Asian Business Review

88-96

Authors: Golam Mohammad Forkan

Though the Light Engineering industry occupies an important space within the Bangladeshi industrial domain, very few attempts of scholarly work to understand and improve the capabilities of this sub-sector has been undertaken in the past. Most of these problems of the sector can be grouped into two fronts: technological deficiencies and marketing inefficiencies. The technological deficiencies are outside the purview of this research,while the marketing challenges are at the center of the research. The objective of this research is to compare perception of different groups of light engineering small enterprises to enhancement of marketing capability through cluster concept. As per the methodology, the first stage of this research comprised of an exploratory research component. The second stage of this research was a conclusive research, where the insights gained from exploratory research were verified. Sampling technique was quota sampling under non-probability sampling. Sample size was 60 representing all the groups. ANOVA test was used to compare perception of different groups of light engineering small businesses. After analysis of variance and F test of all the questions for groups from three dimensions, it was found that perception to enhancement of marketing capability through cluster concept of groups from two dimensions (assets value and number of employee) is positive and variation is also insignificant, i.e., most of the hypotheses are null. Overall perception of groups from another dimension (type of activity) is also positive but variation is significant, i.e., two third hypotheses are null and one third hypotheses are alternative. JEL Classification Code: M31

103-105

Authors: Shamsu Uddin, Md. Mahbubur Rahaman, & Md. Mazharul Islam

Competitive environment among the industrial and service sector has also influenced the healthcare especially hospitals in private sector. There is a tremendous growth in private hospitals during the last three decades, due to inadequate healthcare facilities available at public hospitals to meet the near about 160 million people of Bangladesh. This factor had provided an opportunity for the private hospitals to fill this gap by providing better healthcare services to the patients that leads to patient’s satisfaction. This paper aimed to evaluate the service quality delivered by the private hospitals in Bangladesh based on patient’s perception. Keywords : Competitive; Healthcare; Hospitals; Private; Satisfaction. JEL Classification Code: M31; M39

114-120

Authors: Mozumdar Arifa Ahmed

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of self- esteem and optimism in job satisfaction among teachers of private universities in Bangladesh. The measuring instruments used in this study were: 1. Self-Esteem Scale (SES) (Rosenberg’s, 1965) for measuring self-esteem. 2. Life Orientation Test (LOT) (Scheier& Carver, 1985) for measuring Optimism. 3. Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) (Spector, 1985) for measuring job satisfaction. According to the objective of the present study the obtain data were analysed using Pearson product moment correlation. The survey results revealed that self-esteem and optimism is significantly positively correlated with teacher’s job satisfaction. Keywords: Teaching, Teachers, Self-esteem, Optimism, Motivation, Job Satisfaction. JEL Classification Code: M12; M51

126-131

Authors: Tanvir Alam, Shahi Md.

Due to the fast growing of the pharmaceutical sector, the demand of medicine is mostly fulfilled by the local industry. In the local market, the medicines are distributed and marketed by the Medical Promotion Officers (MPOs). The main objective of the study is to find out the job satisfaction, motivation and turnover factors of MPOs. Along with different reports, it is conducted direct field survey to the 40 (forty) MPOs of different pharmaceutical companies in the Khulna City. Likert Scale, based on five points, is used for data collecting. It is found that the most of the MPOs are not satisfied with their jobs and for this they are not motivated and for this their turnover tendency is high. The MPOs are dissatisfied with their job security, social status, working load, visit to retailers’ shop, sales target, no room for family, not getting the retirement benefit and not getting the family insurance support. And finally there is given suggestion by the force field analysis model for removing the restraining/negative forces factors for reducing the turnover rate. Also there is also mentioned the driving/positive forces factors for omitting the turnover rate. Keywords: Medical Promotion Officer (MPO); Job Satisfaction; Motivation; Turnover Factor; Force Field Analysis Model JEL Classification Code: M19

136-139

Authors: Silvia Akter

This paper aims to see the levels of empowerment exist in the private hospital in Dhaka city, considering the case of doctors and nurses. A small sample of 40 respondents from the two private hospitals was chosen randomly. The theories of empowerment are discussed and the results are analyzed in respect to the theories which shows that doctors are more empowered than the nurses. Keywords: Empowerment, leadership, Hospitals, Motivation JEL Classification Code: M10

145-151

Authors: Md. Rahimullah Miah

This paper explores a predicted framework for global e-Learning that emphasizes the transformative interaction among the effective individuals around the regional, national and global networking indicating advancement on pedagogical models, instructional strategies, and learning technologies in the context on upcoming generations. We have to develop the framework on global enhanced teaching and effective e-Learning to fulfill the required method, implementing design and appraising the feedback with educational technology according to topological network for disseminating of global education technology. Despite decades of development, electronic teachers still need practical examples of how to use electronic educational technology within a pedagogically effective way including electronic curricula, language tools and electronic facilitators. We present a theoretical framework for our representation method, taking into account previous models and characteristics of an effective e-Learning. In addition, we illustrate the course that we have to develop and implement among the participants in this expected model. We follow this with an evaluation of achievement, both in the course implementation and the amplitude framework. Finally, we focus advanced research trajectories of the model and recommendations for how to further develop the route. Key Words: E-Learning, Transformative Interaction, Teaching Pedagogy, Education Technology JEL Classification Code: L86; M00

1-4

Authors: Dr. Bilkis Raihana

This study is exploratory in nature. Changes in productivity in Bangladesh agriculture are issues of continuing research and policy interest. This article aims at interpreting the trends of productivity studies in Bangladesh agriculture sector including techniques, methods andmodels. This will be pursued on the basis of literature review of published books, journals and materials. Recent research developments in the study of productivity measurement have emphasized two things: the superiority of Total factor productivity (TFP) indexes and the use of flexible weight indexing procedures. But most of the earlier research work in Bangladesh agriculture has not incorporated both these approaches simultaneously. Efforts have been made to provide some recommendations to enhance the productivity studies in Bangladesh agriculture Keywords: Trends, Research, Productivity, Bangladesh agriculture JEL Classification Code: Q13; Q15; O13

9-14

Authors: Sayed Mohibul Hossen

Agriculture is an important sector for the overall development of any country like Bangladesh. Guava is amajor crop of Bangladesh, which has a significant demand in the local market. In this research, we have made a market study of guava by using time series agricultural data. The aim of the research is to know the cultural practices of guava and to study market model of guava in Bangladesh and to identify the best model that may be used for forecasting purposes. Three models (CLRM, ANCOVA and Log-Lin regression model) have been considered in this study. Ordinary least square (OLS) procedures have been used for estimation purpose. Reliable parameter estimates of the CLRM, ANCOVA and Log-Lin regression (Shil & Nath, 2008) modelwith minimum standard errors, high explanatory power have been obtained in this research. Keywords:Guava, Production, Prospect, Bangladesh. JEL Classification Code:Q110

21-29

Authors: Dr. Babu Jose, & Dr. D. Lazar

This study is to estimate optimal hedge ratio with the variables from Indian futures and spot market and also nineteen individual stock prices. Diagonal VEC-GARCH model is used for the period from June 2000 to June 2011. The Empirical results confirm that there is effective risksharing and hedging processes in Indian futures market. It is also found that Indian futures and spot markets have strong causal relationship; which allows the trader to make perfect arbitrage process and hedge their risks. Keywords : Hedge Ratio, Futures Market, Spot Market, Causal Relationship JEL Classification Code: G190

37-48

Authors: Abdullah Al Masum, & Fatema-Tuz-Johora

This paper applies performance evaluation of ceramic industry of Bangladesh and to test its financial soundness. The main aim is achieved through ratio analysis of four selected ceramic (Fu Wang, Monno, Shinepukur and Standard) companies in Bangladesh. Measurement of financial performance by ratio analysis helpsidentify organizational strengths and weaknesses by detecting financial anomalies and focusing attention on issues of organizational importance. The financial performance of this industry is measured in terms of profitability, solvency, efficiency and liquidity analysis and to test the financial soundness, Multivariate Discriminate Analysis (MDA) is used, which was developed by Prof. Altman. The study covers four public sector ceramic companies listed on Dhaka Stock Exchange. The study has been undertaken for the period of five years from 2006-7 to 2010-2011 and the necessary data has been obtained from the audited annualreport of the selected companies. The liquidity position was very weak in all the cases of the selected companies and thereby reflecting the difficulties in paying short-term obligation on due date. Financial stability of the selected companies has shown an upward trend. This study will help investors to identify the nature of financial performance of the ceramic industry of Bangladesh and will also help to take investment decision. Keywords : Ratio Analysis, Financial Distress, Altman Z Score, MDA, Bankruptcy. JEL Classification Code: M00; M13

56-66

Authors: Farid A. Sobhani, & Azlan Amran

This paper aims to explore the perceptions of senior bankers concerning nondisclosure of sustainability issues within the context of Bangladesh. The main objective of this paper is to critically examine the reasons for managerial reluctance to report corporate sustainability issues for two competing banks in Bangladesh, in general, and crucial issues, such as energy, human rights, and environmental issues, in particular. The study considered the perceptions of senior managers of two selected banks as gathered through an interview process. In total, 20 senior bankers of the two banks were interviewed to ascertain their perceptions concerning nondisclosure of corporate sustainability issues. The study found numerous reasons behind the nondisclosure ofsustainability issues, such as the lack of sufficient resources, absence of the practice by other banks, lack of a legal framework, lack of pressure from any other concern, absence of a sustainable corporate plan, shortage of manpower, lack of infrastructure and logistic support, and the cost involved. From an institutional perspective, organizational changes are not always favourable, sometimes organizational actors adapt strategies to resist any change. This research provides an explanation for non-disclosed items in the two selected banks’ sustainability reporting. The findings provide some indication of how such practices can be developed further. Keywords: Sustainability issue, Nondisclosure, Banks, Institutional theory, Bangladesh. JEL Classification Code: M49

72-79

Authors: Md Lutfor Rahman, Mohammad Ruhul Amin, & Md. Noman Siddikee

This study analyzes the impact of different types of dividend declaration, namely stock and cash dividends. Using event study method, MAAR and CAAR, this study found no evidence of abnormal returns on the declaration day for either of the types of dividends. However, significant negative returns are reported on days prior to the declaration day for stock dividend,indicating speculative nature of the investors. Furthermore, it provides positive returns during the post-announcement period as the investors realize the chance of potential gains. However, as far ascash dividend is concerned companies listed under DSE do not provide any significant abnormal returns during the 60 days event window. For CAAR, no significant return is reported for cash dividend, while stock dividend provided a maximum 5.6% abnormal returns during the post announcement period. JEL Classification Code: M41; M49