Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences

12-17

Authors: Emmanuel Folorunso Bamidele, Olusegun Ojo Bakare

This study investigated the impediments on the implementation of Computer Science Education (CSE) curriculum in public secondary schools in Osun state, Nigeria. It assessed the extent to which CSE curriculum had been implemented in Osun State public secondary schools. It also determined the availability and quality of computer teachers in public secondary schools in the State. It further determined the availability of computer facilities in public secondary schools in the state and examined stake-holders attitude towards the non-implementation of CSE curriculum in public schools in the State. 60 teachers were randomly selected from the six educational zones in the State. Data were collected using a questionnaire titled ‘Computer Science Education Curriculum Implementation Questionnaire (CSECIQ). The findings of the study showed that the extent of CSE curriculum implementation in the State was very low (18.33%) at the Secondary school level. It further showed that there were available and qualified computer science teachers in the schools (78.30%). However, result further revealed that there were no computer facilities in the schools and lastly it revealed that the attitude of stakeholders to CSE curriculum implementation in the state is poor. The study concluded that a lot of factors are responsible for the low implementation of Computer Education in the public secondary schools in Osun state of Nigeria. The major factor is the non provision of Computer facilities in the public schools for teaching and learning despite the government knowledge of the importance of computer science education in fostering technological advancement of the state and the nation at large.

23-30

Authors: Rufina C. Rosaroso, Cherile Yap, Sunliegh Gador

This study intended to describe the institutional initiatives of the selected Higher Education Institutions‟ (HEIs) key informants in preparation for the internationalization of education. Further, it would provide insights and baseline data to HEIs in line with implementation of this academic endeavour. In-depth interviews were conducted to the key informants such as university presidents, deans, department chairs for pertinent data collection. Aside from in-depth interviews, researchers„ observations and naturalistic inquiries served as instruments for data gathering. Further, documents such as articles and newspaper clips served as additional sources of data. Triangulation was used in the study to cross-check the researchers‟ observations, key informants‟ interview responses and articles/documents from newspaper clippings. Findings indicated that there were some HEI administrators who were proactive, reactive and passive towards internationalization of education. Among the three core functions of HEIs, instruction had relatively more international initiatives to include invitations of resource speakers on current trends and pedagogies, faculty and student mobility and curriculum realignment based on international frameworks. Research initiatives were geared towards international publication, capability building and involvement in international conferences and fora for some faculty researchers. On community service, HEIs’ initiatives were yet into local community service but slowly building up partnerships through international linkages.

38-45

Authors: Rufina C. Rosaroso, Irish Dakay, Raymund Sarmiento

This is a qualitative study where grounded theory was used as a research method. The generative questions guided the researchers in the identification of relationships between core theoretical concepts and data. The key analytic strategies used were coding for categorizing data in providing the implications and details of the identified themes/patterns and integrative diagram to inductively collect all the data which helped in “making sense of data” with respect to the emerging theory. Further, in-depth interviews were conducted to the key informants such as university presidents, deans, department chairs for pertinent data collection. Aside from in-depth interviews, documents such as articles and newspaper clips served as additional sources of data. The transcribed data were based from identified theoretical concepts where Higher Education Institutions’ (HEIs) Strategy Formulation Framework emerged. This model is composed of three key factors that serve as mechanism for internationalization of education namely; reformed organizational programs (policies, mission-vision), responsiveness to global needs (accreditation to international standards), and active/strong linkages (student and faculty exchange, visiting professors). Since the three factors are within the control of HEIs, change can emanate from within themselves. Thus, they can strategize to aim for change in research, instruction and extension while the stakeholders in government agencies are working on reforms and policies at the national level.

51-59

Authors: David R. Perez, Leonita D. Dela Rosa

The study dealt with the ritual dances of the Tagbanuas in Palawan as bases for the development of teaching materials. Likewise, this query tried to document the ritual dances of the Tabanuas. Descriptive, descriptive comparative and ethnographic methods of research, the writer gathered data from fifty Tagbanuas whose ages were 60 and above and 150 young tagbanuas. Researcher made questionnaire and interview guide were used as data gathering instruments. This was supplemented by observation and participation techniques. The findings revealed that there were seven rituals that required dances. These were the pagluluma or pa’dong, tindeg, kabaraan or pagdidiwata, wedding rites like the Soriano, sungrod, compleano, taming and runsay. The ritual dances were associated to healing, thanksgiving and entertainment. They depicted the lives of the Tagbanuas. The ritual dances were used to these was to communicate to their dead relatives to help them cure the sick. Also this was used to communicate to their tiladmanen to bless and protect them. Some of the ritual dances were used for entertainment and the Tagbanuas closeness to nature. The Tagbanuas used local materials in their dances; movements were mostly hand gestures and footwork. These were performed with no specific time to end. The young generation of Tagbanuas were not so familiar with most of their ritual dances, they had favorable attitude towards their preservation. on this aspect, it is recommended that efforts should be undertaken by the Tagbanuas themselves to preserve Teaching materials that were developed should be reproduced to use by the teachers in the locality and perhaps by those whose interest focus on the culture, customs and traditions of the indigenous people particularly the Tagbanuas.

68-73

Authors: Temidayo Onojobi

Many literary scholarships have examined various forms of oppression particularly in many feminist African narratives with French expression. Undoubtedly, women have been subordinate to men. As a matter of fact, patriarchy which has coloured every aspect of women’s space including repressive traditions and obnoxious cultures have made the male feel more strongly and more readily-to manifest macho behaviour in any given situation required for attainment of dominance in a hierarchy of male-female relationship. It is against this backdrop that the article seeks to explore various approaches to women freedom highlighted by Myriam Warner-Vieyra such that if such approaches are applied to real life situation, patriarchal tendencies will be contained in a male centred African states. Myriam Warner-Vieyra’s Juletane is employed as our tool of analysis. The Theory of Non- violence and violence shall be our theoretical creed. The paper shall be treated under the following headings: Feminism and women liberation. Women liberation strategies, Violent and non- violent theories, Synopsis of Juletane, Myriam Warner Vieyra‘s liberation strategies in Juletane and conclusion. Our finding reveals that both methods are potent at eradicating male violence. However, the non-violent approach seems more effective for it is invested to protect the two gender fibres in the society.

80-88

Authors: Peter Omondi Otieno, Japhet Otike, Daniel Rotich

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of library staff attitude to work on use of information services in public university libraries in Kenya with a view to establishing the extent to which it impacts on service delivery. Specifically the study endeavored to: investigate the effects of library staff attitude to work in relation to the utilization of information services by students in public university libraries in Kenya. The study was informed by motivation theories, which included; Maslow’s need hierarchy theory; scientific management theory and Vrooms expectancy theory. The study used mixed methods. Three public university libraries were purposively selected to participate in the study. The findings of the study were that; library users need information continuously regardless of its availability; the library clients require library staff with the right attitude to provide information services without any discrimination; most of the books required for class work were limited against a steady growing student population and shrinking budget; the library staff welfare is inadequate and does not fight for better working conditions in the library and therefore majority of the staff are demotivated and there is lack of structured promotion criteria for library staff from training and those with vast experience in the profession. Based on these findings, the study proposed an employee attitude management model to provide practical means by which library staff can be effective in their work. It is expected that this study will offer insight into attitude management practices in public university libraries in Kenya.

12-15

Authors: Danaiya Sungketkarn, Pattamawadee Chansuwan, Vuthipong Roadkasamsri

Pong Lang Sa On is a Thai musical group, who perform traditional pong lang music with elements of pop, rock and comedy. They mix Northeastern and Central Thai cultures, combining folk music, dramatic arts and live performances that relate to the young generations of Thai people. They modernize traditional performances by including jokes to entertain viewers. The cultural adaptation of Pong Lang Sa On has led to their popularity and importance for Northeastern Thai folk music. Before going mainstream, the primary concern of Pong Lang Sa On band-members was their specific group identity. After Pong Lang Sa On entered the entertainment business, their identity became a sensitive issue. They needed to adapt their original style in order to be accepted by the general public, while continuing to conserve and spread Thai culture. The band members analyzed data to find ways to strengthen and adapt Pong Lang folk music in order to spread traditional culture. In 2013, Pong Lang Sa On ended their contract with R-Siam so that they could manage their business independently and focus on promoting and conserving Thai culture.

22-29

Authors: Monchai Phiantham, Kosit Phaengsoi, Terdchai Panthachai

The purposes of this research are to investigate the historical background, current circumstances and problems of Khit cloth products in Isan communities, making networks and orienting the creative economy based on Isan culture. The research population for this qualitative research was composed of 88 individuals. The research area was the three North-eastern Thai provinces of Kalasin, Yasothon and Amnat Charoen. Data were collected by means of basic survey, interviews, observations, focus-group discussions and workshops. The results show that Khit cloth weaving group members at Ban Sri Than, Ban Kham Phra and Ban Dan Nuea learned weaving skills from previous generations. Cloth weaving is considered valuable traditional knowledge and the inherited cultural responsibility of Isan women. They weave their Khit cloth along with other fabrics and designs. Silk and cotton cloth were the two types of Khit. Khit cloth using cotton thread is more popular than silk thread. Khit clothes are made for personal use and as community commercial products. The creation process includes thread formation, dying, cloth designing, weaving, processing and marketing. Weavers receive training supported by various government offices and also undertake field studies. There have been four stages of weaving development in the three communities: family consumption, variation, group integration and networking. The last development stage was the time of creativity and expansion of networks for product processing within the community and surrounding area with government support under the ‘One Tambon, One Product’ initiative. The problems encountered are high production costs, difficult production process, high number of production steps and inadequate profits. In light of these problems, young people choose higher paying jobs as careers and are not interested in Khit cloth weaving. The study found that each of the three communities sets up its own community business, encouraging members to share ideas, knowledge and develop their capacity for product improvement. Each group also has its own organizational and business management structure. By defining roles and responsibilities, each member and related local authority is allowed full participation in the running and maintenance of the community business network.

36-40

Authors: Pakorn Pattananurot, Surapone Virulrak, Arkom Sa-ngiamviboon

Pagodas in Northeastern Thailand (Isan) are places where local people go to pay their respects. The purposes of this research were: to study the evolution of the shape of contemporary Isan pagodas built from 1982-2012 and to study the design concepts of contemporary Isan pagodas. Data collection tools were primary documents, interviews and observations. The findings of the study show that the evolution of the contemporary Isan pagoda can be divided into three eras. There are also four groups of pagoda design: bell pagodas in a plan shape, bell pagodas in a polygon shape, pagodas on a bualeam base and pagodas with a bualeam top. An octagonal base is the preferred contemporary Isan pagoda shape. The contemporary Isan pagoda style was created using Isan identity and can reflect the current context of Thai society.

55-60

Authors: Abdulganiyu Adebayo Tijani

This paper examined the relationship between occupational stress and lecturers’ productivity in Kwara state owned tertiary institutions. Descriptive research design was adopted for the study. The target populations comprised all lecturers from the six state owned tertiary institutions. Proportional random sampling technique was used to select 500 respondents while stratified random sampling method was adopted to select four out of six tertiary institutions in the state. Questionnaire was the instrument used to elicit information from the respondents. Descriptive statistic of table and percentage were used to answer the two research question raised to guide the study while inferential statistic of Person product-moment correlation method was adopted to analysed the three research hypotheses generated for the study. The findings of this study revealed that lecturers in Kwara state polytechnics were more stressful than counterparts from other tertiary institutions. Generally, lecturers from the six state owned tertiary institutions were highly stressful. This study also discovered a significant relationship between occupational stress and lecturers’ productivity in the state owned tertiary institutions. The paper recommends provision of more instructional facilities to the state owned tertiary institutions. Lecturers should also be remunerated for excess work performed and be regularly paid and promoted as at when due.

66-70

Authors: Keith Marlon R. Tabal

This paper discusses the creation of a training unit and laboratory manual based on a PIC16F877A microcontroller which was evaluated by both students and instructors of Bachelor of Science in Electronics Engineering of the Camarines Sur Polytechnic Colleges in terms of its acceptability as a supplementary learning material for microprocessor systems. Based on the result of the evaluation, it was revealed that the training unit obtained an average weighted mean of 4.65 for the students and 5.00 for the instructors which both fall under the “Strongly Acceptable” criteria. On the other hand, the evaluation for the laboratory manual got an average weighted mean of 4.44 which is verbally interpreted as “Acceptable” and 4.84 for the instructors which is verbally interpreted as “Strongly Acceptable”. Using t-test, it was also revealed that there is a significant difference between the level of acceptability of the students and instructors to the training unit and laboratory manual.

79-88

Authors: Fatima M. Moncada, Jaderick P. Pabico

This paper presents the findings of a readability assessment and sentiment analysis of selected six Philippine senators’ microposts over the popular Twitter microblog. Using the Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), tweets of Senators Cayetano, Defensor-Santiago, Pangilinan, Marcos, Guingona, and Escudero were assessed. A sentiment analysis was also done to determine the polarity of the senators' respective microposts. Results showed that on the average, the six senators are tweeting at an eight to ten SMOG level. This means that, at least a sixth grader will be able to understand the senators’ tweets. Moreover, their tweets are mostly neutral and their sentiments vary in unison at some period of time. This could mean that a senator’s tweet sentiment is affected by specific Philippine-based events.

94-100

Authors: Rufina C. Rosaroso, Enriqueta D. Reston, Nelson A. Rosaroso

This study aimed to establish the content, construct and predictive validity evidence of a locally-made college admission and placement test for a private sectarian university. It employed empirical methods for test validation and reliability analysis using a sample of 262 college freshman students. Content-related validity evidence was initially established through the development of Tables of Specifications for the various subtests and experts‘ review on the alignment of test item content and objectives. Construct-related evidence of validity was established by exploring the internal structure of the test via factor analysis. The procedure yielded two factors and examination of the items comprising the subtests that loaded heavily on each factor suggested that the test measured two distinct but interrelated skills; namely: (1) Language and Literacy Skills and (2) Analytical Reasoning Skills, across three content areas in English, Mathematics and Science. Results from correlating test scores and first year cumulative Grade Point Average (GPA) of the students yielded a substantial overall predictive validity coefficient of 0.643. Reliability analysis using internal consistency measures yielded a high reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha value of 0.968. These findings indicated that the proposed college admission test was a good predictor of student’s academic performance in the first year of college work, and thus, valid for its intended purpose.

6-11

Authors: D.N. Jimba, J.M. Musa, U.S. Gbarri & Mark Nyitse

Our society is currently facing startling issues of underdevelopment that requires enlightened understanding to overcome. Like the eras of renaissance, reformation, industrial revolution that gripped Europe, so we are challenged by globalization, ICT, insecurity, socio-political upheavals, natural disasters as well as marked malpractices characterized by breakdown in social consciousness, dysfunctional public utilities, reckless and disgraceful disposal of refuse on our highways and perversion of justice. Hence the inescapable role of philosophy to provide, convincing blueprint of social order sufficient enough to command the political commitment and will. Moreover, philosophy establishes theories of the nature of man, society and the world by which we order and interpret conflicting data of educational research and behavioural science using arguments and conceptual analysis. This paper lays bare that philosophy of education can usher in the desired social order and develop social construction that can enhance development. This is perfected through a criteria nurtured on the basis of philosophical principles that provide an enlightened understanding of current issues like ICT, globalization, MDGs, security challenges and a host of others.

19-27

Authors: Dr. Abayomi Olumade Sofoluwe

The main principal aim of this paper is to examine the fundamental child rights and quality of education in Nigeria Education which has proved to be greatest investment for economic, social, political and cultural development. Consequently, "The Nigerian 1999 Constitution and the National Policy on Education emphasizes the significance of child rights and the quality of education". In most societies, rules and norms are established to regulate the behaviour of the citizens. These norms and rules are documented to form the mosaic of good behaviour. The paper begins with the concept, background of child right and the right to and access education. Paper also examines challenges, cases of violations of child rights, sample application for leave and enforcement procedure. Finally, strategies for assuring child rights and quality education are examined

37-45

Authors: Lea Peñaflorida and Dr. Nilo Masbaňo

This study was conducted to determine the level of acceptability of commercial mango puree and mango puree with 0, 5, 10 and 15 ml of malunggay leaves extract in terms of appearance, taste, aroma and general acceptability. The respondents who were also the expert panel were the 35 randomly selected faculties from the School of Hotel and Restaurant Services Technology and School of Health Care Services. Mean and standard deviation were used as descriptive statistics and One-way ANOVA and Scheffe test as inferential statistics. As a whole, the results revealed that mango puree with no malunggay leaves extract was liked much by the respondents, mango puree with 5 and 10 ml. including the commercial mango puree was liked by the respondents while mango puree with 15 ml. malunggay leaves extract was disliked by the respondents. There were significant differences in the level of acceptability of the different mixtures in terms of appearance, taste, aroma, and general acceptability. Mango puree with 5 ml. of malunggay leaves extract was the most acceptable, being comparable to commercial mango puree and mango puree with no malunggay leaves extract which was liked much by the respondents because of its sensory characteristics and higher nutritive value.

63-67

Authors: Kimberly Joy M. Alcazar, Karissa Nadia M. De La Rosa, Kristine Melody P. Gonda, Lida C. Landicho

This study investigated the spirituality and moral identity of one hundred forty(140) randomly selected government employees and its impact at work. Two standardized questionnaires, namely Spiritual Involvement and Beliefs Scale and Integrity Scale, were utilized and an anecdote was facilitated in acquiring quantitative and qualitative results, respectively. The results showed that the participants have high level of spirituality and average level of moral identity. Furthermore, it has been revealed that female participants have higher level of spirituality than male. Also, a moderate positive correlation was found between spirituality and moral identity. This study established exemplars of spirituality and moral identity, thus implying an impact at work.

73-79

Authors: Dr. William E. Ekpiken and Dr. Godfrey Ukpabio

This paper assessed the level of environment literacy awareness and information, dissemination among adolescents in secondary schools in Cross Rivers State. This becomes very necessary especially when it is realized that most of the misconceptions and insufficient knowledge about climate change concepts arise due to ignorance of the various categories of audience affected by the change. Four hundred (400) respondents were picked from six senior secondary schools and stratified sampling methodology facilitated the selection of the students from the various classes using the class register as the sample frame. Questionnaires were used to obtain data and information from the respondents. The response were tested using chi-square statistical analyses at 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that information promotes the understanding and awareness of climate through the generation and dissemination of general and technical fads that leads to attitudinal/ behavioral change among adolescents. Based on this, it was recommended that environmental education should be inculcated in the curriculum from primary school level. That awareness campaigns and public enlightenment by the Ministry of Information and Ministry of Environment should be intensified through print and electronic media, workshop and place to inform, educate various target audiences on the consequences of environment problems.

90-96

Authors: Anthony A. Olaoye

This paper is on the sociolinguistic study of peerglossia –language of the peer group- and its effects on the English Language proficiency of the Senior Secondary School students(SSS) in Nigeria.The Nigerian Government and stakeholders in education are worried about the low level of English Language proficiency of the SSS students.The author is therefore interested in finding out the causes of the appalling decline in the performance of SSS students in English Language at the Senior School Certificate Examination (SSCE).The author therefore conducted a research on the relationship between sociolinguistic variables and students’ performance in English Language in some randomly selected secondary schools in Kano State in Northern Nigeria.The assumption is thatpeerglossia has an inhibitory effect on the language use of SSS students.From the written tests and questionnaire administered to the students,it was found that parents’ socio-economic and political status and education background influenced students’ choice of peergroup whose language use has deleterious effects on students’ language proficiency.The paper then suggests some ways through which students’ proficiency in English Language can be improved.

103-109

Authors: Karen Mae C. Aquino, Queencel B. Enriquez, Kathrina B. Gonzales, Lida C. Landicho

Family is essentially made of those people who look after, who play a crucial role in our upbringing and who teach us such lessons in life. This thesis is intended to explore the major effects on adolescents with separated parents in terms of Emotional Maturity, Interpersonal Communication, and Anxiety. The researchers also compare variables to adolescents with non-separated parents. The scope of this study was given to 50 adolescents ages 17-21 with separated parents and 50 who were in intact families from Lyceum of the Philippines UniversityBatangas (N=100, 50 for non separated and 50 for separated).The researchers used quantitative method. Anova and Pearson-R were used to determine the results. The results show that the three variables have significant differences on separated parents. While Anxiety has a bigger impact on those adolescents with separated parents than with the non separated, Interpersonal Communication has no significant difference on adolescents with non separated parents.

9-16

Authors: Dr. TUNDE JOHN ADEAGBO

In this article, myth is discussed as a literary concept. Mythological issues like the effects of names and the dates of birth on Camara Laye were explained by the help of Cavendish’s theory of numerology. The article also presented totems as one of the elements that we must respect for our well being. In this paper, the opinion of Abimbola (1977) that each and every living soul was born with a totem, a phenomenon that must be respected as revealed in the novels of Camara Laye. It is also discovered that there are supernatural powers that control the natural. The ancestors were partly seen as omnipresent- those whose spirits could be invoked for protection and provision anywhere anytime. At the concluding part, every individual is urged to know his/ her position in the supernatural. This would help everyone to pray for the desirable position as regards his/her destiny and reject every undesirable future occurrence through prayer.

30-37

Authors: Dr. MARY GAY T. AGUILA

This study determined the 21st Century Skills of students in Nueva Vizcaya State University, First Semester, SY 2014-2015. Specifically, it ascertained students’ profile, their 21st century skills learning and innovation skills, information, media and technology skills and life and career skills. It further ascertained if a significant correlation exists between profile variables and the 21st century skills and if significant correlations exist between and among the dimensions of the 21st century skills. Thirty-five (35) respondents of the AB English Program under the College of Arts and Sciences were chosen using random sampling. It used the descriptive method and a 71 item- questionnaire developed by Vadil (2013).Quantitative data was treated with frequency, percentage and mean. The Pearson-r was used to determine the correlation between profile variables and the 21st century skills and the correlations between and among the dimensions of these skills. Findings revealed that the majority are in their teenage years, mostly female, and are Ilocanos, with fathers’ educational attainment higher than mothers. Significantly, social and cross-cultural- skills along life and career skills surfaced as excellent skill among other 21st century skills. The respondents have a “very good” 21st century skills on other skills along learning and innovation skills, as well as information, media and technology skills. The highest educational attainment of father significantly correlates with learning and innovation skills and gender correlates with information, media and technology literacy and life and career skills. Very significant correlations exist between and among the dimensions of the 21st century skills

47-59

Authors: GINA M. GALBO & MARILYN L. LASPIÑAS

This study aimed to focus on the assessment of the organizational culture of Academic Libraries in Tagbilaran City, Bohol with the end view of designing innovations. This study employed the descriptive-normative survey method using Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI). Result showed that the current and preferred culture type situations of the academic libraries on the six organizational culture dimensions are clan culture. Consequently, the study revealed that there is no significant difference between current and preferred culture type situations of the academic libraries. Moreover, the study found out that there is no significant difference among the academic libraries’ culture type situations on the six dimensions of the organizational cultures. The study concluded that organizational culture is imperative in the library setting especially on identifying the dominant current and preferred organizational culture type of the academic libraries toward library culture change and improving effectiveness.

68-75

Authors: LORENEL D. GAKO; MARILYN L. LASPIÑAS

This study aimed to assess the functionality of Cebu Technological University (CTU) - Tuburan Campus Library based on the Standard of Philippine Academic Libraries. The descriptiveevaluative survey method employed the study. This method provides and analyzes comprehensive information about a situation and condition of the university library, its variables and features. Results showed that the CTU-Tuburan Campus Library is Very Functional. Data showed that faculty-accreditors rated Very Functional in all nine components of SPAL. The campus librarians rated Very Functional because of the fact that the university is AACCUP and ISO Accredited, as well as in terms of administration the library is being administered and supervised by a full-time professional librarian with Master's degree. On the other hand, campus librarian also rated Functional to the three components namely: physical facilities, Information Technology facilities and services; and linkages and networking. The strengths on the Functionality of CTUTuburan Campus Library assessment based on the SPAL nine components revealed that in totality the library has strong points in all components like On the other hand, the weaknesses of the library comprises on a few indicator of the components on collection development and physical facilities.

82-91

Authors: Nestor R. Valdez, Marcelo V. Rivera and Jaderick P. Pabico

The use and implementation of virtual learning environments (VLEs) in higher education instruction has been in place since the advent of computer networking and popularized by the accessibility of the Internet. Because of the fast-paced advances in hardware and software technologies that stimulate the human senses, the number and the quality of researches on the use of three-dimensional (3D) environments to augment the experiences of learners have increased in recent years. Since VLEs can be customized for the learners' needs, they have been used to provide a virtual immersion that is otherwise difficult, if not impossible, to experience in real-world (e.g., teaching the effect of varying planetary gravities on objects). This paper presents the experiences in building and implementing a 3D avatar-based virtual world (3DAVW) as a VLE (3D-AVLE) for the Technological University of the Philippines-Taguig (TUP-T), a higher education institution (HEI) in the Philippines. Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) systems were used, such as the OpenSimulator and various 3D renderers, to create a replica of the TUP-T campus in a simulated 3D world. The 3D-AVLE runs in a single server that is connected to the learners' computers via a simply-wired local area network (LAN). The use of various networking optimization techniques was experimented on to provide the learners and the instructors alike a seamless experience and lag-less immersion within the 3D-AVLE. With the current LAN setup in TUP-T, the optimal number of concurrent users that can be accommodated without sacrificing connectivity and the quality of virtual experience was found to be at 30 users, exactly the mean class size in TUP-T. The 3DAVLE allows for recording of the learners' experiences which provides the learners a facility to review the lessons at a later time. Classes in fundamental topics in engineering sciences were conducted using the usual teaching aid technologies such as the presentation software, and by dragging-and-dropping the presentation files to the 3D-AVLE, resulting to increased learning curve by both the instructors and the learners

105-109

Authors: Dr. Michael Olarewaju Ogundele, Dr. Theresa Stephen Gyang, Anpe Maria Sambo

This study investigated the relationship between lecturer literacy and academic goals achievement of Plateau State tertiary institutions. A descriptive survey of correlation type was adopted for the study. Four hypotheses were generated for the study. The instrument tagged “Digital Literacy for Academic Goals Achievement Questionnaire” (DLAGAQ) was used for the data collection and was validated by the expert. Split-half reliability method was used to test the reliability of the instrument. The result was correlated using spearman Ranking Order Statistics at .05 significance level. The reliability index of .62 showed that the instrument was reliable. Two hundred respondents were selected from the six Plateau State-owned tertiary institutions. The respondents include Heads of departments, directors, senior lecturers, selected final years students.The research hypotheses were tested using Pearson product Moment correlation statistics at .05 significance level. The result however showed that all the null hypotheses were rejected. It, therefore, means that low positive significant relationship goals achievement of Plateau State tertiary institutions. It was however recommended that there should be adequate sponsorship for the digital literacy and appreciation conferences both at the global and national level in order to develop lecturers capacity building on digital literacy skills in the interest of enhancing academic goals achievement at the various institutions in Plateau State Nigeria.

124-128

Authors: Mr. JULIUS G. GUPO, Dr. EPITACIO P. ABELA

This study aimed to determine the involvement of the students in different sports activities in Lyceum of the Philippines University (LPU)- Batangas. Specifically it is intended to identify the sports activities participated by the students, to know the level of students’ involvement in different sports activities, and to proposed an action plan to strengthen students’ involvement in Sports competition. The study used the descriptive method of research as it aims to describe the status of sports activities participated by the LPU-Batangas students with respect to the personal qualities and instructional competencies as assessed by the physical education students. The sports activities which the respondents moderately involved or participated are jumping, walking, hopping and running. There is a highly significant relationship between the student and the involvement/participation in sports activities.

6-13

Authors: JOANNA MARIE S. ALVARO and RYAN MICHAEL F. ODUCADO

This descriptive correlational study was conducted to determine the maternal profile, awareness and utilization of Basic Emergency Obstetrics and Newborn Care (BEmONC) among women of reproductive age (WRA) in a rural municipality in Iloilo. The 346 respondents were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Data were gathered using a structured interview schedule prepared and validated prior to the actual data collection. For univariate, frequency, percentage, and mean were utilized to describe the data while Chisquare, Gamma, and Cramer’s V were used to analyze and determine relationships between variables. The results revealed that most of the respondents were highly aware of the Rural Health Unit (RHU) as a BEmONC facility and its services. However, most of them have utilized only the prenatal package but not the childbirth and postnatal services. Hypothesis testing found a significant relationship between utilization of BEmONC services and employment status, income level, educational status, OB score, pregnancy status and awareness of BEmONC services. Increasing awareness about maternal and child health care and facility-based services and educating women planning for safe childbirth to deliver in a BEmONC facility that is attended by a skilled medical health professional are essential for the survival of the mother and the newborn.

19-22

Authors: Dr. Eric Oziegbe Oleabhiele

The study sought to find out the effects of elearning strategy on students achievement in Economics. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The study employed quasi-experimental design. The area of the study was Abakaliki Education zone. The instrument used for data collection was a Multiple Choice Economics Achievement Test (MCEAT). Two hundred and forty-nine secondary school II students formed the sample used for the study. Kuder-Richardson formula (K-R 20) which yielded reliability co-efficient of 0.97. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to test the hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed that the mean achievement scores of students taught economics using the e-learning strategy is higher than those taught economics using the lecture. Based on the findings of the study recommendations were made to improve the achievement level of students’ in economics in schools.

31-36

Authors: Dr. Dauda Adeyemo Ariya, Dr. Michael Olarewaju Ogundele, Deborah Yetunde ABIODUN, Safiyanu SALEH

This paper examines the role of information and communication technologies in adult education and non formal education and how it can serve as a catalyst for national development in Nigeria. For competitiveness in global stage, the knowledge based economy is given priority and places great importance on the diffusion and use of information in new technologies for productivity and growth. The determinants of success of national economies and enterprises are reliant upon the effectiveness in gathering and utilizing knowledge. The paper therefore, highlights various aspects of adult and non formal education and the utilization of ICT and some of the challenges that could follow such innovation were x-ray and solutions proffered for greater growth and productivity for sustainable national development.

43-61

Authors: Precious Faye M. Bicomong, Mary Gem N. Dela Rosa, Razel A. Abedes, Rhowel M. Dellosa

The study aimed to examine the use of multimodal approach in the understanding of Measurements by Grade 7 students of Camp Vicente Lim National High School S.Y 2014-2015. This study utilized an experimental design. Through this design, the level of performance of the grade 7 students on the subject of Mathematics are presented and analyzed. The data were statistically interpreted using experimental statistics such as mean, t-test, z-test and Pearson correlation. A total of 74 grade 7 students served as participants in this study. The researchers found out that there is no significant difference in the pre test and post test results of the two groups. Hence, the researchers recommended that Camp Vicente Lim National High School can trigger the use of multimodal approach by delivering the modalities accurately and in a way that students can understand the lesson very well.

62-69

Authors: Dr. Myrna D. Reyes, Mrs. Aida C. Castillo

The study aimed to determine the relationship of performance of the students in the area of Mathematics specifically in Algebra and Trigonometry and their test anxiety. The researchers used the descriptive correlation research method that could best present and analyze information on the documentary analysis in students’ mathematics performance and descriptive survey about math test anxiety. The data was gathered from the departmental examination given in Algebra and Trigonometry for the academic year of 2013-2014. The respondents of the study were 120 students who took Algebra in the first semester before they took Trigonometry for the second semester of the said year. The statistical tolls used were frequency, weighted mean and Pearson product moment of correlation. The results revealed that the students who took the subjects were obtained a poor performance rating. On the other hand, test anxiety in mathematics moderately felt by the students that is considered a factor that might affect the students’ mathematics performance. The researchers also formulated an action plan for the enhancement of mathematics achievement to improve the passing rate in the departmental examination. The action plan focused on conducting/attending seminars regarding different learning strategies; conducting tutorial session or peer tutoring especially for those who have low performance in mathematics subjects; conducting seminar on reduction of test anxiety; conducting stress briefing to the students through the proctor before taking the exam; providing reward system in mathematics classes; and adapt fun learning techniques in teaching mathematics. And also, the researchers recommended to the math teachers to develop different learning strategies in all mathematics subjects and to provide relaxation techniques before giving the exam to their students.

79-89

Authors: Dr. Marian C. De Mesa, Engr. Nemy H. Chavez & Mrs. Elsa Guarino

This study was conducted to assess the Library holdings, services and utilization in Lyceum International Maritime Academy (LIMA) Campus particularly in the College of Engineering. Descriptive type of research was utilized in the study. Results showed that the Faculty members and studentrespondents find that the utilization, services and the book collection on General Education and Engineering Subjects as moderately extensive and functioning very well. The quality of the collections is maintained through regular checking against standard bibliographies avoiding unnecessary duplication of titles and acquiring a wide variety of titles with enduring value. It is recommended to check and update the number of book collections, periodicals and other library materials to support the various instructional needs of the Professional and GE Engineering Faculty and students; and request from the respective colleges the list of references at least every Summer of the next School Year that would be used and would be helpful for the students of the College of Engineering.

97-102

Authors: Dr. Jerry E. Omenka & Dr. Clement O. Iji

This study was designed to investigate secondary school mathematics teachers’ classification of concepts along the dimensions of difficulty level. Also, the intent was to study how mathematics teachers’ cognitive views and conceptualizations influence their perception of mathematics learning items as either difficult or otherwise. Ninety-five mathematics teachers at the secondary school level were used for this study. The instrument spanned algebra, number and numeration, geometry, trigonometry and statistics. Further, the concepts included in the instrument were extracted from the West African Examinations Council’s General Certificate in Education(GCE) O’ level syllabus and the Nigerian Educational Research and Development Council (NERDC) secondary school mathematics curriculum. The result of the analysis performed on responses of the subjects involved in the study showed poor agreement in the classifications of the mathematics concepts. Agreement was slightly strong on only five items. It seems the mathematics teachers agree that a majority of the items are important but easy to learn and teach.