Spirituality of a Personality: Methodology, Theory and Practice

6-16

Authors: V. M. Alfimov

The article reveals the essence of the scientific giftedness of the individual, presents the main characteristics of its manifestation in high school students. It is emphasized that, despite numerous scientific publications on research training of high school students, the management of this training requires further study of the experience of the lyceum at Donetsk National University as such an educational institution which has created effective practice of developing scientific giftedness during its twenty-four years’ existence. The outcome of such work was positive learning motivation of the students, their steady interest in acquiring new knowledge, the need to replenish knowledge, skills to process special literature, analyse, synthesize, compare, abstract, generalize, observe, make conclusions, forecast, etc. That training enables the lyceum graduates to enter universities, defend PhD and doctoral dissertations, become researchers, which proves the importance of a holistic approach to scientific and practical training of high school students, was actively implemented in the lyceum at Donetsk National University. The articles emphasizes that the integral nature of the development of scientific talent of students in the lyceum at Donetsk National University was ensured by the creation and implementation of a program of scientific and practical training of high school students. The content of the programme, forms and methods of its implementation are analysed. Special attention is paid to the lyceum scientific society and its museum, the principles of its work, as well as the training course "Theory and methods of scientific research", the cyclogram of the organization of research work of future scientists, the annual scientific-practical conference of lyceum students, the results of scientific-practical training, and encouragement of students and their teachers.

28-43

Authors: N. V. Bakulina

The article substantiates the urgency of the problem of forming cultural and linguistic competence of lyceum students in teaching Hebrew, analyzes linguistic, linguodidactic, educational and methodological literature and current regulations to determine the scientific and methodological foundations of competence-oriented teaching of Hebrew in lyceum, presents the results of the statement and formative. pedagogical experiment to study the state of formation of cultural and linguistic competence, determining the level of its formation as a result of experimental training and correction of the proposed content of educational materials. Thus, the concept of "cultural and linguistic competence", the leading principles of teaching Hebrew in lyceum, the basic components of the content of cultural and linguistic competence of lyceum students in the process of learning Hebrew, quantitative and qualitative analysis of research results to identify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The obtained results were applied to the development and refinement of the content, methods and techniques of competency-based teaching of Hebrew in lyceum and to the preparation of a manuscript of sections of the textbook "Methods of working with cultural texts in Hebrew lessons in lyceum". The study confirmed its relevance and prospects, proved the motivation for the application of the proposed methodology, which has a holistic nature and is based on scientifically sound and properly tested didactic and linguodidactic principles. The study addresses only one of the problems of teaching Hebrew in high school. We see the prospect of further research in the theoretical and technological development of other problems of competence-oriented teaching of the Hebrew language in view of the culturally appropriate paradigm of education and modern innovative pedagogical learning technologies.

58-68

Authors: L. E. Bielovetska

In this article, we discuss key issues about English language proficiency in Ukraine, focusing in particular on the level and kind of proficiency that English language teachers need to have to support their classroom teaching. We define the concept of proficiency and how it is usually measured, and then present some data about teachers and students’ English language proficiency in Ukraine and Europe. The next section discusses research that helps us understand why a threshold of proficiency is required for effective teaching. As many teachers may not have reached a level of proficiency considered sufficient for effective teaching. The article used a report by the British Council on testing of a small sample of teachers of English language using Aptis test. The author relies on survey of the EF English Proficiency Index. It has been identified that there is an urgent need to establish a national network for defining and tracking English language proficiency in order to set appropriate standards for students and teachers at all levels of education. It is noted that there is generally no official data on English language skills by teachers, and the available data are not always easy to interpret. It has been found that to improve the quality of teaching, it would be useful to start by setting the minimum requirements for all English language teachers at C1 level on the scale of the Common European Guidelines for Language Education. The study is based on reports of British experts and modern scientific publications, submitted to international researchers who have focused on the problems of determining the level of English and the prospects of Ukrainian universities in the aspect of the English language.

82-93

Authors: M. M. Bukach

This article focuses on problems of harmonization of society’s and personality's relations at the level of values and value orientations. Values are shown as the level at which the individual's and society's paths are intersected. It is important that these processes are taking place against the active social changes, which require clearer and more focused axiological accents in public education policy. Also, they are taking place on focusing on the focus of attention on spiritual and moral issues at the level of the practice of educational institutions. The need for changes in value orientations is justified at the current historical stage of development. The necessity of creating and applying the value system in educational activities is also argued. This value system is built on the basis of national traditions as a means of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation. Attention is drawn to the need to activate spiritual and moral education and state support for this process. A person can set high spiritual and moral goals, to perceive and support the system of spiritual values generally accepted in the state only with certain social support and confidence in the future. Values are viewed as the key core of the personality since they create the basis for various relationships in which a person actually functions. Attention is focused on the interdependence of such qualitative indicators as the stability of the realm, adherence to democratic principles, and the level of development of the creative potential of citizens. A person is presented as the highest value, which, provided the appropriate conditions are provided, is capable of strengthening society and the state. We used theoretical methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, as well as empirical methods of observation and study of the products of activity in the research. The outcomes reflect the need to consider the problem of values as a social and pedagogical one that allows involving teachers, psychologists, culturologists, and sociologists in its solution. The work done gives grounds to assert the advisability of conducting a value analysis. These values were introduced at the previous stage of social development, to answer the question - what is the reason for the difficulty of changing the value orientations of the population and why restructuring is so painful in our society.

103-111

Authors: V. M. Vakulenko

The author of the article carries out a historiographic analysis of the problem of the higher education development in Ukraine, substantiates the main stages of its development based on the historical characteristics of the country, and identifies the trends and content of each of them. According to the author, in the history of higher education development in Ukraine, one can single out several stages conditionally based on historical events. The first stage (1576–1805) was the emergence of higher education, and the emergence of the first training centres; the second stage (1805–1850) – organizational – the emergence of universities on Ukrainian territory, which was part of the Russian and Austro-Hungarian empires, the improvement of education content; the third stage (1850–1917) – specialization of higher education institutions, taking into account modern transformations in industry; the fourth stage (1917–1991) – the Soviet period of the higher education development: the increase in the number of higher education institutions and the number of students, the introduction of distance learning, the improvement of educational and methodological support and the quality of students’ education; the fifth stage (1991 to the present) – the approval of Ukraine’s independence: reforming, decentralizing and democratizing higher education, empowering higher education institutions, granting academic freedom to choose forms and methods of study, increasing the role of students’ independent work, and integrating into the pan-European education system.

124-133

Authors: G. V. Globa

The unexpectedly rapid transition to online education in the 2nd semester of 2020 due to the COVID-19 outbreak became a challenge for the domestic educators in Physical Education. Despite the abundance of newest health-tracking and sports devices, apps, and online platforms and channels, appropriate sport facilities and equipment are still necessary due to safety restrictions and for conduction of good quality PE and sports classes. Ukrainian climate conditions do not allow a year-round outdoor training in the public premises. Lack of sports equipment in private apartments, insufficient supply of Ukrainian families with computers and telephones of the new generation, lack of Internet access in 35% of families, inability to use sports facilities even for teachers for shooting video lessons, etc. resulted in a drop in the success of university students of PE departments. The failure of half-a-year PE classes’ results on the state level was eloquently pronounced with the Ministry of Education official recommending assessment of students’ year PE results by the I-st semester grades. Thus, the need to analyze the efficiency of online-teaching experience in domestic physical education arose. The article analyses the pitfalls of the introduction of distance education in the field of physical education of students of Ukrainian universities according to the criteria of effectiveness proposed by A. Veremchuk (effectiveness, accessibility to all segments of the population, resource intensity, efficiency, democratic communication "teacher-student", and comprehensive software technologies) and recommendations for compensation of the mentioned problem.

146-157

Authors: S. A. Ivanov

The problems connected with socio-pedagogical support of adolescent from vulnerable groups are actual because of two reasons: more and more adolescent undergo different kind of crises in the process of their own growth and socialization and at the same time, the researches, which shows effective models for achieving, successfully socialization and integration to young people agent social life are insufficient. At this context the examination of questions are connected with this research, have theoretical and practical mean. To be effective the socio-pedagogical support has to be positive perceived and to be carry out from those that the teenager has trust. That determines the aim of the present research, to analyze and study the perceived the socio-pedagogical support of adolescent from vulnerable groups. The research has been conducted in Consulting center of young people for intensive socio-pedagogical support to children and teenagers. The center work as a professional Clearing house in the area at youth professional help, and implement social specialized services for provision the best support to youth. Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) has been used аs a research instrument. The results of research stand out the problems in the family like source of social support. In contrast, of this the young people perceive support from their own friends and from professionals, which work for them in the centre. They separate the special place to the romantic partner, if she or he exist. The highlighting of friends and the significant others like subjectively perceive source of social support directs us four founding adequate models for socio-pedagogical support that have to be used in Consulting center of young people for intensive socio-pedagogical support. This support should be implemented in group activities, confidential conversations, sports, entertainment based by trust, empathy and mutual understanding.

168-182

Authors: O. P. Luchaninova

The article emphasizes that the harmony of spirituality and culture of a modern student lies at the junction of a complex of sciences: the student as a person must build their socio-psychological space, philosophically treat the problems of modernity as a life choice towards humanity and educational values. The author emphasizes the interdisciplinarity and its role in the harmonious combination of spirituality and culture of a student of a modern higher education institution, because the problems of studying and educating a student for whom the socialization process ends in a higher education institution are intertwined with many disciplines. Important reflections are given on the social crisis that has developed in society on the verge of quarantine and deepened during it, when spiritual and moral values recede into the background. It is determined that today the influence of high school on the spiritual world of future professionals and the impact of the crisis of society, its moral and psychological atmosphere on the spiritual world of student youth. The potential possibilities of culture are emphasized, and the formation of harmony in the combination of spirituality and culture in a modern student should be carried out with the help of a pedagogical organized process. The author draws attention to the fact that the education of any direction takes place against the will of man, because he educates other people, circumstances, actions, conditions in which a person falls. It is determined that interdisciplinarity in the formation of the future personality specialist can be traced on the example of disciplines from the program of professional training of applicants for specialty 015 - vocational education. Examples of effective pedagogy of citizens during quarantine are given, who withstood the test of strength of spirit and spiritual and moral values, showed humanity and mercy. Due to this harmonious content of man as a person, not only society, but humanity can continue its existence. The author proves that the student on the way to himself grows spiritually throughout life, fills life with meaning and values that will become a guide in further professional activity.

195-202

Authors: O. Ye. Proshkina

The article substantiates the need to use the latest pedagogical technology Flipped Learning during Distance education in order to increase the motivation of students, their activation and improve the quality of knowledge, skills and abilities. Educators should focus on changes in the technology of training organization. At present it is essential to create new, completely different educational conditions in order to improve teaching and learning processes. The aim of the article is to reveal the essence of the Flipped Learning method and prove its relevance within this period. This article is aimed at motivating teachers to find, study and change their technologies in the organization of training, in which the student becomes an active participant in educational activities. The purpose of the Flipped Learning technology is to turn over the familiar to everyone educational process. Considering the advantages of this method in this article aims to help teachers implement Flipped Learning to their practice. The method discussed in the article is based on such ideas as Blended Learning, active learning, involving students in general activities and a podcast. The value of Flipped Classroom is the ability to use the class time for group sessions, where students can discuss the content of the new topic, test their knowledge and interact with each other in practical activities. Flipped Learning involves changing the role of teachers who give up their leading positions in favor of closer cooperation and collaborative commitment to the learning process. The article also indicates the types of Flipped Classroom and some difficulties of implementing this method in teaching process.

214-223

Authors: A. V. Sydoruk

The article describes the term "practical training" as a component of vocational education, reflects the laws, content, methods and forms of organizing the process of formation of readiness of higher education applicants in their professional activities. The views of scientists on the organization of practical training of students in the field of knowledge "Sphere of service", as well as legislative documents regulating the process of practical training, are analyzed. Educational and methodological support for practical training is an end-to-end practice program for each educational level according to the educational program and a practical work program for each of its types. The list of types of practice for each specialty and educational program is determined by the educational components of educational programs, the duration and duration of the practice are determined by the curriculum. The practical training of students in the field of knowledge "Service Sector", which includes the specialties "Tourism" and "Hotel and Restaurant Business", includes types of practices, educational-familiarization and production. The current epidemiological situation in our country and the world, and the development of a special mode of organization of the educational process, such as distance learning (online), are characterized. The activities of organizing the distance practical training of applicants for the education of these specialties are determined by using the online platform "Moodle", as well as the online platform for organizing video conferences "ZOOM".

234-243

Authors: Iv. V. Trichkov

The aim of the article is to raise the issue of the importance of family support in children with behavioral and emotional disorders. It notes that it is the environment that has a huge impact on the formation and becoming of the child. This is because it is in the family that the foundations of the human personality are built. In a favorable environment, they should create beauty in life, balance of spirit, a sense of security. But the family environment would have an educational effect only if the child is actively involved in it. It is the first "experimental field" for human life. The inclusion of the child in the family environment and his upbringing in moral virtues is one of the practical ways for his socialization. Unfortunately, many families fail to provide emotional support to adolescents, fail to create this psychological comfort and security. Disruption of this emotional connection with parents, lack of emotional support can easily lead to serious damage to the psyche of a child and this can easily lead to irreversible consequences in behavior and emotional development and its formation. Problematic children are usually the result of family conflicts, lack of parental love, upbringing in cruelty, rudeness and inconsistency in parental actions. Children almost always absorb not only the positive but also the negative patterns of behavior coming from the parents. It is unrealistic and ineffective for parents to demand exemplary behavior from their children if they themselves are not carriers of it. The future of the child also depends on the example and the educational impact of the parents. Very often in the hectic daily life of us adults we do not have time to pay enough attention to the emotional and behavioral development of our children. We often forget that the behavioral and emotional disorders of some children are a cry for help, which unfortunately is often misunderstood by others. If left unnoticed by adults, these negatives can take root in the form of various feelings in the minds of adolescents and have a negative impact on their mental and emotional development and well-being, and lead to serious behavioral and emotional dysfunctions.

256-268

Authors: D. Paul Schafer

Given all the problems that exist in the world today - from the COVID-19 pandemic and racial violence and prejudice to the environmental crisis and colossal disparities in income and wealth – people everywhere in the world are being severely challenged and thinking a great deal about the development of their personalities and lives. When Edward Burnett Tylor defined culture as "the complex whole," it was apparent that all people live a "cultural life" as a whole made up of many parts. Matthew Arnold went farther in this regard by contending that the challenge in life is to create a "harmonious cultural life" through the development of all our faculties and powers. Johan Huizinga went even further when he provided a powerful and profound insight into this matter by stating that the challenge is to create balance and harmony between the material and non-material dimensions of life, and therefore all the diverse activities and developments in the world and in life. Given the severe imbalances and disharmonies that exist in this area at present as a result of placing a much higher priority on the former dimension compared to the latter dimension, it is clear that this problem can only be resolved and rectified by placing a much higher priority on the development of non-material activities such as the arts, humanities, education, and spirituality going forward into the future. Not only is this the key to coming to grips with many of the world’s most complicated and life-threatening problems and changing directions in the world and in life in the future, but also it is the solution to developing our personalities and lives as balanced and harmonious wholes. This will result in a great deal more caring, sharing, compassion, cooperation, conservation, and creativity in the world, thereby putting us in a much stronger position to come to grips with the problems we will be confronted with in the future, creating more compatible lifestyles and ways of life, achieving sustainable development, and becoming cultural personalities in the realistic and idealistic sense.