute problem for them is the lack of their own housing. The next in the rating of importance there appeared the problems of lack of: money for the most necessary things, work in general and the necessary clothes. In solving their problems forcedly displaced people mainly rely on themselves and on the support of the relatives. In whole the study found positive trends in socio-cultural adaptation of forced migrants. Thus, almost half of them felt important or partial positive changes in their attitude to local residents. In addition, the attitude of Kharkivites to them was currently estimated by the respondents as completely or mostly friendly. Despite this majority of the respondents are eager to return to their small motherland. Their decision and further actions depend on the establishment of peace and territorial integrity of Ukraine. The results of the study described in the article should be taken into account when solving the problems associated with the forced internal migration. The development of scientifically based program of integration and reintegration of internally displaced persons is the prospect of further research on this issue.

289-300

Authors: Zhuravel K. V., Masalygina V. V.

The aim of the article is to improve the methods for evaluating the effectiveness of management decisions on the use of immovable property in rail industry based on a scientifically based system of indicators of the managing company performance and the state of the immovable property and an adequate way of “convolution” of these indicators into the integral one. As a result of the research it has been proposed to improve the existing methods of evaluating the effectiveness of management decisions in the following directions: changing the method of forming the integral index to a scientifically sound and proper one; improving the system of performance indicators of immovable property management by four component groups (management and human resource, financial and economic, marketing, production), taking into account the principles of completeness, but not redundancy; changing the method of measuring indicators and, accordingly, their borders into science-based and proper ones. Using this technique will allow making reasonable decisions on the transfer of the rail industry objects to the management of a professional management company, choosing from a number of companies the most effective one specifically to manage a particular object (objects) of the rail industry immovable property. It has been proved that an important component of reforming the railway industry in the market conditions is the formation of an effective system of immoveable property management and development of professional form of managing the industry immovable property. Increasing the efficiency of immovable property management allows receiving the maximum benefit from using each object of property

309-316

Authors: Lukianenko І. H., Oliskevych М. О.

In conditions of unstable economic development of the national economy the analysis of labour market and forecast of employment and unemployment rate dynamics is of primary importance for social responsibility provision and social risks reduction in society. The purpose of the research is the empirical analysis of nonlinear dynamics of registered unemployment rate in Ukraine in conditions of increased risks and asymmetry of information and the development of corresponding complex of nonlinear threshold autoregressive models. Methodology approach is based on methods of economic theory and economic and mathematical tools. Econometric methods of analysis of nonlinear time series with non-traditional functions of distribution have been used. In the result of the empirical investigation the application of threshold autoregressive models has been justified and the row of nonlinear econometric specifications that help to explain asymmetric dynamics of unemployment has been evaluated. The resulting threshold function and value of threshold parameter, estimated on the basis of real information, determine the branching of TAR model into two different modes of behaviour that in different ways characterise dynamics of unemployment growth and fall and allow forecasting the phases of employment fall and growth in the short term. Application of the developed nonlinear econometric models of registered unemployment rate dynamics adds to characteristics of labour sector in Ukraine and allows forecasting more precisely the effects of government measures in the sphere. The defined nonlinear character of dynamics of unemployment rate certifies non-Walrasian features of labour market in Ukraine and reveals its uneven and asymmetric cyclic behaviour

322-335

Authors: Rayevnyeva O. V., Aksyonova I. V.

The purpose of the article is to develop a methodological approach to evaluating and predicting the number of prospective applicants to universities of III-IV level of accreditation in the changing demographic situation and the drop in the level of higher education attractiveness, which is aimed at improving both the efficiency of the provided educational services as well as prestige of university graduates in the labor market. The analysis of literary sources on the problem of forecasting the number of prospective university applicants showed that this issue is considered from the standpoint of the three markets: the market of educational services, labor market and market of the population preferences concerning higher education. There has been developed a methodical approach to forecasting the number of potential university applicants, which is based on analyzing the demographic situation in the country and assessing the education market development. The analysis allowed to make a conclusion that it is appropriate to forecast the number of prospective applicants to universities of III-IV level of accreditation taking into account the identified trends in the birth rate and factor of higher education attractiveness. On this basis a technique for evaluating the demand for services of higher education establishments has been formed and rules of recognition and estimation of the forecast situation have been developed. Prospects for further studies in this direction are forecasting the need for specialists with higher education by types of economic activities and formation on this basis of the number of allocated state-funded places

342-351

Authors: Sysoiev V. V.

Logistical character of the process of supplying the forces of the state security and defense sector in conditions of the market economy predetermines using the mechanism of logistics management, which ensures formation of logistical flows, systems and chains by means of system integration and spatial-temporal balancing of the flow processes due to the global optimization of resources in the unified system of logistics. The developed concept of simulation is based on the system of conceptual provisions reflecting the characteristic features of the logistics supply management, principles and objectives of its simulation, describes the variety of approaches and techniques of simulating the architecture of the unified logistics system and management of the logistics processes in the field of supply in view of their flow character and interaction. The system of multi-level simulation, which combines in the holistic multi-step process of research and improvement of logistics supply management the conceptual, structural, functional and evaluation models directed at the solving the tasks of logistics management, has been offered. There has been determined the complex of models providing a display of basic parameters and characteristics of the unified logistics system and supply process taking into account the relationship of their components and the key factors of influence, knowledge of their nature, organization and operation, search for effective solutions and achievement of the logistics management objectives on maintaining the maximal possible levels of ability of organized entities of the forces of the state security and defense sector to carry out their missions by means of minimizing logistics costs and improving the customer service quality under the given conditions of the unified system of logistics.

359-367

Authors: Iastrebova G. S., Zaruba Ie. P.

In the work there has been justified the urgency of modeling the distribution of the work force in the context of increasing the competitive advantages of Ukraine’s economy in the world markets and reducing the budget deficit; the current state of work force management has been analyzed and its existing models have been studied. The balance, econometric and simulation methods for modeling the work force distribution have been offered. The work force distribution by industries of the national economy based on building models of interindustry balance according to the Ukrainian economy data has been studied. The Holt model has been built, which allowed forecasting the work force development and identifying perspective industries in terms of the work force redistribution. On the basis of the concept of system dynamics a simulation model of the work force distribution and formation of legal and shadow GDP has been developed. With the help of the simulation experiments there has been confirmed the hypothesis about the possibility of improving the production efficiency and reducing the share of shadow economy by reallocating the work force from the intangible sector to the real one. The perspective directions of the national economy development and basic measures to prevent the further shadowization of the economy have been suggested.

6

Authors: Solodovnik O. O.

The article aims to formulate the author’s own approach to presentation of the content of financial and economic security of the public-private partnership on the basis of analysis and generalization of the existing research into the financial and economic security of agents of varying levels of the management hierarchy and the character of the public-private partnership. Studying scientific works dealing with the questions of financial and economic security allowed affirming that there is certain fragmentariness in formation of the terminology for ensuring the financial and economic security for agents of varying levels of the management hierarchy in modern research, whereas the general notion of “financial and economic security” still remains insufficiently studied. This study substantiated the reasonability of singling out a new manifestation of financial and economic security, namely financial and economic security of the public-private partnership; the author proposed to introduce the terms “financial and economic security of the public partner” and “financial and economic security of the private partner” into the scientific use and formulated the author’s own viewpoint on the essence of the notions; the study also substantiated the necessity of developing a comprehensive methodology for the strategic protection of financial and economic interests of parties to the public-private partnership. Prospects for further research in this area consist in clarification of the essence and content of the strategic protection of the interests of partiesto the public-private partnership.

7

Authors: Yaroshenko I. V., Semigulina I. B.

The article discusses methodological approaches to creation and maintenance of the system of monitoring of the socioeconomic development of Ukrainian regions. Ensuring stability of the socioeconomic development of regions requires efficient organizational management based on constant monitoring and evaluation of the current socioeconomic state of the region with a view to updating the managerial decision-making and determining the future development prospects. Organization of such monitoring allows establishing the relations between the indicators of the socioeconomic development of the region and responding to negative trends in these indicators in a timely manner. The system of monitoring and evaluation of the socioeconomic development of Ukrainian regions based on the methodological recommendations proposed in this work is time-efficient, dynamic, and flexible; it demonstrates the existing variations in the level of the socioeconomic development of regions within the studied time frame. The proposed methodological approaches to creation of the system of monitoring and evaluation of the development of the region allow virtually real-time independent assessment of trends in the development of its socioeconomic state, obtaining information on the state of the business climate in the real sector of the economy and its possible changes, promptly analyzing the financial state of the region and the most essential factors that determine the regional socioeconomic policy.

10

Authors: Buleev I. P

Using the current economic concepts as a basis, this study analyzes the state of the Ukrainian economy. The study allowed singling out the primary factors that have led the economy and society to a systemic socioeconomic crisis. These include: using institutions that do not correspond to the mentality of society and the population; private capitalistic relations; oligarchic property and removal of citizens from ownership and management; weakness of the civil society and the middle class; low level of protectedness of citizens and their property; weakness of elites, etc. The article also proposes recommendations for elimination of the existing defects, ways of overcoming the economic crisis.