Advances in Human Biology

1-4

Authors: Dipti S Shah, Kalpesh Vaishnav, Sareen Duseja, Rima S Sheth.

Aim: The concept of the Recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion is useful in diagnosing and developing symmetry, dominance and proportion for esthetically pleasing smiles. This study was undertaken to evaluate validity of RED proportion in mandibular anterior teeth. Materials and Method: One hundred and three subjects in age group of 50 yrs. and more were selected for the study. Photographs of subjects were taken using Nikon D200 camera with 135mm lens and analyzed using Adobe Photoshop CS4 extended software. The widths of mandibular central incisor, lateral incisor and canine were measured with this software and their successive proportions were calculated. Results: After calculating proportions in mandibular anterior teeth, P value was found to be statistically insignificant (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, RED proportion was not seen in mandibular natural dentition.

14-17

Authors: Shital DP Kiran, Megha C Patel, Rohan Bhatt, Kuntal Bhatt.

Aim: To evaluate the crazing of preformed stainless steel crowns by two different temperatures of autoclave sterilization. Materials and Method: 15 stainless steel crowns (3M ESP) were divided into 3 groups namely Group 1(G1) which was taken as control, Group 2(G2) which underwent Steam autoclaving at 121°c, 15psi pressure for 20 minutes and Group 3(G3) which underwent Steam autoclaving at 132°c, 30psi pressure for 8 min. The changes on the vestibular surface were then scored for presence or absence of crazing by using stereomicroscopy. The data was then analysed. Results: In control group the surface was relatively smooth when observed under stereomicroscope. However, in Group 2 cracks involving one-third to one-half of the surface were seen under stereomicroscope. Similar results were obtained in Group 3. Conclusion: Technique of steam autoclaving of sterilization has harmful effect on the surface of stainless steel crowns.

25-33

Authors: Naveen Rao, Prithish Patnayak, Shreyas Sorake, Ashish Shetty, Chethan M Koteswara, Vikram Bhat.

Aim: Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint traditionally involves irrigation of the upper joint space and manipulation of the joint, using 2 needles inserted through two separate puncture sites. The blind insertion of the second needle is often challenging. The surgeon may lose the right place during the procedure. So it may need manipulation and sometimes even multiple punctures. This often leads to extra-articular leak of the lavage solution which decreases the intra-articular pressure required for lysis. To overcome this unwanted clinical situation, a simple technique of introducing both the needles through a single puncture to accomplish the procedure of arthrocentesis more effectively has been followed in this study. Materials and Method: This study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with inflammatory conditions of the temporomandibular joint. Patient underwent arthrocentesis using a modified dual needle device with Ringer’s lactate as a lavage solution. Pre-op and post-op data were recorded over three months and analyzed statistically. Results: Mouth opening and visual analogue score for pain which were analyzed by student paired t test revealed that mouth opening increased and pain decreased significantly (p<0.05). Joint sounds reduced only in two patients. Conclusions: Arthrocentesis is a simple conservative surgical procedure with minimal inVASion performed to flush the inflamed TMJ. Single puncture arthrocentesis technique with a dual needle device further simplifies the procedure which is evident with significant results. Future studies with larger sample size and longer duration of follow up will test the true efficacy of this technique.

39-42

Authors: Shital Kiran, Rohan Bhatt, Megha Patel, Nilay Shah.

Aim: To check the knowledge and technique of Wright’s modification of Frankl’s behavior rating scale among postgraduate students of pediatric dentistry in Ahmedabad city. Materials and Method: 21 postgraduate students studying in pediatric dentistry of different colleges from Ahmedabad city were selected. A questionnaire containing various questions regarding Wright’s modification of Frankl’s behavior rating scale was asked to fill. Result: The results suggested that they use this scale routinely and rate it properly but there are differences in timing of the rating. Conclusion: All Post Graduate students in pediatric dentistry from Ahmedabad city colleges use Wright’s modification of Frankl behavior rating scale routinely and correctly.

48-51

Authors: Palak Chudasama, Milan Mehta, Parv Doshi, Gyanendra Mishra, Dushyant Baraiya.

Background: Airway management in patient with Facio-Maxillary injury is challenging due to disruption of components of upper airway, and anesthesiologist has to share the airway with the surgeons. Submental Endotracheal Intubation is safe, simple and useful technique, where oral and nasal Endotracheal Intubation cannot be performed. It avoids tracheostomy and its consequent morbidity. Here is described a case of Submental endotracheal Intubation in a 52 years old patient with panfacial trauma (FMI). He was schedule for surgical reconstruction involving Maxilo-Mandibular Fixation. Intermittent intra-operative, dental occlusion was needed to check alignment of fractured segment. Patient had nasal bone fracture and crush injury to tongue and its challenging task for an anesthesiologist to manage such airway without further damage to upper airway. Several techniques have been proposed. In this case Submental endotracheal Intubation technique for surgery with the help of surgeon was used and intra operative and post-operative period was uneventful.

56-59

Authors: MS Muni Sekhar, Kiran G, KV Ramana Reddy, Krishna A, Charu Suri.

Background: Occurrence of giant cells has been reported in malignancies of pancreas, breast and thyroid but rarely in benign tumors. However, giant cells were observed in some benign odontogenic neoplasms like solid multicystic ameloblastoma. Studies were carried out in the past to establish the origin and nature of these giant cells and the results were quite variable. Here, a very rare case of unicystic ameloblastoma (UA) is presented which revealed focal multinucleated giant cells in close proximity to the calcifications seen in the connective tissue. An attempt was made to identify the nature and origin of these giant cells by immunohistochemical staining, the cells were negative for cytokeratin and positive for CD68. This suggests that the giant cells were non-epithelial in origin and probably were of foreign body type and stromal in origin.

65-70

Authors: Sohez J. Makani, Kiran Vachhani, Kailash Attur, Shoba Fernandes.

Background: A maxillary first molar with more than four canals is an interesting example of anatomic variations, especially when two of these canals are detected, with separate apical foramen in the distal root. The inability to locate the unexpected canals of various anatomical configuration and subsequently treat them, may lead to therapeutic failures. Endodontic retreatment is usually the modality of choice in such cases. This report describes a case of a maxillary first molar with five canals (two mesial canals in mesial root, two distal canals in two distal roots and a palatal canal in palatal root). Additionally it shows a rare anatomic configuration and emphasizes the importance of identifying additional canals.