Journal of Coastal Life Medicine

845-848

Authors: Md. Shahdat Hossain, Md. Rajib Sharker, Syed Ariful Haque, Md. Shaheed Reza, Md. Anwar Hossain Mondal

Objective: To assess the effects of a widely used antibiotic, oxytetracycline (OTC) on the bacterial microflora in two catfish species under artificial culture conditions in the laboratory. Methods: The experiment was conducted in the Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural Uwnheivreer sthitrye,e M ayqmuaerniasi nsegrhv-e2d2 0a2s. rTehpeli cfiasthe sw oefr eth ree aarnetdib iiont isci xt raeqatumareinat (gsirzoeu p3s7 acnmd伊 t3h0e crmem伊6a0in cinmg) tahnr eaev earqaugaer biao dsye rwveedig hast 1a5n gu. nOtTreCa wteads caodnmtrionli sgteroreudp .t oE athceh faisqhu ainri uthme wtraesa tsmtoecnkt egdr owuipths a2t5 tfhiesh r aotne ogfi v2e ng /kthge i ns-amfeee df etewdic we idthaoiluyt uapnttoi baiodt ilcibsi tfuomr ,2 0w hde. rDeausr ifnigsh t hine tehxep eurnitmreeantte,d b caocntetrroial lg lrooaudpss wweerree easntdim inatteesdt ianse coof lfoinshy .forming unit (CFU/g) by every alternate day in the aquarium water, gills, skin Results: The administration of OTC in feed resulted in gradual decrease of bacterial loads in the uginllcsh, ainngteesdt ionre salingdh tslyk iinn corfe tahsee dtw ino tchaetf icsohn tsrpoel cgireosu tpess tneodt. fIend cwointhtr aOsTt,C .t hWe abtearc tqeuriaalli tlyo apdasra rmemetaeirns asuqcuha raias dbiusts nolovte idn ocxoyngteronl, apqHu aarnidu mto ttahlr ohuagrdhnouest st hwee erex pfoeurinmde tnot able p weritihodin. suitable range in the test Conclusions: The results of this experiment showed that in-feed antibiotic OTC for a period of 20 d reduced the bacterial loads in the gills, intestines and skin of treated fish.

855-858

Authors: Yosief Ali Asadpour

Objective: To determine the fatty acid profile extracted from cuttlefish of Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, including Ancistrocheirus, Enoploteuthidae, Cranchiidae, Ommastrephidae and Loliginidae. Methods: Oil was extracted by the Bligh and Dyer method. The fatty acid profile of the oil was determined by gas chromatography. Results: The results showed that (13±5)% of wet weight of cuttlefish is oil. The results also fsahtotyw eadc itdhsa,t acnudtt ltehfeis hto otaill hvaaslu 2e9 .o4f0 %th sea tuunrsaatetud rfaattetdy amcuidltsi palned- b2a3.n7d0% i ss i4n0g.2le0-band unsaturated arachidonic acid %, the contents of and eicosapentaen2o.i7c8 %ac, ildin olenic acid 3.10%, linoleic acid 5.20%, docosahexaenoic acid 15.40%, 9.60% out of the total fatty acids of the same may be mentioned. Conclusions: The results of the current study described that cuttlefish is considered for the first time as the new and rich source of omega-3 and omega-6.

864-871

Authors: Kevser Unal, Deny Susanti, Muhammad Taher

Objective: To evaluate the polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of ethanol some organically and conventionally grown leafy vegetables. extracts of Methods: The ethanol extracts of kailan (Brassica alboglabra), bayam (Amaranthus spp.) and sawi (Brassica parachinensis) were tested for total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (uTsFiCn)g, and total anthocyanin content (TAC) and the antioxidant capacity of the extracts measured 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay. Results: In TPC test, sawi extract showed the highest phenolic content while bayam contained tohrgea lneiacsatl lpyh gernoowlnic scaownit eenxtt rafocrt bshoothw eodrg tahnei chailglhy easnt dfl acvoonnvoeindt icoonnatlelny t,g rwohwinle toyrpgeasn. iIcna lTlyF Cg rtoewstn, ckoaniltaenn te xotfr athcet schoonwveedn titohnea llelya sgt rfolwavno ntyopide sc oonf tveengte atambolen ge xatlrl atcytpse ws aosf tvheeg ehtiagbhleesst. Tinh ek afllaiavno naonidd itnhcer eleaassetd iwn itsha wthi.e Fionrc r2e,a2s-idnigp hcoenncyel-nt1r-aptiiocnr yolfh yedacrahz yelx trraadcitc. aAl lls ccaovnevnegnitniogn aaclltyi vgirtyo,w tnh ev eagcettiavbitlye extracts showed higher antioxidant activity compared to their organically grown counterparts. cEoxntrvaecnttsi oonfa lcloyn gvreonwtnio knaailllayn g arnodw no rsgaawniic sahlloyw gerdow tnh es ahwigi.h est percentage inhibition followed by There were no correlation between TPC, TcFoCrr,e TlaAtCio ann bde ItCw2e5 eonf both organically and conventionally grown vegetables. However, there was a relatively similar poTlyApCh aenndo l ICco25n otfe ncto nbveetnwteioenna ollryg agnroicwanll yv eagnedta bcloen veexntrtaiocntsa. lTlyh eg rroewsunl tvse sgheotawbelde aecxttirvaicttys .c Homowpaerveedr, ttoh teh ceo onrvgeanntiicoanlalyll yg rgorwonw ne xvteragcettsa.bles extracts generally have higher antioxidant Conclusions: These results suggested that the different types of agricultural practice had a significant contribution to the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in the vegetables.

876-881

Authors: Moussa Ahmed, Saad Aissat, Noureddine Djebli

Objective: To evaluate the influence of the temperature on honey colour, polyphenol contents and antimycotic capacity and to evaluate the correlation between these parameters. Methods: Sahara honey were heated up to 25, 50, 75 and 100 °C for 15, 30 and 60 min, and their colour intensity, polyphenol contents and antimycotic capacity. The Folin-Ciocalteu test was used to determine the total polyphenol contents (TPC). The antimycotic activity was evaluated both by agar diffusion method and micro wells dilution method against the Candida albicans (C. albicans) and Candida glabrata (C. glabrata). Results: Initial values for TPC in Sahara honey ranged from 0.55 to 1.14 mg of gallic acid per kg of honey, with the average value of 0.78 mg of gallic acid per kg of honey. The TPC values after heat-treatment were 0.54 to 1.54 with the average value of 1.49 mg. The minimal inhibitory concentrations before heat-treatment of Sahara honey against C. albicans and C. glabrata ranged from 3.06%-12.5% and 50% respectively. After heat-treatment the minimal inhibitory concentrations between 12.5% and 50% for C. albicans and C. glabrata, respectively. The diameters of inhibition zones of Sahara honey with 50% concentration varied from (12.67-15.00) mm by C. albicans to (14.33-15.67) mm by C. glabrata. The diameters of inhibition zones after heat-treatment at 25 and 50 °C for 15.30 and 60 min ranged from (2.00-18.67) mm by C. albicans to (8.00-16.67) mm by C. glabrata. Statistically significant relations between the TPC and the colour intensity of Sahara honey (r=0.99, P<0.05). Furthermore, the results showed that the TPC and colour is not correlated with the antimycotic capacity. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first report on the antimycotic capacity of Sahara honey.

888-894

Authors: Kandasamy Kathiresan, Kandasamy Saravanakumar, Pandiyan Mullai

Objective: To analyze the concentrations of 12 micro-nutrients (Al, B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in different plant parts of Avicennia marina and its rhizosphere soil of the south east coast of India. Methods: The samples were acid digested, then analyzed by using inductively coupled plasma system (ICP-Optical Emission Spectrophotometer). Results: Levels of metals were found in the decreasing order: Cd>Co>Ni>Pb>B >Cr>Zn>Mg>Mn>Cu>Fe>Al. The soil held more levels of metals than plant parts, but within the permissible limits of concentration. Bark and root accumulated higher levels of trace elements in a magnitude of 10-80 folds than other plant parts. The overall bioaccumulation factor in the sampling sites of Vellar, Pichavaram and Cuddalore was 2.88, 1.42 0.47 respectively. Essential elements accumulate high in mature mangroves forest while non-essential elements accumulate high in the industrially polluted mangroves. Conclusions: The ratio between essential and non-essential elements was found higher in young mangrove forest than that in mature mangrove forest and polluted mangrove areas. Thus, the ratio of accumulation can be used as an index of the growth and pollution status of mangroves.

899-902

Authors: Ehsan Rakhshandehroo, Hassan Sharifiyazdi, Hossein Shayegh, Amin Ahmadi

Objective: To investigate the infection with gastrointestinal helminthes in small Indian mongooses (Herpestes auropunctatus) and its epidemiologic aspects in Iran. Methods: During June 2012 to July 2013, a total of 13 small Indian mongooses were caught using live trap boxes in an area located near Shiraz, southern of Iran. Captured animals were euthanized, eviscerated and parts of the alimentary tract were inspected. Two mongooses showed a nematode attached to the mucosa of the stomach. Results: According to the main morphological characteristics, the specimens belonged to the genus Spirura (Blanchard 1849). This study represents the first evidences of the infection with Spirura sp. in Herpestes auropunctatus in the world. Conclusions: Because the animal can invade and appear in the habitat of the other animal populations including omnivores or carnivores, it seems that mongooses in this area could have a high potential for the transmission of the infection with the spirurid nematodes to a large range of animals. Thus, besides the necessity of conducting the controlling programs, autochthonous dogs, cats and rodents should be included in more epidemiological studies in this region.

907-914

Authors: Magdy Ibrahim Mohamed, Enas Abd El-Moneim Mohamed Radwan Afify, Mary Kamal Gad Mekhael

Objective: To formulate and evaluate anti-asthmatic drug montelukast in mucoadhesive buccal patches. Methods: Buccal patches were formulated by using different hydrophilic polymers by solvent casting technique. Buccal patches were evaluated by seven physical appearances, in addition to in vitro drug release study. Results: All patches were uniform and translucent, and had smooth surface. In vitro release studies were conducted for montelukast buccal patches proved that release in the range of 75.26%-92.30% in 8 h. Emission of montelukast from all patches simulated zero order and diffusion mechanism. Finally it can be concluded that F3, F15 and F16 are the best formulation. Conclusions: The investigation concluded that patch of 5 mg of montelukast sodium were formulated by using sodium alginate with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K100M with sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose K100M with sodium alginate (F3, F15 and F16 formulations) were the best formulations.

918-924

Authors: Dhananjaya Seturaman Prabha, Hans-Uwe Dahms, Prabha Malliga

The shrub Prosopsis juliflora (Sw.) DC. revealed several medicinal properties due to its different chemical compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and phenolic compounds distributed in different parts of the plant body, such as woody parts (roots, stem, branches and bark) as well as leaves and pollen have been used for the extraction of medically active substances. Prosopsis juliflora containing a diverse group of secondary metabolites has unique and multifactorial medicinal properties. The utilization of this abundant resource provides a viable option for producing bioactive natural products that may serve as lead substances for the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. This review highlights accessible bioactive sources from this plant that are of potential interest for industrial applications.