Acta Innovations

5-17

Authors: Monika Staniszewska, Ewa Kochańska

There is a high need for cooperation of entities from different sectors of economy to make the development more efficient and fruitful. For the reason that clusters and networks are complex structures while analysed alone, it is a specially hard task to create networks of cooperation not only within them, but also between them. While the international component is added there, it seams of crucial importance to create a cooperation model with a well-­‐designed monitoring system to make such cooperation possible, which was made the main goal of the article.

23-26

Authors: Beata Gotwald

The purpose of this article is to show the importance of e-marketing in creating the image of the tourist region of Lodz. It shows that image management is key task for regions, in view of the fact that the images (not the actual products) are evaluated, compared and chosen by consumers. Due to the fact that Łódź Province is regarded by respondents as the least attractive of all the Polish provinces, a number of measures to improve its image are presented and some problems that require extensive and in-depth research and study are outlined.

33-47

Authors: Stanisław Aleksandrow, Dorota Michalak

This article aims to analyse the potential of the Lodz Region for the construction of biogas plants, in the context of the position of the Polish government plans in terms of sustainable energy. Interpretation of the results of a survey conducted among entities generating organic waste is given. Article is concluded with recommendations from the study and SWOT analysis of the Lodz region for the formation of biogas

5-21

Authors: Iwona Adamkiewicz, Marcin Dudojć

While analyzing open innovation, it is crucial to mention the issue of clusters and analyze them with a special concert. In Lodz Region the idea spreads slowly, nevertheless it is crucial to concentrate on regional policy as a condition for development of such initiatives, but also – the effectiveness, methods of communication and relations of cluster members, because only the contact based on trust is a valuable one.2 The main aim of the article is to present the results of in-­‐depth study on the state of open innovation in Lodz Region, with special concert devoted to Bioenergy for the Region Cluster.

30-38

Authors: MATEUSZ KAROLAK

The purpose of this article is to present the legal aspects related to innovation in renewable energy in Poland. In particular, projects of the Renewable Energy Act and its consequences as well as regulations concerning the protection of intellectual property within patents and inventions in the field of renewable energy are discussed. Polish legislation in the field of renewable energy is compared with German regulatory framework.

44-47

Authors: Maksymilian Kochański

The article deals with the issues of health and human life valuation as an instrument for building a strategy for socio-economic development on different governance levels. The focus has been placed on the listing and evaluation of methodologies for valuation of life and health and identifying areas of possible applications. At the same time an attempt to explain the reasons why these methods have met with moderate interest from the public sector is made. The summary lists the areas in which the use of health and life valuation methods can contribute to improving the quality of the processes of diagnosis and increase of the efficiency of strategic plans.

5-14

Authors: Tomasz Napierała

Presented collection of articles constitutes the summary of research undertaken by the editor and the authors within the scope of the project entitled “Tourism for the Region Integrated Program of Development for Doctoral Students”, financed from European Union funds within the scope of the European Social Fund. Articles present conclusions from research on the quality of tourism management in the region of Lodz. They were confronted with the assessment of the effectiveness of the process in the Norwegian Oppland County, performed during the execution of the aforementioned project, and mainly during a studio visit conducted in the first week of May 2012.

43-61

Authors: Maciej Adamiak, Tomasz Napierała

In this paper, the authors determined the specific features of the construction of budgets in Poland and Norway and showed areas of tourism occurrence in the budget classifications of both countries. Then, thoroughly analysed the expenditures made by municipalities and counties of the Lodz region, booked in the financial accounts which content was strongly connected with tourism. Authors had focused on direct relationship, as well as indirect effects on the development of tourism through promotion, development of culture and sport. The obtained results were compared with corresponding values observed in the Norwegian county of Oppland and its municipalities. It should be emphasized that by completing the research project, authors gained knowledge to identify strengths and weaknesses of the of local budgets in Poland and Norway. Flexibility of classification and the high comparability of local government units\\\' budgets at all levels are the main advantages of Polish budgets. On the other hand, the precise description of budgets and high quality of official statistics are undoubtedly advantages of Norwegian local government budgets. The fact is that the resources available to the Norwegian local authorities, even after taking into account the difference between purchasing power of the Norwegian krone and Polish zloty, are objectively higher. It is worth noting that the amount of funds allocated to finance specific activities, such as those related to the development of tourism, cannot be equated with the efficiency of their spending. However this question was not the subject of research undertaken by the authors. Described research project gives the authors the ability to assess the position of tourism in the Polish and Norwegian budget classification. Although the Polish classification revealed a dedicated account that was directly connected with tourism, at the same time it was diagnosed to have minor importance in planning and constructing local budgets. Therefore, the problem with both Polish and Norwegian budgets is the lack of possibilities to perform simple estimations of the amount of resources assigned to the areas of tourism development. The authors suggest to perform a specific study within this range and develop a diagnosis of individual tasks financed by the government and determine the degree of their impact on the development of tourism in the municipalities or counties. Therefore they hope that this article will be a contribution to make further research on the importance of tourism in local government budgets.

7-68

Authors: Adam Jasiński

In recent years, agritourism has become one of the most popular forms of tourism. It is not easy to promote it, so most rural tourism farms are not able to promote their services on their own. This requires special qualifications and financial resources. The solution to this situation seems to be the use of the Internet, thanks to which the owners of agricultural tourism farms have the opportunity to use specialized agritourism portals, where they can publish inform ation about their own services for a small fee. The author of the study decided to look more closely at this form of promotion of agritourism services. The subject of his research was the effectiveness of promotion using Internet agritourism portals in the light of the opinion of their users. The survey covered Internet portals promoting agritourism in the Łódź Voivodeship. Particular emphasis was placed on researching the portals belonging to public organisations dealing with agritourism, including the Agr icultural Advisory Centres, agritourism associations, the Regional Tourist Organisation of the Łódź Voivodeship, Local Tourist Organisations, municipalities, poviats, Local Action Groups and other institutions. In order to obtain a fuller picture of the st udy, these portals were analysed from 3 perspectives: the analysis of the content conducted by the author of the study, opinions of owners of agritourism farms as well as opinions of private persons interested in using the offer of agritourism farms and ob taining information on them using Internet agritourism portals. The study showed that on the Internet there are many non - integrated portals containing offers of agritourism farms from the Łódź voivodeship. The portals vary in functionality and offers presented. There is no single comprehensive portal dedicated to the region of Łódź. This causes confusion among Internet users and makes it difficult to access important information. In addition, the author noted a number of shortcomings regarding the prom otion of services on existing agritourism portals. At the same time, it should be emphasized that in the author’s opinion, Internet agritourism portals have much greater potential for promoting agritourism in the Lódź region than is currently used. In conn ection with the above, the report presents a number of recommendations which, in the author's opinion, could significantly improve the quality of these portals and help in developing a new comprehensive agritourism portal for the region, which in turn will result in attracting new tourists and at the same time promoting the entire Łódź Voivodeship. Prepared recommendations are divided into strategic and operational ones. The first of them are addressed to the institutions responsibl e for setting the strategy for the Łódź Voivodeship in the scope of tourism development and innovation. This type of institution includes: The Marshal Office of the Łódź Voivodeship and self - government units in the region. The second group of recommendatio ns was addressed directly to economic entities, including institutions responsible for the promotion of agritourism in the region (Agricultural Advisory Centre, agritourism associations, Regional Tourist Organisation of the Łódź Voivodeship, Local Tourist Organisations, Local Action Groups), owners of commercial agritourism portals and owners of agrotourist farms of the Łódź region. Strategic recommendations concern mainly such aspects as increasing the use of new information technologies and innovative solutions for the promotion of agritourism farms and development of a comprehensive agritourism portal for the region. The author draws attention to the need to include these issues in the strategic regional documents (i.e. Development of Tourism in the Łó dź Voivodeship Programme, Regional Innovation Strategy and the Regional Operational Programme for the Łódź Voivodeship) and in the promotional strategies of poviats and municipalities, which define the scope of activities of these entities in the field of tourism promotion (agritourism). In addition, the Marshal Office of the Łódź Voivodeship, as a public institution responsible for the promotion of tourism in the region, should strive to build a new comprehensive agriturism portal for the region, integrate d with existing tourism/agritourism portals. A comprehensive portal should be understood as a portal which includes 3 main functions: information, booking and communication. In the case of operational recommendations, the author considers that owners of In ternet agritourism portals (commercial and those of the institutions responsible for the promotion of agritourism in the region) should aim to develop and improve existing portals because at present they do not present a sufficient level of technological a dvancement and they do not meet the needs of Internet users looking for agritourism offers. Expansion and improvement refers here to the removal of problems detected during research and adding new functionalities, including the use of innovative IT solutio ns. Moreover, these portals should enable the owners of agritourism farms to publish the most interesting and extensive offers and their later editing. In addition, the author pays special attention to the needs of organizing trainings, conferences, forums , publishing of articles and conducting research in the field of promotion of agritourism in the Internet. They will allow the owners of agritourism farms to be made aware of the benefits of this form of promotion and thus provide them with knowledge of ho w to effectively use the promotional tools offered by the Internet. Additionally, based on the results of the study and recommendations presented by the author, a model for the construction of an online agritourism portal was created. The model is based on the principle of benchmarking and draws the best standards, e. g. from the portals which have been tested. Therefore, in the future the model can be used to build a professional and comprehensive agritourism portal for the region of Łódź..

113-158

Authors: Maciej Guz

-

4-20

Authors: Kirsten Hasberg

The significance of renewable energy resources is commonly recognized. The challenges are there to create cooperative bodies, which would impose certain solutions to make the idea not only well known, but also understood and implemented. The example of such cluster initiative is deENet, which is presented below. The goal of this article is to present the scheme of cooperation within a cluster body and present the results of deENet opetarion’s analysis.