International Journal of Social Sciences and Education Research

1452 - 1455

Authors: Kadri Yıldız, Ahmet Gökhan Yazıcı, Kenan Çadırcı

Aim: Snowboard and skiing are differnt winter sport methods. This study aimed to compare the two techniques. Methods: In the 2016-2017 winter season, 108 winter sportmen/women were evaluated for traumas in Palandoken Ski Center/Erzurum. 61 of 108 were ski-user (Group A) and 47 were snowboard-user (Group B). Results: In Group A, traumas were: 27 knee, 16 elbow, 11 hip and 7 ankle. In Group B: 21 wrist, 11 skull, 9 vertebra, 6 knee. 6 cases have needed intensive care in Group B, and only one in Group A. Conclussion: Snowboard has balance-active, younger and easy-learning method. Skiing has speedy, prolonged-time, more harder method. Traumas of snowboard may be more mortal than skiing; but skiing more morbid than snowboard.

1463 - 1470

Authors: M. Engin Sanal, Nihan Çam, Yasemin Koldere Akın

The unionization of women in the world for various reasons differs from that of men. In Tekirdağ province where the study has been conducted, it is observed that the unionization rates differ by gender around Turkey. As a result of the study, it was observed that especially the fact that women workers think that the trade union, which they are the member of, will help them in the problems they face at the workplace causes them to become the members of the trade union. Then, it was also observed that while thinking that there will be an increase in their incomes, the effect of trade union members in the individual’s environment, social activities of the trade unions for the members and their families mostly affect the tendency to trade union membership, benefiting from social rights to be provided by the trade union membership takes the last place.

1478 - 1484

Authors: Yılmaz Seçim, Gürkan Uçar

Turkish Cuisine is shown among the top three cuisines in the world by many sources. It is a fact that he deserves more than this title. From the beginning of 1990's Turkish cuisine has been presented to the tourists who coming to the country with the development of tourism. But some meals such as kebab, döner are on the foreground, while höşmerim (a sweet made of unsalted cheese), cheese halva, kunafah did not find the place that they deserved. On the other hand, tiramisu with cheese and cheesecake consumed by many people, in the world. In order to bring the desserts produced by the cheese into the forefront, tourists should be included from the beginning of this making process. With this method, new destination areas will be formed and at the same time the recognition of Anatolian culinary cultures will be increased.

1494 - 1506

Authors: Ayhan Bulut

The values ​​of poetry and poetry are influenced by the rapid change and transformation process. Because the complexity of social relations is nourished by the process of rapid change and transformation that is mentioned in many directions. The change in the perception of the outer world of the masses not only changes the content of the poem but also the language. The strengthening or weakening of poetry as a value is related to the ideological content that shows its position on the concrete world. Yusufçuk dergisi follows the breaks of those living in real life and opens the debate on the source of all the problems in the past and demonstrates their efforts to overcome these problems. In addition to the important names of Turkish poetry, young poets provide space for poetry on their pages, allowing for new developments with the attitude they have developed around the concept of poetry. Questioning what poetry is is one of the main problems of the Yusufçuk magazine. These questionnaires, which aim to make the poetry noble identity, are worthy of filling the gaps formed because there are no good values. Especially, in the questions made around the language, the differences between the natural language and the poetic language, the connection of the elements constituting the poetic structure with the tradition, and how the cultural values ​​that shape the spiritual presence of the poet influenced poetry by reason. In this study, the discussions about the poems of the x magazine, the contribution of the young authors to the Turkish poetry about the staff, and the problematic opening of the Turkish poetry will be examined. Thus, the ideology and poetry of the magazine will be tried to be embodied.

1522 - 1532

Authors: Birol Demircan

In the study, it was accepted that social media radiated ideas and arguments, and marginal ideas constitute a barrier to critical public-rational negotiations, and that social media thus reproduces the contradictions that arise in the social structure more sharply and exclusively. On the basis of this acceptance, the argument was dealt with by Laclau and Mouffe, who defended the agonistic society, with the potential to criticize the social media in view of the sharpening nature of social blocs, the glue that holds society together rather than the formation of social disorder. In particular, the contradictions that deepened, sharpened and transformed into conflicts between the social segments in Turkey through power were regarded as dynamics that held society at the same time as widely accepted. The social media has been debating a critical potential holding the opposition and holding society together. This debate has been addressed through the recent "Presidentship" debate on social media. As a result of the examination, the result is reached; power, social media and marginalized social ideas are not solving and social function towards a partnership, social media such as facebook, tiwitter etc. do not deepen contrary to the claimed unequal social structure and radically reproduce existing antagonisms.

1546 - 1560

Authors: Nurettin Güz, Ceren Yegen, Hayrullah Yanık

University education is of great importance in the establishment of individuals’ careers. The courses planned to be taught during university education care often carried out by departments. Although the lessons that are taught generally addressed to the all of the students, they are not neither aimed to students' individual needs nor the departments/jobs that students want to work after university life. In this context, the education system applied in the communication faculties which are increasing in number in recent years in Turkey and in the world needs to be re-examined. Therefore, in this study, a new model is proposed to the education system applied in communication faculties, in particular in the communication faculties in Turkey. In this approach, it is recommended that students who complete the first two years (approximately 28 courses) should take lessons according to the profession / area more specifically they want to work. The study first touches on the current situation of the education given in the communication faculties, and then take the system proposed above in detail.

1581 - 1592

Authors: Naile Hacızade

Pronouns have limited words compared with the other groups of words separated functional and semantic aspects. Turkish Personal pronouns also consist of six words. Personal pronouns are the words that can be used instead of live and, sometimes, inanimate objects. Although every pronoun and every status of pronoun usage have designated functions, their direct meanings and functions can mutual exchange in various conditions of expression. In this paper it’s analyzed one by one the stylistic qualities of personal pronouns changings and it’s explained with the examples selected from literary works. The reasons for the emergence of stylistics in pronouns are studied in linguistic context.

1606 - 1615

Authors: Birgül Akdağ Çimen

This qualitative study investigated Turkish EFL lecturers’ views about vital components of a high-quality foreign language education with desirable results. For this purpose, written answers to open-ended interview questions were collected from 15 voluntary EFL lecturers who were working for the same university in the 2016-2017 academic year. The content analysis of the qualitative data revealed four main factors that are believed to be essential for a good EFL education. These categories included effective teaching practices, certain student and teacher characteristics as well as external factors such as physical conditions of classrooms. An overall analysis of the qualitative data showed that the participants’ perceptions comply with five of the seven principles by Chickering and Gamson (1987).

1630 - 1642

Authors: Ece Varlık Özsoy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has recently been the most promising therapy approach, as it yields rapid and lasting results. The goal of this therapy is to measure cognitive impairment level, test reality, cope with irrational thoughts and beliefs, replace them with rational thinking, and teach new skills (Grave and Blissett, 2004, Kendall and Braswell, 1993). Widely used in psychological disorders in adults, CBT can also be used in children, with differences in practice due to their continuing development. Thus, the development processes should be well understood to apply CBT in children. This review examines CBT applications in children, CBT techniques, and difficulties in practice through examples from the relevant literature.

1657 - 1669

Authors: Gülfem Sarpkaya Aktaş

In this research, it was aimed to evaluate teacher qualifications of secondary school mathematics teacher candidates by taking into consideration peer opinions and teacher qualifications during micro-teaching applications. The research is a descriptive study on situational patterning and is based on qualitative research techniques. Data were collected with an observation form with sections on content, narration, material, communication and time use. As a result of the research, they are aware that communication skills are a qualification for a mathematics teacher, but they only communicate with elements such as body language, tone of voice. They found that a mathematical discussion did not express their views on dimensions and class culture. It also appears that the subject does not comment on the structure of the information, its place in the curriculum and assessment evaluation. It can be said that there is a lack of professional perspectives in evaluating secondary school prospective teachers' peers

1683 - 1699

Authors: Merih Altıntaş, Eyüp Durmaz, Feyza Çiftçi

The aim of the study is to examine the relationship between metacognitive functions and the personality structure, and the study was conducted with 199 female and 201 male in total 400 students from İstanbul Gelişim University Faculty of Fine Arts from different majors and classes. Research data were collected using “Internationel Personality Inventory Short Version”, “Experiences in Close Relationships” and “Metacognition Questionnaire”, and the data were analyzed by SPSS 23.0 packet program using Descriptive Statistical Methods (Frequency, Percentage, Mean, Standard Deviation) and Linear Regression analysis and the results were evaluated at 95% confidence interval and p <0.05 significance level. As result of the research following were found; “anxious close relationship” was possitively correlated with “positive beliefs about worry” and “negative beliefs about the controllability of thoughts and corresponding danger“ metacognitive subdimesions and possiively correlated with “extraversion”, “emotional instability” and “introversion” peronality traits and negatively correlated with “open to experience” personlity trait. “Avoidant close relationship” was possitively correlated with “negative beliefs about the controllability of thoughts and corresponding danger “ metacognition subdimension and; “interversion” and “emotinal imbalance” personality traits. “Secure close relationship” was possitively correlated with “negative beliefs about the controllability of thoughts and corresponding danger” metacognition subdimension and negatively correlated with “cognitive self-consciousness” metacognition subdimension and “agreeableness” and “extraversion” personality traits.

1715 - 1730

Authors: Tülay Yazıcı, Meltem Özel

Social media environments in which internet and the technological developments emerge, there have been many changes in the field such as participation, interaction, cooperation, socialization, information acquisition and learning processes. "Motherhood" is a form of emotion and role represented by women in the social process. In Instagram, the mothers provide emotional and / or scientific support to their followers through personal sharing with the content is produce by them. In this research, the instagram "academicianmother" (akademisyenanne) profile of Assoc. Professor Saniye Bencik Kangal who is an Academician at Hacettepe Child Development Department was analyzed by content analysis that the academician share photos and videos while playing games and doing activities on education and child development with her son Demir, giving education-based information and scientific recommendations. In the obtained data, it was tried to determine the educational and interactive aspects of social media

1746 - 1757

Authors: Oya Eru

The development of the new technological changes in mobile communications and through the use of the internet as mobile, create new communication channels. According to development technology, teaching methods and materials are also changed and improved. Developments in communication technology firstly affect the educational technology through distance learning activities also using mobile tools in education provided the new possibilities. Internet usage with Mobil devices provide the distance learning have been moved to the mobile environment. Mobil education term can be described when using mobile communication tools in educational activities. And the newest mobile learning trend can be described as augmented learning. The study was designed as a theoretical work. The relevant literature has been examined for this purpose. The fact that there is not much work on the use of the augmented reality in marketing courses in the related literature shows the importance of working. It is aimed that the study will be guided by the academicians working on this field.

1765 - 1773

Authors: Pınar Akarçay, Gökhan Ak

Three generations of human rights are likely to be asserted when historical evolution of human rights are considered (Mourgeon, 1990). Those of the 1776 American and 1789 French Human Rights Manifestations which root in individualism based on the natural law are the oldest examples of first generation. In these examples, freedom of the person is considered in an abstract and judicial context. Second generation of human rights implemented in the second part of 19th century are those social and economic rights from which only a fraction of the society is benefited. The last generation is those rights of solidarity. Participation right is consisted in the solidarity rights. As could be envisaged in the other human rights, the participation rights are also wrapped into an institutional character by being engaged in international treaties. Thus urban and participation rights are still in the formation process. Today participation right as being one of the solidarity rights is the most significant one under consideration and development (Mourgeon, 1990; Tekeli, 2011). Development of the participation right in Turkey is mostly handled via ‘city councils’ formed mainly in line with the Local Agenda 21 concept. Thus the main aim of this study is analyse how much suitable the city councils are for the development of participation right. In this context, the study will focus on role of the city councils they assume on discussion, dialogue, negotiation and informing processes for the society on the issues related to the city and how effective they are on this performance. Thus in this study, the case of Edirne City Council will be examined regarding these issues. For the data collection, interview method will be used in the study. In this context, interviews will be carried out with the Municipality of Edirne, NGOs in Edirne, professional organizations and the city council. In terms of epistemological approach, the research process is interpretive and explanatory over legal and administrative regulations within the scope of field study. At the same time, the research approaches the subject with a deductive approach, which reaches the data by starting from the theory. In addition, the research is partly inductive, because of the fact that it aims to contribute to the theory by using the findings of the field study. It also carries a qualitative research characteristic in the context of the interviews to be carried out with the participants and the interviews carried out with relevant institutions and individuals.

1787 - 1796

Authors: Gözde Yirmibeşoğlu

Globalization has been a significant debate issue in the academic research for the last decades. There is not a consensus on the initiation of globalization. Although there are many aspects of globalization such as economic, social, political and cultural features, this paper focuses mostly on its economic aspect. Globalization broke down commercial borders between countries and destroyed barriers against trade among countries. As a result, business performing in the international arena were forced to change their strategies. Thus, international trade gained a variety of new dimensions. Hence, the aim of this paper is to explore the impact of globalization on world trade by investigating the development of globalization with regards to consumption culture and media imperialism

1811 - 1822

Authors: Mehlika Özlem Ultan

In the European Union, a more cooperative cooperation can be made between some member states in order to solve the problems arising from the unanimous rule in the decision-making mechanism. Enhanced cooperation organized for the first time under a separate title with the Amsterdam Treaty. Via this mechanism, the Union, which has increased rapidly in the number of member states since its establishment, can act more quickly and effectively on some issues. Thus, it is aimed to facilitate the decision-making process. Enhanced cooperation is anticipated as a possibility provided by the member states which want to go further in cases where progress cannot be achieved with the participation of all the member states. In the scope of this study, firstly the characteristics of the concept of enhanced cooperation will be explained and later the development of the concept will be examined within the framework of the treaties. Thus, it will be attempted to discuss how this mechanism in European Union law affects the process of European integration by analyzing the decisions which were taken by enhanced cooperation.

1832 - 1841

Authors: Özkan Yılmaz

The purpose of this study is to investigate the usability of mobile technology for making an in-class formative feedback and evaluation system. For this purpose, the designed system was used by students at the university level. The system was used by freshmen students who have enrolled Physics I course in the Department of Me-chanical Engineering in Faculty of Arts and Sciences. The students' opinions about the system were gathered with focus group interview form. It includes open-ended questions to determine the extent to which the system is effective, its weakness, its impact on success and motivation, feelings and suggestions. In this study using qualitative research approach, students' opinions were transcribed to text, and content analysis was used to describe the themes. As a result of the findings, it was found that the system was effective on students' active in participation, repetition, comparison, and contributing to the success. But, it’s not effective on student motivation. In addition, feedback based on in-class discussions and evaluations are important for the more effective use of the system; the course teacher has a special place in the designing of this environment.

1851 - 1867

Authors: Gülsün Şahan, Havva Duygu Yasa

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the contributions of the students of Bartın University Graduate School of Educational Sciences, Life Long Learning, to the perspective of students' views. In the study,it was tried to determine the contribution of the students’ educational life to their private and educational life and their life perspective. In this study which was prepared in accordance with qualitative research methods, theopinions of 17 volunteers who participated in the study with graduated and non-thesis programs in Lifelong Learning Master were taken with semi-structured interview forms and analyzed by content analysis. As a result of the research it has been found that among the aims of the students’ in starting the master degree are personal development, being a role model for their child, occupational development and to arouse interest in learning. It has also seen that master degree develops students in academic field ,they are better than the others in terms of communication and presentation, they learn new terminologie sand methods, they are aware of business opportunities, and they can look their occupation with a different perspectieve. The survey shows that the majority of the students meet the expectations of the education they receive are among the results of the research.

1881 - 1891

Authors: Gülfidan Aytaş

Whether the studies about language and memory are beobachted, the parallel processing system will be came across. That two interconnected systems have components which effect each other. This situation consists of activities required focusing on the process of learning phase. Particularly, this area is examined by nöroscience-biology, cognitive psychology and psychology of learning deals with the answers to find out in order to solve problems about what the learning is, which elements are influential within learning process, how our memory in this process works and the words are learned. In this study will be studied on the examinations that are interested in learning and memory. Within this context, while the techniques related with foreign language are found out, the new methods and approaches will be tried to show up.

1904 - 1916

Authors: Şafak Uluçınar Sağır , Dilek Sakar

Flipped classroom is a model that classroom activities are done outside the classroom and outside activities are done inside the classroom. This model unlike traditional model says that activities and lesson can be done everywhere. The aim of this work is to explain the Flipped Classroom Model. And in this work document analyze method has been used. It has been benefit from TÜBİTAK, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, IEEE, Internet Archive and Google Academy. It has been examined 50 essays, 8 master thesis, 2 books and 1 doctoral thesis. Finally, it is anticipated by analyzing the effects of the flipped class applications on success, attitudes and alike variables that these Flipped class applications implemented in the science courses would contribute to the science education.

1082 - 1089

Authors: Olcay Özkaya Duman

There are many data used in historical research studies which are preserved in the forms of documents, records, almanacs, journals and memoires that shed light on events or help us understand them from various aspects. On the other hand, verbal resources, the witnesses of the period from past to date, are first-hand documents of such kind, but are different in that they were not recorded. The objective of this study is to draw attention to the contribution of verbal sources and memory studies which can present more humane, or “realistic” aspect of the issues scrutinized in history studies. Hence, as the subject of history, verbal sources will be recorded under the name of social memory and put under protection. By this means, the historian will look out for history’s retrospective marks, therefore the other half of history that completes the other part of it. In this sense, the study aims at revealing the need for developing historical research studies from this aspect.

1104-1111

Authors: Maria Mohammad, Md.Nasir Ibrahim, Mohamad Rusdi Mohd Nasir, Kasran Jiddin, Mohamad Faisal Ahmad

This research was designed to assist difficulties in producing a quality three dimensional (3D) visual object among architecture undergraduate students at Polytechnic Malacca, Malaysia. This study focuses on a studio practice process of illustration drawing based on a style used by a prominent architect, Jomathir. Jomathir produces hybrid 'Art' and 'Architecture Graphic Presentation Drawing' (A+AGPD) as illustrative graphic presentation. This research adopted qualitative research approach. The methods used to collect data were interview, observation and artefact analysis. The organization of Line Visual Art (LVA) was analysed based on art elements which include appearance, line, shape, form, texture and colour in order to form Three Dimensional Illustration Line Drawing Objects Manually (3DiLDom). The process consists of the best technique by Jomathir as Subject Matter Expert (SME) using researchers exploring analysis study and synthesize the work of ‘studio practice’ produced by an expert guided Edmund Burke Feldman critical theory. This study helps in the development of students’ drawing ability using line techniques with new approach and contributes to the curriculum and pedagogy in the area of drawing model development; shifted from a Traditional Learning Approach (TDA) to a Self-Access Learning (SAL) to draw their manually drawing and painting environment for student-centred teaching transformation.

1120 - 1129

Authors: Sibel Aybarç

Factors such as population growth rate, industrialization, increase in urbanization rate, unplanned urbanization, consumption of pesticides, climate change, which are experienced during the history of mankind, cause environmental pollution affecting future generations especially water resources. This situation, which constitutes a global public problem in today's world, has particularly reached threatening levels for usable/potable water resources. Under the prediction that the world will face 40% water scarcity by 2030, it is important that the rainwater will be stored and made usable. The article includes the applied fiscal policies around the world (e.g. public standards/practices, public incentive policies, output/result-oriented policies). The article presents the current situation in Turkey and suggests the legal regulation.

1140 - 1146

Authors: Güldehen Kaya

There are vital institutions serving the production, distrubution and consumption of the contemporary art works and constituting the value of art. One of those institutions, an Auction House, as being solely a commercial entity, directly affects the perception of the art value via pricing. However, market value is not necessarily a fair and sufficient indicator and does not necessarily correspond to the artist’s career path. According to the artists, the perception of value attributed by that price per se, harmed the artists’ reputations and careers. This research aimed to analyze the presence of Auction Houses in Turkish contemporary art market.

1155 - 1163

Authors: Mohamad Faisal Mohamad Faisal Ahmad, Mohd Isa Hamzah, Khadijah Abdul Razak, Maria Mohammad

This study aims at investigating the effects of Islamic Science,Technology And Engineering course towards the changes of attitude, moral and behaviour of students Architecture of a polytechnic in Malaysia. 50 students of Architecture Diploma programmes who had taken Islamic science,technology and engineering course in semester July 2016 were involved in this study. Data were collected using a set of questionnaires regarding the students’ perceptions towards Islamic science,technology and engineering course and were analysed using percentage, frequency, t-test and correlation test. The findings show that the overall mean for the increment of the students’ understanding and awareness of Islamic science,technology and engineering is 4.41, their perceptions towards Islamic science,technology and engineering course is 4.29, the students’ perceptions towards Islamic science,technology and engineering lecturers is 4.55, their perceptions towards daily activities is 4.74 whereby the students’ perceptions towards the teaching of Islamic science,technology and engineering course is 4.12. The results of the t-test showed that independent variables had only a little influence on the dependant variables based on the significant level which is 0.05. Apart from that, based on the overall mean and percentages on the changes of the students’ attitude, this study found that the Islamic science,technology and engineering course had given positive effects on the students of the polytechnic.

1178 - 1183

Authors: Semih Delil

Visualized information has not lost its significance since from time that we were living in caves. Visual support to information that is meant to be explained, or its totally visual presentation, facilitates its reaching to the target audience. Information transfer throughout images is a long process, ranging from pictograms to graphics and even motion graphics. We frequently meet with these images in our everyday lives. These infographics, which facilitate our everyday life, provide us a faster understanding of the environment we are living in or the information we read.

1194 - 1199

Authors: Meltem Erol Dübastılar

For handling the problem from different point of views and for reaching correct solutions through these views, different branches of science should be used in scientific studies together. Interdisciplinary studies, by using different disciplines which provides different approaches to the problem, make the studies richer. This study aims to emphasize the importance of the depth which is provided by different disciplines in musical researches and to help to widespread these kinds of studies. In this study, the usage of statistical methods by the help of computer technology is worked out. The meanings and the usage of some statistical terms in musical researches like maximum-minimum values, range, standard deviation, grouping, line up, median, kurtosis and skewness are tried to be explained by giving some examples.

1216 - 1232

Authors: Ezgi Didem Etişken Ayaltı, Seda Bayraktar

This study aimed to address the positive changes caused by a traumatic life event like infertility. It examined post-traumatic growth in infertile individuals, sociodemographic and disease-related variables, perceived social support and coping ways thought to influence this phenomenon. The study sample consisted of 70 infertile individuals. We found that infertile individuals showed an above-average post-traumatic growth. Significant positive correlations were found between total scores for perceived social support scale and support from family subscale, as well as between scores for coping strategies and fatalistic coping, optimistic- seeking social support and problem-solving coping styles. The results of the study were discussed and compared with the previous work in the relevant literature.

1245 - 1257

Authors: Adalet Görgülü Aydoğdu

Discussions about who should give media literacy courses have been going on since the 2007-2008 school year when the curriculum was electively elected. This course is mainly given by teachers of social studies and Turkish teachers. Media literacy is a rarely discussed and discussed concept in teacher education as it is a new subject in education. The purpose of this study is to examine the qualifications of the teachers who gave the elective media literacy course and the attainment of the purpose of this course in the eyes of the teachers. In this study, in-depth interview was held with 12 teachers who attended the media literacy course

1274 - 1295

Authors: Gökhan Güçin, Hatice Memişoğlu

This study aims to determine the opinions of social studies teachers about the teaching of current issues. The study model is case study, which is among qualitativere search methods. The study group, on the other hand, consists of 12 social studies teachers whorender service at official secondary schools in the school year of 2016-2017. The data were collected by using semi-structured interview form. The data acquired from the study, on the other hand, were analyzed viade scriptive analysis method. As a result of the study; social studies teachers stated that current issues would prepare students to life, increase the irinterest in the lesson and enable them to participate in the lesson more actively. They also stated that current issues would enable students to be raised as active citizens witnessing thereal condition of society. The teachers indicated that they considered current issues a supplementary for social studies lesson andused them in the class when necessary. They stated that they mainly used question-answerand discussion methods whilet eaching current issues. It was determined that they paid attent ionto a voiding political issues and preferring issues regarding society and acquisitions. They indicated that coups, terror and anarchy had to be involve damong current issues at mostand found school books insufficient in terms of current issues. The teachers alsoindicated thatt here were problems about current issues as students would come to the class with prejudices obtained from their families and environment, there wasn’t enough time and the issues would be brought to politics.

1308 - 1323

Authors: Ayhan Bulut

With modern cultures becoming a dominant power at every stage of life, the mapping of meaning maps in human life leads to a complicated structure, the impoverishment of social and individual elegance, the question of life and man. What is life? What is happiness? How is his position in the face of new world order? etc. The main aim of the inquiries centering on questions that involve settlement with life, such as life, is a result of searches that add meaning to human beings and life. The echo in the philosophical and literary space of the mentioned quests combines philosophy and literature with the same axis. Philosophy of existentialism; Is a philosophical movement that questions modern life, the meaning and purpose of life, the existence of the individual who becomes mechanized with modernization. “Belleğin Kış Uykusu” novel is a reckless reckoning novel. The reckoning is based on conflicts that push the existential depression-stricken novel hero Sadık in search of self and therefore in search for meaning in life and in person. The search for meaning to achieve self-sufficiency concentrates on the fundamental problems of existentialist philosophy. By trying to interpret the world, life and people around Albert Camus's "absurd" concept, a parallelism between the dilemmas of the modern world and the seeking of the individual within these dilemmas multiplied by the dilemmas and quests of Sadık. For this reason the novel will be evaluated in the direction of Albert Camus's "absurd" philosophy.

1333 - 1351

Authors: Birol Demircan

This work focuses on the communication processes used in the nation construct process. The study is part of the debate about power, legitimacy and public relations. The issue that, Government what kind of communication strategies used to ensure the legitimacy during periods of social change and transformation are important in the debates. Accordingly, systematic and power-based change and transformation, rather than an autonomous change, has become a way to be used in nation. Since suppressing and ignoring is the most undesirable method for change, public relations are to be regarded as an application of power. Telling people the innovations has been a problem for The New Turkish Republic in its foundation years. This point is also to be clarified and explained in a systematic way. However, examining the communication strategies and practices that are used throughout the innovations of the Republican period has many difficulties. For this reason, the communication applications used in the "letters revolution" process have been discussed. In the study, news of Cumhuriyet newspaper that published in those years were examined. The new letters began to be used in November 1, 1928. In the light of the data obtained as a result of the examination, a descriptive explanation was made on the axis of the question "How is the nation constructed as a reality that is shaped by the communication applications in terms of power?"

1364 - 1380

Authors: Hatice Burcu Önder Memiş

The city has emerged as a concept with modernism. In the study, luxury residence complex commercials (12 TV commercials) that air in Turkey were examined. The lifestyles that were presented in these commercials were analyzed to the real urban life patterns in order to develop queries as to how the urban lifestyles transform in Turkish cities and how this affects or might affect the social communication. It is of utmost importance to question how the rapid construction of private residential areas with Turkey’s vigorously developing construction sector will influence the social communication and whether people will adopt to the synthetic lifestyles.

1394 - 1403

Authors: Süleyman Aydın

By exploring the Science Teacher program students’ misconceptions, this study was aimed to eliminate their misconceptions about image formation in plane mirrors by conceptual change texts. The data were obtained by applying a three-tired multiple choice test. The sample of the study were 90 sophomore students studying in Agri Ibrahim Cecen University Faculty of Education, Science Education Department. The conceptual change texts were then prepared to apply for instructional method in experimental group. By being parallel to each other conceptual change text method for experimental group and traditional lecturing method for control group were applied respectively. Later the multiple choice test were applied as post-test in both experimental and control group. The study showed that the conceptual change texts were more effective than traditional method for instruction to eliminate students’ misconceptions about image formation in plane mirrors.

1418 - 1431

Authors: Özlem Sezer

This research aiming to reveal the effect of globalisation on media managements, the researcher interviewed with media managers on this point. In this scope interviews with 2 television managers of 1 broadcaster and one foreign investor from Turkey that built cooperation with global media management. This research has revealed that Turkish media managements cooperate with global media based generally on a licence agreement, and that the main reason of such agreements is to take the advantage of technological infrastructure of global media companies. It is one of the outcomes of this research that Turkish media investors are not planning to invest a foreign country and that there is only one Turkish television channel abroad.

704-710

Authors: Adnan Veysel Ertemel, Anıl Turkoglu

The rapidly developing globalization has brought along many problems with it. The biggest ones of those problems are the environmental problems that directly affect all humanity. These problems that have a negative effect human health caused the consumers to worry about their futures. With the consumers starting to understand the consequences of the damages they impose on the environmental due to their own actions, changes occurred in their purchasing behaviors and they started to turn to green products. This change in the consumer behavior provided the marketers to make revisions in their general marketing techniques and to bring about the green marketing approach. The marketing of environmental friendly products started to be performed with green marketing techniques thanks to this approach and it was aimed to minimize the environmental damage caused by the consumers and manufacturing companies. In this research, a survey is conducted that measures the influence of green marketing works on the purchasing behaviors. The most significant results to confer from this research are as follows: the green marketing purchasing behavior of female consumers is significantly different than the male consumers. However, there is no relation between the age, educational status, income and professions and their other relevant socio-demographic properties and their green purchasing behaviors. In addition to all this, it has been conferred that the consumers could pay more for the green products

720-733

Authors: Pınar Göktaş, Koray Çetinceli

Today, increased international competition and technological developments with the impact of globalization brings about the necessity of change in terms of businesses. One of area where change is most felt is human resource management. The need for high potential and skilled workers is increasing to meet the requirements of the era of the business. One of the new concepts resulting from these needs is "Talent Management". The concept of talent management is encountered as a new vision between business strategies to incorporate global workforce of the organization, to protect in the current situation of workforce and to management. In this context, one of the service-intensive industry which aims to bring together the most talented employees is the banking sector. The banking sector by investing in human resources to achieve this target and is expected to reach maximum profitability and efficiency as a result of it. This study aims to reveal the impact on human resources of talent management practices. In this context, data were collected through intervievs with human resources experts in talent management unit who working in 3 bank that leading position in Turkish banking sector. Opinions about the talent management in the Turkish banking sector has been determined by evaluating data. The findings obtained from this study showed that effective talent management practices have a significant impact on the human resources who have critical importance to maintain existence of financial institutions that operating in the banking sector.

751-760

Authors: Mehmet Albayrak

In this study, we have discussed the large data that have become increasingly important in recent years, the methods used for data processing in databases and data warehouses, invisible data relationships and methods used for exploring them from the database. We have tried to summarize the data mining studies conducted in different branches of science in our country for research and analysis purposes and to refer to different applications. The software used in the studies and the differences between them are mentioned. In addition, the classification and clustering algorithms frequently used in data mining can be used on which kind of data, and the importance of interpretation and understanding of the results is emphasized.

772-782

Authors: Yaprak Kalafatoğlu, Tülay Turgut

Severe ethical lapses have damaged the reputation of established corporations in the last decade worldwide. This study aims to investigate the relationship between mindfulness and ethical behaviour. Mindfulness refers to being here and now. Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory was translated into Turkish and used for measuring mindfulness. Ethical Behaviour was assessed with Ethical Behaviour Rating Scale. Data were gathered from 250 white collar employees working in İstanbul. Results indicate that mindfulness has significant relationships with ethical behaviour. This study provides a unique theoretical contribution by examining the link between mindfulness and ethical behaviour among white collar employees. Since mindfulness is a skill, cultivating employee’s mindfulness through training programs is among the practical suggestions.

792 - 802

Authors: Asiye Kakirman Yıldız

Books not only support children's cognitive, emotional, psychomotor development, but they are also essential in language, social and moral development of children. Thanks to books, children have the opportunity to improve their thinking and problem solving skills and to develop their creativity. Furthermore, books help children to be aware of their environment, nature, people, and other living things. In addition to all these, books contribute to personality development of children and to meet the emotional and psychological needs. Although it is known that books are significant in people's life, in our society book reading rate is extremely low. Unless reading culture is created among pre-school children who will shape the future, low rate of book reading problem can't be tackled. Recent researches have showed that book reading rate of parents is also at low levels. Therefore, educational institutions are charged with the responsibility of developing reading habit in children. Accordingly, it is necessary to establish libraries for pre-school children both in private and public schools. The aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of the books the development period of the preschool children and to provide pre-school children in mind the formation of books and libraries perception and to emphasize the need for it preschool library.

817 - 835

Authors: Mehmet Cıranoğlu

In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the mobbing enforcements that carpet designers exposed to as proffesional occupation owners who have to think free and original. Also to analyze the perceptive differences for mobbing enforcements in terms of some parameters. The data was obtained from 96 designers working at the carpet factories in Gaziantep. A survey with 23-entry was gained through a research of the literature, a collection of pool of the items and the evaluation of the experts. This survey was applied to the designers and the results were analyzed by SPSS program. In this analysis, we got 4 factors and each factor was compared differently and totally by usin ANOVA and T Tets whether they have a significant correlation with the demographic factors, city where the workplace is located, manager of department and business owner. As a result, it was found that the majority of the questions raised were "fair to middling" or "I agree", and it was understood that the questions prepared for the questionnaire were practically equivalent. It was also found that totally results are siginificantly correlated with “the number of the workers in the department, city where the workplace located, manager, workplace owner, education status, age, seniority in the workplace and at work” according to the obtained ANOVA and T tests.

845 - 856

Authors: Birsen Çetin

Donald Trump announced his candidacy on June 16, 2015. He was the republican nominee for President of the United States in 2016 election. During his election campaign, he used to be on the world’s agenda he became the main topic of conversation with his election campaign speeches and his private life. Donald Trump often expressed his hatred against Islam and Muslims during his election campaign. Such that in that period there had been different terror attacks in several countries and the attacks provided appropriate reasons for Trump’s discourse. In this study, USA President Donald Trump’s hate and discriminatory discourse against Islam and Muslims is analysed from the point of Turkish mainstream press’ approach. The examined period is between his candidacy announcement and the day he was elected as president. The attacks are: San Bernardino (2 December 2015), Brussels (22 March 2016) and Orlando (12 June 2016). These attacks above stated, are analysed from the point of Hürriyet, Habertürk and Star newspapers. The analysis period includes one week per newspapers. This study reveals the newspaper’s approaches to Donald Trump and indicates important datas on the attitudes of the press against radical terrorism issue.

870 - 881

Authors: Ayşenur Akyazı, Erhan Akyazı

When we look at the historical background of universities, we first encounter universities which transfer the knowledge in their hands to new generations. These are followed by universities, which produce new information by conducting research. Finally, we encounter universities that help the practical knowledge, which they have acquired through research, come to life. Today, these universities are called entrepreneurial and innovative universities. If the foundation of entrepreneurship is assumed to be innovations, then there is no more natural outcome than if the starting point is the universities. Although it is not expected that every entrepreneurial experience will be successful, it is obvious how important innovation and initiatives are for the achievements of the country and especially personal gains. When the economic successes of developed countries are examined, the place of entrepreneurship in their development can be seen easily. Indeed, behind the economic success of the United States today, which can be seen as the home of the informatics economy, lies the high value-added products and services that have been produced innovation and entrepreneurship. In this context, this study will discuss the place of entrepreneurship and innovation in development and the importance given to these concepts in education by analysing and comparing the curriculum of higher education institutions in Turkey and their rivals in other countries.

899 - 913

Authors: Erhan Özcan

This paper drawing on Žižekian thought and its concepts examines n11.com, Akbank ve Sinpaş GYO advertisements in respect to manipulation of desires. It exploits the explanatory power of some of the prominent Lacano-Žižekian concepts such as “surplus-enjoyment”, “objet petit a”, “Symbolic”, “jouissance”, “looking awry” and “mechanical insistence”. It tries to show how advertisement media interpellates the unconscious in the light of populer commercial content. It argues these commercial media forms mainly target desires of consumers/audiences, and imbue/convince people to spend their libidinal power on consumer products. These commercial content make pledge to satisfy individual desires by advancing on people’s lack, and by telling/reminding of them about this lack. These media forms illusionary allude that world of products they exhibit serve people the exit roads by dint of which they can attain their lack. In view of the examined texts, the paper reveals advertisement media purports to satisfy people’s desires which can actually never be attained.

933 - 944

Authors: Aysel Ay

Coined by Benedict Anderson, the term “imagined community” is also used for all the groups with common sense of belonging dynamics. Football supporting echoes an imagined community notion around a football team, as Anderson’s term used for a nation. Media is in an important position enabling the constitution and reinforcement of imagined community. It has been debated, however, if traditional or new media tools are more effective in this constitution and reinforcement. This study, in this context, aims to shed light on the role of traditional and new media use in strengthening sense of group belonging of football supporters through focus group method.

957 - 965

Authors: Zennube Şahin Yılmaz

Marie Luise Kaschnitz, who, after the war, draws attention with her successful poems about the effects of war, and novels dealing more with women before the war, has had an important place in the world of literature with the socio-psychological issues presented in her stories. Texts which the individuals/children have especially witnessed in the world of emotion and thought presented a suitable ground for analysis both socially and psychologically. Kaschnitz's works have enabled psychological discussions in terms of presenting a lot of data about the spiritual world. The story "Lange Schatten" discussed in our work is suitable for both a psychological and a sociological examination. The difficulties in the spiritual world and the family environment of a little girl, who was selected as a protagonist, are touched upon in detail. Family’s approach to the child and child’s experiences due to this approach are at the center of the story and the negative picture drawn by the child who has developed in a negative direction/had an ego problem has been exposed.

981 - 989

Authors: Yusuf Avcı, Serhat Küçük

Each language has its’ own thought system and logic in itself. Outcomes become more fruitful if the languages are taught according to this distinctive vernacular logic which is appropriate to their own linguistic systems. The most distinctive feature of Turkish linguistic codes or thought system is leaving the most important unit to the end. All the sentences in Turkish culminate in a personal suffix or notion. It indicates that the most important factor in Turkish is ‘person’; in other words ‘human’. The problems in teaching Turkish will be handled within the framework of analysis of language-thought system, deductive method and meaning-based approaches and be examplified with the differences in practice.

1004 - 1017

Authors: Aytül Çolak

According to the OECD definition (OECD, 2005), the subcontractor is a contracting company with another company for one or more of the product design, processing or production, construction, maintenance work and services for a given production cycle. In this context, sub-employer practice has become a means of employing unorganized and cheap workers in the private sector, while businesses give out some of their jobs except for their main activity to become smaller and more efficient. Recently, the number of subcontract workers has also increased and sub-employer application has become widespread in Turkey. In fact, it seems that subcontracting is transformed into an employment type especially by public institutions and organizations in Turkey. These developments have brought together many problems. This paper analyzes the evolution of subcontracting and discusses the main economic and social problems in Turkey

1033 - 1040

Authors: Mehmet Kasım Koyuncu, Ahmet Şükrü Özdemir

The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive literature review on philosophy of mathematics education. In line with this purpose, papers about "The Philosophy of Mathematics Education" have been collated benefit from the national and international researches. Gathered literature is divided into five sub heading as industrial trainers, technological pragmatists, old humanist, progressive educators, public educators. This obtained information has been tried to be explained in a descriptive way. According to the results of the study, it can be said that the philosophy of mathematics education should be evaluated in the philosophy of mathematics. Because one of the central issues in the philosophy of mathematics education is to link between the philosophy of mathematics and mathematical applications. The philosophy of some field can be considered as its aims or reason. The difference in philosophy of mathematics is not the result, but the reason, of the difference in philosophy of mathematics education. Therefore, it is first necessary to talk about the philosophy of mathematics in order to talk about the philosophy of mathematics education. A review of the literature has indicated that there is a lack of studies about the philosophy of mathematics education (in grades 9,10,11 and 12). The other gap lies in the fact that there is no research in concern with the mathematical philosophy activities, as is displayed after reviewing the literature.

1054 - 1067

Authors: Aslı Elgün, Mine Yeniçeri Alemdar

This study is designed to measure media and communication students' attitudes towards gender roles. The attitudes of media and communication faculty students who have a higher prospect of being employed in various parts of the media industry, is thought to be influential in removing the sexist perspectives in the media industry, in providing equality with regard to employment and in transforming the representation system that formed in the framework of stereotypical judgements. In this context, Communication Faculty students' attitudes towards gender roles are going to be analyzed by using "Gender Roles Attitude Scale", developed by Simge Zeyneloğlu in 2008. With the help of a questionairre that is going to be given to Ege University Communication Faculty first and final year students, perspectives on traditional male/female gender roles towards gender roles are intended to be revealed. Also with the help of demographic questions in the study, relations between student demographies and gender role attitudes are going to be defined.

356 - 360

Authors: Vedije Ratkoceri

Protecting children from sexual violence represents one of the basic premises of any state of contemporary society. It is quite necessary to take all necessary measures to prevent these criminal acts. The Republic of Macedonia last few years has taken a series of legislative measures aimed at preventing and punishing the most severe offenders of sexual assault against children. Taking only harsh punishments and repressive measures against the perpetrators are not enough for the prevention of sexual assault offenses against children. Those persons should be treated medically in order not to repeat the offense. Chemical castration is considered as most appropriate form of treatment of pedophiles in the world. In 2014 The Republic of Macedonia made a step further by incorporating in its criminal legislation, the pharmacological-medical treatment of perpetrators of sexual assaults against a child who has not attained the age of 14 a.k.a. chemical castration. This article aims to theoretically elaborate this measure as it is regulated in the Criminal Code and in the Law on the Execution of Criminal Sanctions by analyzing the respective articles in order to see the manner, the conditions and the circumstance of its regulation and execution.

379 - 396

Authors: Yeliz Kuşay

The crisis that may threat the existence of the entities and lead to unfavorable impacts on their future can be overcome via successful crisis communication strategies. The foresight of the aspects of crisis in advance and taking leading precautions related to them have been described as pre-crisis proactive crisis communication when the reactive crisis communication is described as the studies on creating impacts on crisis perception, revitalizing the image or creating a positive impact on the image.Within the scope of this study, the shopping centers’ proactive and reactive crisis communication strategies are going to be assessed as they represent the areas where most people usually gather with the purpose of either spending time on social and leisure activities or entertainment. The crisis communication strategies on possible crisis that may be experienced at Shopping Centers (SC) are going to be examined. During the interviews with SC managers, the inquiries related to whether they have a proactive and reactive crisis communication strategy and what kind of communication strategy they follow up. The purpose of this study is determining the crisis communication strategies of SC managements in case of possible crisis. How conscious strategies are followed by the SC managements against recently experienced unfavorable conditions that either betray peoples’ trust or threaten their lives are going to be examined. Accordingly, both the existing relevant practices and improvement areas are going to be determined.

406 - 410

Authors: Ayla Deniz, E. Murat Özgür

After 1990’s, Russia-Turkey migration system has developed and a great number of Russian women and Turkish men have started to cross the border for various purposes. Within this mobility, new social, culturel, economic and political realities have emerged. One of the most important realities is increasing of Russian-Turkish couples and their important roles on the Russia-Turkey migration system. Just like Ley and Waters (2004) said, migrants not only move from one place to another, but also move from one set of social relations to another. In this context, I'd like to mention about what has happened in lives of mixed families in İstanbul after an aircraft belonging to Russian Federation Air Forces was shoot-down by Turkish Air Forces on the November 24th, 2015. This study based on interviews with marriage migrants, their couples and representatives of Russian institutions in İstanbul. In conclusion, the crisis between Russia and Turkey has affected lives of Russian women in İstanbul both negative and positive ways. These women are foreigners in Turkey and their limited social environments have imprisoned them to a narrow area during the crisis. But they have tried to bring into connection with two parts of the crisis and have tried to stand between Turkey and Russia by using their institutional networks which also have supported their collective identities.

425 - 433

Authors: Aynur Karabacak

The main purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between cognitive distortions and psychological wellbeing in emerging adulthood university students. The research was carried on 253 university students who continue their education in Ataturk University Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty in 2016-2017 education years. Interpersonal Cognitive Distortions Scale and Psychological Well Being Scale were used in the research. On the data obtained in the survey the relationship between cognitive distortions and psychological wellbeing is examined with Pearson correlation analysis, and the predictive effect of cognitive distortions in psychological wellbeing is examined with hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Research results indicate that there is a negative significant relationship between cognitive distortions avoidance of intimacy sub scale and psychological wellbeing and a positive significant relationship between mind reading and psychological wellbeing. Besides avoidance of intimacy and mind reading are significant predictors of psychological wellbeing.

448 - 455

Authors: Ayten Pınar Bal, Ahmet Karacaoğlu

This research was aim to evaluate solution strategies of algebraic verbal problems and generated error types in terms of the point of views of teachers. This study is a study in which quantitative methods were used to obtain the point of views of teachers towards strategies and error types in solution of algebraic verbal problems. The primary school mathematics teachers working in schools of central counties of Adana province in 2012-2013 academic year formed the population of this research. In sum, in the scope of this study it was found out that the teachers think the students can apply trial and error, systemmatic distribution, inverse operation, forming and solving equation strategies effectively and they can mostly make logical mistakes. In this study only the opinions of teachers were taken. Studies in which the opinions of students are taken, will also be done. It can be suggested that the teachers can concentrate on questions in class that can resolve logical errors and use activities that can develop their algebraic reasoning strategies.

467 - 474

Authors: Emine Özge Yurdakurban, Umut Öneş

In the wake of recent global financial crisis, growing emphasis has been put on central bank reliability and transparency, especially for the developing countries. In our paper, we built a macroeconomic model to test the impact of central bank reliability on the inflation targeting performance by the bank. To this end, we utilized the indexes developed by Cukierman et.al.(1993); and Dinçer and Eigenberg (2013) to calculate a measure of Turkish Central Bank reliability for the past two decades, and ran a multi-equation time series regression to analyze the effect of institutional independence and transparency on inflation targeting performance, while controlling for other macroeconomic indicators that impact inflation. We found that higher degrees of perceived transparency of the central bank has a positive effect on the inflation targeting performance. Also, transparency seems to be a better proxy for the overall institutional change the Turkish economy experienced in the last two decades.

486 - 498

Authors: Yıldız Derya Birincioğlu

National narrative is a modern political view that still preserves its ideological effect today. Ideologies, frequently, utilize means of communication, particularly the motion pictures, in order to stimulate and canalize the society’s reflexes on the thought process. Cinematic narratives, by means of the clichés that it enriches, on one hand feed the prejudices and on the other, are fed by these prejudices. In this regard, the memory trajectories, which will shape the societal structuring and national identity, sometimes on the grounds of reality and on other occasions, of fiction, with the stereotypes in the stories of the movies, are formed. National narrative and national identity can ensure continuity so long as such are commonized, interchanged and regenerated within the scope of daily life practices. The images, which form the national narrative and/or national identity, are constituted on the basis of societal gender and incorporate feminine contents rather than a masculine hegemony. Thus, it can be enunciated that national narrative constructs a gender-oriented organizational form, which aims to transform social equalities, national identity, national superiority and national power into a resource. In this context, the approaches by FloyaAnthias and Nira Yuval-Davis on the roles assigned to women within the national narratives establish the core feature of this study in order to analyze the codes on feminine contents leaked into the daily life practices. The aim of this study is to reveal by comparison of movies, which are the productions of two different countries, Son Mektup(2015) by ÖzhanEren, ÇanakkaleYolunSonu (2013) by SerdarAkar and Çanakkale 1915 (2012) by YeşimSezgin, all of which were shot following the year of 2000, the contribution of these movies on the Turkish nationalism discourse, how the national narrative was rebuilt by means of the femininity construct and what is the effect of societal gender roles within the transformation process of identities situated by the image repertoires into national identities.

508 - 518

Authors: Emel Tanyeri Mazıcı, Kürşad Gölgeli

Corporate reputation consists of the total of emotions, opinions and perceptions of all the shareholders of the institution. Company employees, who has an important place within these shareholders also play an effective role in success and continuity of the company by being affected from the activities, directly or indirectly. At this point, in the forming of the emotions, opinions and perceptions of employees, job satisfaction that is achieved in time has the key importance. Thus, the employees who are the internal shareholders contribute to the corporate reputation through job satisfaction. In this study, job satisfaction, which is created via the effect of many variables, is evaluated through “social gender equality”. Such that, gender equality and how the company carries this variable will contribute to the corporate reputation by differing positively in the trust in the company, sense of justice and job satisfaction of the employees. In the Erciyes University Example, which is found in the application part of the study, perceptions of academicians, who are a profession group that have an important place in society, on corporate reputation and job satisfaction levels will be analyzed through social gender equality by survey scanning as an empirical method and some evaluation and suggestions will be made.

531 - 539

Authors: Sümeyra Bağatur

For language teaching many resources have been used as a vehicle to teach the language more efficiently in the course of time. It is, however, widely accepted that literature has proved to the the best and the most beneficial resource in language teaching. It is of great value in this sense. This paper will first present some ideas about the use of literature in language teaching, then, I will explain why we use literature, and how we should choose literary texts in our language classes. In the following part, I will present the second part of the paper, which is composed of the literary genres like novel, short story, drama and poetry. And in the closing part, I will give an interpretation of Common European Framework of References (CEFR) and how the use of literature can be implemented into CEFR in language teaching.

560 - 572

Authors: Mehmet Çakır

Discussions of the meaning of justice has continued to the present day, dominated by the thought of living together and we have called that a “society” since the process of the emergence of rational order by dressing up different meanings. On this concept which is in the agenda of philosophy and political theorists studies have been done throughout history. So the issue was constantly discussed that how it should be fair social order. Especially, due to globalization the binding location for anyone, it has become difficult to determine the principles of social justice. In this study, what are the main issues the focus of ongoing discussions justice from the past up to the present? How accurate is to evaluate justice concept only as a legal concept? What are the changes of concept of social justice in the chronological process? Is it possible to imagine a society, intercultural transition easier, a world order in which multicultural life spread, who legally binding for everyone and every individual is provided with equal rights, in which the domination of the principles of social justice? will discuss in the context of the above questions issues which related to the concepts of justice and social justice, theorists of justice who from Yusuf Has Hacib to David Miller. Our study is formed by the literature review method. Discussions will be evaluated in a systematic axis. In this study, it is intented to create a systematic information reservoir and to provide a perspective for researchers interested in the subject for justice.

583 - 594

Authors: Zeynep Öner, Tohit Güneş

The study was carried out to determine the opinion of science teachers regarding informal practices conducted as part of the ‘Let’s Travel and Learn About the Living World’ Unit. To this end, a total of 58 fifth grade students studying in three secondary schools, including a state school and a private school in Samsun city center and a village school in the Bafra district, took part in informal practices. 11 teachers, who joined these practices voluntarily and participated in them actively, were also included in the study extending over two days. During the practices, the 11 teachers who voluntarily attended the study were given a Student Observation Form, consisting of half-elaborated questions that once completed were analyzed separately. According to the findings, the teachers actively participated in the study observed that informal practices were effectively in education, had positive cognitive and affective impact on the students and indicated that they had positive opinions on informal practices. Teachers expressed that informal practices were important also because of enabling students hands on learning. Given that science is a life-oriented subject, it is important to integrate with educational activities because of the fact that science involves informal rather than formal acquisition of knowledge by the individual during one’s lifetime. It is found out remarkable that teachers who are executers of their lessons have positive opinions on informal practices enabling hands on learning on life oriented science. Therefore, it is thought that it could be educatory making these types of practices widespread.

607 - 618

Authors: Yeliz Yeşil, Fatma Fidan

Continuous training, development and adaptation skills are necessary for the green economy to meet the changing human resource demands. Green jobs have gained importance in the transition to green economy. Researching green jobs are necessary for helping staff development at labor market and building training units which train human resources for these jobs. The aims of this study are examining the development of green jobs and their characteristics and differences from existing professions and evaluating training and gaining skills activities about green jobs. In this study, it appears that requires a different educational and training process of the characteristics of green jobs. The educational process will have the following characteristics; • Dynamic, shows continuous change and development, • It offers multiple skills and knowledge, • It consists of an interactive process, • It requires the cooperation of different institutions and bodies, • It is interdisciplinary. Green jobs require different training programs and processes. Green jobs are often "local" in nature and need appropriate training processes. Effective policies should be developed for green jobs and the labor market. Within this scope, training modules related to green activity areas should be determined and systems should be established within the framework of sustainability.

631 - 643

Authors: Mehmet Polat

TRA2, which is a sub-region of North-eastern Anatolia Region, contains the least developed cities which are Ağrı, Iğdır, Kars and Ardahan within itself. It is seen that applied policies and provided governmental incentive have not contributed enough to the development of the region; therefore, difference of development level between the region and other regions has been increased progressively. It is, in the globalising world, thought that agricultural and livestock industries have lost their significance. However, even in the most developed countries, agricultural and livestock industries become more of an issue both economically and socially. Livestock industry is very important for healthy and balanced nutrition of the increasing population in Turkey like all over the world. On the other hand, this sector has social and economic functions on providing rural development. These functions provide balanced growth in the country reducing unemployment in rural areas in conjunction with social problems such as preventing rural-urban migration, decreasing the non-planned urbanization and overpopulation, and fulfil the obligations providing raw materials for the sub-industries such as flesh, milk, leather, cosmetic, medicine and etc. Livestock sector is in the forefront in the area because the region has suitable, quality and wide pasturelands. Livestock farming is carried through with sophisticated techniques as well as it is one of the most important source of income. Livestock sector is of prime importance since it adds high level value into entity investment, employs with low cost, and provides input for many branches of industry sector. The current state of the livestock sector that has a very significant role in developing the region, and the encountered problems were determined in the study; fields of activity related with developing the sector were analysed SPSS survey programme; and solutions about certain problems were proposed.

657 - 666

Authors: Bedriye Tunçsiper, Büşra Uçar

Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis asserts that environmental pollution and destruction increase with positive economic growth until a certain income level. When reached such a certain level, environmental pollution begins to decrease. In this study, the validity of Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis is tested for Turkey. Annual data for 1980-2011 period is used for analysis. The relationship between CO2 emission and per capita income is analyzed with Granger Causality Test. According to the test result, it is found that Environmental Kuznets Curve is not valid for Turkish economy as the variables has no causal correlation between.

675 - 682

Authors: Nurcan Demirel, Serhat Özbay, Fatih Kaya, Metin Bayram

The purpose of this study is to analyse the effects of aerobic and anaerobic training programs applied to elite wrestlers on body composition. 20 elite wrestler student whose average age is (experiment group; 15.20±4.61, n=10), control group; 15.90±2.08, n=10) participated to the study and they were divided into two groups randomly. Strength and durability training program based on “one day aerobic, one day anaerobic” principles was applied to the experiment group six days in a week for eight weeks. Control group continued to do normal routine wrestling technical training. Before and after eight weeks training program body analyse measurements were taken from experiment and control group. (Tanita) According to the results of the study, impedance, body fat percentage and fat mass from body composition indicators of experiment group significantly decreased from pretest to posttest while fat-free body mass and whole body water increased significantly. (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight, body mass index and bazal metabolic rate. (p>0.05). However, for control group; body weight, fat-free body mass and whole body water values from body mass index indicators of control group significantly increased from pretest to posttest. (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in body mass index, bazal metabolic rate, impadence, body fat percentage and fat mass (p>0.05). As a result, pretest and posttest cahangings are similar in both groups and there was no significant difference between two groups. (p>0.05). Paired- samples t test was used for in-group comparison and independent sample t test was used for intergroup comparisons in statistical analyses. Significance level was determined as p<0.05. Average and standard deviation were used for all values. As a result, this study did not reveal a significant difference on control group athletes who practice regularly. However, training program which has variable types and volume made significant differences on experiment group. There was no significant difference between two groups even though positive changings in experiment group were clearer.

9 - 15

Authors: Luljeta Adili Celiku

It has been some time now that Ismail Kadare’s literary and artistic values have been spoken about. Many studies on his works have also taken place. The reason lies beyond his extraordinary and pleasant style as well as his linguistic capabilities that make him so special. He especially excels in the field of the lexicon and vocabulary. He writes in standard Albanian language, meaning that he abides by those spelling and grammatical rules as do the rest of Albanian writers and authors; however, this does not prevent him from expressing his linguistic egoism and peculiarity. This paper is aimed at his language; at his linguistic contributions in the field of word-formation. He creates new words in Albanian in order to clean it from the impact of borrowings and foreign words, and even for stylistic purposes. In this study, we have tried to collect some of Kadare’s words in order to illustrate his engagement in this field. His specialty remains in the field of word formation and has to do with the scope he chooses and uses, with the areas where lexical inputs come from and word-formation means. The words have been divided into two groups: in prefixed and suffixed ones. There are also mixed or compound creations. For every new word, the semantic meaning and the word to be replaced have also been given.

39 - 48

Authors: Güçlü Özen, Şerife Vatansever

The main objective of the study is to determine the effects of university students’ artificial climbing wall experiences, which is considered among experimental learning (learn by doing) activities and defined as “high activity”, on their problem solving skill levels. Artificial wall climbing emerges as a learning point which is both a game as of its content and an activity providing people to be active, not passive, through experimental learning activities and creating people opportunities to know better about themselves and others as well as their limits. Pretest- posttest control group experimental model was used in this study. Experiment group participated into the practice twice in a week, totally for eight weeks. During this time, the control group continued their normal daily routines and not joined any activity. To collect data, Problem Solving Inventory developed by Heppner and Peterson (1982) was used. As a result of statistical analysis, statistically significant differences (p <0.05) were found between subscales and total scores of hasty approach, confident approach and planned approach. Consequently, activities done during artificial wall climbing have been causing positive development in problem solving skills & perception levels of university students.

58 - 69

Authors: Ayten Pınar Bal

The purpose of this study is to identify the changes in the attitudes of teacher candidates continuing pedagogic formation training certification programme, towards profession starting from the first stage within the process and to address the effect of this change on gender and type of school they graduated variables. This study was figured according to longitudinal panel searching model of developmental research which is one of the descriptive research method. As the population of study was formed by teacher candidates of different branches continuing pedagogic formation training certification programme of a public university, the sample was formed by 114 mathematics teacher candidates continuing this programme. In conclusion, with this study done to obtain the changes in attitudes of teacher candidates continuing pedagogic formation training programme, towards profession in period starting from the first stage and to address the effect of this change on gender and high school type variables, a conclusion was reached that a positive change occurred in attitudes of teacher candidates towards profession. Also, another important result obtained from the study is that gender and high school variables do not affect the attitude points of teacher candidates towards profession.

77 - 84

Authors: Ahmet Alp

The aim of this study is to discuss about the impossibility of being value-free in social sciences that have developed theoretically and methodologically since the 19th century. Social sciences emerged in the Enlightenment period that has led to many social changes and transformations in western societies. Social sciences which are younger than natural sciences relatively have been influenced by natural sciences crucially in terms of methodology. Moreover, it could be seen that social sciences still have intensive debates regarding theory and methodology because of being new sciences. They developed under the influence of positivist philosophy which accepted the knowledge and methodology of natural sciences in the 19th century. Therefore, social sciences have been affected by the approaches of being value-free. In the 20th century, when it is looked at the social sciences’ theories that were affected by the interpretive approach, which was supported by M. Weber, asserted that the researcher who studies a society is the object of the society at the same time, and therefore, the researcher cannot be value free while he/she studies on the society. Ernst Nagel (1979), Gresham Riley (1974), N. Robin (1968) etc. social scientists carried out some studies regarding values judgments in social sciences Classical and contemporary sociological theoreticians have argued intensively regarding being value or value free of social sciences’ methodology. Furthermore, this study is a critique of positivism in respect of its methodological approach that supports to be value-free in social researches. Thus, it is aimed to contribute new aspects to literature for understanding and producing solutions for the problems of societies.

101 - 105

Authors: Bulent Eken

The discussions of the end of cinema tend to privilege the emergence of digital technology as a turning point. In this paper, I argue for the centrality of the category of the “viewer”, which as a concept makes visible the essence of the medium of cinema. This essence is the preservation of time in which the viewer has a stake in relation to his or her memory. This then shows the limits for a possible discussion of the end of cinema. If there is a certain type of film that leaves no room for the spectator, then this could mark one sense of an end. I take the mainstream entertainment cinema that is based in staging a “spectacle” as an example. The temporality of cinema is also surpassed in the direction of video, which does not preserve time by constructing image-objects but participates in a time-matter in which all is already an image.

111 - 123

Authors: Aytül Gökulu

The aim of this study to find out prospective teachers’ views about the prospective teacher training process. For this purpose, the views of the prospective teachers about the way they evaluate themselves, counselor teachers, school administers in the prospective teacher training process have been identified. 100 prospective teachers have participated to the studies who want to implement the prospective teacher training process in Çanakkale. The research tool has been prepared by the researcher. SPSS statistical programme has been used for comparisons and the data have been analyzed in terms of frequency and percentage. According to the results of the study, it has been seen that prospective teachers think that the prospective teacher education process is beneficial for their professional life. Also, the study has shown that there is no significant difference between female and male prospective teachers with respect to their views about the prospective teacher training process andhere is no significant difference between primary school teachers and branch prospective teachers with respect to their views about the prospective teacher training process. But when it has been compared with the newly graduated and not newly graduated prospective it has been found that there is significant difference between newly graduated prospective teachers and the others.

145 - 170

Authors: Muazzez Harunoğulları

Energy resources are fundamental inputs in countries’ development in terms of economic, industrial and technical aspects and facilitating countries’ social lives. The sustainability of countries’ economies is possible with energy resources. The reserve levels and diversification of energy resources and accessibility to these resources steer the energy policies of countries. Another factor affecting these policies the transportation of oil and natural gas resources. Transporting hydrocarbon resources safely, diversity of countries’ energy kinds and commanding the energy market and routes increase countries’ economic and political power and their geopolitical and geostrategic importance. In this study, reserves of oil and natural gas that are the leading resources providing energy globally and locally, production and consumption of these resources, competition between countries in the energy market, geopolitical importance of production areas and globally powerful countries’ energy policies that are implemented to gain economic and political power were discussed. Even though interests of the US, Russia, China, Japan and EU countries sometimes clash, they come together with energy related agreements and projects. The US lifting the embargo on Iran is an obvious indication that the countries have entered a new era in energy policies. There is a great struggle between the US and Russia over world’s energy regions and pipe line routes in energy transportation. In this power struggle, China, Japan, Iran, EU countries and India are getting involved in this energy struggle on a regional and global scale.

184 - 199

Authors: Aslıhan Eroğlu, Seda Bayraktar

This study aimed to examine the variables that are associated with internet addiction. The study sample included a total of 120 individuals (53 women and 67 men) living in Istanbul. The research data were collected through Personal Information Form, Internet Addiction Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, UCLA Loneliness Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software package, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and Pearson's correlation coefficient. The analyses showed no significant correlation between internet addiction and the variables of gender, age, educational level, daily internet usage, life satisfaction, self-esteem. There was a significant relationship between internet addiction and the variables of loneliness and knowledge about cyber crimes. The research findings indicated that higher levels of loneliness meant increased internet addiction, while lower levels of loneliness meant decreased internet addiction. Besides, those knowledgeable about cyber crimes were found to have lower levels of internet addiction, as compared to those unaware of cyber crimes.

208 - 217

Authors: Kian Wah Liew, Grace Lee Ching Yap, Rohaizan Osman, Betsy Guat Poh Lee, Wing Loon Chee

Achievement goal theory (AGT) has emerged as a prominent framework to examine influences on students’ motivation and achievement. The achievement goals are classified into mastery and performance goals orientation. Whilst mastery goals focus on self-improvement and emphasize on learning, performance goals are motivated by a desire for extrinsic approval and may lead to surface learning. This project focuses on creating a learning environment that is students-centered via incorporating AGT within the students’ learning curve and examine students’ satisfaction in learning and their performance due to these interventions. As the conventional grading system can be a stumbling block, this research employs grouping strategy that sets the classroom with the collaborative learning environment to promote the development of mastery goal orientation and intrinsic motivation. Various pedagogies suited for the encouragement of a mastery goal orientation have been applied. Surveys via the tools adapted from Patterns of Adaptive Learning Survey (PALS), observational data, and interviews are used to study the effect of the goal structure and the learning outcomes.

230 - 240

Authors: Volkan Yakın, Oya Eru

Social marketing can be described as non-profit organizations' marketing activities. With social marketing activities, it is aimed to create awareness of the campaign issues for create a useful behavioral pattern in society. As for business organizations, promotion is an important part of marketing activities in nonprofit organizations too. With the usage of the Internet in the marketing area, new channels have emerged to perform promotional activities. Social media can be described as one of these new channels. The most important reason of usage of social media as a promotion channel by nonprofit organizations is the possibility to reach more people on a tight budget. Also, social media provides to create an interactive communication, to measure campaign results and to transmit campaign messages to the right audience. Recently the newest concept using as a promotional tool can be described as emoji. Many companies including nonprofit organizations have started to use emojis in their advertising campaigns. The aim of this Study is to aimed to measure the attitudes towards emoji usage in social marketing campaigns and to guide companies who are going to use emojis in their advertising campaigns in the future. Not to encounter studies about measuring the effectiveness of emojis in marketing literature, expresses the importance of the study. In the study, experimental design method has been used and a survey has been applied to the selected sample. According to the results of the study, it has been concluded that emojis are effective for social advertising campaigns. Participants expressed that, usage of emojis in advertising campaigns is suitable for social campaigns. And using emojis in advertising campaigns explains the Project successfully. They expressed that the transmitted message of campaign is informative and effective. And also participants expressed that these kinds of campaigns are attractive, creative and innovative.

250 - 254

Authors: Ayşegül Zıngır Gülten

The use of video in foreign language learning is known to support learning process in many different ways. Being rich and valuable resources, videos have many benefits such as providing authentic language input, bringing real world into the classroom setting, contextualizing language, grabbing students’ attention, focusing students’ concentration, generating interest, increasing motivation, enhancing comprehension, introducing target culture, and fostering learning. Yet, despite the widely accepted benefits of videos in Foreign Language Teaching (FLT), even in today’s English Language Teaching (ELT) classrooms, learners are not exposed to such materials often. It is found out that English language teachers are either hesitant or unable to use video for language teaching purposes in classes. Triggering by this fact, the present study aims at identifying English Language Teaching (ELT) teacher trainees’ perceptions of video use in ELT classrooms. Basing on the qualitative data gathered from 135 second year ELT teacher trainees ,trainees’ preliminary concerns of video use are sorted out. It is revealed that actually ELT trainees have positive attitudes towards video implementation. Furthermore, possible advantages and disadvantages of using video are categorised and ELT teacher trainees’ suggestions on how to integrate video to our EFL situations are sorted out.

267 - 282

Authors: Elif Güneri Yöyen

This study aims to examine the rate of childhood trauma, gender distribution and the relation between childhood trauma and self-respect. The research data was produced out of 530 university students at İstanbul Gelişim University, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences in the 2014-2015 academic year. In the research “Rosenberg Self-Respect Scale” and “Childhood Trauma Scale” were used and the data was analyzed by IBM SPSS 22.0. What was observed at the end of the research is as follows: The fact that childhood trauma exists decreases self-respect; as a determiner of self-respect level childhood trauma is a feeble factor to give reasons; all the sub-dimensions of childhood trauma (emotional abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, emotional neglect and sexual abuse) decrease self-respect; childhood trauma and as subdimensions physical neglect and sexual abuse in male students are higher than in female students; emotional abuse, physical abuse,emotional neglect subdimensions don’t differ when it comes to gender.

297 - 306

Authors: Gulumser Efeoglu Senturk

Since Bachman and Palmer (1996) and Canale and Swain (1980) introduction of “pragmatic competence” in the field of L2 acquisition, its relation to other factors interacting with it has attracted attention of a number of researchers. The present study aims to explore the intertangled relation between two competences (namely pragmatic and structural) in three distinct areas such as request, advice and apology in L2 context. For the purposes of the current study, two data collection tools are employed. The first one is English Language Proficiency Test while the second is a discourse completion task. The latter consists of three subsections and each subsection involves four cases each of which targets exchanges between interlocutors with equal statues. The findings suggest that even though two distinct proficiency groups differ for some cases like requests, L2 proficiency is not a comprehensive indicator of L2 pragmatic competence development on its own.

319 - 327

Authors: Melis Seray Özden Yıldırım, Ece Naz Ermiş

The aim of this study is to determine the predictive role of autonomous-related self of adolescent and the critical thinking disposition of parents on adolescent psychological resilience. The study was carried out on 339 participants who were selected randomly including 113 adolescents (in the range of 14-18 ages; female 57, male 56) and 113 mother – 113 father of these adolescents. Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale, Autonomous-Related Self Scale, Critical Thinking Disposition Scale and Demographical information form were used for data collection. Pearson Correlation, Independent Samples t-Test and Hierarchical Regression were used in analysis of data. The findings reveal that there was a statistically significant positive correlation between adolescent psychological resilience and critical thinking disposition of parents. Also there was a statistically significant positive correlation between adolescent psychological resilience and relatedness of adolescent. Furthermore there was a statistically significant positive correlation between family, peer and school support subdimensions of adolescent psychological resilience and relatedness. The results showed that there was no significant difference regarding to adolescent psychological resilience level according to gender. According to hierarchical regression analysis’ results there was a predictive role of relatedness subdimension of self-construal of adolescent and critical thinking disposition of parents on adolescent psychological resilience.

345 - 355

Authors: Tohit Güneş, Zeynep Öner

The study is performed to determine the effects of the concept based learning approach which has been carried out at 8th grade science lesson “Living Things and Energy Interactions” unit, towards students’ environmental attitudes. The study has been carried out with totally 39 students, being 20 of them are the experimental and 19 of them are the control group attending at a public secondary school in Samsun. The control group has been taught by existing practices and the experimental group has been taught by the concept based learning approach practices formed considering the learning attainments as part of the unit. Environmental attitude scale (five point Likert) consisting 25 questions and qualitative measurement instrument 9 semi-structured open ended questions have been applied to the experimental and control groups before and after the practices. The data acquired from the environmental attitude scale have been analysed using SPSS 17.0 programme, qualitative data have been evaluated by content analyses. As a result, analyses acquired from the environmental attitude scale it has been determined that there is no significant difference between the experimental group which has been applied context based learning approach and control group about environmental attitudes. In addition, when evaluated the data collected by open-ended questions, it has been determined that there are differences between before and after learning in either the experimental group or the control group and there are changes in each group towards carrying out scientific evaluations instead of personnel and emotional evaluations which has been carried out before learning.