Zhurnal Ministerstva narodnogo prosveshcheniya

53-61

Authors: Irina S. Klyuchevskaya

The article examines the problems associated with the directions of work of companies in the field of personnel training in 2024. The main directions of work in the field of employee training are identified. First of all, this is strengthening the relationship between business and personnel training and development, which is mainly aimed at adapting new employees, eliminating the company’s weaknesses, improving staff qualifications and developing leadership skills, as well as strengthening team spirit and creating a personnel reserve. Secondly, it is improving the working skills of employees, mainly through the development of management competencies and technological skills. Motivation in the company to develop the competencies of employees occurs mainly through the construction of a reward system. Developing and improving a learning culture is currently one of the bottlenecks, with only about a third of organizations having one as such, but developing one is high on the list of priorities for many companies. A hybrid approach and multimodal training format, which means that almost two thirds of companies develop their own training content. In general, corporate training is perceived positively by both employers and employees. It ensures high-quality and efficient performance by employees of their work functions, increasing employee loyalty, and improving relationships within the team.

66-78

Authors: Marina А. Maznichenko, Ekaterina A. Krasa

The purpose of the article is to study the manifestations of group and collective identity in early adolescence and to describe the pedagogical conditions for the formation of collective identity. The article clarifies the concepts of social, group and collective identity from pedagogical positions in relation to younger adolescence. The features of manifestations and actual forms of collective identity in early adolescence are described. The results of teenagers' self-assessment of their group affiliation are presented. The key problems hindering the formation of collective identity are identified. The necessity of purposeful formation of collective identity as an urgent task of educating younger teenagers is substantiated. The pedagogical conditions of its formation are described. The conducted research allowed us to draw the following conclusions. Younger adolescence is sensitive to the formation of group and collective identity. At this age, it is important to focus on the formation of collective identity as an aspiration to consciously and independently choose groups of belonging, actively participate in determining group norms and values, in the formation of group subjectivity, in initiating and performing various types of collective activities aimed at others and for others. Younger teenagers consider themselves to belong to various groups, the most popular among which are family, a group of friends, Russian citizens, residents of their city, and a group on social networks. The largest proportion of teenagers notes a strong emotional connection with their family, residents of their city and country, and representatives of their nationality. Teenagers experience positive emotions in relation to these groups, as well as in relation to communities of interest. A classroom, a school community, a yard company, and children's public organizations are less likely to evoke positive emotions and a strong emotional connection. Less than half of teenagers are actively involved in the affairs and events of belonging groups. The largest number of teenagers feels free, comfortable and safe in their family, their own country and city, with representatives of their nationality, as well as in the company of friends. Much fewer teenagers feel psychological comfort in the classroom, at school, in a children's organization, or in a group on social networks. Most teenagers consider themselves accepted in membership groups, with the exception of the teenage subculture. The most accepting group for teenagers is the family. In the classroom, school, yard company, social media group, interest group, children's public organization, a little more than half of teenagers consider themselves accepted. The degree of acceptance differs in different classes and depends on the relationship in the group. The obtained results of teenagers' self-assessment of their group affiliation showed the need for purposeful formation of collective identity, starting from early adolescence. The article presents the pedagogical conditions of such formation.

3-11

Authors: Elena N. Kochetkova

Changing conditions of development and modern requirements for the quality of training of specialists with secondary vocational education poses new challenges to the system of secondary vocational education aimed at developing the country's human resources potential. One of the reasons for the poor preparedness of middle-level specialists is the lack of practical training, low motivation to study and the need for knowledge; insufficient qualifications of the teaching staff. As one of the ways to solve the problem of training highly qualified specialists capable of solving the problems of economic and social development at their own level, the associated management of the process of formation of readiness for managerial activity as one of the key competencies is proposed. The mechanism for the formation of practical skills of managerial activity and interaction with the teacher is a workbook-diary, which allows for self-development and self-improvement not only for students, but also for teachers. Through the use of coupled management, the tasks of motivation for learning, formation of readiness for managerial activity, improvement of the quality of training, conscious and responsible attitude to results and informed decision-making are solved.

20-31

Authors: Denys А. Novikov

The article studies the evolution of the UBI doctrines, reveals the concept of UBI from a critical standpoint, and defines the prospects for its research within the framework of the science of labor and social law. It is noted that the doctrine of the concept of UBI was revealed in the framework of the social-utopian and liberal branches of research. In the social-utopian aspect, the UBI concept is presented as an element of an ideal social structure that embodies ideas about equality and justice. The introduction of the social-utopian concept of UBI is impossible due to the insurmountable political and economic antagonisms of the capitalist world order. The liberal branch of research considers the ideological and economic tool for resolving the underlying problems of the market economy system in the concept of the UBI. At the present stage, the UBI is proposed as a universal tool for keeping a significant part of the population at a minimum sufficient level, who have lost the opportunity to earn money due to the widespread automation and informatization of production. As part of the criticism of the liberal branch of research on the UBI concept, the author highlights the psychological, economic and social aspects. According to the author, the science of labor and social law should be extremely careful about the concept of UBI. Scientists need to take into account all the possible risks of introducing UBI for the political, economic and social system of the state. The author believes that jurisprudence in the form of labor and social law should pay attention to criticism of the UBI researches and to the search for optimal solutions in the field of labor regulation and social security, consistent with the interests of employees. The latter should include the development of a phased mechanism for reducing the working hours and differentiating of social benefits.

41-50

Authors: Vladimir I. Shapovalov, Igor B. Shuvanov

The problem of the efficiency of work performance is not related to the technical or technological equipment of production, but, first of all, with the unused socio-psychological potential of employees. In the article, the expectation of the image of the head by employees acts as an unused potential that increases the success of the activity. Based on the analysis of literary sources, the main indicators of the overall success of employees are identified and the formula for calculating the desired indicator is given. The assessment of the level of expectation of the image of the head is based on the index of the inconsistency of the employees' assessment of the subjectively expected image of the head with the assessment of the image of the real head. To determine the success of the activities of employees with different expectations of the image of the head, a comparative analysis of the average values of success indicators in two contrasting groups of employees with high and low levels of expectations of the image of the head was carried out. In conclusion, the relationship between the overall success of the employees' activities and the level of expectation of the manager's image is determined. The resulting correlation coefficient r = -0.55 means that there is a noticeable negative relationship, that is, the greater the mismatch of the expectation of the image, the lower the success of the employees, and vice versa. The results obtained can be used in the training of managers, analysis and adaptation of their behavior to the conditions of a specific activity in order to optimize the system of interaction between the manager and subordinates.

53-62

Authors: Alexandr Yu. Bliznevsky, Valentina S. Bliznevskaya, Vladimir P. Klochkov, Mikhail Yu. Shvetsov, Tatiana I. Osina

The article considers specific issues of employing artificial intelligence (AI). It shows its potential and undeniable advantages to managing relevant information. Built-in algorithms of selection, search and analysis of research information make it possible to stimulate the development of perspective scientific ideas and, on the contrary, slow down the work that leads researchers away from the main directions of innovative developments. Due to scientometric indicators, some research works can have a higher priority, receive wide publicity and recognition. They allow keeping records of members of the academic community and efficiency of their research which helps receive the necessary level of support and financing. This phenomenon is particularly important for its predictive function, which allows maximizing the scientific and digital business. In this regard, the algorithm of algorithms has an even greater role to make possible not only creation and application of artificial intelligence, but also its subsequent training on the basis of a constantly and continuously increasing flow of scientific information. The article indicates the past and current fields of AI application and outlines the prospects for its development. The authors pay particular attention to the main aspects of using artificial intelligence in advanced countries. They give the main methodological approaches to improve the capabilities of artificial intelligence.

70-94

Authors: Dmytro V. Kudinov

This work is a microhistorical study that localizes the sixteen-year history of a separate educational institution – the Second Sumy Women's Gymnasium. The author used 98 sources, including 18 archives of the State Archives of the Sumy region (including 10 cases from the gymnasium fund). Other groups of sources are represented by periodicals, journals of the Sumy district zemstvo assembly, reports and estimates of the zemstvo, circulars of the Kharkiv educational district and address calendars of the Kharkiv province. The historiography is represented mainly by researches from the 2000s – 2010s. For the convenience of material perception the text is rubriced with blocks: the Foundation of the Sumy grammar school and its further transformation into grammar school with a full course of training, Management of the grammar school, Society of the help to pupils in need, Financing, Pedagogical collective, Students, Educational work, Transformation of the gymnasium into a Soviet school. The particular attention is paid to those who initiated the educational institution establishment and provided significant financial support for its existence. In this regard, the peculiarities of the activities of the Society for Assistance to Needy Students, which equalized the opportunities for education for women from various segments of the population. The financial situation of the educational institution, sources of the budget replenishment are described in detail. It has been found out that in the first years of the gymnasium existence the budget was formed mainly at the expense of subsidies from local authorities and donations from private individuals. Further, like in the vast majority of high schools, the finds were raised via contributions of parents for the students' «right to learn». It has been specified that before the February Revolution the financial and material situation of the gymnasium remained stable and only in the second half of 1917th a crisis arose, which led to the search for non-standard solutions to replenish the school budget. The advantage of females in the management and implementation of professional responsibilities in the gymnasium is emphasized. The staff of its employees is analyzed. The characteristics of students have taken into account their quantitative, ethno-confessional and class composition, as well as the success in acquiring knowledge. The characteristics of the educational work emphasize the participation of the gymnasium in school tourism movements.

107-122

Authors: Yury S. Tyunnikov

In modern conditions of modernization of the general education system, the problem of risk classification is of particular relevance, since the effectiveness of many management decisions depends on its solution. The article is devoted to the methodological features of the binary (binary) approach to the classification of risks in general education. The proposed solution to the problem is focused on overcoming the shortcomings of existing approaches, primarily by changing the methodological guidelines and classification procedures, the essence of which is determined by the principles of binary foundation, discrete transformation, deductive sweep, dichotomization. The main feature of the approach being developed is its reliance on the initial relationship “risk factor in a general education organization - the mechanism for the development of a general education organization”, which implies the consistent deployment and coordination of two analytical components. The risk factor acts as the first analytical component, and the mechanism for the development of a general educational organization acts as the second. It is shown that such a two-sided classification, firstly, leads to a more complete consideration of risks, and secondly, creates the necessary prerequisites for a better understanding of the features of working with risks in the process of managing the development of a general educational organization. The article provides a classification of risks in a general education organization. The results of the study can be used in solving the problems of managing the development of educational institutions, as well as in developing the content of programs and scientific and methodological support for the system of advanced training of teachers.

3-10

Authors: Valentina Bliznevskaya, Vladimir Klochkov, Alexander Nain, Tat'yana Malkova, Ekaterina Shmidt

The article focuses on the beginning of the dichotomous research of the interdisciplinary category "culture". It also considers the objective and subjective aspects of the essence of the analyzed general scientific category. The previously mentioned method of such innovations on pedagogy already exists and is being improved in higher education. The prerequisites of the dichotomous approach have determined the wide use of formalization means. The means include logical constructs and formulas addressed to the interdisciplinary category "culture". It is quite a complex object of analysis. On its basis with the help of formal logic, the authors obtained several system-parametric formulas reflecting subject-object and subject-subject indicators. With the successful application of dialectical logic, the authors identified five types of resolving contradictions between the principal dichotomies underlying the prerequisites of the initial stage of the interdisciplinary concept "culture".

16-24

Authors: Marina P. Gerasimova

The article considers a continuous pedagogical education from the point of view of existential philosophy and positive psychology, in which the category "life", as a cognitive act, is identified with the continuity of cognition and establishes semantic links with the teaching and self-realization of a person throughout all stages of life and his educational path to revise the concept of quality of education. The article presents an overview of philosophical theories of existentialism and positive psychology, united by the plot-thematic proximity of reflections on the individual and personal characteristics of human existence and its social roles within the idea of lifelong learning in terms of finding individual routes at different stages of continuing professional education, depending on needs and motives (deficits and successes or failures). The article raises the question of the organization of the integrity of the educational professional path in terms of theoretical knowledge and practical professional activity, i.e. the content of professional education, based on the organization of living space for self-movement in the field of human capabilities ("individual educational route" and "educational trajectory"), which serve as the foundation of lifelong education or continuous professional education of a person, as well as the formation of professionalism and competence of a professional specialist.

34-41

Authors: Svetlana S. Novikova

The author of the article reveals the concept of the professional orientation of educational psychologists through a coordinated set of methods and means for designing, implementing and analyzing the results of educational activities. The created program of empirical research reflects the sequence of tasks to be solved in studying the relationship between self-relationship and the psychological culture of future educational psychologists. The article substantiates the relevance of the formation of readiness for professional orientation and, in this context, the psychological culture of future educational psychologists is studied. The presented program is aimed at testing the hypothesis put forward about the relationship between the level of self-attitude and the level of psychological culture of the personality of future psychologists in the framework of forming their readiness for professional orientation. The article reflects the results of studying the psychological culture of future specialists of educational psychologists who receive higher education at the bachelor's level of 3-4 courses and at the master's level of 1-2 courses, full-time and part-time forms of education.

32-40

Authors: Anna V. Belaya

The article discusses the concept of formation of readiness for self-design of the student's personal and professional model in the learning process, the relationship of the stages of self-design with the content of the components of the student's initiative student and the process of development of readiness for quality management of education. The tasks of students' self-design are presented, which are solved by the corresponding component of the student initiative; approximate measures that increase the effectiveness of solving these tasks and non-effective scenarios that prevent the formation of readiness for self-design and quality management of their own education. The conditions for the effective implementation of the stages of self-design development through the formation of the student's experience in managing educational activities; the construction of a system of teaching students the basics of quality management of education; support from teachers and university administration. The analysis of the data of the experimental approbation of the model is given.

50-57

Authors: Aleksandr Yu. Bliznevskii, Vladimir P. Klochkov, Svyatoslav V. Klochkov, Natal'ya V. Soboleva, Bi Tsyushuan

The article is addressed to the continuation of the dichotomous study of the general scientific category “culture”. At the same time, not only the basic objective, subjective aspects of the one-dimensional essence of the analyzed general scientific concept were taken into account, but also its additional dimensions of complexity. To date, the above-mentioned methodology of such innovations in the pedagogical specialty 13.00.04 already exists, is being improved just in the higher education system. When using an interdisciplinary dichotomous approach, formalization was widely used. It greatly facilitated the binary analysis of complex objects, which included the category "culture". On its basis, a number of parametric formulas reflecting both the main (subject-object and subject-subject) and additional dichotomies were obtained using aggregate formal logics. When using dialectical logic, five types of resolution of contradictions between sets of dichotomies were identified. The use of a class of formal logics and their dialectical analogue made it possible to present the multidimensional essence of the interdisciplinary category “culture” with the help of formalization tools.

70-80

Authors: Marina A. Maznichenko, Nataliya I. Neskoromnykh, Kristina N. Molchanyuk

The purpose of the article is to describe the methodology of psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children using a scenario approach and the potential of film pedagogy. To achieve the goal, the following methods were used: generalization of domestic and foreign studies, pedagogical analysis and selection of feature films about gifted children, designing a methodology for using a scenario approach in the psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children. According to the results of the study, the following conclusions were made: psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children should be aimed at developing their enhanced abilities, helping them solve psychological problems, problems in building relationships with peers, parents, teachers, in designing, implementing, correcting life scenarios and scenarios for the realization of giftedness. Such support should be provided by subject teachers, teachers of additional education, a class teacher, a teacher-psychologist and include work with both gifted children themselves and their parents. In the organization of such support, it is advisable to apply a scenario approach, which consists in the diagnosis and correction of life scenarios and scenarios for the realization of the giftedness of such children using the potential of cinematography.