Acta Innovations

20-29

Authors: Paulina Pędziwiatr, Dawid Zawadzki, Karina Michalska

Fish and seafood production has grown steadily in the past five decades. Total world fisheries and aquaculture production reached 167.2 million tonnes in 2014 [1]. Intensive fish production triggers growth in the amount of waste processing, which has serious environmental impacts. Utilization and energy recovery from fish waste have become areas of interest for the global economy. Specialized methods and techniques have been developed to acquire biomethane, biodiesel and biofertilizer from fish biomass. Also, using physical, biochemical and thermochemical processes, relevant substances (such as fish protein hydrolysate, natural pigments, chitosan and collagen) can be obtained.

40-57

Authors: Krzysztof Jastrzębski, Aleksandra Jastrzębska, Dorota Bociąga

In the modern world, there is an increasing demand for implants, and technologies connected with their manufacturing. One of the possible paths of their development relates to the use of diamond-like carbon coatings (DLC) for the improvement of surface properties of the biomaterials used for implants. Further improvement of the mentioned properties can be induced by means of doping of the coating. Among the elements which are under current investigation of researchers, the following can be placed: Ag, Si, F, Cu, Ti, Ca and P. This paper reviews previously published experimental data concerning mechanical and physicochemical properties of DLC coatings doped with Ag, Si, Cu, Ti, Ca, F and P as candidates for biomedical applications. Although plenty of articles are published in the mentioned field, the differences of coatings’ synthesis techniques, various sources of dopants and substrates, as well as conducted experiments make no consistent view about a possible solution for their future implementation in medicine. Some of the selected dopants (Cu, Ca, P), still require better characterisation of mechanical properties. There is a necessity to conduct studies of mechanical and physicochemical properties of DLC coatings doped with these elements. This will enable adjustment of the necessary technological parameters to biomedical requirements.

13-25

Authors: Bogusław Bembenek, Katarzyna Kowalska

The article consists of three integral parts. It characterises the essence of the functioning of creative clusters, the concept of open innovation and crowdsourcing strategic dimension. Considerations presented in the article are focused on the importance of crowdsourcing in the development of creative clusters. The problem of using crowdsourcing to solve complex problems can be evaluated with multiple levels and multiple perspectives. The authors emphasise that this model of communication between cluster members and external stakeholders allows the use of internal and external resources of creativity in the process of co-creation of positive changes, including innovations (e.g. entrepreneurial solutions to local and global new challenges). They indicate that the implementation of the crowdsourcing in creative clusters can have both, a commercial dimension, where new business projects are the result of the transfer of knowledge, and a non-commercial one, for instance, a wider use of this concept in the development of creative spaces. It was stressed that innovativeness is one of the attributes of entrepreneurial orientation of clusters. Moreover, the key barriers to development of open innovation within a cluster environment are different problems related to intellectual property. The article is based on theoretical research (literature review) and on desk research. Considerations contained herein are conceptual and provide a starting point for further research on the impact of crowdsourcing on the open innovation process within creative clusters.

51-59

Authors: Karolina Kafarska, Wojciech M. Wolf

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) are class of drugs with antipyretic, analgesic and antiinflammatory properties. They have also exhibited anti-tumor activity. Even though the mode of their antiinflammatory activity action is well understood, they exhibit significant adverse effects. Metal complexesation with NSAID may be a promising option for side effects reduction. The novel silver complexes with commonly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: ibuprofen, naproxen, mefenamic acid and ketoprofen, were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR- spectroscopy and thermal decomposition techniques. Coordination of ligands to the silver ions was confirmed by IR spectroscopy. IR data clearly indicate that NSAID anions are bonded in a monodentate mode. The thermal behavior of complexes was studied by TG, DTG and DTA methods in air. Upon heating all compounds decomposed progressively to silver oxide, which was the final product of pyrolysis.

71-80

Authors: Maksymilian Kochański

The economic costs of electricity generation in Poland differ significantly from its accounting costs. Overt and covert forms of public support and taxation obscure the picture of the relationship between the public sector and the energy industry, and give rise to speculations whether one generation technology is privileged over another, i.e. used more often than other technologies with lower economic costs. The analysis presented in this article shows that there are significant differences in terms of impact of individual electricity generation technologies on public finances in Poland.

13-20

Authors: Dominik Grzesiczak, Przemysław Postawa

This article presents the possibilities of using the waste material obtained from the vehicle fuel tank (high density polyethylene PE- HD) as an addition to products. The waste material is added to the original polymer in an amount of 10% , 20% and 30%. The following tests have been performed during the research: differential scanning calorimetry DSC, static tensile test, hardness degree determined by pressing a steel ball, and also optical microscopy of obtained breakthroughs in samples made of liquid nitrogen. In addition, there has also been performed an analysis of mixture of original polyethylene that contains 10%, 20 % and 30 % of HD - PE polymer, which has been turned back for recycling from the production line. The aim of the research is to determine the recycling possibilities of polymeric materials obtained from the waste that emerged on the production line and in the fuel tanks of vehicles which were withdrawn from use as materials that during the utilization process have been subjected to a long-term connection with petroleum. Description of the mechanical and structural properties is an attempt to answer the question concerning usefulness of polymeric materials after utilization.

26-30

Authors: Monika Smaga

The article describes quality parameters of coffee grounds and tea grounds, as main components of a potential sustainable fuel. Samples were tested to determine the calorific value, humidity content, amount of sulfur and ash produced in the subsequent process. The research has shown that biomass consisting of coffee and tea grounds may become a high-energy, sustainable solid fuel. Additionally, the possibility of producing pellets from such materials has been tested and a suitable binder, which would allow forming granules of appropriate size, has been selected.

43-49

Authors: Grzegorz Szymański

The main objective of the study is to identify the forms of shopping among the Polish Internet users. The results of a survey conducted on the sample of over 13,000 respondents were analysed. Despite the dynamic development of the m-commerce sector, almost 90% of those polled use a traditional personal computer for online shopping. While analysing the results in terms of gender and the category of assortment, it was concluded that there are significant statistical differences. Men are more likely to buy in online shops, particularly large disparity was noticed in the pharmaceutical industry and the electronics and household appliances industry. While analysing the impact of the category of assortment on purchasing channel, differences exist in the area of tools, sport and pharmaceuticals where the products are more often purchased in conventional stores than in their online counterparts.

16-24

Authors: Agnieszka Bedka, Kamil Brocki, Karina Michalska

Nowadays it can be seen that interest in renewable energy is growing up significantly. Among others we can observe huge development of fuel cells. These devices are used mostly for power production but it is not their only application. There are lots of different types of fuel cells. One of the lasts inventions are microbial fuel cells (MFC), which are based on use of microorganisms. There are lots of research focusing on constructions and application of MFC in different ways.

37-44

Authors: Marta Bątkiewicz-Pantuła

The article presents evaluation of the quality of electricity in the network cooperating with hydroelectric power plant. The assessment was based on the Decree of the Minister of Economy dated 4 May 2007 on detailed conditions for the operation of the power system and the norm PN-EN 50160: 2010 – Voltage characteristics of electricity supplied by public distribution systems. The analysis was based on actual measurements made by power quality recorder Fluke 1760. The analysis particular emphasis has been to:  values of higher harmonics and voltage distortion factor (THDU)  Power factor cosφ.  Active power. Assessment of quality of electric energy will be discussed based on the analysis of the measurements

52-59

Authors: Marzena Smol, Joanna Kulczycka

The paper presents a methodology for evaluating the Best Available Techniques Not Entailing Excessive Costs (BATNEEC) options for the management of by-products from biomass combustion - ash. Biomass ash BA was collected from Green Energy Block in Połaniec (Poland). Four variant of BA disposal were analysed: 1st - the storage of BA on conventional municipal waste landfills; 2nd, 3rd, 4th - use of BA for fertilisers production (2nd – 70% of BA, 3rd - 45% of BA, 4th - 90% of BA). Technical, environmental and economic consequences of the actions in the field of waste management technology were considered. BATNEEC evaluation indicated that the collected BA on dump (1st variant) is technical, environmental and economic inefficient, this solution has received lowest score - 29 points. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th variants have received 124, 113 and 30 points, respectively. This indicates that there are quantitative restrictions on substitution of nutrients in mineral fertilisers. Due to the possibility of secondary pollution during waste usage in agriculture, the use of BA in fertiliser products requires compliance with environmental rules - only the nutrient rich and rather heavy metal poor fractions of BA shall be used for fertilising and soil improvement purposes.

14-22

Authors: Karina Michalska

Sewage sludge represents the main fraction of municipal waste generated in Poland. Since its production increases rapidly, an effective method for its decomposition needs to be found. Due to conventional energy sources depletion, new solutions allowing for renewable energy production are recommended. One of the methods for conversion of sewage sludge into green energy is application of the fuel cells feeding with gaseous residuals of sewage sludge, obtained as a result of different thermal or biological processes. Such a system can be easily modified and adjusted to the individual needs, which makes this solution very promising. The article analyses biological and thermal processes that can be used in converting sewage sludge into a useful input for various types of fuel cells.

33-48

Authors: Mykola Kyzym, Viktoria Khaustova

The article investigates the features of industrial development in countries belonging to integration associations — the European Union and the Customs Union, as well as the policy to support industrial development carried out in them, its targets, mechanisms and instruments. The study is based on analyzing the input-output tables for 38 countries, covering the period of 1995–2011. There have been analyzed: the dynamics of global production, growth rate of output and structure of industrial products in EU and CU countries, share of industry in the economy, growth rate of output and structure of industrial exports, export orientation of industrial production, growth rate of the internal market capacity and consumption structure of industrial products, growth rate of GDP of high-tech industries and share of high-tech industries in industrial GDP. There have been ranked: 20 EU and CU member countries — the largest manufacturers of industrial products, largest exporters and importers of industrial products, 20 countries leading in capacity of the internal market for industrial products, 20 EU and CU member countries with the highest level of import dependence of the internal market for industrial products, 20 EU and CU member countries leading in terms of GDP of hightech industries. Basic features of the industrial policy in European Union countries as well as in CU member countries have been studied, their differences and weaknesses defined.

58-66

Authors: Olga Polyakova, Viktoriia Shlykova

The article is devoted to revealing the peculiarities of Ukrainian researches in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The comparative analysis of publications, patents and R&D resources in Ukraine and developed countries has been performed. It is shown that the tendency in Ukrainian researches in nanoscience and nanotechnology corresponds to the global trend. But the share of researches in nanomedicine in Ukraine is significantly larger than that of the global ones, while the share of nanoelectronics is too small. The built models allow forecasting the number and share of publications in different branches and demonstrating the gap between Ukraine and other countries.