European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology

1-7

Authors: TS De Silva, L Senevirathne and TD Warnasooriya

This paper is all about designing an efficient Hydrogen-Hydrogen-Oxygen (HHO) generator, that produces Hydroxy gas which can be used to increase the fuel efficiency in an internal combustion engine. In a combustion engine, high pressure products of combustion expand through a turbine or a piston in order to generate power. In this scenario the high pressure products act as a working fluid. Currently there are three types of combustion engines in practice; Spark ignition engine, Diesel engine and Turbine engine. In these engines the fuel burning process seems to be very primitive. Hence, unburned fuel remains after the burning process. This causes the air pollution which is one of the biggest challenges that researches face in the automobile industry. HHO generator is an efficient approach that used to increase the fuel efficiency in a combustion engine by increasing the energy produced per mole of fuel during the ignition process. As a result the amount of unburned fuel in a combustion engine was reduced. The proposed approach is based on an ordinary HHO generator. Although people use HHO generators in practice a very little research has been carried out in implementing an efficient system. In this research we mainly focused on finding an efficient configuration of an ordinary HHO generator that is efficient than an ordinary system. Here the generator was tested under several conditions in order to determine a convenient design for an efficient HHO generator. An efficient/optimal system is supposed to produce a large volume of Hydroxy gas using a very little power. Therefore, such a system will be able to increase the power of a spark ignition engine while reducing the air pollution.

11-13

Authors: Nikita Agarwal, Siddharth Shukla, Varshit Agarwal, Swati Agarwal and Utkarsh Maurya

Advancement of technologies has resulted in the innovation of new engineering materials which are very difficult to machine with conventional machining process. Non-conductive ceramic materials are one of them. These have become important for various industrial applications .Their applications are increasing rapidly in industrial and engineering applications due to its high hardness, low thermal conductivity, and resistance to oxidation .Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) is one such innovative non-conventional process, which can machine the conductive as well as non-conductive engineering materials. Electro discharge machining (EDM) technique, a non-contact machining process, is applied for processing nonconductive ceramic using assisting electrode. In this technique, pyrolytic carbon layer on the ceramic surface formed by the cracked carbon from the carbonic dielectric plays the key role for continuous EDM. The formation of pyrolytic carbon and its stability depends upon the input power, work-piece material, tool electrode material, dielectric substance, polarity, and discharge duration. This paper explores and demonstrates the effectiveness of employing Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) for processing ceramics.

20-22

Authors: Ali I Al-Mosawi , Shaymaa Abbas Abdulsada and Abbass Hashim

Mechanical properties of epoxy composite reinforced with recycled plants fibers were studied. Impact strength, tensile strength, flexural strength and hardness were studied for composite material. These fibers were mixed with polypropylene resin in different reinforcement percentage (0%-60%) and the effect on the above mechanical properties was studied. It has shown an enhancement in these mechanical properties after reinforcement by fibers the value of mechanical properties will increase with increasing percentage of reinforcement.

31-33

Authors: Pallav Rawal and Shubhi Jain

This paper presents a design of planar microstrip patch antenna (MPA) with full ground plane which is able to operate at 5.5 GHz frequency with 200MHz band. The return loss at 5.5 GHz is -29.5dB for inset feed antenna. Maximum gain of this antenna is 5.7dB. Return loss is improved after introducing a pyramidal shaped defected ground plane at same frequency. Now the return loss is -36.81dB. All simulation work has been done on HFSSV10.

38-41

Authors: Satarupa Panda and Abinash Gaya

Different location update algorithms have been analyzed. Both Static location and movement based location schemes been analyzed with different cell sectors. Dynamic LM schemes have higher signaling traffic as compared to static LM schemes. The location updates are also measured over different cell structures. The reuse factors of cells are measured for different cell combinations with its proposed algorithm.

46-50

Authors: Komal Pawar and Tanuja Dhope

A number of biometric techniques have been used for personal identification such as face recognition, fingerprint recognition, voice recognition and signature recognition. However signature verification is most widely used. Signature being the most prominent handwritten proof of identity is used for authentication of documents in the fields of financial, commercial and legal transactions which requires high level of secured authentication. This paper discusses signature verification and recognition using neural network approach. The method uses scanned signature fed to computer where its image quality is enhanced and compared, finally verifies the authenticity using neural network training. The system involves several stages: image preprocessing, feature extraction and neural network training.

57-61

Authors: Manvir Kaur and Rajneesh Talwar

Exudates are one of the primary signs of diabetic retinopathy, which is a main cause of blindness and can be prevented with an early screening process. Diabetic retinopathy eye disease is harmful; causes pressure in eye nerve fibre. It is essential to diagnose it earlier. In this paper we have process on images of retina with the help of Digital Image Processing (DIP) tool in which images are detected and then processed. At last we describe the problem of detecting edges in images as a diabetic retinopathy (DR), macular degeneration and glaucoma. The edge detection problem can be separated into three stages: filtering; detection; and tracing and images separated with the application of different algorithm based on local pixel characteristics which can control the degree of Gaussian smoothing. Filtered images are then applied to a simple edge detection algorithm which evaluates the edge fuzzy association value for each pixel; based on local image characteristics.

68-71

Authors: M Geetha Bhargava

Due to bifurcation of united Andhra Pradesh by central government with improper planning and expectations of coming hardship that new state will come across for new capital which requires lot of area this leads to deforestation and removing greenery in surrounding areas. Andhra Pradesh does not have a Capital which was due to previous central government and some other mistakes and faults occurred in bifurcation bill. With that mistakes and faults, occurring of quarrelling’s and fights between Telangana state government and Andhra Pradesh state government about water and power distribution among them. We have to construct our capital from foundations and some environmental impacts are involved in construction process. We have to assess impacts for good and better Environment around capital area.

77-80

Authors: VR Sajitha, CM Nijas, TK Roshna and P Mohanan

A compact chip inductor loaded microstrip patch antenna for multiband application is proposed. The antenna is fabricated on a substrate of dielectric constant 4.4 and thickness 1.6mm. The proposed antenna is of circular geometry with a circular patch of radius 7mm surrounded by four different inductors which are connected to small rectangular metal patches. The obtained resonant frequencies are 2.28GHz, 2.82GHz, 3.96GHz and 5GHz. Optimization of the proposed antenna along with simulation and experimental results are presented.

84-89

Authors: Rahul Soangra, CB Majumder and Partha Roy

In recent time arsenic pollution is a serious threat to the human life. This pollutant is most prevalent in south eastern part of Asia. If not controlled properly it leads to severe diseases like cancer and ultimately death. Till date not too much has been done towards the development of any bioremediation methodology for this highly toxic chemical. There are scanty reports on the development of recombinant bacterial strains which has been used for the bioremediation of arsenic. In this study we have attempted to develop a methodology to improve the stability of arsenic sensitive genes (ars R) in a recombinant bacterial strain. Towards this end, genetically engineered bacterial strain, DH5α, has been transformed with ars R gene which was exposed to the arsenic rich water sample. Our study established that in the presence of arsenic in the medium, this cell is forced to maintain this plasmids and stably expressed in the bioreactors.