The Pharmaceutical and Chemical Journal

1-10

Authors: Abdel Karim, M., Mawahib, A., Salah, H.

Eucalyptus oil has been used traditionally for bronchitis and asthma. The oil which is plentiful in leaves has also been used against diabetes, cystitis, malaria, kidney disorders, leucorrhoea and laryngitis. The anticancer activity of this oil has been studied in vivo. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 42 components. Major constituents are: eucalyptol (21.24%), decahydro-1,1,7-trimethyl-4-methylene - 1H-cycloprop[e]azulen-7-ol (12.59 %) , p-cymene (12.11 %), decahydro-1,1,4,7-tetramethyl-1H-cycloprop[e]azulen-4-ol (11.64 %) and β-phellandrene (8.59%). The oil was evaluated for antibacterial activity via the agar diffusion bioassay against: Gram positive: Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative: Escherichia coli using ampicillin and gentamicin as positive controls. At a concentration of 100mg/ml the oil showed moderate activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

17-19

Authors: L. Kh. Sharipova, M. S. Orzieva, R.A. Amonov, F. R. Juraeva

The article reveals the cardiovascular system in healthy and visually impaired children. The main types of adaptation are analyzed.

25-38

Authors: Omyma K. Radwan, Salwa K. El-Nabarawy,Rasha A. El-Sayed.,Suzan F. El-Sisi, Fatma F. Abd El-Salam

The liver is one of the most important organs in the body, performing a fundamental role in the regulation of diverse processes, among which the metabolism, secretion, storage, and detoxification of endogenous and exogenous substances are prominent. Due to these functions, hepatic diseases continue to be among the main threats to public health. Glucocorticoids are among the most utilized medications around the world, dexamethasone (DEX) is one of the most potent synthetic glucocorticoid that associated with several side effects especially on the liver. Many natural products and plant extracts become a new trend in the traditional and complementary medicines. Bee Venom (BV) and Echinacea Purpurea (EP) were used for their chemo-protective and immunomodulatory activities. Aims and Objectives: To study the protective effect of BV and EP and their combination on the liver status and liver cell energy against DEX treatment in adult female albino rats. Method: For performing the present work fifty-six adult female albino (150 ± 20 gm) were randomly divided into 7 groups (n=8). G1: control group; G2: treated with DEX (5mg i.p /kg BW/day) for three days; G3: orally treated with BV (150 µg/kg BW/day) for 28 days; G4: orally treated with EP (30 mg /kg B.W/day) for 28 days; G5: treated with both DEX+BV; G6: treated with both DEX+EP; G7: treated with DEX+BV+EP, all with the same aforementioned doses and durations. Liver injury was assessed biochemically and histologically. Results: Administration of DEX (5mg i.p /kg BW/day) for three days resulted in elevated liver enzymes, protein synthesis and reduction in liver cell energy. On the other hand oral administration of BVfor 28 days (150 µg/kg B.W/day) and EP (30 mg /kg B.W/day) for 28 days with DEX resulted in a great normalization in the levels of liver’s protein and significantly decreased ALT and AST serum levels as compared to DEX group. In addition, both BV and EP resulted in ameliorated effect on liver cell energy by increasing their levels in comparing with DEX group. Conclusion: The current findings suggested that both BV and EP or their combination, may exert beneficial protective effects against the negative deteriorative influences during DEX treatment through ameliorating liver status and liver cell energy prominence. In conclusion, treatment with DEX resulted in mild liver injuriousness, whose certain manifestations were alleviated on co-treatment with BV and EP biochemically and histologically. Based on these results, patients should be monitored periodically liver functions during DEX therapy.

44-46

Authors: L. Kh. Sharipova, G. G., Yuldasheva, M. S. Orzieva, F. R. Juraeva

The article reveals the influence of biological, social and hygienic factors on the formation of visual pathology in children.

53-55

Authors: Z. A. Akhmedova, Kh. P. Kenjaeva

The article reveals the importance of Ibn Sina's medical heritage. The main aspects of the revival of methods of Oriental medicine are analyzed

62-70

Authors: Loveth N. Emembolu, Dominic O. Onukwuli

Newbouldia leavis (NL) and Pepper fruit (PF) leaf extracts were investigated for their ability to impede corrosion of zinc in 0.5 M HCl by gravimetric and thermometric techniques. The results obtained showed that different concentrations of the (NL and PF) extracts hinder the corrosion of zinc in 0.5 M HCl. Inhibition efficiency of each extract varies with concentration, time of immersion and temperature. The values of activated energies were higher in the suppressed corrosion reaction of zinc than the values calculated for the blank. The thermodynamic study shows that the NL and PF leaf extracts adsorbed on the surface of zinc was spontaneous and follows Frumkin adsorption isotherm. Physical adsorption mechanism has been proposed for adsorption of these inhibitors on the surface of zinc metal.

81-83

Authors: O. I. Jabbarova

Cellular and humoral immunity on antigene Hyal is studied at mice-hybrids. Hyal possessed low immunogenic properties.Use DS,PO as immunoadjuvant towards Hyal raised it immunogenic the activity expressed in strengthening humoral of the immune response on Hyal at mice.DS also was capable to activate specific cellular reactions DTH on Hyal.

91-102

Authors: Hülya Akgün, Betül Kaya, Yusuf Mulazim, Banu Kesanli, Hande Sipahi, Beril Kadıoğlu, Barkın Berk, Sevde Nur Biltekin

In this study, ten substituted N - ([1,3-dioxoindolin-2-yl] phenyl] sulfonyl) structures (compound 1-10), which seven of them were original synthesized using conventional and microwave synthesis methods. In the first method the cis-1,2-cyclohexanecarboxylic anhydride and sulfa derivatives reacted under reflux for 2-3 hours in acetic acid. In the second method the cis-1,2-cyclohexanecarboxylic anhydride and sulfa derivatives were dissolved in DMF and radiated by microwave. Structure elucidation of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by UV, IR 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR with mass spectral methods and elemental analysis method. Anticancer activities of the compounds were studied by MTT assay. Synthesized compounds generally showed moderate or no cytotoxic activity against MCF7 (human breast cancer cell line). Among them, N-([1,3-Dioxoindolin-2-yl)phenyl]sulfonyl)6-amino-4,5-dimethoxypyrimidine (7), N-([1,3-Dioxoindolin-2-yl)phenyl]sulfonyl)-2-aminothiazole (3) and N-([1,3-Dioxoindolin-2-yl)phenyl]sulfonyl)aminopyrimidine (10) presented activity against MCF7 cancer cell lines with IC50 values of 71.5  3.01μM, 87.9  2.34and 89.3  2.05 μM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity of the compounds were tested against LPS-induced nitrite production in RAW 264.7cell line. The compounds4-(1,3-dioxohexahydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N-(5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl) benzenesulfonamide(1), 4-(1,3-dioxohexahydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)-N-(6-methoxypyridazin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide (4) and 4-(1,3-Dioxohexahydro-2H-isoindol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (9) showed nitrite production inhibitory activity 24.43 ± 3.16, 9.73 ± 1.04, and 6.44 ± 2.48 µM, respectively. Compound 4 exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity by suppressing the NO production. These compounds might be candidate to inflammatory therapy for further development.

112-122

Authors: Mohammad T. Hossain, Md. Asadujjaman, Md. Imran N. Manik, Md A. Matin, Reefat Z. Chowdhury, Md H. Rashid

Bioactive alkaloids, glycosides and saponins are phytoconstituents and belong to the secondary metabolites of plants kingdom. These constituents possesses many pharmacological properties such as antioxidant activity, antimicrobial effect, modulation of detoxification of enzymes and hormone metabolism, stimulation of the immune system, decrease of platelet aggregation procedure, possess antidiabetic, antihypertensive, antidepressants, analgesics and anticancer etc. properties. Now a days these compounds have received great attention worldwide as the sources of novel agents, important pharmaceutical intermediates and significant starting materials for a lot of synthetics or semi synthetics drugs due to potent pharmacological activities, higher safety profile, low toxicity and cost effectiveness. So the current study is designed to focus on the accumulation of sufficient information’s about the above mentioned phytoconstituents regarding their pharmacological effects and mechanisms of action along with other significant properties.

128-130

Authors: N. N. Kazakova

The article reveals the presence of the features of the child's body according to the medical heritage of Ibn Sina. The features of women's milk in the “Canon of medical science” Abu Ali Ibn Sina”are analyzed.