Business Inform

10-16

Authors: Serzhanov V. V., Abramov F. V.

The purpose of this publication is to define the reasons for the inefficiency of the current demonstration formal rules governing healthcare activities and the reasons for the sustainability of the relevant formal rules. It is shown that the main reasons for the negative dynamics of the efficiency of formal rules in the healthcare sphere are the following: pressure on the part of individual interested groups, manipulation of public sentiments, and the spread of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the above named sphere. Unlike the demonstration formal rules observed in other areas of economic and public life, demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere are characterized not only by targeted, but also by significant transaction inefficiency. It is proved that numerous demonstration formal rules can not only reduce the efficiency of the medical system and slow down the pace of institutional reforms in the healthcare sphere, but also create conditions that pose a direct threat to human life and health. It is shown that, despite the symmetry of the costs associated with changing demonstration formal healthcare sphere regulations, the relevant demonstration formal rules can be preserved for a long time. The dynamics of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere is determined by the lack of a request from society for further institutional reforms in the healthcare sphere. The latter is due to the low level of general education of the population, which does not allow society to assess the targeted and transaction inefficiency of demonstration formal rules, also to a small level of additional transaction costs of bureaucratic procedures of each individual demonstration formal rule. Measures to prevent the spread of ineffective demonstration formal rules in the healthcare sphere are proposed.

27-32

Authors: Chernoivanova H. S.

The current difficult situation in the sphere of innovative labor in Ukraine causes the need for further development and deepening of research on the state of the organizational-economic provision for innovation activity and innovative labor. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the conceptual-methodological approach to the organizational and economic foundations of the provision for innovative labor. It is determined that innovation activity and innovative labor can be considered in modern conditions only in combination and represent altogether an innovative component of enterprise. To ensure the most effective management of innovations at the enterprise, conceptual provisions are developed on the organizational-economic principles of ensuring innovative labor, which are based on an integrated approach that is an integration of the process, functional, system, situational and strategic management approaches. It is concluded that the organizational-economic provision of innovative labor should take into account both the generalization of the theoretical foundations of organizational-economic provision in modern conditions, as well as the substantiation of its elements and relationships according to individual management subsystems, which must be presented in the form of a mechanism. The conceptual-methodological approach to the organizational and economic provision of innovative labor is formed, the methodological basis of which is the provisions of the modern theory of organizations, the humanistic concept of management together with the innovative paradigm and which is based on the system approach. The subjects of organizational-economic provision are innovative labor and innovative component of the enterprise. And the objects, respectively, are special requirements, as result of the transformation of which (in the process of innovation activity) an aggregate of rules and norms, tools and levers of their interaction is formed, aimed at achieving the efficiency of innovative labor.

40-56

Authors: Khaustova V. Y., Reshetnyak O. I., Khaustov M. M., Zinchenko V. A.

The development of information and communication technologies (ICT) increases its impact on all spheres of socioeconomic activity, stimulates innovative development and contributes to the creation of new jobs. The purpose of this publication is to study the development of the ICT sphere in Ukraine according to international indices and rankings, and to determine the prospects for its development. The methodological basis of the article contains: review of international indices and rankings in the ICT sphere, graphic and statistical analysis. The most significant international rankings and indices that characterize the level of development of the IT sphere in the countries of the world are considered. Conventionally, they were divided into early indices that reflected the level of development of ICT countries in the world in general, and modern indices that largely reflect the development of certain directions of the IT sphere of the countries of the world. Early indices such as Infostate (Orbicom) and ICTOI include information on providing consumers with traditional communication technologies, while ICTDI, DOI already take into account the impact of using more recent communication technologies, i.e., the Internet. All early indices measuring the level of development of ICT of the countries of the world characterize the state of infrastructure development, use of and skills required by ICT in Ukraine as an average that should be improved. Among the modern indices, the structure of indices and the dynamics of values are considered on the example of Ukraine according to: Network Readiness Index (NRI); Global Communication Index (GCI); Inclusive Internet Index (3I-index); IMD World Digital Competitiveness Ranking (WDCR); Global Cybersecurity Index (GCsI); National CyberSecurity Index (NCSI); Global Innovation Index (GII); Global Knowledge Index (GKI). Most of the analyzed international rankings and indices demonstrate the strengthening of Ukraine’s position in the world ICT market in the pre-war years. With significant potential in the ICT sphere along with supporting its growth, we can hope for its rapid recovery and further development

62-69

Authors: Novikova O. F., Khandii O. O., Shamileva L. L.

Martial law in Ukraine causes changes in all spheres of ensuring the life of the population and the country as a whole. Active hostilities in a large area of many regions have led to a mass displacement of the population both on the territory of Ukraine and abroad. Obtaining either the status of an internally displaced person (IDP) or refugee status, puts forward requirements for the State to develop a policy of keeping IDPs from external migration and returning refugees to their homeland in order to preserve the human potential of the country, in particular, labor and educational potential. Making urgent managerial decisions in the social and labor sphere is of strategic importance for the restoration of territories in the postwar period and tactical importance for the integration of IDPs into host communities. Uncertainty of the terms of hostilities, constant change of the territories in which active military actions are conducted, require a quick response on the part of the State together with the adoption of relevant regulatory documents and amendments to the current ones aimed at protecting and supporting both internally displaced population and internally displaced businesses, returning refugees to Ukraine. The article is aimed at assessing the losses of labor and educational potential during martial law in Ukraine. The publication identifies the main risks in the labor sphere associated with martial law, examines the main imbalances determined by the socioeconomic risks and dangers. According to the authors’ methodology, an assessment of the losses of the labor and educational potential of Ukraine during the period of martial law is presented, which provides a substantiation for the directions of managerial decisions on its preservation and restoration. The main directions of prevention and minimization of risks in the labor sector and in the labor market are proposed. Attention is focused on the issues of long-term social integration of IDPs along with the development and implementation of measures to promote the return of refugees on the principles of social justice and non-discrimination.

75-83

Authors: Grynko T. V., Hviniashvili T. Z., Zahinaylo V. A.

The article summarizes the main aspects of the formation of business communications under modern business conditions; the connection between leadership and communication skills of the head of company is determined and the forms of entrepreneurial activity on the basis of leadership and business communications are substantiated. The components of leadership, in particular organizational, tactical and strategic spheres, are analyzed. Based on a study of the essence of the gestalt approach, it is determined that the formation of effective leadership and business communications is represented by taking into account individual and collective goals and is grounded on determining the competitive advantages of team members and key participants in business processes. The article substantiates the importance of mastering the skills of electronic communication (netiquette), on the basis of which contemporary business processes are built, negotiations are conducted and other forms of online communication are provided. A special role of leadership and business communications is assigned in the implementation of innovative activities of the organization, because the creation of a significantly new product requires greater organization in making managerial decisions, which is ensured, first of all, by high-quality communication skills of the head of company. According to the results of the study of the peculiarities of business communications, the problems of building interpersonal communication within an innovative organization are identified. The identification of specific characteristics and features of doing business in the new conditions of the digital economy allowed to determine the main conditions for the development of innovative leadership in modern organizations, the quality of an effective leader, the body of his skills and competencies. The role of leadership is determined, which is updated in a new way in connection with constant changes in the business environment and the development of many spheres of human activity, as well as the sphere of influence of leadership and communications when ensuring the development of modern entrepreneurial structures.

92-99

Authors: Pylypenko A. A., Tyrinov A. V.

The challenges of the fourth industrial revolution require the reorientation of accounting systems and economic analysis to modern achievements in the field of digitalization and automation of business processes of enterprise. At that, although accounting is a key source of information formated for managerial decisions, it must necessarily be consistent with the data from other information-analytical systems, which requires solving a number of problems described in the article and changing the parameters of its organization. The article is aimed at the development of theoretical-methodological provision for changes in the parameters of the organization of accounting of economic entities under the influence of the fourth industrial revolution and digitalization of the economy. The implementation of the purpose of the article is based on the hypothesis of approximation of the parameters of an accounting organization to the elements of the corporate architecture of enterprise with the simultaneous expansion of the functionality of the accounting system through the use of system engineering practices described by the set of standards of the world organization for standardization. An additional requirement was the need to transform accounting from a simple system of information collection to a system to support the management of an economic entity by means of business forecasting, modeling and preliminary processing of information. As a result of proving the authors’ hypothesis, a model of system-process representation of the paradigm of accounting organization was developed, the instrument for the construction of which was the technology of displaying an event-driven process chain (EPC). The developed EMF chart reflects the logic of alternating functions as to maintaining the relevance of the accounting system in accordance with the requests of users of accounting data. Accounting in this case is considered as an element of a single data management space, which is formed by developing an ontological model of the enterprise’s activities. The actual implementation of the accounting organization project is proposed to be based on the combination of functional analysis and synthesis of elements that ensure the implementation of an expanded list of functions. At the same time, the implementation of the service paradigm for meeting user requests for accounting data is envisaged. Within the framework of EMF modeling, a set of documents on regulating the process of both record keeping and organization of accounting is elaborated.

108-118

Authors: Tytykalo V. S.

The article considers the prerequisites for the implementation of spatial and process management of enterprises, taking into account modern development trends. It is determined that the implementation of enterprise potential management processes is possible in spaces that ensure effective functioning in the external environment. The developed scientific-methodological approach to the assessment of its components on the basis of a structural and logical model of strategy formation in the conditions of spatial and process management of economic potential of enterprises in the process of structural transformations is presented. The reasons and components that led to the change of the external environment are substantiated, with influencing which the enterprise can efficiently manage its own internal changes, constantly be committed to innovation and thereby ensure strong competitive positions. The assessment of their level of influence is carried out in accordance with the proposed stages. A structural and logical model for the formation of a strategy for managing the economic potential of enterprises in the process of structural transformations depending on the level of economic potential, the form of financial provision and the influence of the external environment, on the basis of the proposed cube of strategies, was developed, which allowed to form an aggregate of functional strategies. The positioning of machine-building enterprises in the cube of strategies was carried out in order to form a strategy for managing economic potential depending on the form of financing, the level of economic potential and the impact of the external environment.

126-133

Authors: Bondarenko О. M.

The article discusses the peculiarities of students’ perception of their own self-management in difficult conditions of transition to distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and hostilities in Ukraine. An analysis of research and publications of domestic and foreign scholars on the problems and trends in the development of higher education during and after the COVID-19 pandemic was carried out. The publication is aimed at studying the self-management of students as a factor in their effectiveness in the conditions of distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. The object of research is the process of improving the self-management of students during distance learning. The subject of the study is the self-management of students during distance learning. The article provides the results of a survey in which students of full-time and correspondence departments of the specialties «Economics» and «Management» of the Faculty of Business and Social Communications of the State University of Intellectual Technologies and Communications took part. The study was conducted during the 2021/22 academic year, using a Google survey. The study involved 124 students of both budget and contract forms of education. According to the results of the survey, conclusions were drawn about the perception of distance learning by students, their valuation of their own effectiveness, the level of personal self-management and its impact on academic success. Most students believe that it was easy for them to switch to distance learning to varying degrees, with a fairly large percentage of students adapting to a new form of education insufficiently, as evidenced by a large percentage of students with a reduced educational performance, compared to previous results. The majority of respondents feel quite effective in the new conditions, which indicates that they are capable of self-management at a level that satisfies them. It is noteworthy that almost all respondents positively valuated their own self-management. The emphasis is placed on the importance to introduce the methods created to increase the level of self-management of students at the higher education institutions.