INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH -GRANTHAALAYAH

1-12

Authors: Mohammad Taqiuddin Mohamad, Muhamad Husni Hasbulah, Mohd Izuan Razali

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine the profitability indicators of full-fledged Malaysia Islamic explored in 1994-2013. Design/methodology/approach: The return on assets (ROA) is used as profitability measures to determine the effect of Risk Taking Behavior, transmission of monetary policy and macroeconomic conditions indicators on profitability. The descriptive, correlation and panel regression analysis results are derived with the help of Limdep 9.0 software. Findings: The retained profit, return on equity, money supply and economic growth establish positive and significant relation with profitability models. Otherwise, the highest credit risk taking and loan loss provision lead to lower profitability measured by return on assets (ROA). Originality/value: The main objective of the study is providing empirical evidence on indicators of profitability in case of seventeen full-fledged Malaysia Islamic Bank to fill a demanding gap in the literature.

20-37

Authors: Sunishtha Dhaka

Co-Creation has attracted serious research attention in the recent past. Purpose of this paper is to review co-creation research, classify research articles according to the two approaches, content and process and on the basis of methodologies used in the articles and find the gaps in the literature for better co-creation research. A total of 110 articles from 53 refereed journals are classified into six categories on the basis of content approach: Value co-creation, cocreation, customer engagement, co-innovation, co-destruction and customer network. Research methodologies were classified into conceptual, empirical, descriptive, exploratory and experimental approaches. This study finds lacking in co-creation evaluation and implementation as well as better facilitation of co-creation value chain and processes. This paper could be helpful for business managers as well as for the firms to understand co-creation efficiency and to regain the customer’s satisfaction, trust and loyalty to facilitate customers to innovate and enhance competitive advantage

47-56

Authors: Banti Khan,Ashita Goyal

Increasing weight of backpacks of school going students and its adverse effect on children’s body is shown through survey of Indore city. Outcome of survey shows that the average of ratio of backpack weight to body weight of school children was 20.62% which is higher than acceptable limit. It gives a method to reduce the impact of schoolbag on spinal cord of children body. In this paper, the effect of center of gravity of schoolbag on human body is observed which is shifted in a position which lowers the effect of schoolbag stress by applying CGSHIFTER method.

69-76

Authors: Md. Fazlee Hossain, Sabuj Das

In 1995, R. Fokkink, W. Fokkink and Wang defined the FFWn in terms of s  , where s  is the smallest part of partition . In 2008, Andrews obtained the generating function for FFWn . In 2013, Andrews, Garvan and Liang extended the FFW-function and obtained the similar expressions for the spt-function and then defined the spt-crank generating functions. They also defined the generating function for FFWz,n in various ways. This paper shows how to find the number of partitions of n into distinct parts with certain conditions and shows how to prove the Theorem 1 by induction method. This paper shows how to prove the Theorem 2 with the help of two generating functions.

90-100

Authors: Dr. Vijayalaxmi Biradar

Violence against women is one of the old paradoxes of Indian Society. Contradictory statements about glorifying and condemning women are found in abundant measure. In Indian society, we talk about equality, dignity and respect for women, and goes to the extent of saying that “Gods reside where women are worshipped” at the practical operational level the society. However, follows practices that are quite contrary to its preaching’s. In one go the society considers women, as goddesses and in another go as slaves, but never as human beings with dignity and self-respect. The rhetoric apart, dual standards for men and women have paved the way for gradual deterioration of women’s position. Systemic degradation, inferiority and sub ordination is thus, an old theme of ancient vintage (Social Welfare: 2008).

4

Authors: Dr. Bijender Singh Chauhan

This paper examines the nature of creativity in visual art. Creativity requires originality and effectiveness in the work of art whether it is a design or a painting. Originality is undoubtedly required. It is often labeled novelty, but whatever the label, if something is not unusual, novel or unique, it is commonplace, mundane or conventional. It is undoubtedly cannot be called creative work. According to my opinion, creativity requires confluence of some instinct like intellectual abilities, knowledge, and style of thinking, personality, motivation and environment. It varies across time and place but nature of creativity essentially the same around the globe.

7

Authors: Dr. Badreldin Mohamed Ahmed Abdulrahman, Dr. Tarig Ibrahim Mohamed Abdelmalik

Income defines as the money that an individual or business receives in exchange for providing a good or service or through investing capital and it is consume to fuel day to day expenditure. This study has been conducted in 2014. The objective of this study is to assess income generation activities in Darfur, particularly in Geneina and Zalingei localities of West and Central Darfur (WCD) by using questionnaire its size 80 individuals, we obtained the following results a. Agriculture is the main and alternative source of income in WCD b. Financing is the main problem in WCD c. The role of National and local government and united nations (UN) agencies in generating income is less than that played by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and international non-governmental organizations (INGOs).

8

Authors: Wondwesen Shiferaw, Ermiyas Mekonen, Kebere Bezaweletaw, Yasin Goa, Eliyas mesikelu, Getachew Gashaw, Shiferaw Boke, Alayu Mekuria, bereket zeleke

The livelihood of over 93% of the people Southern Nation Nationality and peoples Region of Ethiopia dependent on agriculture; however, agricultural system in the region is at subsistence level. Much effort has been put to generate or adapt agricultural technologies that would help to increase production and productivity but only few technologies adopt by the end users. Because, technologies might have not be driven from the real need of the end users. A top bottom approach that dominantly centered researchers/ professional attitudes has been fallowed. For the successful research and development achievement, an agro-ecology based assessment is crucial to understand the specific farming system production practices and problems and technology needs of farmers and /or pastoralists. In this line, an assessment study was conducted in H1 agro-ecology of Shishir PA in Debub Ari district of South omo zone. Mixed farming is the livelihood of the farmers in the PA. The rain fall pattern is bimodal .Major crops grown in the area are Sorghum Maize, Common bean, field pea, and sunflower, Enset (Enset ventricosum), Yam, Cassava, Irish Potato, Sweet Potato, Taro, Garlic, Shallot, Cabbage, Banana, Coffe, Sugarcane, Corianders, Ginger and Peppers.

11

Authors: Okolo Chidiebere Cajetan, Ezechukwu O.A., Olisakwe C.O., Ezendokwelu C.E., Umunna Chike

In this thesis, the characterization of electrical porcelain insulators based on local clays has been investigated. Test samples were made by varying the quantities of feldspar and silica required to form a mouldable plastic body with each clay sample. The clay samples were bisque fired which is to 900°C and glazed before it was fired to 1250°C after air-drying. An electrical property such as dielectric strength (breakdown voltage) was determined for each test sample that survived the high temperature. The composition for optimum properties from Ekwulobia and Iva Valley clays each is at composition 3 of 60% clay, 25% feldspar and 15% silica; while for Nawfija clay, the composition for optimum properties was 50% clay, 30% feldspar and 20% silica. Porcelain insulators containing 50-70% clay, 20-30% feldspar and 10-20% silica were found to have requisite properties that make them suitable for domestic production of porcelains insulators from the clay samples studied.

3

Authors: Dr. Bijender Singh Chauhan

Colours are forces radiant energies that affect us positively or negatively, whether we are aware of it or not in our daily life. The effects of colours should be experienced and understood not only but also psychologically and symbolically. This paper investigates the various effects of light and colours on our visual apparatus –eye and brain and their anatomical relationships and functions. This paper describes the influence of colour radiation on our mind and spirit. Discovery of relationships, mediated by the eye and brain is major concern of my studies. Paper describes colour perception and colour aesthetic in three directions: 1) Impression (visually) 2) Expression (emotionally) 3) Construction (symbolically).

9

Authors: Mala Bharti Lodhi, Prof. Vineet Richhariya, Prof. Mahesh Parmar

Now in these days due to rapidly increasing network applications the data and privacy security in network is a key challenge. In order to provide effective and trustable security for network, intrusion detection systems are helpful. The presented study is based on the IDS system design for network based anomaly detection. Thus this system requires an efficient and appropriate classifier by which the detection rate of intrusions using KDD CPU dataset can be improved. Due to study there is various kind of data mining based, classification and pattern detection techniques are available. These techniques are promising for detecting network traffic pattern more accurately. On the other hand recently developed the hybrid models are providing more accurate classification. Thus a hybrid intrusion system is presented in this proposed work. That provides a significant solution even when the overall learning patterns are not available in database. Therefore, three different data mining algorithm is employed with system. Proposed system consists of K-mean clustering algorithm for finding the relationship among data in order to filter data instances. The implementation of the proposed classification system is performed using MATLAB environment and performance of designed classifier is evaluated. The obtained results from the simulation demonstrate after filtering steps. On the other hand the classification accuracy is adoptable with low number of training cycles with less time and space complexity.

12

Authors: Banti Khan, Ashita Goyal, Prof. Ashutosh Kumar Chobey

Three phase induction motors are widely used in industries due to their various technical as well as economical advantages. About 60% of industrial electricity is consumed by these motors, but the heat generation inside the motor due to various losses is a critical factor which degrades the dielectric properties of insulation and shortening the lifespan of motor. This paper presents the capillary based water cooling method of three phase squirrel cage induction motor. In this method, a jacket of capillaries made of jute and cotton is used as a outer cover for the motor casing. A small air gap passage is provided in between motor casing and inner surface of jacket. Natural Water Cooling Capillaries (NWCC) method is used to lower down the surrounding temperature of motor which reduces heating limitations of motor. For this purpose we select a 1.1kW three phase, 50Hz squirrel cage induction motor. Heat run test is performed on this motor to determine the total loss of energy dissipated as heat on three phase squirrel cage induction motor with and without adopting capillary based water cooling method. Comparison is done on the basis of experimental result which shows that the temperature withstanding capacity of induction motor will increase by 15.5 % after adopting capillary based water cooling method. This is an economical method and no external energy is required for cooling purpose.

1-13

Authors: Dr. Jyoti Sharma

India and Pakistan are two strategically important neighboring countries in Asia-Pacific region. Since independence of more than six decades, both, India and Pakistan have transverse different paths, India as a Sovereign, Democratic, Republic Country and Pakistan as Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The advent of democracy in India and Islamic republic in Pakistan resulted in new hopes, aspirations and demands on education. During the six decades after Independence, teacher education in both countries has come a long way from its initial bleak stature to gain an identity as a complex network of institutions and programs. The present paper takes a close look into the paradigm shift in teacher education programs in India and Pakistan and how much the shift is influenced by constitutional frameworks of each country. Paper looks into the pertinent issues in pre-service teacher education such as pedagogical beliefs, theory-practice gaps, curriculum and assessment within the educational framework of both the countries. The paper identifies crucial areas that demands attention of academia of both the countries to develop research partnerships and strengthen cooperation to improvise status of “Education” as a whole in South –Asian region.

20-37

Authors: Dr. Samuel Atindanbila, Mr. Asafo Seth Mawusi, Mr. Alexander Attiogbe, Mr. Edward Abasimi, Mr. Philemon Amooba

This study explores the biopsychosocial factors that affect the decision of Ghanaian men to use sexual enhancers/aphrodisiacs. The study was qualitative in nature and made use of thematic content analysis as its main tool of analysis. Two focus groups involving ten (10) participants were used in the study. Participant age ranges was between 25 – 59 years. Findings indicated that the decision to use an aphrodisiac involve a complexity of interactions between social, psychological and biological factors. The main social findings were that a man’s sexual ability to perform sex is indicative of status and prestige in society. The psychological reason for the use of aphrodisiacs was to punish women. The biological reasons were to use sexual enhancers as tools to prove masculinity and as a function of age and absence of disease. The study also gave the easy availability of sexual enhancers in Ghana, as one of the reasons. Recommendations centred on education on the effects of sexual enhancers and their availability on the market be controlled.

49-60

Authors: Sabuj Das

In this article the rank of a partition of an integer is a certain integer associated with the partition. The term has first introduced by freeman Dyson in a paper published in Eureka in 1944. In 1944, F.S. Dyson discussed his conjectures related to the partitions empirically some Ramanujan’s famous partition congruences. In 1921, S. Ramanujan proved his famous partition congruences: The number of partitions of numbers 5n+4, 7n+5 and 11n +6 are divisible by 5, 7 and 11 respectively in another way. In 1944, Dyson defined the relations related to the rank of partitions. These are later proved by Atkin and Swinnerton-Dyer in 1954. The proofs are analytic relying heavily on the properties of modular functions. This paper shows how to generate the generating functions for N(1,n),N(1,n),N(2,n),N(m,n),N(0,5,n),N(1,5,n)... In this paper, we show how to prove the Dyson’s conjectures with rank of partitions.

69-83

Authors: Roy Bikram Jit, Nripendra Kumar Singha, S.M.Hasan Ali, Md. Gaziur Rhaman, Md. Fukrul Alam

The study was conducted during July, 2003 to June, 2013 about landing volumes of shark fishery (sharks and rays) in artisanal and industrial fishing sector only in group- wise not in species wise. In these periods, in artisanal fisheries gill nets (shark nets), set bag nets, long lines and trammel nets exploiting data were analyzed. But from 2012-13 periods in industrial fisheries harvesting data of sharks and rays by trawl fishing were started to record keeping in group wise. During 2012-13 total sharks and rays landing volume contributes only 0.85% (5017 MT) of total the marine fish production of Bangladesh. During 2010-11 to 2012-13 no sharks and rays product items had been traded from Bangladesh due to international market ban But from 2003-04 to 2009-10 period sharks and rays product with fish maws export to the Myanmar, India, Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, China, USA and other countries. Dried and iced sliced meat of shark and rays, its sun-dried hide, bones, fins, tails, teeth and shark liver oil all are sold for local consumers, but only sets of fins (2 pectoral, 2 pelvic, 1 dorsal, 2 anal and 1 caudal fin) and skins were exporting to the foreign markets, which has been stopped now. In the year 2009-10 total 955 MT of sharks and rays product (with fish maws) were exporting and earning (app.) USD 1.60 million. For the conservation and management of shark fishery need National Plan of Action, which exploiting in the MSY and help to banning of critically endangered sharks and rays species. Appropriate law in the Fish Act (at present Fish Act has no forms of restriction for harvesting sharks, while Forestry Act restricts it in Sundarbans area) for sustainable harvesting and conservation of the elasmobranchs. Such law should include how many boats (motorized- and non-motorized) and industrial trawlers could be allowed to harvest sharks from which area, in which season and the allowable limit of harvests; in every case proper ways of fishing methods should strictly be followed. Coastal areas around Saint Martin’s Island and Sundarbans proposed by the Bay of Bengal should be declared as Marine Protected Area as most sharks use these areas as their nursing grounds.

99-107

Authors: Leili Shahlaei, Shahizan Hasan, Norshafrin Ahmad, S. Kiumarsi

The study aimed at investigating how to apply two familiar tools formeasuringdepression among diabetic patients in Iran. The study discusses about two inventories and emphasizes that depression is such an important issue that needs to receive a great deal of attention in order to create grounds to be prevented or cured. The issue of concept of tools was also discussed in the study. The discussion in the paper is based on the conceptual framework of Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).Thesetools are appropriate for the study because they allowthe reader to understand how to measureand identify symptoms of depression. The paper recommends that the tools should be carefully applied in order to improve mental health and reduce the prevalence of depression.

8

Authors: Sadashiv s. Mugali*1

Human beings are born equal in dignity and rights. These moral claims are articulated and formulated in what is today known as human rights. Human rights are rights inherent to all human beings whatever our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or ethic origion, colour, religion, language or any other status. We are all equally entitled to our human rights without discrimination. The origin of human rights may be found both in Greek philosophy and the various world religions. In the Age of Enlightenment the concept of human rights emerged as an explicit category. Origin of the idea of human rights in India though the Rigveda Perod. The term Human Rights refer to those rights are considered universal to humanity, regardless of citizenship, residency status, ethnicity, gender, or other considerations. The present topic is a burning issue and has a great significance in the world especially the developing nations like India. The experience of the last five decades in the area of human rights has become a matter of deep concern. The early history of human rights movement can be traced from 13th century. India was closely and actively participating in all these developments, Finally Government of India introduced the Human Rights Commission Bill in the Lok Sabha on 14th May 1992.

13

Authors: Koumi Dutta*1, Bibaswan Basu2, Devashish Sen3

Motorised two-wheelers are cost effective fuel-efficient system to manage occupational compulsions and time bound responsibilities but on the other hand they account for maximum traffic accident deaths. Bike riders are exposed to prolonged static posture causing significant angular deviations at all most all joints of the body as well as lumbar angle (L1-L5). All these postural alterations are contributory factors to stress and musculo-skeletal symptoms. Although the vibration remains within the OSHA limit, the vibration map and pain map of a two-wheeler rider’s were observed to have strong correlations. Varied emotional and psycho-social components contribute to cumulative stress among them. Bike riding also involves visual acuity, which alters critical flicker frequency of the riders indicating immense visual stress and subsequent adaptation. Proper stress management, ergonomic intervention in engineering revisions of the two wheeler design may contribute to reduce chances of accident and ensure safety, wellbeing and performance of the riders.