International Journal of Engineering and Techniques

1-8

Authors: - Muthuraj, Ravi kumar.M, Keerthiprasad.K.S

Composites are engineered materials made from two or more constituents with different physical or chemical properties, which remain separate and distinct within the finished structure. A fiber is a material, which is made into a long filament with diameter generally in the order of 10 microns. The aspect ratio of length to diameter can be ranging from thousands to infinity in continuous fibers. Increasing worldwide environmental awareness is encouraging scientific research into the development of cheaper, more environmentally friendly and more sustainable construction and packing materials. For environment concern on synthetic fiber (such as glass, carbon, ceramic gibers etc) natural fibers (such as flax, hemp, jute, kenai) etc are widely used. Industrial hemp fiber is one of the strongest of the natural fibers available and possesses benefits such as low cost and low production energy requirements. The primary objective of this research is to fabricate the natural fiber composites with suitable processing/manufacturing methods and to examine the mechanical properties when subjected to Tension, Bending and to compare & contrast the results with the available literature. In this research work, hemp fiber reinforced Epoxy matrix composites have been developed by hand layup method with varying process parameters, such as coupling agent(with and without compatibilizers) and different fiber percentages (10%,20% and 30% by weight). The developed composites were then characterized by tensile test and flexural testing. Results show that the tensile strength and flexural properties increases with the increase in fiber percentage. However after a certain percentage the tensile strength decreases again. Compared to untreated hemp fiber, no significant changes in the tensile strength have been observed for treated hemp fiber reinforcement. The flexural strength / modulus of the composite were higher compared to pure epoxy for all filler/fiber loadings.

42-51

Authors: - Maha M. A. Lashin, Ahmed A. Barakat , Ahmed M. Makady ,Ahmed M. Aly

In order to overcome the self-excited vibrations in internal turning (chatter) a new design for boring bar was introduced, which depends on using the workpiece in supporting the boring bar using intermediate rolling elements. The system bears the loads under the action of a hydraulic pressure, which at a certain value prove to have a significant effect on the system chatter tendency.In the present paper, a gear pump driven by a DC motor system is designed to control the pressure of the supporting hydraulic system. The pump-motor system model was created in MATLAB/ SIMULINK simulation and then a fuzzy logic control system (FLC) is designed to control the pressurized oil for keeping it less or equal to 4 bars to save the self-excited vibrations within the desired limits.

60-64

Authors: - Lakshmi K R, Kavitha Issac , Kiran Boby

Extremely high duty cycle of boost converter may result in higher conduction losses. To achieve a high conversion ratio without operating at extremely high duty ratio, some converters based on transformers or coupled inductors or tapped inductors have been provided. However, the leakage inductance in the transformer, coupled inductor or tapped inductor will cause high voltage spikes in the switches and reduce system efficiency. A novel single switch cascaded dc-dc converter of boost and buck boost converters have extended voltage conversion ratio to d/(1-d) 2 . The features of the converter are high voltage gain; only one switch for realizing the converter, the number of magnetic components is small etc. So comparing with other topologies cascaded converter is more effective. Simulation of the converter for a dc input voltage and fixed duty cycle was done, and the same was verified experimentally for a low input voltage. The software used for simulation was MatlabR2014a.

80-87

Authors: - P. R. Shinde , Dr. K. B. Kale

n automobile sector wheel rim is one of the important part which are used as protection for passengers from collision. There are number of wheel test are available in designing of rim to fulfill the safety requirements and standards. The aim of this study was to analyze and study the structure for car wheel rim by using the numerical method. The most of the test procedure has to comply with international standards, which establishes minimum mechanical requirements and impact collision characteristics of wheels. Numerical implementation of impact test is convenient for shorten the design time and lower development cost. In this study cast aluminium alloy wheel rim are used for simulation of impact test by using 3–D explicit finite element methods. The design of aluminium alloy wheel for automobile application which is carried out and paying special attention to optimization of the shape and mass of the wheel rim according to aesthetical point of view, to overcome the wheel cap. A finite element model of the wheel with its tire and striker were developed taking account of the nonlinearity material properties. Simulation was conducted to study the stress and displacement distributions during impact test. The analyses results are presented as a function of time. The study is carried under the above constraints and the results are taken to carryout for further analysis i.e. shape and weight optimization of the wheel

100-106

Authors: - Miss Kirti. S. Kakade , Prof. P. A. Narwade

Pins require very little service and total failure seldom occurs. Wear, pitting, and scoring are the usual troubles encountered with pins. In this paper, going to apply induction hardening process on pins and its comparison will be done with existing pins. Different hardening thickness or case depth will be applied and analysis will be done to interpret the results. Case depth of 1mm, 2mm or 2.5mm will be taken in induction hardening process. Caterpillar 320dl excavator model is taken for study. Material used for the pins is EN8 grade of steel. And different material used for the pin for analysis purpose will be bronze alloy, Titanium. The main objective in this project is to determine the appropriate induction hardening case depth to be used in manufacturing pins.Three- dimension models of pins used in excavator will be created using CatiaV5 software, meshing will be done using Hypermesh and Ansys will be used to analyze the stress status on the pins. The maximum deformation, maximum stress point and dangerous areas are found by the stress analysis

116-112

Authors: - R. Kasilingam, R.Narayanan ,.R.Vijayram

Evolution of automobile production has been driven by competitive materials. Light-weight alloys are continuously developed as most sustainable for automotive sector. Aluminum is being used as a successful material in automotive applications due to its low weight, higher strength, good corrosion resistance and formability to suit different design requirements. Since aluminium has the potential to be used as replacement of the current automotive materials like steel and cast iron, its demand has increased greatly. In a further development aluminium metal matrix composites (MMCs) were developed and these have improved wear resistance, high fatigue strength and better thermal stability, as compared with those of aluminum. In automobile sector, wear is a major problem, specifically in engineering assemblies and materials used for this purpose should have good tribological properties. To this effect Al MMCs have attracted significant attraction since they have improved wear resistance. Metal matrix composites are usually produced with secondary particles in the form of either continuous or discontinuous fiber or particles. From the viewpoint of good mechanical properties aluminium matrix is generally reinforced by oxide or carbide, nitride or boride ceramics (like Al 2 O 3 , SiC, Si 3 N 4 , TiC, TiB 2 . Reinforcement of the matrix with only one of these reinforcements may not yield desired properties and the matrix may need to be augmented with other reinforcements also. Graphite and SiC are the reinforcements used widely in automotive industries to achieve better mechanical and tribological properties and dampen the vibrations with less operational costs. Aluminum metal matrix composite can be produced by various methods including powder metallurgy, conventional casting technology, etc. Among the casting methods semisolid processing of composites yields better mechanical strength. This review deals with various manufacturing methods of metal matrix composites processing and insight on semisolid processing and its process parameters.

130-133

Authors: - Pooja Mangla, Dr. Sandip Kumar Goyal

Cloud computing is a new computing paradigm that, just as electricity was firstly generated at home and evolved to be supplied from a few utility providers, aims to transform computing into a utility. It is a mapping strategy that efficiently equilibrates the task load into multiple computational resources in the network based on the system status to improve performance. The objective of this research paper is to show the results of Hybrid DEGA, in which GA is implemented after DE.

141-145

Authors: - Zuraidah Tharo, Andysah Putera Utama Siahaan, Noorly Evalina

To solve the loss of power in the household, we need a tool that is capable of supplying the power source voltage. One of the tools is the inverter, so the author aims to analyze how the effects of the use of the appliance inverter if saddled with the burden of energy-saving lamps as lighting in residences. The method used is by measuring along with an analysis of calculation given load whenever inverter energy- saving lamps with varying power to determine the change in the electrical quantities to be analyzed. This research reached at the time of getting the highest load of 203W; cos φ light weight using the inverter much better, reaching 0.93 compared without using an inverter which is just 0.68 as well as current and load power consumed by the use of the much smaller inverter. For example, only 0,76A and 135,63A compared to the load current and power without the use of inverters that achieve 1,3A and 185,64W

159-163

Authors: - Pramod Kumar

The typical three path propagation and anti jamming capability associated with DSSS were carried out through the combination of Lab VIEW and MATLAB 7.8. At the transmitter, the NRZ data stream is first mapped into BPSK symbols and then spread-out using different PN code like Hadamard code, Gold or Kasami sequences. And we see that single user is not total utilization band. Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) techniques are used same bandwidth Number of user to increase, and we see that better performance. That we can say Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum techniques is reused to bandwidth. And we can say that in this techniques power loss is low, anti jamming capability is less and system is more reliable. Furthermore, BPSK-Spreading transceiver should be analyzed for their performance, multipath scenario and interference whether under AWGN channel which show that these has been overcome effectively and attain more robust performance, when using direct sequence spread spectrum.