The Swedish Journal of Scientific Research

1-5

Authors: Yarob Abdul Baqi Dayekh , Ameen Khazaal Abed , Mohanad Faisal Salman

Currently, athletes and non-athletes are suffering from exerting double efforts with time which is supposed to lessen this effort because of other training applied in order to enhance other muscles separately which gives more benefits especially for the legs. This is one of the problems which sometimes lead to dangerous injuries especially for athletes who do not know the importance of choosing the optimal training position. The importance of this study lies in highlighting the load resulted from abdomen training with two different positions with contribution of some muscles through studying electricity and some variables of neural signal preparing these muscles to determine the best position which do not lead to put physical load or load on the spine or its vertebrae. The empirical method was used and the sample of the study was chosen purposively (8 body building players of Faculty of Physical Education – Thi Qar University). Players performed abdomen and legs training in extending and bending positions. The most important conclusions of the study are: performing abdomen training with knee bending leads to better targeting towards abdomen muscles which was clear from muscle’s electrical activity, more participation of other muscles in positions of abdomen and legs extended, these muscles have special training that has to be applied separately and abdominal training performance from the position of legs extension forms more load on the spine which may result in some problems with time especially for non-athletes.

15-18

Authors: Bitar Hichem , Atallah Ahmed

This research attempt to find out the requirement of the knowledge economy needed in the institutions of physical education in Algeria. In order to achieve this aim, we developed a questionnaire in order to determine these requirements as well as to find out the administrative roles in this process. Analysis of the questionnaires revealed that there is a significant difference in regard to the criterion of the knowledge economy but about the Institute Destinations department we found that there is no distinction between them. One cannot say that one is better than the other because the results of this modest research confirms that what can go best in school is not the same as what is in another. It was concluded that the general hypothesis of this experiment has been confirmed, however that other secondary hypotheses were not confirmed.

26-31

Authors: Fatimah Abed Malih , Susan Sadeq

The present study aims at designing and making a special training device for the muscular strength by the use of rubber ropes resistant called (rubber multi gym) based upon modern and studied scientific bases. It is an ideal device for the healthy body that depends upon the flexible pull\push exercises in different angles of the body to develop the strength of the active muscles. In addition to that, it builds muscles for both sexes for all sport games. The two researchers choose the experimental method by the tight method (experimental + control) for the suitability and the nature of solving problem of the research. 16 female players of Fatat Baghdad Club for Fencing Epee Fatat Baghdad Club for Fencing Epee were chosen. Four players were eliminated for making the experiment for each player. They were subdivided randomly into two groups (experimental + control) as 6 players per each group. The control group was performing the usual physical and skill training in their curricula without using the experimental agent (rubber ropes). The experimental group, on the other hand performs the experimental variable (exercise by the use of rubber ropes on the multi gym device). The training curricula was performed on 3-9-2014 and ended on 10-11-2014. In the light of the results, the researchers come to the pre-test and posttest. It was concluded that the device made (multi gym rubber ropes) has proved its effectiveness as far as the development of the sample is concerned.

49-57

Authors: Mandeep Singh Salh , N. K. Rathee

Self-satisfaction is a process of effecting satisfying adaptation to one’s environment and thereby facilitating a self-satisfied person to act wisely in his surroundings. Since an athlete’s involvement is central to all athletic programs and endeavors, his satisfaction has both theoretical and practical implications relating to his performance outcomes. The present investigation was, therefore, undertaken to explore the level of self-satisfaction among hockey players participating at international, national and state levels. Subjects selected for the present study (N=120) were administered the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire (Riemer and Chelladurai, 2000). Analysis of variance (3x2 factorial design) was used to compare the three performance levels and gender groups. Mean and SD values were calculated and post-hoc test was also applied to find out the direction of differences among these groups. The results revealed that the international players had significantly higher level of self-satisfaction as compared to the state and national players with regard to all the studied facets of athlete satisfaction. Even the national players have exhibited significantly better self- satisfaction than state players on the indices Ability Utilization, Budget, Medical Personnel, Academic Support and External Agents. Gender differences were noticed only on Team Performance indice. These results suggest that the players at lower rank were not as satisfied with the available facilities and the sporting environment as were the players participating at higher level. If the talent is to be nurtured the grass root level players have to be looked after equally well and given due attention by providing requisite facilities and opportunities conducive to their growth. Keywords: athlete satisfaction, performance,sport,!dynamics,!self-satisfied

62-68

Authors: Alaa Khalaf Haider, Emad Kâdhim Ahmed, Riaydh A Farhan

That muscle strength is the foundation component of all fitness components, and among the sports in which the recipe force clearly appears next to the speed and endurance speed, in training and competition of the methods used to develop the types of force Among those means are exercises that lead Palmquaomat any training with weights and is using bars of iron as well as Aldmpelsat for the development of power in any of the parties to the body, and is improving lower limb is crucial if we know that this requires the development of the power of all kinds to the muscles of the two men for runners different weights in which it operates as well as the mechanism of action through training with weights any style best training jumping Baldbna heavy compared to training with weights Baldbna light when jumping exercise leads to the development of the capabilities of the players such as transitional explosive speed and the ability to aggressive 100 m disabled Keyword: Jump, Weights, particular Physical, Achievement, deaf and dumb, Athletes

76-84

Authors: Twana Wahbi Ghafour

the study aims to: 1- Determinetheeffectofvisualmediaduetolearning&thinkingpatterns(right,left,integrated)betweengroupsofthe study on pre and post tests in learning the skill of spike shooting and ball possession in volleyball. 2- Determinedifferencesbetweengroupsofthestudyintheposttestinlearningtheskillofspikeshootinginvolleyball. 3- Determinedifferencesinarithmeticmeansofgroupsofthestudyinlearningtheskillofspikeshootingandball possession in volleyball. Population of the study was chosen through purposive method to be formed by third year students at the Physical Education School – Helabcha University for the academic year 2012 – 2013 (75 students). As for the sample of the study, it was chosen randomly and divided into four groups; control group and empirical group (right, left, integrated). The total number of the sample was 42 students as volleyball beginners. The educational curricula consisted of 12 units distributed on 6 weeks (two units weekly). The time duration of the single unit for visual media of the skill of spike shooting was 5 minutes, three times using normal speed (3 minutes) and once for slow motion (2 minutes) at the beginning of the applied activity of the main part. The researcher concluded the following: 1. There is a positive effect of visual media on learning the skill of spike shooting for empirical groups. 2. The first empirical group excelled (right pattern) over the second, the third empirical groups (integrated and left patterns) and the control group in learning the skill of spike shooting. 3. The third empirical group (integrated pattern) excelled over the first, the second empirical groups (right and left patterns) and the control group in learning the skill of spike shooting

89-92

Authors: Mohamed Jassim Alyassery , Ali Bukheet Aljaefrey

To achieve the main goal of the study which is: to determine the relation (strength, direction) in results of running athletes in Middle Euphrates clubs in self-consistency and their results at the scales of morale and metacognitive thinking skills, the researchers conducted a main trial on a random sample consisting of 60 runners through the application of three scales measuring (self-consistency, morale and metacognitive thinking skills). After taking necessary measures regarding determining the level of the sample of the study at the said scales through their statistical data and extracting the nature of relation between the studied variables, results showed that respondents of the sample of the study enjoy high levels of self-consistency, morale and metacognitive thinking skills as well as there is a direct relation between them which allows the possibility to extract a predicting equation trough which the quantitative estimation of self-consistency for runners with significance of their evaluations in morale and metacognitive thinking skills.

1-14

Authors: Alaa Zohear Moustafa

Neurological Linguistic Programming (NLP) plays an important role in raising sporting and human activity. It helps man reform his thinking enhance his behavior, purify his habits, motivating and improving his intellectual abilities. Neurological Linguistic Programming (NLP) considers the issue of success and failure as a process that can be made and is not coincidental. Measurement is the only scientific Mean that should be used by sporting clubs to identify players’ brain programming in order to enhance individual levels and solve problems facing him. We can say that this study is the first in the field according to the researcher as there was not any previous study tackled building a scale for Neurological Linguistic Programming (NLP) in sports in Iraq and the Arab World, so the current study is s scientific and knowledge addition in this field that may serve researchers and sporting club officials in our country. Problem of the study: Is there a Neurological Linguistic Programming (NLP) scale for applying football players? Objective of the study: Building a Neurological Linguistic Programming (NLP) scale for applying football players.

29-38

Authors: Antina Schulze DDS & Martin Busse MD, PHD

Aims: Desired effects of a rehabilitative training are: Decreases in inflammation and lipid risk factors, in HbA1c, and increases in cardiopulmonary capacity. Though the beneficial effects of intense training are well established, no epidemiologic relevance of such training regimens has been found. Apparently a moderate and stress free program is an important prerequisite for lasting acceptance and life style change. Therefore studies should point to low but still effective training intensity. Methods: 33 type 2 diabetes patients (63.8 ± 6.9 years) with insulin regimen had a 9 months rehabilitative exercise training two times/week. Plasma levels of inflammatory and lipid markers, specific diabetic and training parameters were measured at baseline, after three, six and nine months. Results: Rehabilitative training resulted in a significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (12.27 ± 7.93 vs. 15.12 ± 9.58 or 14.89 ± 9.25 pgxl-1 after 6 or 9 months). Interleukin-6 was reduced significantly after 3 months (4.3 ± 7.02 vs. 3.92 ± 6.68 pgxl-1) whereas C-reactive protein remained unchanged. Lipid parameters decreased markedly after 9 months (triglycerides 2.10 ± 1.2 vs. 1.82 ± 1.07 mmolxl-1; cholesterol 5.18 ± 1.12 vs. 4.92 ± 0.91 mmolxl-1; LDL 3.24 ± 0.85 vs. 2.88 ± 0.66 mmolxl-1). HDL and HbA1c remained almost unchanged. Weight decreased moderately but significantly (99.21 ± 17.62 vs. 97.73 ± 16.61 kg) also BMI (35.28 ± 5.3 vs. 34.78 ± 5.34). Endurance capacity was increased by 103%, rate- pressure product at rest and blood pressure markedly decreased. Conclusions: 9 months of rehabilitative exercise training in type 2 diabetes patients had moderate but significant effects on lipid factors, no relevant effect on C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6 but resulted in a marked increase in tumor necrosis factor-alpha. A marked improvement in endurance capacity, cardiac stress and blood pressure was seen.

53-56

Authors: Ali Talal Abdallah

Nutrition is one of the most important basics to ensure athlete’s susceptibility and readiness to perform a physical effort, activity and production through which he can achieve good results to reach the hoped goals. In addition, the health status of the athlete is affected by food type and nature, so this requires concern with all details of food. It is known that nutrition with fats is one of the most important methods of providing players with energy especially in games which require physical effort and relatively longtime periods in this effort (aerobic games). Fats are used by the body in energy production through the aerobic physical effort, so the researcher made this study to identify the effect of having foods containing saturated and unsaturated fats on endurance level through identification of the maximum susceptibility of oxygen consumption. The researcher selected a set of players divided into two empirical groups. A pre-test was made for both groups. Next, for a period of two weeks the first groups had foods containing great amounts of saturated fats in the form of animal fats, dairy derivations and others. The second group had foods containing great amounts of unsaturated fats in the form of foods containing vegetable oils, nuts and others for the same period of the first group. After that, post-tests were made for both groups. After statistical treatments of testing results, results referred that the first group that used saturated fats showed an ability to perform physical effort and endurance possibility more than the second group which depended on unsaturated fats in nutrition. From these results, the researcher concluded that athletes who depend on foods containing saturated fats have more susceptibility to consume oxygen than athletes who depend on foods containing unsaturated fats. Accordingly, this is an indication to the player’s ability to endure stamina during playing. The researcher also recommended that it is necessary for athletes to have nutrition according to the type of practiced activity and depend on foods containing saturated fats, especially when it comes to those who practice games characterized by long activity practicing periods.

64-69

Authors: Raja Abdul Kareem Hameed

The researcher moves towards delineating one of the assisting training tools which is the new training method through parachutes, using them as resistant force in an airy medium via drag force benefiting from the mechanical laws in determining training hardness of long jump players through controlling the umbrella surface that is exposed to air and the player's body speed. This resistance, then, will lead to a burden on working muscles which will heighten the level of explosive and speedy power which will be reflected on the level of achievement. It will also lead to link between steps of closeness and rising without a decrease in in speed, and, here lies the significance of the study. Therefore, in order to have an improvement in the level of special bodily abilities by using assisting tools so as to achieve integration in bodily abilities and performance especially in the final step and rising to gain good accomplishment. The researcher made use of the experimental approach of the one experimental group design due to its appropriateness to the nature of the study. Sample of the study is deliberately selected, comprising of (5) players in Diyala high jump under 20 years team 2014-2015. Moreover, the study field procedures included photography, tests and measurements used in the research. Photography is included in the physical tests which comprised speedy and explosive power. These trainings are applied within the main part of the training unit, lasting from 45 to 50 minutes, 3 units per week for a period of 8 weeks, with a total of 24 training units. The load is gradually increased each two weeks as trainings were repeated each two weeks. The load is gradually increased in the other two weeks and so on. For the sake of having an effective and influential training based on scientific bases, the researcher adopted the frequent training method, then resting duration is specified to be the ratio between effort time and rest time. The study concluded that using force according to drag force law via parachutes (as training tool) has positively influenced the development of speedy and explosive powers of the study sample.

77-82

Authors: Marseel Zaya Yalda , Azad Ahmed Khalid

The study aimed to identify the effect of using rubber ropes to improve speed-strength for upper limbs and the achievement of javelin throw. The period of experiment last (8) weeks, three times per week. The sample consisted of (50) males, which divided into two groups control group (25) and experimental group (25). Paired t-test was used to find the different between pre and post tests for each group. Independent t-test was used to find out the different between control and experimental groups. The results showed that, using rubber ropes had a significant influence on improving speed-strength and achievement in post tests between both experimental and control groups

91-97

Authors: Ghodbeni Samir* Mohamed Jarraya

Today, Sports is social phenomenon that becomes attached with performance and result. So we have to say that sporting success is based on a trilogy of determining factors: • A multifunctional sports infrastructure. • Human and financial resources. • Appropriate legislation. Given the increasing number of players and contractual relationships in the sports economy, and increased funding issues and the search for some athletic performance are the means of legally or illegally all these new trends tend to increase the number of disputes and to multiply the sources of conflict In Tunisia, the legal status is under Associative shape and the rule is to promote and there is non-profit sports

1-5

Authors: Mahmoud Moussa Al- Ugaili, Mohammed Mahmoud kazim, Mohammed Hamza Shuhaib

Handball is considered one of the very fast games both in the ball passing or shooting it and as the number of goals is the borderline to end the game, shooting to the goal is purpose of the handball game, so the shooting skill is considered one of the most important basic skills and all the skills become useless unless unfinished by shooting the goal. The research aims to identify the differences between near shooting from jumping by the leg (weak, strong, double). As well as to identify the relationship between the near shooting from jumping by the leg (the weak- the strong -the double) and the strength of shooting of the players of the University of Baghdad and Al- Mustansiriya of handball and the participants in the championship of the Iraqi universities for the season 2013-2012. The research hypotheses included that there are a statistically significant differences between the shooting from jumping by the leg (the weak- the strong- the double) and in favor of a strong man. And there was a significant correlation between the shooting from jumping by the leg (the weakthe strong- the double) and in the favor of the strong leg, and the is a significant relationship between the shooting from jumping by the leg (the strong – the double) and the shooting strength and non-significant correlation relationship between the shooting from jumping by the weak leg and the shooting strength by the handball. The most important conclusions of the research is to achieve research hypotheses, and the adoption of the players on the strong leg in the shooting without the adoption of alternative options, such as using the weak leg in the shooting to get rid of the defensive positions which makes the loss of scoring opportunities during performing the skill of shooting is very unlikely.

9-13

Authors: Raheem Helo Ali

The practice of fencing, whether during training or competition exposes the player to a lot of those circumstances and situations of different psychological attitudes, which are often accompanied by excitement and emotion, especially in the course of the competition, as sporting competitions linked with the changed emotional situations that characterized by its intensity to change attitudes of victory and defeat from moment to the other within the athletic competition and thus athletic competition requires that the player should have some mental features to be enable to control his behavior and his actions as the athlete achievement requires the need for a swordsman to use his maximum physical , skilled , tactical, mental abilities to reach to the best possible level. The research problem lies in that most coaches overlook the psychological aspect and focus on the physical and skilled aspects of the game to reach to the best levels on despite scientific studies that benefit and constructed psychological aspects The study aimed to identify some of the mental variables of the senior saber players. And to identify the relationship between some mental variables and the competitive behavior of the senior players of saber. The most important results are the presence of significant correlation between some mental variables and the competitive behavior of the senior players of saber. And the presence of a significant correlation between some mental variables and motivation of athletic achievement for senior players of saber

19-23

Authors: Qays Chyad Khalaf, Shaima Rashid Taan, Maisam Wisam Sabaa

The low level of mineral salts in the blood will lead to a certain mechanism done by the body where the body starts to pump water from the blood toward the cells in order to maintain the level of sodium in the blood which must be at level of (135- 146) mmol / liter in the blood and this will therefore lead to another negative factor which is water poisoning of the cell and therefore the death of the cell as well as effect of the athletes level and these are the reasons that called the researcher towards the study of using of different concentrations of mineral salts to know the impact of these concentrations to keep the level of salts in the blood and improve the achievement which may be affected by this decrease in the concentrations , the study aimed to identify the effect of taking water that contains different concentrations of sodium and calcium on the level of achievement in the activities of ran (100 m .800 m .3000 m) , the researcher used the experimental curriculum as well as the comparison style in solving the problem of the research , the research sample was selected by the intentional way , as it consisted of nine players representing the team of Diyala University of track and field event (100 m .800 m .3000 m) in accordance with the effectiveness that are commensurate with the energy system and by (3) players for each event and to verify the validity of the assumptions and to achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher adopted a set of biochemical tests in solving the problem of the and the researcher concluded that the mineral salts have significant impact on the sporting achievement in the events of a long time as well as the mineral salts have a positive role in maintaining the speed of sporting hospitalization through calcium role with phosphate component in re-sources of energy to what it was.

28-35

Authors: Fakhri Al-Din Qasim

Research objectives: - Preparation of training according to the division of play areas on some motor skills and accuracy of the performance of some basic skills in squash. - Knowledge of the effect of exercise in accordance with the division of play areas on some of the motor skills of squash players. - Knowledge of the effect of exercise in accordance with the division of play areas on the accuracy of the performance of some of the basic skills of squash players. Research hypotheses: - There are significant differences between pre and post tests on some of the motor skills of squash players. - There are significant differences between pre and post tests on the accuracy of the performance of some of the basic skills of squash players. Research Methodology: The researcher used the experimental method to design one set of suitability research topic. The research sample: included national team players squash for men (applicants), number (8) players. Conclusions: 1 - The use of play areas by dividing the exercise a positive influence in the development of some motor skills to the research sample. 2 - Exercises that divide the regions play a positive influence in the development of some basic skills in the game of squash. 3 - The proposed exercises led to the achievement of objectives in the development of performance skills include the fact that the exercises were a special skill exercises inside the stadium. 4 - Exercises that divide the play areas have led to the development of agility and compatibility among a sample search.

1-10

Authors: Dr. Muthana M. Ibrahim

This experiment was conducted at the Department of biology / College of Education for Pure Sciences / University of Diyala on the Freesia sp.L. which have the purple flowers in order to studythe effect of the corms size which are divided into small corms withweight equal to or smaller than 3 g and large corms with weight greater than 3 g intertwined with spraying with the growth regulators ( the benzyladenine)at concentration of 25 , 50 mg/l and paclobutrazol at concentration of 10 , 20 mg/L as well as the handling the comparison in the recipes of the vegetative growth of the freesia plants by using global experiment using a complete randomized design with four observations of the handling. The results that have been obtained showed the following: exceeding the plants that resulting from cultivation of the large corms in recording the biggest moral values for plant height of 43.2 cm and the number of leaves 8.4 leaf / plant and leaf area of 59.4 cm 2 /plant and the content of the papers of chlorophyll158.3 SPAD units and earliness in the number of days which are necessary for the emergence of flowering buds of 136.4 days and the number of florets 10.2 florets/inflorescences as well as vase life which amounting to 11.8 day. Spraying plants with benzylad-enine at concentration of 50 mg/l led to register the highest values for plant height and leaf area and in the required duration for the emergence of floral buds and the length of inflorescences of flowers and the number of florets and the coordination age which amounting to 49.2 cm, 63.6 cm 2 /plant , 140.6 days , 31.5 cm , 10.6 florets/inflorescences and 12.5 days respectively. While spraying with paclobutrazol at concen-tration of 20 mg /l , the lowest values for the height of plants and the number of days required for the emergence of floral buds and the length of inflorescences which amounting to 32.4 cm , 136.5 days and 24.7 cm respectively, by the other hand recorded the highest values of the number of leafs 8.8 leaf / plant and content of leafs of chlorophyll 198.1 SPAD units. Overall, the overlap between the size of the corms and spraying with benzyladenine at concentration of 50 mg/l to led to register the biggest values forthe plants height and the leaf area and the length of inflorescences while the overlap between the size large corms and spraying with paclobutrazol at concentration of 20 mg /l led to register the highest values of the recipe of number of leaves and their content of chlorophyll and decrease the number of days which are required for the emergence of floral buds. The larger values recorded for the recipe of the number of days that are required for the emergence of floral buds and the number of florets and vase life has recorded in the overlap between plants that are resulting from small corms and sprayed with benzyladenine at concen-tration of 50 mg /l

20-29

Authors: Assis. Prof. Dr. Abdulrazak SH. Hasan*, Prof. Dr. Nadhim Gh. Noaman **, Assis. Prof. Dr. Mehdi SH. Al-Zuheiry ***, Shahad KH. Al-Qaisi ****

Background: celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that is common in the general popula-tion. Early serological diagnosis of CD access to treatment and improves the patient's quality of life. Objectives: to explore the rate of CD among clinically suspected children in using serological tests and to assess the validity of these markers for thediagnosis of CD. Materials and methods: This case control study was conducted in Diyala province-Iraq during the period from September 2011 to April 2012 in Al-Batool Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Chil-dren. 156 children who were clinically suspected ashaving CD and 124 healthy children as control group were enrolled. The patient's age range was 1 month to 6 years and above. Information re-garding age, sex, residence, family history, and clinical signs were collected in a special question-naire. Commercially available serological kits for anti-gliadin IgA (AGA-IgA) and anti- tissue transglu-taminase IgA (anti-tTG-IgA) antibodies (Aeskulisa, Germany) were used by ELISA technique. Data were statistically analyzed and P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Based on the seropositivity of both anti-AGA IgA and anti-tTG IgA, 15 (9.6%) were consid-ered CD patients. whereas, patients who had either anti-AGA IgA (16.7%) or anti-tTG IgA (14.7%) positive were considered as symptomatic non-CD patients. The results showed that the anti-AGA IgA seropositivity was highly significant (P< 0.001) inCD patients compared to symptomatic non-CD pa-tients and control groups. Likewise, the anti-tTG IgA positivity was highly significant (P< 0.001) in CD patients compared to symptomatic non-CD patients and control groups. Both tests had similar sensi-tivity, but the anti-tTG IgA has higher specificity, accuracy, and positive predictive value. Conclusion: Serum Anti-tTG IgA is a good marker forthe diagnosis of CD among clinically suspected patients; however, for more accuracy both anti-tTG IgA and anti-AGA IgA can be used.

36-42

Authors: Assistant Lecturer Noor Sabri Nasser * , Assistant Lecturer Mohanad Whaeeb Mahdi ** , Sarah Saad Abdullah ***

The Research was conducted in the vegetable's houseof Biology Department - College of Education for Pure Sciences-University of Diyala during the season 2014-2013 on fenugreek (Trigonella foenum - graecumL.) in order to study the effect of spraying with licoriceextract by three levels 0, 2,3 g /l and spraying by four levels with poultry is 0,10, 15, 20 ml /l and their overlap in the growth of fenugreek In some recipes of vegetative growth and the product by using the global experience according to a complete randomized design C.R.Dwith four observations and the averages were compared byusing Duncan test which is polynomial test at probability level of 0.05. The results indicated lack of a significant effect for the all used concentrations of licorice extract in all traits while the spray with the organic fertilization extract of the poultry at concentration of 15 ml / liter led to register the highest moral values in the recipe of pods number 62.22 pod / plant and the numberof branches which reached to 5.55 Branch / plant compared with control treatment which recorded 46.11 and 4.33 respectively and there were no significant differences in each of the recipe of length and concentration of chlorophyll and weight of the registered pod in plants that are sprayed with the extract at concentration of 20 ml / liter which reaching to 117.77, 52.87, 93.05, respectively than in the treatment of spraying at concentration of 15 ml / liter which recorded 117.11, 51.93, 93.07 respectively. General, the interaction data indicate that the highest values for all traits in plants that were not sprayed with the extract of licorice and sprayedwith the extract of organic fertilization of poultry.

53-58

Authors: Lecturer Dr. Rana Abdul Sattar Jasm *, Assistant Lecturer AlMutasem Bellah waheeb Mahdi**, Assistant Lecturer Mohammed Waheeb Mahdi ***

This research was carried out in the internal hall of gymnastic in elementary school for boys in Diyala province for the year (2013) in order to identify the relationship between motor skills and their relationship to the performance of frontal hand jump on the ground movements rug ofthe technical gymnastic. The research sample consisted of 24 students representing the fourth stage - Institute of preparing teachers / effectiveness of artistic gymnastics, which can be invested properly and in a scientific manner that serves the achievement through the goodperfor-mance. He has been used a descriptive approach withscreening style for suitability of the nature of the problem. The sample was selected by intentional way and after the completion of the tests , data were processedaccording to the statistical program (spss) and analysis it in tables and discussed it , values of calculated (t) of the studied recipes (compatibility, speed of response, agility,flexibility) the total (0.70, 0.73, 0.80, 0.79) respectively, to achieve the goals of the research and provide everything modern like equipment and tools of technical gymnastic . The researcher found that there is a significant correlation between motor abilities and their relationship to the performance of frontal hand jump on the ground movement rug of gymnastic.

69-73

Authors: Prof. Dr. Sareeh Abd Al-Kareem Al-Fadli *, L.dr.Iman Sabeeh Hussein**, A.L Abbas Ali Lafta***

The problem of the research represented by that there is no one of the researchers or the trainers ensures about the importance of the correlated trainings of the instantaneous force as it is considered the basis to achieve the integrity to retain the linear momentum before and after upgrade and training the linear momen-tum training as it is a complementary factor for the weighted movements after pushing and upgrading and maintaining the mechanical situation of the body and its angular momentum and specially the conductor dur-ing application the skillful performance and what is the role of these trainings for legs and arms in deal-ing with the body mass and length as a whole duringperformance the skill of long jump , so the researchers depended on the second law of Newton of linear andangular movements to prepare the pushing trainings and the momentum and determination the pushing efficacy and the nature of motor transportation and mechanism of training and their role in the achievement . The goals of the research about identification the instantaneous pushing of the leg muscles and the instantaneous momentum of the leading leg muscles and arms which are necessary to perform Integration toupgrade with the long jump of the applicants and was chosen (8) jumpers who achieved best achievements during tests before championship clubs that Held at22-24 / 10/2014 and divided into two groups and the experimental group applied the special program of powerpush-ing training of the pushing leg and the instantaneous momentums for the leading legs and arms , tribal and posteriori tests were conducted in the variables ofinstantaneous pushing and motor transport and achieve-ment . The results showed the superiority of the experimental group in all the variables and achievement for the long jump.

1-7

Authors: *Dr. Mushreq Aziz Tnesh AL-Lamy, **Dr. Asaad Adnan Aziz Al-Safi

ABSTRACT The research aims to identify the impact of using stimulants on some biochemical variables which are (Testosterone, FSH, LH) and the proportion of infertility in bodybuilding athlete in the city of al- Diwaniyah. And also to identify the level of concentration of hormones (Testosterone, FSH, LH) of the bodybuilding athlete in the city of Diwaniyah. While the research methodology, the two researchers used the descriptive method and by the survey manner to appropriate the nature of the research. While the research sample was bodybuilding players in the province of al- Diwaniyah totaling (15) players and have been selected in the intentional manner and through statistical methods the researchers have reached to the most important conclusions which is; A decrease in the level of concentration of both hormones (LH, FSH) in a research sample, there is increase in the level of the concentration of the hormone (testosterone) for a research sample. Appearance of infertility ratio and that was a few for the research sample. As the most important recommendations was the need of athletes to keep away from the use of steroids and stimulants, especially the structural stimulants because of their significant adverse effects on athletes. Tests for the decomposition of blood of athletes who participate in tournaments periodically during training and competition. Emphasis on the results that have been reached that there are a large number of athletes using steroids and working to reduce and to fight this phenomenon through awareness.

14-22

Authors: Elliott Nkoma

ABSTRACT The study sought to determine instructional supervision of Performance Lag Address Program (PLAP) at secondary school level. Two schools participated in the study (one from former group A (S1) and the other from former group B (S2) schools). A total of 100 volunteer teachers (fifty from each school type) participated. A questionnaire with closed and open questions was used. Data was analyzed using a chi-square for independence while open ended questions showing similar themes were grouped together. The results show significant differences by school type on vision, curriculum modifications, staff development classroom supervision by HODs and head-teachers. Teacher comments indicate that head-teachers do not supervise classes and there is little staff development. No differences were found in collaborative work and resources but teacher comments indicated that there are no teacher teams in same subject areas or different subjects. Recommendations on PLAP are suggested.

37-51

Authors: Dr. Akram Hussein Jabr al-Janabi

ABSTRACT The athletics events have special specifications and requirements. Some of these events are games of track and field, middle distance running like (1500 m running), which plays the private bearing (speed and power bearing) plays a major role in the completion of this event, especially the follow-up of these qualities in each session of the race to get to know the strengths and weaknesses points at each runner. The importance of research is the design of curriculum for trainings with additional weights codified according to the body weight of the runner to develop speed, power and some of the kinematical variables and achievement of the effectiveness of the 1500 running. The problem with research is that a lot of coaches neglect the additional training weights (weighting) even if used by some coaches, they are widely used and does not fit with the athletes weights. The most important results is that the effects of prepared exercises significant and positive effects for some kinematical variables which is represented by the step length and a length of time (50 m) for the members of the research sample. Also non- significant effects appeared for some the kinematical variables which represented with the frequency of each step of each cycle among the members of the research sample.

59-66

Authors: *Prof.Dr. Amer Saeed AL-Khikhany, ** Ahmed kadim, * **Aymen hani AL-jubbory

Abstract Researchers interested in knowing the number of different factors and variables such as psychological toughness and psychological stability, so that the student can deal effectively with the psychological stresses they are facing and adapt with them to reach to the highest level. The research aims to identify the psychological toughness and psychological stability among the students of the Faculty of Physical Education, University of Kufa, as well as the nature of the relationship between psychological toughness and psychological stability among these students. The researchers used a descriptive approach in a survey manner. research community identified by the second stage students -Faculty of Physical Education- University of Kufa's totaling (90) student, and was selected sample of them totaling (30) student at random as well as (15) student of the exploratory experience. The researchers used a scale of psychological toughness which has been contained on the scale (47) paragraph, and a scale of psychological stability which has been contained on the scale (21) paragraph. Measurements of psychological toughness and psychological stability had been applied to the sample's students totaling (30) representing students of the second stage of Physical Education- University of Kufa to come out the researchers with several conclusions: • The majority of the second stage students have good psychological toughness and psychological stability. • There is a direct correlation between the psychological hardness and psychological stability. • The higher the psychological hardness and psychological stability the better the results.

74-78

Authors: Asst.Prof.Dr. Ghada Moayd Sheha

ABSTRACT The aims of the research are Identifying the effect of the constructional learning On education Some Motor Skills on the Balance Beam In Women's Gymnastics , The researcher used the experimental method The subjects were Two Year College of physical education students 2014were divided two groups, experimental group was applied the constructional learning and controlling group was applied method of learning. After data the researcher concluded following the Learning Motor Skills of Using Stlistic the constructional learning have apositive effect on the students motor skills as shown in pre and posttests.