Journal of Health Research in Community

10-19

Authors: Mohamad Taghi Badeleh shamooshaki * , Nargesbeigom Mirbehbahani , Maedeh Ariakhah , Mahsa Latifizadeh , Negar Jahanshi

Introduction and purpose: The diagnosis of cancer in children is considered a crisis for the family causing some disturbances in the quality of life of parents. One of the best strategies to improve the quality of life is resilience. Resilience refers to adaptation to diseases and stressors in life. Religious beliefs also play an important role in social and psychological life and resilience. The present study was conducted to demonstrate the relationship between religious beliefs with the quality of life and resilience of mothers of children suffering from cancer. Methods: This descriptive correlational study was carried out on 123 mothers of children with cancer referring to the Cancer Ward of Taleghani hospital in Gorgan, Iran, in 2019. The data were assessed using demographic information questionnaires, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale questionnaire, Khodayariʼs religiosity questionnaire, and Weitzner’s Caregiver Quality of Life Cancer Scale questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 17), Pearson correlation coefficient, and linear regression. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that religious beliefs had a significant positive relationship with resilience; however, there was no significant difference between religious beliefs and quality of life. Conclusion: According to the obtained findings, religious beliefs are effective factors in the resilience of mothers of children suffering from cancer; therefore, it is necessary to find a way for the development of useful clinical services and appropriate counseling programs to improve the quality of life of these mothers and their children.

33-42

Authors: Zeinab Nezamodini , Behnoush Jafari * , Hanan Sari , Seyd Amin Jazayeri

Introduction and purpose: Industries face different risks and dangers depending on the type of their activity. To reduce the level of risks in the workplace, the application of standard methods of risk identification and assessment is highly beneficial. This study aimed to identify hazards and assess risks using the hazard analysis (HAZAN) method in one of the steel industries in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted with a cross-sectional qualitative design in the facilities zone of one of the steel companies in the south of Iran within 4 months in 2018. The hazard analysis risk assessment technique was used to assess the risk of occupations in units. In this study, direct observation of jobs, workerschr('39') experiences, and interviews with officials and supervisors were used to collect the required data. Risk levels were classified as unacceptable, undesirable, acceptable if controlled, and acceptable represented by ranks of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Results: According to the results of this study, 1,763 hazards were identified in the whole facilities zone with water treatment plant 1, Makeup, and water treatment plant 2 areas as the most dangerous facilities areas with 644, 410, and 395 hazards, respectively. Moreover, out of the total identified risks in the 7 investigated units in the facilities zone, 4.6, 6.5, 28.9, and 60% areas were identified in the ranks of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Conclusion: The implementation of the HAZAN method in the studied industry determined systematically what dangers existed in the steel facilities zone and which areas were involved in more risks. Furthermore, it was possible for the relevant officials and supervisors to properly prioritize the implementation of control strategies. Therefore, the HAZAN method can be well applied to increase staff awareness of existing risks and assess the available risks of the steel industry.

55-64

Authors: Gholamreza Darvishi , Daryush Yousefi Kebria , Majid Ehteshami , Mahdi Asadi-Ghalhari , Farshad Golbabaei Kootenaei *

Introduction and purpose: Nowadays, traffic-induced air pollution factors are classified as destructive to the environment. Regarding an increase in urbanization and the number of cars, transportation, and movement of passengers and citizens between cities, transportation systems should utilize mathematics scientifically and intelligent systems practically to move towards sustainable development and benefit from healthy air and transportation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of traffic parameters on air pollution of the suburban route of Sari-Qaemshahr road in Mazandaran province, Iran, regarding the atmospheric variables and ozone pollutants. Methods: This study analyzed and modeled the ozone pollutant concentrations in the suburban route of Sari-Qaemshahr road. Moreover, the factors affecting the concentration of pollutants based on traffic and climate statistics were determined in this study. Additionally, it was attempted to investigate the relationship of air pollution with traffic variables, average speed, rainfall, temperature, humidity, and wind speed. Subsequently, SPSS software (version 16) and regression method were used to present a model that will be able to estimate the concentration of ozone pollutants on suburban roads with appropriate accuracy for the coming years. Results: According to the proposed model for ozone pollutants, among the available variables, temperature, traffic volume, and wind speed had the greatest impact on ozone pollutants. Moreover, the results obtained from the validation showed the success rate of the proposed model in estimating pollution. In this study, the level of regression significance was above 95%. In addition, the 90% data contribution rate for ozone pollutants in the model has been satisfying. Conclusion: According to the results, the modeling by a regression method and SPSS software is a suitable method for estimating ozone pollutants. The proposed model can control and manage pollution emissions in road design and construction.

73-82

Authors: Yahya Ehteshaminia , Hamid Mohammadi , Behzad Javadian *

Introduction and purpose: Legionella is a Gram-negative bacterium that is present worldwide in natural and man-made water sources, such as hospital water distribution networks. This bacterium causes two types of Legionnaires and Pontiac fever. This study aimed to review the effect of biological and environmental factors on legionella growth in the water distribution networks of hospitals. Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, SID, Magiran, Web of Science, IranDoc, and google scholar were searched in this study, and the related articles were reviewed from 2001 to 2020. Results: The symbiosis of Legionella with other bacteria in the biofilm and the presence of amoebae increase the Legionella growth in the water distribution networks of hospitals. For each increase in iron and manganese concentration, the chance of Legionella presence increases 1.22 and 3.3 times, respectively. Moreover, an increase in the concentration of zinc by 1 mg/L increases the density of Legionella by 17%. Furthermore, the concentrations of zinc greater than 200 g/L and less than 100 g/L are considered inhibitory. Following that, an increase in the concentration of copper by 1 mg/L reduces the density of Legionella by 7%. The temperature for growing Legionella is from 29°C to 40°C with an optimum temperature of 35°C. Conclusion: Amoebae, biofilm structure, metal ions, temperature, and pH affect the persistence and growth of Legionella. Sufficient knowledge of these factors can be useful in future studies to better design and construct hospital water distribution networks to provide a suitable solution to control this beneficial bacterium.