European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology

1-9

Authors: Salah A Aly, Mohammed E Issa and Magda M Elgaml

The Super Crete (Icon) is one of the polymer concrete types that was developed recently in many countries and still considered as a new material especially in Egypt. It is a concrete without coarse aggregate that consists of powder material (which contains high percentage of calcium silicate) and polymer liquid. So it looks like a mortar paste more than a concrete. The use of powder material and polymer liquid for the production of new type of concrete is one common means for achieving a more environment-friendly concrete. Icon has shown superior high performance in compressive strength, durability, very fast curing time and very low permeability that breaks the current known limitations. It has been used widely in the architectural applications like decorative features, facade and cladding. Due to the newness of Icon and the lack of information about the materials and manufacturing process of this type in the Egyptian market, this research was carried out to investigate the shear behavior of polymer concrete beams under different conditions. The shear strength is one of the important properties of concrete polymers when used in structural elements subjected to shear like slender beams and columns. Fifteen beams were cast to investigate the effect of the shear span to depth ratios, different locations and different reinforcement of openings on the shear behavior of the tested specimens. All these beams were designed to fail in shear. The test results showed that, the absence of coarse aggregates reduced the ultimate shear strength of the fine aggregate polymer concrete. This may be attributed that, the rougher crack surfaces are better able to transfer shear due to aggregate interlock. The validity of both the Egyptian Code for the design and implementation of Concrete Structures (ECCS) 203-2007 and American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318-2011Codes for estimating the shear strength of the tested Super Crete beams was investigated. The research described in this paper provides additional experimental information on the shear behavior of polymer concrete beams. Different conclusions and recommendations are introduced.

15-19

Authors: Anshul Kumar, Mansi Chaudhary and Nagresh Kumar

This paper defines social engineering and explains how one can use the human mind for capturing useful information about organizations or individuals. It also provides recommendations on how to defend and protect against attackers using social engineering techniques. Social engineering is a non-technical method of intrusion hacker’s use that relies heavily on human interaction and often involves tricking people into breaking normal security procedure. Since there is neither hardware nor software available to protect an enterprise or individual against social engineering, it is essential that good practices be implemented. The overall purpose of this survey is to highlight the different social engineering attacks and how they can prevented.

26-33

Authors: Navin Chand, Manish Kumar Patel, S Tiwari and OP Modi

In this study, preparation of fumed silica reinforced Hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites having different concentration of fumed silica from 1 to 4wt% has been prepared. XRD studies on HAp calcined at two temperatures have been done and analysed. XRD analysis indicates the structural modification with the addition of fumed silica. X ray analysis of fumed silica filled Hydroxyapatite (HAp) composites dried and calcined showed additional X ray peaks at 46.4 and 28.8 ° in case of 4 wt% fumed silica composite. Diameter of HAp particles changed on changing the calcination temperature.

43-48

Authors: Deepa Sharma and Bipul Kumar

Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based Load Frequency Control (LFC) proposed here for controlling the frequency deviation which is a one of major technical issue of a two area interconnected power system. In order to improvise the performance of supplying power of a power system, error function is minimized. The objective function taken into consideration over here is Integral of Square of Error (ISE). To optimize the gain values of controller, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used. Tuning of controllers is done in order to get the gain values or controller parameters such that the desired frequency and power interchange with adjoining systems are maintained within specific value. Controllers must possess the property of being sensitive against changes in frequency and load. Tuning of controllers based on PSO algorithm is justified by making a comparison with Conventional Ziegler–Nichols tuning method.

56-61

Authors: Dharmeswar Deka

Unsteady flow of an electrically conducting viscous incompressible fluid with small electrical conductivity and electromagnetic force in a horizontal channel under the influence of constant head flux is investigated. Approximate solutions for the velocity and temperature fields as well as heat transfer co-efficient have been derived. Results obtained are discussed with the help of graphs and tables.

69-72

Authors: S Sundararaman and S Azhagarsamy

Fast depleting natural resources, huge consumption of energy, and environmental hazards involved in the production of cement has inspired for searching the substitution by other material with similar material, especially in developing countries. Cement is widely noted to be most expensive constituents of concrete. The objective of is study is to investigate the mechanical properties of concrete with different replacement levels of ordinary Portland cement by rice husk ash and silica fume. The cement has been replaced by rice husk ash (RHA) accordingly in the range of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by weight of cement and 10% of silica fume in common for M-20 mix. The compressive strength at 3 days, 7days and 28 days have been obtained with normal curing condition. A maximum increase in compressive strength of 32.2Mpa with 10% of RHA replacement and silica fume of approximately 10% was observed. The compressive strengths of concrete is reduced as the percentage of RHA replacement is increased beyond 10%.