INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL SCIENCES

6-19

Authors: LOKENDRA SINGH THAKUR, MUKESH PARMAR

Industrial waste constitutes the major source of various kinds of metal pollution in natural water. There are at least 20 metals which cannot be degraded or destroyed. The important toxic metals are Cu, Ni and Zn. There are numerous methods currently employed to remove and recover the metals from our environment and many physicochemical methods have been proposed for their removal from wastewater. Adsorption is one of the alternatives for such cases and is an effective purification and separation technique used in industry especially in water and wastewater treatments. Cost is an important parameter for comparing the adsorbent materials. Therefore, there is increasing research interest in using alternative low-cost adsorbents. The use of tea waste as the low-cost adsorbents was investigated as a replacement for current costly methods of removing heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. The experiment results showed that maximum removal of Nickel ion by tea waste is 94% and for Copper & Zinc ion are 89% & 90% respectively at optimum condition.

28-40

Authors: PRAVIN NAKOD

Environmental drivers like carbon capture and other emission controls are creating a great opportunity for growth and adoption of clean coal technologies. Gasification is one of the more established and matured clean coal technologies and numerical simulations are playing crucial role in its development. Different models and approaches have been proposed and discussed in the literature. In the present work, a step by step approach is proposed to evaluate the fractions of different species as a result of volatile break-up during gasification. The volatile component of a given solid fuel like coal or biomass consists of Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulfur. Mass of these elements in the evaluated species is balanced with their individual masses in the original solid fuel composition. CFD simulations for ConocoPhillips' EGas technology based gasifier and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) research scale two stage air blown gasifierare performed including volatile break-up evaluated using current approach in ANSYS FLUENT 14.5. The reaction rates are computed using the Finite rate/Eddy dissipation reaction model. The Discrete Ordinates radiation model with Weighted Sum of Gray Gas Model (WSGGM) for gas absorption coefficient along with particle radiation interaction is employed in these simulations. The predicted syngas composition and exit temperature are compared with the experimental results. The simulation predictions are within 10% of accuracy compared to the experimental measurements

24-30

Authors: Prof. V. C. Renge, Alok K. Meshram, Pavan K. Badukale

There are economic and environmental benefits when we recover solvent for reuse, especially when expensive solvents and large volumes are involved. An industry has been recovering solvents for many decades at facilities. Solvent recovery is a routine practice in the pharmaceutical industry when it is technically and economically viable for the particular waste stream. Various waste streams being generated at an API (Active pharmaceutical ingredient) synthesis plant. The goal is to investigate those streams that could not be most easily recovered with traditional separation and purification processes. As a first step in that analysis, the recovery of toluene & methanol solvent from a waste stream in the synthesis was considered. Here it is very difficult to separate this complex mixture, so that for separation of this complex mixture azeotropic distillation method is to establish by using the water and an entrainer.

10-15

Authors: SHELKE R.E.

The present study reports the effect of compression ratio on the performance and exhaust emissions of variable compression diesel engine using soyabean oil and it's methyl ester.Results show that brake specific fuel consumption , exhaust gas temperature and smoke density are increased but brake thermal efficiency is decreased both in Soyabean - diesel oil blend and esterified Soyabean oil compared to 100 % diesel operation at two different compression ratios.Engine used for the present work is 5 H.P. ,1500 rpm single cylinder diesel engine of compression ratio 16.

12-22

Authors: YADAV P.J., MESHRAM N.D., JOSHI C.P.1, MOHARIL S.V.

In Y2O3–Al2O3 system, compounds Y3Al5O12 (yttrium aluminum garnet-YAG), YAP (yttrium aluminum perovskite-YAlO3,) and Y4Al2O9 (yttrium aluminate monoclinic- YAM,) are well known. YAG and YAP are of considerable technological importance. The conventional solid-state reaction techniques require high sintering temperatures (above 1800°C) to prepare phase pure compounds. Though several soft chemical routes have been explored for synthesis of YAG, YAP and YAM, most of these methods are complex. Moreover, phase pure materials are not obtained in one step, but prolonged annealing at temperatures around 1000 C is necessary. One step combustion synthesis of these compounds is reported in this paper using a modified procedure and employing mixed (glycine + urea) fuel. Phosphors based on Eu3+ activation were also prepared which exhibited characteristic photoluminescence. The emission spectrum of Eu3+ doped YAG phosphor is dominated by orange emission due to 5D0-7F1 transition with inversion symmetry. However, the emission spectrum of Eu3+ doped YAP phosphor is dominated by red emission due to 5D0-7F2 transition without inversion symmetry. The PL spectrum of Eu3+ doped YAM phosphor consists of similar emission intensities for both 5D0-7F1 (590 nm) and 5D0-7F2 (607 nm) transitions.

19-25

Authors: JADHAV P.G., DR. VAIDYA N.G., DETHE S.B,

Sugar industry is one of the most important agro based industry segment in India. Cane Sugar Industry being an important role in the Indian economy as well as in the foreign exchange earnings and also plays a very vital part in polluting the environment with its waste discharge. With expansion of Sugar plants, pollution due to inadequate and it becomes threat for environment .In this study four Sugar Industries were selected for the analysis of the composition of their effluents, which are the primary source of water pollution. The results of the study showed that the effluents in general exceed the limits specified in CPCB with reference to parameters a such as BOD, COD , Oil and greases , total suspended solids. The effluent level found through the analysis can be reduced if suggested recommended measures are worked upon.