International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water

Number 04, 2016

99-99
Editors of International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water

Authors: IJGSW

Abstract

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Number of views: 681

Editors of IJGSW © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

100-133
The Petroleum Geology of the Cretaceous Formations in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

Authors: M.Hamed Metwalli; Naeema B.Khouri

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The Early Cretaceous/Thamama Group is a major oil-bearing carbonate sequence which represents the economically most important reservoir unit in the studied area. The structural pattern of this part of the Arabian Shield is relatively simple with prevailing gentle folding and warping, which formed and modeled the major reservoir – traps "aggregated reservoirs" in Abu Dhabi area. The distinctive structural style is together with the tripartite development of the source–reservoir–seal. Two petroleum systems are identified in the Cretaceous successions and two major source rocks have been predicted. The development of an exploration model for the studied lithostratigraphic section requires an understanding of the source and migration conduits in the two identified petroleum systems. Accordingly, this paper is an additive effort to clarify the petroleum geology of the United Arab Emirates area. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

134-152
The Petroleum Bearing Formations in the Western Desert of Egypt and East Libya–Are They Correlatable?

Authors: M. Hamed Metwalli

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Many speculations have been raised among geologists in Egypt in the sixties of the 20th century about the so-called relation between the petroleum-bearing section in East Libya and the lithostratigraphic petroleum-bearing section in the Northwestern Desert of Egypt.These geological speculations did not take into consideration the stratigraphic and tectonic frameworks in the Sirte embayment and the North western corner of the Egyptian Western Desert which is referred to as the Siwa Basin (Egypt). The tectonic frameworks of 'both basins were the result of basement tectonics magnitude and attitude and their differential echo, which governed the modeling of these sedimentary basins. This concept will clarify, or at least should modify, the former speculations about the hydrocarbon -bearing rock units in the Western Desert of Egypt and East Libya petroleum basins in general. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

153-162
Study on the Preparation and Properties of a Novel Photocatalytic Foam Concrete

Authors: Fu Shifeng; Zhang Guangtian; Song Yang

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The preparation method of the new type of foam concrete board was studied. The influence of different amount of fly ash on the compressive strength, water absorption and thermal conductivity of foamed concrete was studied. The experimental results show that under the same bulk density, the 28 day compressive strength of foamed concrete increases with the increase of the content of fly ash, and the compressive strength is the highest when the amount of fly ash is 30%, and the strength of the case of the larger design weight is smaller. And the water absorption rate is as the increase of the amount of fly ash and the overall tends to decline, and in the design of bulk density of 600 kg•m-3, water cement ratio is 0.42, the amount of fly ash is 30%, the water absorption rate of foam concrete. The thermal conductivity of foamed concrete has no obvious effect on the thermal conductivity, which can reduce the thermal conductivity of concrete, and the minimum thermal conductivity is 0.55 w•( m•K)-1. the influence of different dosage of silica fume, water absorption, thermal conductivity, different dosage and different time on the degradation rate is discussed. The results show that, with the increase of silica fume, the compressive strength of foamed concrete is increased by 28 days, and the strength of foamed concrete can be improved by 10%. And the water absorption rate of the whole tends to decrease with the increase of the amount of silica fume, and the water absorption rate of foamed concrete is greatly reduced when the amount of silica fume is 10%. When mixed with 10%, the thermal conductivity of concrete is reduced, the thermal conductivity of the concrete is 0.62 w / (m•K). The degradation rate increased with the increase of the amount of titanium dioxide, and the degradation rate was 96% in 80 hours when the amount of nano-TiO2 was 0.9. In the specimen curing time, the shorter the spraying time, the better the degradation rate. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

163-172
The Role of Geotechnical Site Investigations on the Lekki Toll Road Infrastructure Project in Lagos, Nigeria

Authors: Christian Azuka Olele

Abstract

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Number of views: 490

A spell of increased prosperous economic activities and increase in population within the Eti-Osa - Ibeju-Lekki Environs will result in increased traffic volumes which will in-turn stress the existing trunk highway leading to the government’s decision to upgrade the existing Lekki – Epe highway Infrastructure. With its natural history, infrastructure construction in urban context, particularly the construction of the Lekki Toll Road which entails widening of an existing highway, can require significant phasing and sequencing of temporary works in order to deliver the permanent solution with the constrained environment. The first 20km of the expressway up to Ajah Community is characterised by very heavy traffic with significant encroachment of the RoW by numerous small businesses. Most, if not all of these businesses, may be occupying the Row without legal ownership of the land. However, upgrade of the existing Lekki – Epe expressway infrastructure involves the provision of additional traffic lanes to facilitate increase traffic flow and relieve congestion. Invariably, the highway cuts across significant development where acquisition of additional land would require major public consultation. These spatial constrain generally resulted in the requirement for new traffic lanes, pedestrian bridges and traffic circles to be constructed within the government gazetted and published right of way (Row). In a typical fast developing environment, the implementation of the life cycle of a project of this nature entails collaboration efforts between Lagos State Government (LASG), Lekki Concession Company Ltd (LCC), and Hitech Construction Company Ltd (Hitech). For the implementation of the associated works for the project, pedestrian bridges, roads, traffic cycles and toll plazas would be constructed and the need for geotechnical investigation works is necessary prior to the commencement of construction. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

Number 03, 2016

59-70
Study on the Small Gravity Erosion on the Gully

Authors: Yang Jishan

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Number of views: 396

Gravity erosion is active in the hilly-gully region of Loess Plateau which contributes large amount of sediment by conveying much earth into the valleys. Field observation on the gravity erosion was carried out in Qiaogou watershed. Erosion pins were used to measure erosion rate on the gully slope, and shear tests were done to discuss the effecting factors of the gravity erosion. Field survey showed that mainly small gravity erosions were occurred in Qiaogou watershed and which produce much sediment. Three types of small gravity erosion types, including loess grain fall, mass fall and slump, were measured, and their effecting factors were discussed. Study shows that the small gravity erosion are mainly controlled by the slope gradient, rainfall, weathering, etc. These influence factors can reduce the internal friction angle and cohesion of the intact loess and therefore lead to lowering the critical depth of the gravity erosion on the slope, this can explain the occurrence of the shallow gravity erosions on the slopes. Gravity erosion has different intensity in different evolution stages of the gully, so it is possible to estimate the intensity of gravity erosion by the evolution stages of the gully. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

71-80
The Numerical Simulation of a Coal Mining Based on the 3D Geologic Model

Authors: Zhang Mei; Meng Da

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Number of views: 463

According to the geological drilling data of a mine area, established the 3D geological model of the mine area. Drawn the sectional view from the model and compared with the actual mining exploration line sectional view, verify the reliability of the model. Based on the multi-layer DEM 3D geological model, proceed simulation in the excavation of the tunnel using the method of advanced excavation. Got the initial gravity field, the calculate results of deferent work layer advance distance. The results showed: When the work layer advanced 200-975m, fault had no effect on mining. When advanced to 990m (from the fault F3 25m), the damage area caused by the mining has been through to the fault, if the working layer keep advance to the fault, it’s highly probable to happen roof fall, sudden water accidents. It can be inferred, to NO.9 coalbed first mining face, it should reserve 25 ~ 10m coal pillars at the F3 fault to prevent accidents. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/

89-98
Study on the Phase Characteristics of the Collocation Relationship Between Runoff and Sediment in the Slop-Gully System

Authors: Wang Jia-xin; Gao Hui-qiao; Yang Chun-xia; Fan-Dongming; Wu Qing; Yang Ji-shan

Abstract

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Number of views: 427

Slope-gully system is the basic unit to study the erosion regularity and arrange the soil and water conservation measures. The study on the phase characteristics of the collocation relationship between runoff and sediment is very important for arranging soil and water conservation measures of adaptation to local condition. Based on the Key Laboratory of Yellow River Sediment Research of Ministry of Water Resources, the paper analyzed the process of runoff and sediment production in the slop-gully system of the soil erosion and the phase characteristics of the collocation relationship between runoff and sediment in the 3 different rainfall intensities by using the artificial rainfall simulation test method. The results showed that: (1)Under the condition of a certain underlying surface, there is a critical point in the process of soil erosion in the slope-gully system. Less than the certain rainfall intensity, the runoff and sediment yield increased greatly with the increasing rainfall intensity. Over the certain rainfall intensity, the increasing degree of runoff and sediment yield and the velocity of erosion evolution slowed down. (2) The rainfall intensity and rainfall are important factors for affecting the process of erosion and sediment yield. And the effect of rainfall intensity on runoff and sediment yield is even greater than the rainfall. (3)The collocation relationship between the runoff and sediment in the slop-gully system of the quasi shallow gully erosion stage was significantly different from that of sheet erosion stage and rill erosion stage. And with the same runoff yield, sediment yield increased significantly. Therefore, the soil and water conservation measures should be arranged according to the erosion development stage and the rainfall characteristics. © International Journal of Ground Sediment & Water, @ Sun Jichao. The website is https://ijgsw.eu.org/ http://ijgsw.net/