The Journal of Middle East and North Africa Sciences

1-5

Authors: Nadia Natasha Reus; Tania Reus González; Raudel Cruz Aguirre; Juan Carlos Vázquez Sánchez

The recent research material will show the variables and results of the comparison of the financial planning habits of the students of pre-grade of the economic-administrative, biomedical and engineering division of Los Altos University Center, based on a matrix about the financial planning habits in four quadrants, built in financial habits regarding to the importance and urgency that the students consider them. It is analyzed the manner of improvement, modifications and how do they make their financial planning from their own criterion. A good definition for a habit could be an action that is made in a natural form until the extent of becoming in something spontaneous, that is to say, it supposes to change the behavior and this not always turn to be easy. The best way of achieving is through the perseverance and a strong conviction of the action we are trying to internalize will be beneficial for our life. For students, it´s helpful to manage a control of incomes and expenses. The personal finance is also based on habits.

11-32

Authors: Ale J. Hejase; Hussin J. Hejase; Anwar M. Tarhini; Joumana Younis

Lebanon, like other countries, has a special interest in conserving the integrity, quality, and fairness of its higher education, especially that it serves approximately 200,000 students registered in the scholastic year 2017-2018; these students injected millions of dollars into the private institutions. Students are seen as customers whose satisfaction and comfort jump to the front and prevail as the main doctrine that governs the educational process. The student-as-customer concept is a fundamental factor that plays a major role in educational institutions, even the traditional non-profit ones that basically depend on tuition fees incurred by the number of enrolled students in order to cover their inflated budgets; hence, the need to have satisfied stakeholder —students. This orientation has made the Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) a key criterion to evaluate the teaching process; especially since SET is currently used to assess and improve teaching and learning processes. Faculty members who are considered by the students, non-lenient, serious, strict, and highly demanding are put under pressure, if not penalized, irrespective if it is fair or not, hence leading to the former being frustrated. This research provides an insight into the frustration state of the faculty members at certain Lebanese universities due to the importance which is given to SET and its effects on the educational procedure and their careers per se. This research is exploratory and quantitative using a survey questionnaire distributed to 146 faculty members. Data is analyzed using SPSS software. Findings reveal that the majority of the said faculty members have a negative view of the SET evaluation process in terms of format, and the content of the corresponding questionnaires; results are seen as being ineffective and inappropriate means of evaluation. The SET evaluation process is complicated and the assessment survey differs from one university to another. Outcomes of this paper serve policymakers at the higher education institutions when setting the institution’s mission and vision and purpose; it may direct the continuous efforts to create agreed upon teaching and learning quality standards.

1-5

Authors: Alicia López Vázquez; Crisanto Tenopala Hernández; Maria Elizabeth Montiel Huerta; Kathy Laura Vargas Matamoros

After realizing a substantial analysis of the state of the art with respect to the SMEs of the clothing sector in the state of Tlaxcala and investigating their current context, it becomes crucial to focus research efforts to undermine the problems detected, considering the Innovation as an indispensable strategy to greatly counteract the current situation. With this background, this study aims to analyze the key factors that inhibit innovation activities in the aforementioned sector, as well as the percentage of companies that have carried out innovative activities in the last period of operation, which have an innovative interest. which have led or carried out an innovation process. For this purpose, a type of non experimental-transactional-descriptive research is used, where, through the analysis of information, a value proposition is proposed: "The design of an agent for innovation".

11-15

Authors: Miguel Rodríguez Juárez; Alejandra Torres López; Crisanto Tenopala Hernández

Higher education in the world is a field of profound transformations, with repercussions at the economic, social, political and cultural levels. For UNESCO "Education gives people autonomy by providing them with the knowledge and skills necessary for their own improvement through comprehensive training." In order to know the degree of skills acquired in their training by future graduates of the engineering related careers of schools of Higher Education of the State of Tlaxcala, a diagnosis was made to four government institutions, from which it is expected to know the trends that have the objects of study. This type of study was descriptive and deterministic.

21-26

Authors: Mercedes Valentinotti Dorantes; Kathy Laura Vargas Matamoros; Alejandra Torres López

The production of amaranth in the municipality of Hueyotlipan, Tlaxcala is in danger of disappearing because it has very low utility per hectare. To increase this utility, we intend to create a company that transforms the amaranth seed into pasta for soup. With this objective, a quantitative, descriptive and transversal research was developed through the application of a survey in the municipality of Apizaco (the nearest municipality with the largest number of inhabitants). A study of secondary sources is also carried out to know the tendencies of the supply and demand of similar products. From this study it was found that the product has good acceptance and that women in the age range of 30 to 49 years are the most interested in this type of product, in addition to the future projections indicate growth of the unsatisfied potential demand, concluding that there is a potential market for the product.

1-5

Authors: José Tapia Sánchez; Alejandra Torres López; Elizabeth Montiel Huerta;

The use of urban waste and its reuse it is related to the obtaining of social, economic and environmental benefits in terms of recycling, in the State of Tlaxcala given lack of production methods for the exploitation of waste tyres specifically out of use (NFU), they represent a problem of contamination of the environment. Starting from a market study was carried out an investigation that encompasses the technical study for the implementation of a discarded tires recycling plant, where it is obtained as a main component synthetic rubber that serves as raw material for multiple industries that manufacture components based on the same. The study consists of the analysis of localization options for the place of installation of the project, also define the costs of investment, operation, working capital needed to have a preliminary vision and carry out the financial analysis.

11-24

Authors: Ghazi Boulila; Houyem Sabta

In this paper, we try to shed light on the following question «Can the New Neoclassical Synthesis presuppositions be validated on the Tunisian business cycle?” To do this, we adopt structural VAR model for a small open economy after describing the stylized facts. The study examines five types of shocks: external shock, financial shock, inflation shock, monetary shock, and supply shock. According to the dynamic impulse responses function, supply shock, monetary shock, and external shock have an effect on the Tunisian business cycle. We also note that the effects of the first two shocks are transitory and deeper compared to the external shock. The latter shock shows a persistent effect on the Tunisian economic fluctuations in the long term. This result is also confirmed by the variance decomposition results. Firstly, the paper finds compatibility between stylized facts and the structural VAR model estimations. Secondly, the estimations highlight in particular the importance of monetary shock on the real sphere of the Tunisian economy. The results allow us to confirm the assumptions of the New Neoclassical Synthesis on a small open economy such as Tunisia.

1-7

Authors: Ahmed Tabbabi

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) is an important vector of viral and parasitic pathogens including dengue and chikungunya viruses. It is actually known as the most threatening invasive species in the world. In recent years these mosquitoes have invaded and adapted to both tropical and temperate climes where have been responsible for large outbreaks of diseases. The success keys of their invasion and establishment are mainly their phenotypic plasticity and adaptation to different environments. Its ecological plasticity and its superior competitive ability were reviewed and discussed based on the available published and unpublished reports. The consequences of their invasion on public health are also highlighted. Further, control measure plans related to the management and diseases transmitted by this invasive vector species are also discussed.

13-20

Authors: Mohammad Abdul Karim Mansour Al Zu’bi; Ghadeer Ahmad Falah Shawabka

Background: Fear had been defined as the emergence of symptoms of multiple anxiety as a case of emotional and physical or objective. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the fears and their relationship to psychological and social Adjustment and self-esteem in children in the age group of 12 to 16 years of both sexes, male and female, in the Irbid region schools in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Materials and Methods: a cross sectional descriptive study had been performed on a sample of 500 school children ranging in age between 12 to 16 years from the public schools of Irbid governorate, northern of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. A semi-structured questionnaire developed by the researcher investigating the socio-demographic factors and the psycho-social adjustment along with Rosenberg self-esteem scale had been administered over the study participants. Findings: The study results revealed that 50% of the study participants were having fears that are less than average. While there was almost 0.4% with severe fears, 51% of the sample was within the Pass category of the Psychosocial adjustment, and 57% of the children were passing Self-esteem test. Moreover, findings of the current study had shown that there is a correlation between children fear and their psychosocial adjustment level. About 111 students were characterized as poor psychosocially adjusted, while 134 students showed good to the excellent level of psychosocial adjustment. Socio-cultural factors result showed that the positive significant relationship is detected between residence area (Urban and rural), Income level, parents educational level and occupation. Conclusion: study findings conclude that: There was a statistically significant difference in fears among boys and girls, whereas girls exhibited higher fear intensity compared to boy’s sample. There is a significant relation of fears in children aged 12 to 16 years, to their psychosocial adjustment and self-esteem degree. Psychosocial adjustment and self-esteem are correlated positively and significantly affected by socio-economic and socio-cultural factors of the children.

32-39

Authors: Eire Bahena Paniagua; Crisanto Tenopala Hernández; Alejandra Torres López

The present study takes as a purpose to analyze the environment in general to propose the location adapted for the implementation of an incinerator of urban solid residues with catalytic cells in the state of Tlaxcala, to reduce the weight and garbage volume in the sanitary fillings of the state of Tlaxcala, which have a reception of 1,100 daily tons of residues that are deposited in the spaces of committal, this in accordance with the information provided by the dependence on general coordination of Ecology. The main elements of the problem of the garbage in urban municipalities of the state of Tlaxcala are the increasing total of urban solid residues that are rejected and that demand major infrastructure for compilation and its disposition.

1-4

Authors: Waleed Saud Alhussain

Anesthesia is putting the patient in a state of loss of consciousness so that the surgeon to perform the surgical operation, anesthesia is an aid in the field of surgery and not a therapeutic method, which serves to spare the patient a sense of pain and thus spare the surgeon to exert more effort so as not to cause more pain to the patient. The current study aims to assess the knowledge level regarding anesthesia among the Saudi community through the distribution of a semi-structured questionnaire on a randomly selected sample (N=117). Study findings had indicated that despite the good knowledge level about the possible risks of anesthesia on patients suffering from chronic diseases and the presence of various types of anesthesia, still there is a lack of knowledge in different anesthesia aspects such as the role of the anesthesiologist and the nature of the anesthesia process. The study recommended that an intensive awareness campaign aiming to educate people about anesthesia and the role of the anesthesiologist should be performed under the supervision of the Saudi health authorities.

11-17

Authors: Fayez Saad Fayez Al-Thuwayb

This study aimed to find out the main difficulties experienced by the EFL students at Bisha secondary schools with reference to prediction, reading comprehension, understanding and skimming abilities, to find out the EFL teachers perspectives on reading comprehension difficulties, to find out the perspectives of the experienced teachers on reading and investigate comprehension difficulties of EFL students at Bisha secondary school, and to bring forward recommendation to the teachers and the students on the various ways to tackle reading comprehension difficulties. To achieve these purposes, the researcher adopted the descriptive method by preparing a questionnaire, and this tool administered to (74) teachers working in secondary schools in Bisha, in addition to using the comparative descriptive method to compare the study sample responses means according to (academic level – years of experience) variables. Then the researcher used suitable series of statistical processes to get the study results which were as the follows: 1) There are difficulties in comprehension and summarizing a text, 2) Lexical Difficulties (Vocabulary), 3) Difficulties in Predicting the meaning of a text, 4) Difficulties in skimming and scanning a text. Finally, in light of the study results and discussion the researcher presented some recommendations such as paying attention to overcoming difficulties in comprehension and summarizing, paying attention to lexical difficulties and overcoming difficulties in predicting the meaning of a text, and Paying attention to difficulties in skimming and scanning a text. The researcher suggested that it is better to conduct a similar study on girl's EFL teachers from different areas of KSA.