Mobility and Vehicle Mechanics

1-18

Authors: Tarun Kumar, Roger Stephen, Mohammad Zaeimi, Greg Wheatley

The purpose of this report is to investigate the design development and evaluate the structural and functional performance of the proposed system for the 2019 competition. With the review of the literature surrounding rear suspension systems, FSAE standards, analysis techniques and important design parameters, the foundation for the proposed James Cook University (JCU) 2019 rear suspension system is established. This paper is highlighted the development and analysis path undertaken in the construction of rear suspension system befitting a Formula SAE vehicle. Formula SAE is an international student competition centered on the design, construction and racing of an internal combustion vehicle. All parts are designed via SolidWorks and FEA testing is incorporated using ANSYS to test out various loads under different scenarios in racing. Main components including beam axle, trailing arms, brackets, spring and damper are covered in this paper. The design is focused on providing a low cost and easy to manufacture design which operate for infinite life cycles.

33-43

Authors: Saša Milojević, Ivan Miletić, Blaža Stojanović, Ivana Milojević, Marko Miletić

Increase in number of transport vehicles, especially motor vehicles, has negative impact on environment. It refers to air pollution problem due to usage (combustion) of fossil fuels in motor vehicles. Agriculture activities, factories, industry and many other activities additionally contributes to air pollution. Greenhouse gas emission is main cause of global warming and air pollution, and mainly occurs due to industry and transport. In many countries, the adoption of legislation gives priority to the use of electric vehicles due to lower emissions compared to conventionally powered vehicles (diesel or gasoline engines). In this way, goals have been set in the European Union and regulations have been passed which, among other things, require a certain percentage of motor vehicle recycling at the end of their service life. The Directive 2000/53/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council regulates waste management in the vehicle sector. Due to the increased number of electric vehicles, which participate in the transport of goods and people, the paper partially analyzes the problem related to the adaptation of existing recycling centers (for classic vehicles), for the needs of recycling electric vehicles and their specific parts and equipment (such as magnets and electric motors).

55-61

Authors: Mobin Majeed, Greg Wheatley

The aim of this paper is to design the steering system of the formula racing car. This includes the designing of its main components in solidworks, its analysis by calculation and finite element simulation. Load acting on the wheels of formula car are calculated and input in the analysis wherever necessary. The cars steering rack is repositioned to avoid any collision with a-arms. The force acting on the bolts at tie rod, clevis and mounting bracket is found below its yield strength. The clevis attached at the end of the rack is subject to load and fatigue analysis in ANSYS and all results were found satisfactory. Similar analysis is done for rack arm at critical areas and its was found that region where the rack arm can withstand fluctuations ranging for almost whole life till failure. Later the whole steering system was split into three major components (Steering column assembly, steering rack assembly, Tie rod assemblies) and each component is designed separately in SolidWorks and then assembled into whole one. SKF SAKAC 10 M ends are selected rod ends for steering arm assembly allowing rigid force transfer between rack arms and upright assembly as well as vertical motion of wheel assembly in operation. In the assembly 6 x M8 and 4 x M10 exist with the associated washers and nuts. The universal joint connecting the two steering column was machined according to Australian standards with splines at both ends. Two splined steering columns was machined in order to complete the steering column assembly. In order to stop the clevis colliding with the steering with the rack on full lock and to restrict the steering of the vehicle two locking collars were manufactured.

1-12

Authors: Dobrica Milovanović, Dušan Gordić, Vladimir Vukašinović, Mladen Josijević

The design of hydrodynamic torque converter impeller is a complex problem that can be solved if the whole set of individual steps is carried out, starting from input data selection to determination of the model sections of the blade. For that reason, fast as well as efficient solution of inverse flow problem can be carried out only by using numerical techniques to solve fluid flow problems. The method developed in this paper, based on free vortex design, involves the linking of meridional and blade-to-blade solutions. A basic assumption used for predicting flow in the meridional plane of the hydrodynamic transmissions impeller is an axisymmetric flow. In accordance with the Bauersfeld method, the design of the impeller blade is performed in an iterative manner using the relationships between velocity components and geometrical blade parameters. Particular attention in the paper is paid to the determination of a functional law of the energy interchange from the inlet to the outlet in the pump and turbine impeller in hydrodynamic transmissions. Finally, a design example for the pump impeller blade is presented.

31-41

Authors: Vladica Živković , Bogdan Nedić, Stefan Đurić

Independent suspension system of a vehicle allows vertical movements of a wheel, without it affecting the other wheel of the same axle, unlike the solid one. Many elements of the independent suspension systems have been made out of steel in the past, but are recently being replaced by other new materials. Achieving top quality and short cycle times of machining, along with minimising cost per piece have always been key goals for mechanical engineers for technology. Many cutting tool manufacturers make recommendations regarding the selection of machining operations and tools for a range of automotive industry components. These recommendations are presented in this paper and should be kept in mind when designing the technology.

61-71

Authors: Hristo Stanchev, Krasimir Markov

Experimental investigation of a common rail direct injection diesel engine is carried out, when working with diesel fuel in blends with 10% (B10), 15% (B15) and 20% (B20) n- butanol at different loads and speeds. The cetane number of the blends is lower than basic fuel and is corrected to these of the neat diesel fuel. The differences in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and exhaust emissions are compared with the baseline operations (when working with the neat diesel fuel). The cetane improver 2-EthylHexil Nitrate is used. Six types of fuels are investigated: B10 and B10 with cetane improver, B15 and B15 with cetane improver, B20 and B20 with cetane improver. This approach shows that the BSFC for fuel blends with corrected cetane number is closer to this with neat diesel fuel, especially at higher engine speeds. The exhaust smoke (D) for blends with corrected cetane number is lower than the neat diesel fuel and blends without cetane improver. There is no clear trend for NOx emission.