CASUS

1-12

Authors: Alexia del Rosario Arbieto Fajardo

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre la prevención del COVID-19 en padres de familia de una institución educativa inicial de la provincia de Yauyos, Lima. Materiales y métodos: estudio correlacional de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 100 padres de ambos sexos. Se usó el programa estadístico Stata para el análisis univariado y bivariado de los datos. Resultados: los participantes resultaron con promedios de conocimientos de 13.28 puntos. El promedio de actitudes fue de 36.16 y un 62% mostró prácticas regulares sobre prevención del COVID-19. Se encontró relación entre el nivel de prácticas preventivas y las actitudes sobre prevención del COVID-19 (p-valor 0.025). El nivel de prácticas se asoció con la procedencia de información (p-valor 0.050) y la actitud se relacionó con tener algún dispositivo con internet (p-valor 0.001) y con haber tenido COVID-19 (p-valor 0.038). Los conocimientos se relacionaron con el nivel educativo (p-valor 0.025) y contar con un dispositivo con acceso a internet (p-valor 0.002). Conclusión: los padres tienen promedios que indicarían conocimientos altos y actitudes indiferentes, así como prácticas regulares sobre la prevención del COVID-19. El nivel de prácticas se relaciona con la procedencia de la información, la actitud con tener un dispositivo con acceso a internet y con haber tenido COVID-19. Los conocimientos se relacionan con el nivel educativo y con contar con un dispositivo con acceso a internet. Es esencial considerar los conocimientos y actitudes de la población para tomar decisiones y acciones preventivas sobre el COVID-19.

19-30

Authors: Gaby Rosmery Gutierrez Arias, Vanessa Ermelinda Quiñones Espinoza

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre la calidad de vida y la inteligencia emocional en estudiantes que realizan prácticas pre-profesionales de una universidad de Lima Norte. Materiales y métodos: el estudio corresponde al tipo correlacional de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 100 practicantes que cursaron el 5to año de estudio. Los instrumentos que se utilizaron fueron la Escala de Calidad de Vida de Olson & Barnes, el Inventario de Cociente Emocional de ICE-BarOn y una ficha de datos sociodemográficos. Para el análisis estadístico se empleó el programa Stata 14 y se utilizaron las pruebas de Chi-Cuadrado, Kruskal Wallis y ANOVA, y para la prueba de normalidad se empleó ShapiroWilk. Resultados: la calidad de vida no se relaciona con la inteligencia emocional (p=0.585). Por otro lado, se evidenció relación entre la calidad de vida general y algunos componentes de la inteligencia emocional: manejo del estrés (p=0.049), estado de ánimo general (p=0.040). Además, se halló relación entre la inteligencia emocional e ingreso económico (p=0.000) y horas de sueño (p=0.025). Conclusión: la calidad de vida del interno se enfoca en un estado de satisfacción que varía de acuerdo con las condiciones internas y/o externas del ambiente cotidiano. En este sentido, la baja capacidad del estudiante para percibir y afrontar de manera adecuada aquellas situaciones difíciles a las que está expuesto a nivel social, académico, familiar y socioeconómico impacta en el nivel de coeficiente de IE.

39-47

Authors: Daniel Sergio Silva Dominguez, Yocelin Luque Villanueva

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre los indicadores de ansiedad, depresión y satisfacción familiar respecto al miedo al COVID-19 durante la pandemia. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 556 participantes con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 69 años, varones y mujeres, de la ciudad de Lima Metropolitana. Se utilizó una ficha sociodemográfica e instrumentos psicométricos (Gad-7, ansiedad; PHQ-9, depresión; SSF, satisfacción familiar; y FCV-19, Miedo al COVID-19) para la recolección de los datos. Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas según el tiempo de cuarentena (p=0.004), siendo los participantes de la primera ola quienes presentaron mayores indicadores. Conclusión: las variables ansiedad (p<0.001), edad (p<0.001), sexo (p<0.001) y quienes indicaron tener familiares o amigos contagiados por COVID-19 (p=0.049) presentaron relación significativa y directa con el miedo al COVID-19. Mientras que respecto el momento de las olas de contagio (p<0.001) se encontró una relación inversa.

56-59

Authors: Alfredo Gutiérrez Govea, Carlos Cabrera Ramírez, Dalia C. Villalobos Salazar

Reporte de caso de una enfermedad poco frecuente, la cual se presentó con datos clínicos de insuficiencia cardíaca, siendo sumamente infradiagnosticada por su sintomatología poco específica. El caso fue detectado con ecocardiograma y corroborado mediante resonancia magnética cardíaca utilizando los nuevos criterios diagnósticos publicados en el 2011. El presente reporte señala la utilidad de estos nuevos criterios diagnósticos sobre el uso de ecocardiograma.

98-105

Authors: Max Jhonatan Palomino Incalla; Natalia Guissel Villarreal Navarro; David Hernán Andía Vilcapoma

Objective:to determine the effectiveness of hypopressiveexercises on urinary incontinence in patients of the department of medicine and rehabilitation of a National Hospital of Lima in 2019. Materials and methods: it is a pre-experimental explanatory study. The population consisted of 15 patients who attended from July to September. To assess urinary incontinence, the International consultation on incontinence questionnaire-short form (ICIQ-SF) was used, which consists of 9 items, 3 of them about frequency, quantity and impact and 6 more questions related to the type of urinary incontinence. The hypopressive exercise program was applied during a period of 10 sessions with a frequency of 2 times per week.Results: regarding the results of the inferential statistical evaluation carried out with the Student's T test for related samples, an effectiveness of hypopressive exercise in urinary incontinence was evidenced (p=0.001). Statistical significance was also obtained in the dimension on the impact on their daily life (p=0.001) after the intervention.Conclusion: hypopressive exercises are effective in urinary incontinence. In addition, it has been shown that they can reduce the impact on the daily life of women who suffer from pelvic floor dysfunction.

118-130

Authors: Lady Luz Peralta Cabrejos; María Cecilia Torres Flores

Objective:to determine the relationship between the video games addiction and the criminal antisocial behaviour in secondary school students from a public school in Lima. Materials and methods: the population consisted of 196 students of both sexes, from 11 to 14 years old. The study was correlational with a cross-sectional design. In the statistical analysis, Stata 14 was used. In the descriptive analysis, frequencies and percentages were used. At the inferential level to find the relationship between main variables, the Chi-square was used. Likewise, to evaluate the video games addiction the Test of Dependence of Videogames (TDV) was used and to evaluate the antisocial criminal behaviors, the Behavior Questionnaire (A-D) was used.Resultsthere was a relationship between the video games addiction and the sex (p=0.031), the type of game (p=0.029), the time they spend playing (p=0.001) and who does he play with (p=0.048). On the other hand, a relationship was found between the criminal behaviour and age (p=0.013) and with the time they spend playing (p=0.039). Also, a relationship was found between antisocial behaviour and failed courses (p=0.047) and school year repeat (p=0.039). Finally, the criminal behaviour and the time theyspent showed a significant relationship (p=0.039).Conclusion: the video games addiction and the criminal antisocial behaviour are not related, due to the students not presenting a pathological use to be considered addiction, although a small percentage of participants is evidenced that show an average antisocial behaviour. Likewise, many who repeated the school year exhibited antisocial behaviours.

138-144

Authors: María Eugenia González Farfán; Miguel Norabuena Robles; Amelia Olortegui Moncada

Objective: to determine the degree of autonomy of the elderly after 100 days of confinement due to COVID-19 in Peru. Materials and methods: analytical cross-sectional study, the population consisted of 71 older adults between 60 and 100 years of age after 100 days of compulsory confinement. A virtual survey was conducted through social networks from July 1 to July 31, 2020 using the Barthel index. For the statistical analysis, the data was emptied into the Microsoft Excel program and, later, the statistical software SPSS® Statistics, Version 25 was used. The results were presented in tables with frequencies and percentages. Results:the personal autonomy of the elderly decreased slightly except in the displacement activity; 84.5% of the participants reported musculoskeletal pain during confinement and 66.2% of these, moderate pain. Conclusions:social confinement leads to a decrease in physical activity, negatively impacting the personal autonomy of the elderly.

152-159

Authors: Deivy Navarro Guerrero

Objective:to determine the relationship between internalized stigma and self-esteem in patients attending the psychology service. Materials and methods:correlational study with cross-sectional design. The sample consisted of 112 people attending the psychology service of a hospital in Tarma. The main variables were internalized stigma and self-esteem. The SPSS version 24 program was used for descriptive and inferential data analysis where the Chi square statistical test was used. Results:50.9% of the patients presented high internalized stigma and 93.8%, high self-esteem. Likewise, it was found that there is a relationship between internalized stigma and self-esteem (p=0.005), between the dimension of disclosure and self-esteem (p=0.024), also with the dimension ofpositive aspects (p=0.005) respectively. Conclusion:internalized stigma and self-esteem are related, because the people studied could have developed activities such as studies or jobs, which allows them to strengthen their self-efficacy and therefore notidentify with the group of people with mental illnesses. People who tend to value the experience of mental illness to extract the positive would generateresilient attitudes.

169-181

Authors: Zoila Nuñez Moreno; Jack Real Mori

Objective: to determine the relationship between personality factors and communication styles in couples participating in parish groups in northern Lima. Materials and methods:it was a quantitative study of correlational scope and cross section. The sample of 60 couples selected in a non-probabilistic way. Questionnaire 16 Pf-5, the couple assertion questionnaire and a sociodemographic record were used. At the inferential level, the Chi-square test was considered with 0.05 of statistical significance. Results:an association was found between the variables: openness to change and assertive CE (p=0.046); Aggressive CS with daring (p=0.021) and vigilance (p=0.045); tension and submissive CS (p=0.004); Passive aggressive CD with agreeable factors (p=0.028). Likewise, personality factors were related to the CS perceived in the couple. A relationship was found between the parochial group variable with the factors: attention to norms (p=0.022), daring (p=0.025), sensitivity (p=0.001), vigilance (p=0.030), apprehension (p=0.012), openness to change (p=0.017), tension (p=0.000), and dominance (p=0.000). Conclusions:personality factors are associated with communication styles. This suggests that personality factors are what guide communication and the way in which the person expresses himself in such an everyday situation as living together in marriage.

50-59

Authors: Milagros Maribel Chiroque Pisconte

Objective:to determine the association between resilience and quality of life in parents of children with disabilities at a Polyclinic in Lima Norte. Materials and methods: a cross-sectional correlational study was conducted. Chi square and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis. Regarding the instruments, the Wagnild and Young resilience scale and the Olson and Barnes quality of life scale were applied.Results: a significant association was found between resilience and the parents' quality of life (p = 0.00), likewise the resilience dimensions such as perseverance (p = 0.006) and personal satisfaction (p = 0.01) were significantly related with quality of life, in addition, income was associated with resilience (p = 0.001) and quality of life (p = 0.00).Conclusion: although a child's disability can be considered as a stressor for parents, they can develop a resilient capacity that is driven by perseverance in seeking a better quality of life for their family and on a personal level. For this, a comprehensive work is needed that also involves health personnel and the community.

70-77

Authors: Josselyne Escobedo Encarnación; Gian Carlo Doria Palomino

Objective:to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and healthy habits of the inhabitants of Rioja. Materials and methods: observational study, with a descriptive-correlational scope and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 182 inhabitants and their healthy habits were evaluated by means of a questionnaire classified in eating habits, physical activity, emotional state, family relationship and addictions.Results: the average of healthy habits in the residents was 75.09. The place of residence was associated with healthy habits (p = 0.04) and addictions (p = <0.001); sex with information habits (p = 0.03) and addictions (p = 0.01); the degree of instruction with information habits (p = 0.03) and addictions (p = <0.001); and the self-report of some chronic disease was associated with healthy habits (p = <0.001), physical activity (p = 0.01), emotional state (p = 0.01) and family relationships (p = 0.05).Conclusion: those who live in the district of Rioja and those who self-report not having a chronic disease obtain the highest averages of healthy habits. Likewise, the highest averages of the dimensions correspond to those with higher education and are women. However, these high averages in the addictions dimension correspond to those who belong to the Rioja district, are women and have incomplete primary school. It is recommended to implement health strategies through information and the adoption of healthy habits to a rural population of the Jungle.

1-7

Authors: Flores Blancas, Jakeline; Ortiz Romaní, Katherine Jenny

Objective:to determine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and knowledge about gastric cancer prevention in users of a health center. Materials and methods: study was descriptive-correlational in cross section. The sample was 118 users who were treated at a health center in Lima-Peru, 2018. The variables of the study were knowledge of gastric cancer prevention and sociodemographic characteristics. Student's t-tests and ANOVA were applied for inferential analysis. Results: the mean knowledge about gastric cancer prevention was 8.7. The sociodemographic characteristics associated with knowledge were educational level (p=0.05) and type of health insurance (p=0.05). The lowest scoring means are observed in primary (mean=7.9) comprehensive health insurance (mean=8.5). Regarding the association between the characteristics with the biological factor dimension, it was only found with the Region (p=0.01) and the mean with the lowest score of this dimension was obtained from natural users of the Sierra. Conclusion: knowledge about gastric cancer prevention is associated with educational level, type of health insurance, and regarding the biological factor dimension, it is associated with the natural region. Lower scores are obtained by those who have a primary educational level, comprehensive health insurance and those of Sierra origin. For this reason, nursing personnel must carry out interventions to promote and prevent this pathology in the community.

18-25

Authors: Tafur Orahulio, Yolanda Milena

Objective:to determine the relationship between the perception of family functioning and anxiety-depressive symptoms in secondary school students from a public school in North Lima. Materials and methods: the type of study used was correlational; likewise, the research design was cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 190 3rd, 4th and 5th grade secondary students from a school in the Independencia district and was selected through a non-probability sample. At the inferential level, the Chi-square statistical test was used with a significance level less than and equal to 0.05; while at a descriptive level frequenciesand percentages were used. Results: 67% and 51% of the representative sample show presence of anxious and depressive symptoms, respectively; Likewise, 32% of adolescents have a mild dysfunctional family perception. Similarly, a relationship was found between the perception of family functioning and anxious (p=0.006) and depressive (p=0.000) symptoms. On the other hand, there was a relationship between the perception of family functioning and academic performance (p=0.000) with the type of family (p=0.001) and with the number of siblings (p=0.033). Conclusion: students who reported family dysfunction present anxious-depressive symptoms. Since manystudents perceive their parental nuclei with inattention and little commitment in their personal development, reflecting their dissatisfaction through signs of anxiety or depression. Likewise, the factorsthat favor having this perception of dysfunction are the type of family, the number of siblings and the impression of a regular academic performance.

34-40

Authors: Arroyo Castillo, Mónica; Peralta Gonzales, Sadith

Objective:to determine the factors associated with the level of ergonomic risk in percussionist musicians. Materials and methods: study of quantitative approach with correlational scope of non-experimental cross-sectional design. It was applied to 91 percussionists belonging to the city of Lima. The RULA instrument wasused to assess the ergonomic risk levels present in percussionists during musical performances, other variables such as age, type of percussion (determined height, undetermined height), total hours per week, musical frequency and years were also considered. from experience. Results: 38.46% presented extremely high ergonomic risk, 34.07% high risk and 27.47% medium level. Years of experience, age, type of percussion and musical frequency were factors associated with ergonomic risk. Conclusion: almost four out of ten percussionists were at an extremely high ergonomic risk level. Likewise, with a greater age range, the level of ergonomic risk increases.

137-146

Authors: Esteban Zapater-Ferrer

Objective:to determine the relationship between the disposition to critical thinking and resilience in psychology students of a private university in North Lima. Materials and methods: non-experimental, cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 209 psychology students, over 18 years of age. The type of sampling is not intentionalprobabilistic. The main variables were the disposition to critical thinking and resilience, measured through the Scale of Disposition to Critical Thinking and the Resilience Scale of Wagnild and Young, respectively. The Stata 15.1 statistical package was used, analyzing normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and using the Chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis tests.Results: the sample presented an average age of 20.56 years. It was found that there is a significant relationship between the disposition to critical thinking and resilience (p=0.000) and between the latter and the search for truth (p=0.001), mental amplitude (p=0.008), the ability to analyze (p=0.001), systematicity (0.019), confidence in reason (p=0.000), curiosity (p=0.009) and maturity to makejudgments (p=0.000). Conclusions: the levels of disposition to critical thinking, search for truth, mental breadth, capacity for analysis, systematicity, confidence in reason, curiosity and maturity to make judgments, are associated with the levels of resilience. In addition, both constructs are shown as elements in reciprocal interaction, increasing the levels of one as the other increases and vice versa.

153-161

Authors: Daniela Barraza-Mendoza; María Flores-Aime

Objective:to determine the relationship between the quality oflife and the happiness perceived in female students of Lima Center. Materials and methods: the study corresponds to the cross-sectional correlational type. The sample consisted of 245 female students, from third to fifth grade of secondary school. The instruments that were used were the Olson & Barnes Quality of Life Scale, the Lima Happiness Scale and a sociodemographic data sheet. For the statistical analysis, the Stata 15 program was used. As for the descriptive analysis, frequencies, percentages, average and standard deviation were calculated. On the other hand, the Shapiro-Wilk, Chi-Square and ANOVA tests were used for the bivariate analysis. Results: a significant relationship between happiness and quality of life was evident. Likewise, a relationshipwas found between happiness and the dimensions of quality of life: home and economic well-being (p=0.000), friends, neighborhood and community (p=0.000), family life and extended family (p=0.000), education and leisure (p=0.000), media (p=0.017), religion(p=0.001) and health (p=0.000). Conclusion: the quality of life is related to happiness. This indicates that in certain contexts adolescents perceive that their poor quality of life interferes with theirstate of happiness. However, due to the stage in which biological, psychological and cultural changes are found, their perception can vary significantly.

170-175

Authors: Josselyne Escobedo-Encarnación; Elsa Zavala-Palacios; María del Carmen Taipe-Aylas; Frank Peralta-Alvarez

Objective:to determine the strength of association between depressive manifestations and nutritional status in institutionalized older adults in Lima and Callao. Materials and methods: an explanatory and cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was made up of 128 individuals over 60 years, of which 50.8% were women and 49.2% men. Depressive manifestations were evaluated using the Yesavage Geriatric Depression Scale, reduced version (GDS) and nutritional status was determined through the Mini Nutrition Assessment. An inferential analysis was performed to establish the association and strength of association of the variables. Likewise, the data were analyzed using the Chi Square and the Logistic Regression model with the statistical program Stata version 13. Results: an association was found between both variables (p <0.001); and depressive manifestations were positively associated with the presence of risk of malnutrition OR 7.91 (95% CI 3.13-19.9). The results obtained are not extrapolated to the elderly population in communities; however, they are valid for institutionalized elderly populations. Conclusion: depressive manifestations and female sex are strongly associated with the risk of malnutrition in institutionalized older adults.

187-193

Authors: Alessandra Bethzabe Quesso-Flores; Emilio Oswaldo Vega-Gonzales; Zoila Mosquera-Figueroa

Objective:to determine the effectiveness of the PANTBC program in the nutritional status of patients with tuberculosis treatment at Microred Airport in the 2018–2019period. Materials and methods: longitudinal descriptive study, in which anthropometric and biochemical measurements were evaluated for all attendees of the PANTBC program. Data collection and survey techniques were used as techniques during the six months of treatment of the disease. Results: in the 30 patients who attended the program, there was improvement in the BMI from 18.12 to 23.13 kg / m2; and in the biochemical parameters, especially hemoglobin, which increased from 11.5to 13.8 g / dL in women and from 12.84 to 13.27 g / dL in men. Two months were recorded that the basket was not delivered throughout the Microred. Conclusion: anthropometric and biochemical parameters improved as a result of the treatment and contribution of the PANTBC basket, although its distribution shows irregularity.