INMATEH - Agricultural Engineering

6

Authors: Kozelko Y., Usenko M.

The advantages and disadvantages of different designs of potato-planter apparatus are analyzed. A new design of the conveyor potato-planter apparatus with pinning devices is presented. The performances of potato-planters with this apparatus are defined, namely deviation from straightness of planted rows and deviation from the specified row width depending on the angle of slope and soil moisture

6

Authors: Hevko Iv.B., Dychun A.Y., Lyashuk O.L., Martsenko, Gypka A.B.

In this article the results of theoretical research of power parameters while forming the deflected outer contour of acrew workpiece are analysed in this article. The design of disk digger for cleaning the disks’ working surfaces isworked out. The advances of Г-shaped auger cleanersare substantiated. The power and kinematic computationof the suggested auger cleaners of disk digger of rootcrops is carried out.

8

Authors: Klendii M.B. , Klendii O.M.

A holistic analytical model of a concave disk, which is arranged in a three-dimensional coordinate system with a given direction of unit motion along OY-axis, has been developed. It includes the design parameters of a disk and the depth of soil tillage. An interrelation between an incidence angle and a roll angle of a disk under a set value of a back angle at field surface level has been determined.

8

Authors: Ivan Gh.

The researches regarding the threshing process made by tangential threshing system of conventional harvester combines had as result the obtaining of mathematical models, based on experimental data, expressed through functions that partially define this process. Moreover, for the threshing systems with multiple rotors, the mathematical modelling of threshing process made by them is more difficult. This paper presents a mathematical model of the threshing process made by the threshing system with multiple rotors of the Romanian combine C110ATM. The mathematical model was based on the experimental data gathered by INMA Bucharest in 2001.

8

Authors: Cardei P., Muraru V., Sfiru R., Muraru C., Ticu T.

This paper shows the role of numerical simulation of physical processes in the environmental awareness and education, emphasizing the right choice of its complexity depending on the level of depth at which should or can be done the exposure. The authors insist on the important role incumbent on incremental simulation (based on mathematical models as simple as possible) in environmental awareness and even in higher education field. The jump to complex simulators can be done only after knowing (which means to know a model and a simulator, that we will try to explain in the paper) the basic models, and the use of complex simulation is effective only within specialist teams including at least 2 -3 or more related fields. These views are supported in the paper with simulators and their use in practical case of pollution of a river simulation.

10

Authors: Zhou Shanshan, Liu Wenzhao, Lin Wen

Less and varied soil-water supply is the main limiting factor for crop production in the Loess Plateau of China. A field study on dryland spring maize was conducted to investigate the effects of plastic film mulching practice on maize growth, yield, water use efficiency (WUE), soil water storages (SWS) and the ratio of transpiration to evapotranspiration (T/ET) on the Changwu Tableland of the Loess Plateau in 2013. The T characteristics of maize were measured using the sap flow method. Results showed that plastic film mulching treatment had a seedling emergence rate of 98.1%, which was significantly higher than the 80.2% of the non-mulching treatment. Maize plants reached every growth stage earlier and the whole growth period was shortened by 14 days under plastic film mulching. Soil water storage was markedly higher in plastic mulching field than in non-mulching field before July. However, at reproductive stages soil water content within the 40-150 cm profile was lower under plastic film mulching because of relatively enhancement of root water absorption. The daily mean ET under plastic mulching was lower than that under non-mulching, whereas the daily mean T was the opposite. The T/ET of maize was 68.1% under non-mulching and 85.5% under plastic mulching from July to September. Under the same LAI, the T/ET of plastic mulcingh was greater than that under non-mulching conditions. The plastic mulching decreased ET but increased WUE by 89.8%. It was concluded that plastic mulching is beneficial for increasing available water and improving the yield of maize on the Loess Plateau.

10

Authors: Hu Jun, LI Hailiang, Song Yujie, Zhang Haibo, Zhang Zhongxuan, Khokan Kumer Sarker

In order to solve the problem consisting in the large amount of energy consuming of stubble-breaking cultivating machines, according to the current cultivation mode in the northeast China and the conservation tillage agriculture technical requirements, a self-driven stubble-breaking combined cultivating machine that can work with big-power tractors has been designed. Also, there were designed the transmission system, cutting stumbles device and self-driven wheel on the basis of calculating the size and analyzing the track of the moving parts; the speed range of stubble cutter shaft is 904~1365rad/min. Experiment results showed that the machine’s cutting stubbles rate is 92.30%, mashing clods rate is 95.03%, saved fuel consumption is about 25.3~33.8%, function and technology meet the requirements of corn no-till seeding of ridge culture area in northeast China. The results of the study have a great significance in reducing the agricultural equipment energy consumption, providing reference for the study of the corresponding high efficiency and energy saving of equipment.