SCHOLARLY RESEARCH JOURNAL FOR HUMANITY SCIENCE & ENGLISH LANGUAGE

2408-2415

Authors: NEERAJ AGRAWAL

This paper derives, production inventory model for exponential dependent demand and cost reduction delivery policy. Production rate is proportional to demand rate. Mathematical model is presented to find optimal order quantity and total cost. Numerical example is provided to validate the optimal solution. Sensitivity analysis is carried out to distinguish the change in the optimal solution with respect to the variation of one parameter at a time. Mathematica software is used to find the numerical results. Keywords: Production, inventory; optimality; exponential demand rate

2425-2431

Authors: B.P. Singh,

The purpose of this study was to examine the educational opportunities of Schedule Castes, Backward Classes and general category students on level of adjustment. Present investigation consists of 300 B.Ed./M.Ed. students including boys and girls of each category as per admission policy of M.D. University, Rohtak. This study reveals that there is significant difference between reserved category and general category college students on level of adjustment. Sc students are the least adjustable. Keywords: Opportunity, Reserved, Adjustment, General, College students

2446-2455

Authors: Minakshi Biswal

The society demands child and activity centered methods. This paper throws light on one of the learner centered methods i.e. experiential learning. Key Words: Kolb’s Cycle, Learning, Experiential, Conceptualization,

2462-2479

Authors: Fredrick OkeyoOgilo

This study sought to establish the determinants of bear market performance by taking a survey of investors at the Nairobi Securities Exchange. Convenient sampling technique was used to administer questionnaires to respondents. Data was analyzed by the use of descriptive statistics and correlation analysis was carried out to determine the relationship between the variables. A logit regression model was employed to analyze the independent variables and their effect on bear market performance. The Pearson Moment correlation analysis showed that bear market performance was weakly associated with transaction costs and financial literacy while the relationship between bear market performance and mobilization of resources by retail investors as well as cultural values was largely insignificant. The study recommends that further research should be carried out on the economic cycle and its influence on bear market performance. Key Words: Bear Market, Transaction cost; Mobilization of resources; Retail Investors; Cultural values

2499-2507

Authors: SHAIKH KASHEFA ANJUM

The Objective of the Current study is to study the effect of concept attainment model and traditional method of teaching geometry on the geometric concept achievement of rural and urban students of Aurangabad district. Mathematics is the core subject in high school curriculum and geometry is the core of mathematics. Because of the abstract and conceptual nature of geometry it requires special method of teaching. It has been felt that in spite of strenuous efforts of mathematics teacher, students fail to grasp the certain concepts of the subject which lead disinterest among students towards mathematics in general and geometry in particular. Experimental research method was used for present study. Tool used for the research self prepared geometric concept lesson transcripts of geometry and lesson plans of traditional method and for post test standardized ‘Geometric concept test’ by S.C. Gakhar. The present study reveals that there is a significant difference between concept attainment model (CAM) and traditional method on the achievement of students in understanding of geometric concepts. Of these methods concept attainment model is more effective than traditional method. And students significantly differ in their concept achievement interestingly there is no significant difference in rural and urban students when taught by traditional method. Key words: Concept Attainment Model, Geometry, Traditional Method.

2514-2523

Authors: Imrozpreet Singh

The housing status of slums in Kotkapura is very poor. They have not proper shelter for them. They live near the railway tracks and road banks in kaccha and semi kaccha houses. They are not able to fulfill their basic needs like food, cloths etc. The study emphasis about the sanitation conditions of slum clusters, the unhygienity prevail due to open urination and excretion. They have not able to access the basic household amenities. Keywords: Housing, Household Amenities, Slums, Kotkapura

2532-2539

Authors: LILAWATI & BILOSH DEVI

in hindi.

2545-2554

Authors: Mrs. Rafia Naz

Marketing is one of the driving forces for our economy of the country and the world. Like every other field the field of marketing is also undergoing rapid changes with the advent of the competition and the technology. One such emerging trend now in the field of marketing is Online Marketing which has a prominent share in driving the consumers and the economy to the new heights. Day by Day more customers are getting attracted to online shopping and many companies are emerging in the business scenario based on online marketing. The companies which can ultimately remain in the close confidence and win the customers hearts, tastes and preferences are only going to remain in the competition for very long time. In this scenario this conceptual paper ultimately tries to study the consumer behavior of the customers who are well versed in online shopping with all the related aspects. Key Words: Online, Websites, Click, emerging, scenario

2564-2568

Authors: SUNIL KALEKAR

Classical Test theory provides easy approach for assessing students’ achievement but it takes in to account the overall performance of the student in a given test. It ignores the ability of student to attempt individual test items. We know that all test items are not of the same difficulty level. Item Response Theory (ITR) helps us to assess students’ performance in more methodical way. One can analyze an individual students performance using ITR as well as one can compare performances of individual students belonging to a group. Based on parameters ITR models are proposed. The present paper tries to explain some basic concepts related to ITR. Much more explanation and understanding of this concept is needed before it can be implemented in present education system. ITR may not be the ultimate solution for making assessment full proof and accurate but it can definitely provide sound basis for more scientific and systematic approach for assessing students’ proficiency. Key terms: Classical Test Theory (CTT), Item response Theory, models of IRT – 1PL, 2Pl, 3 PL, Features of ITR

2574-2578

Authors: Shobha Jadhav

The present paper throws light on the concept of social intelligence. Now a day’s new concept of intelligence has been emerged. It is called multiple intelligence. According to Karl Albrecht’s simplified interpretation, we can think of human beings as having six primary dimensions of intelligence- Abstract, Social, Practical, Emotional, Aesthetic, Kinesthetic. Social intelligence is important for teachers as they have to interact with students , parents etc. They require high level of social intelligence. The present paper focuses on the concept of SI and how this SI of teacher trainees can be enhanced. Key words- Social Intelligence, Dimensions, Enhancement, Activities

2601-2607

Authors: ZHIWEI CHEN

Although the functions and effectiveness of lifelong learning, lifelong education and learning society have been paid great attention to by the society and people nowadays, there are always confusions of them in elaboration of them in different occasion. There are lots of differences among them and it is necessary to make these differences clear with comparing each pair separately and comparing them generally. Keywords: lifelong learning; lifelong education; learning society

2615-2619

Authors: YOGESH PATIL & SUNIL KALEKAR

CIPP model is a popular model for curriculum evaluation given by Stufflebeam. C- Context, IInput, P- Process and P- Product. The authors believe that the model can be effectively applied for school evaluation. Context refers to the background, History, goals and objectives of the school. Inputs refer to material and human resources needed for effective functioning of the school. Process refers to implementation of different school practices. Product refers to the quality of students learning and its usefulness for the individual and for society. The paper focuses on some practical aspects which can be considered while evaluating schools with respect to elements of CIPP model. The paper explains use of this model formative and summative evaluation as well. This model can indeed be extended further and could be called Decision/ Accountability oriented evaluation.

2627-2632

Authors: RAUT SUNIL RAOSAHEB

The present Research paper is aimed to bring out the comparative Study between the two Poets: Emerson and Marathi poet Narayan Surave. These tow poets represent two distinct cultures. While Narayan Surve stands for the oriental culture. They have composed a lot of poems. Strikingly both the poets composed poem on Brahama, the revitalizing essence the governing force of this universe. In this paper endeavor has been made to compare the thought expressed in both the poems and also point out contrasting element in these poems

2077-2085

Authors: DR. PRAVAT KUMAR DHAL

It is obvious that in the world scenario the teacher education had varied beginnings as to their thinking and imagination. Its development has been promoted according to their sociocultural and political set ups. Teacher education in every country is neglected due to ignorance. There are several pitfalls in this field. In spite of all these, it is true that teacher education in India is progressing as compare to other countries in the world. But it is said that “If we educate a boy, we educate one individual, if we educate one girl, we educate the whole family and if we educate one teacher, we educate the whole community.’’ It is said that, teacher is a ‘friend, philosopher and guide’ or ‘facilitator and manager’. If we introspect ourselves some questions raise: Does the teacher education institution provide this opportunity? Do we want really some changes in teacher education? Are we happy with present conditions of teacher education? Do we think about it? If yes, then how much time we think! Do we take accountability in our work? Do we have sincerity? Is there any synchronization of our words and deeds? Is there any hidden agenda? Do we look transparency in work? Do we love our profession? Are we open to every situation? Do we have excellence in our life? Do we have a good work culture? Do we have a positive attitude? Do we enjoy our profession? Certainly, the answer is No. Then, how do we want Excellency in teacher education! Opening more teacher education institutions for the sake of accessibility only will not sufficient. Along with this development of quality administration, quality management, quality curriculum, quality faculty, quality environment etc. are needed. What education should try to provide is Abstract SRJSEL/BIMONTHLY/ Pravat Kumar Dhal (2077-2085) FEB - MAR, 2015, VOL. II/VIII www.srjis.com Page 2079 not so much finished skills valid for a life-time (there are no such skills any more),but the energy of body, alacrity of mind, and especially the deeper poise of spirit that will develop the relevant skills as and when required.:

2097-2107

Authors: MANASHEE GOGOI & DEVAJYOTI GOGOI

NO.

2108-2115

Authors: PIYALI MISHRA & PROVASH DAS

The Word 'Sport' comes from the old French word called Desport which means "Leisure", but this word has changed its connotation with the passing time. Now sports are no longer believed to be practiced only in leisure time. Today they are one of the major parameters to judge a country's development and growth and are fast becoming great career options for the future generations. The purpose of the study is to observe the Difference in Hand - Eye Co-Ordination, Accuracy, Agility Hand Explosive Strength, and Leg Explosive Strength between Female Basketball Players & Volleyball Players. A total of Twenty Two (22) Female subjects were selected for this study. Out of them 11 were from Basketball, 11 were from Volleyball. The ages of the subjects were 13-19 years old. Selected Fitness Components of the subjects were the criterion measure for the present study. Selected Fitness Components were: This included- leg Explosive Strength, Hand Explosive Strength, Hand Eye Coordination, Agility and Accuracy. The leg Explosive Strength was measured by Vertical jump. Hand Explosive Strength was measured by putting the Shot. Hand Eye Coordination was measured by Rebound Ball Test. Accuracy was measured by Accuracy test. Agility was measured by (4x10 mts.) Shuttle Run. In respect of Accuracy, Agility, Hand Explosive Strength, leg Explosive Strength, there were no significant difference Between Female Basketball and Volleyball Group. In respect of Hand – Eye coordination Female group of Basketball players were better than the volleyball players of Female group

2134-2139

Authors: DR. TUKARAM DAUD

IN HINDI

2146-2154

Authors: DR. SANDHYA GIHAR & Aruna sharma

All dimensions of environment play important role to provide experiences necessary to generate personality traits, adjustment and varied levels of aspirations including educational aspiration. The educational policies, and various scholastic and co - scholastic activities are performed as accordance with norms and guidelines prescribed by various educational boards both established by central Government such as Central Board of Secondary Educatio n, Delhi and state Governments such as Board of High School and Intermediate Education Uttar Pradesh Allahabad. There are vast differences in practices conducted in the secondary schools affiliated to both scholastic and co - scholastic areas between Centra l Board of Secondary Education, Delhi and state Governments such as Board of High School and Intermediate Education Uttar Pradesh Allahabad. Present study may be implicated to find correlation between personality traits, adjustment and educational aspirati on and therefore create suitable environment at secondary level for appropriate personality development, adjustment and enhancement of aspiration levels to ensure quality education and holistic development of secondary students

2657-2670

Authors: Vijay Kumar

This study examines how gender and different college environm ents influence the job Satisfaction and Organizational Climate perceived by teacher educators. Job satisfaction scale (JSS) by Singh and Sharma & Organizational climate Scale (OCS) Pethe, Chaudhari and Dhar were given to 200 teacher educators working in ai ded and unaided colleges of education. From the results, it can be interpreted gender does not make any influence on the job satisfaction of teacher educators and in the perception of organizational climate. Secondly, the college type does not make any inf luence on the job satisfaction of teacher educators. Thirdly, teacher educators working in unaided colleges of education are having better relationships and they are more humane to each other and students as compared to their counterparts working in aided colleges. Fourthly , t he interaction between gender and college type together also do not make any influence on the perception of teacher educators about job satisfaction and organizational climate. Th e study implied for efforts for conducive relationships and humane environment in the aided institutions so that better environment can be created for teaching learning situations to flourish

2680-2686

Authors: Mr. Ajay Kumar

AIMS: To investigate the effects of Yoga on improving low back stability (threshold of stability, and mean tot al velocity of center of pressure), trunk strength (isometric strength in extension and flexion), and back endurance (isometric endurance in extension, flexion, and side laterals). Key Words: LBP (Low Back Pain) , CAM (Complementary Alternative Medicine) , TOS ( Threshold of Stability)

2692-2706

Authors: Sandhya Gihar & Kajal Sharma

Over many centuries, the issue of environmental preservation has been on the top of the agenda of global and international concerns as one of the most important issues at both the nat ional and international levels. As we look around at the area in which we live, we see that our surroundings were originally a natural landscape such as a forest, a river, a mountain, a desert, or a combination of these elements. Most of us live in landsca pes that have been heavily modified by human beings, in villages, towns or cities. But even those of us who live in cities get our food supply from surrounding villages and these in turn are dependent on natural landscapes such as forests, grasslands, rive rs, seashores, for resources such as water for agriculture, fuel, wood and fish. Thus our daily lives are linked with our surroundings and inevitably affects them. Because of this problem all living and Non – living things are affected and demolished day – by – day. So, it is the need of present scenario to create knowledge and Awareness about the e nvironment. As we know that childhood stage is the base of a human person. If our early stage is safe and perfect then our future will also automatically safe an d perfect. We never forget the things which we learn in our childhood stage. In this study investigators have made an attempt to study the knowledge and awareness about the Environment of Primary level students and also find out the effect of videos on the knowledge and awareness of students. The Environmental Knowledge and Awareness Scale (EKAS) was administered on 120 primary school students. Results indicate that videos play a significant role to enhance the environmental knowledge and awareness of prima ry school students

2713-2718

Authors: Girija N Srinivasalu

Quality concern in school education is one of the major priorities, if quality education is the goal, it can not be achieved without the sincere efforts of teachers. There is sea change in the mode of teacher Education process. The vibrant reorientation is taking place in the area of curriculum construction, pedagogy and evaluation processes of teacher education. To meet the need of the hour, the required competencies have to be essentially developed amongst student teachers so that they face the real challenges in teaching learning process. These competencies have to be based on practical experiences of self orga nization, communicable techniques and thinking systematically with appropriate skills to perform with high degree of interest for teaching. A fresh thinking has to start in the process of evaluation system at teacher education level. Continuous comprehensi ve evaluation system has become useful in this process in testing the qualitative aspects of affective and psychomotor learning amongst student teachers. Using innovative ideas and techniques in testing the behavioral aspects of the teachers is the need of the hour. Under this, the rubrics have become handy. Learning to construct Rubrics for CCE in the changing trends of Teacher Education attracted the researcher to concentrate. 40 students were chosen from methods of teaching social sciences, they were divi ded into two groups one was considered as control group and another was experimental group. Post test design was selected for the calculations. The students of experimental group were made to prepare rubric with specific criteria for the assessment based o n the objectives for the study. Key words : Teacher Education, Continuous Comprehensive Evaluation and Rubrics

2733-2749

Authors: Ravi .S.Ahuja & Ravindra K. Nalawade

Human development an integral part of economic development is fastly catching of various stakeholders around the world. It is also about people’s active engagement in shapin g development, equity and sustainability, intrinsic aspects of freedom of people have to lead lives they have reason to value. Human development index is a tool devised by United Nations for ranking countries for measuring levels of social and economic dev elopment measuring life expectancy, education , literacy and standard of living. This paper attempts to explore the HDI score for one of most economically progressive state in India, Maharashtra. Key Words: Human development in Maharashtra, HDI, Economic D evelopment

2760-2779

Authors: Sumana Mukerjee

Manuals or Textbooks are a key component in most langu age programs. In some cases , they serve as the basis for much of the language input learners receive and the language practice that occurs in the class room. They often provide the foundation for the content of the lessons, the balance of skills taught and the kinds of language practice the students take part in. In other situations, the textbook m ay serve primarily to aid the teacher in carrying out classroom instructio n . For learners, the manual may be provided by the teach er. In the case of teachers with little or no experience, textbooks may also serve as a form of teache r training - they provide guidance and suggestions on how to plan and teach lessons as well as str ategies that the teachers can use . As an educator, we are philosophically com mitted to student diversity. We need to appreciate the fact that learning differenc es are natural and positive. The focus can be on identifying individual students' interests and strengths. But making inclusive education work requires a solid support system and also effective strategies with special emphasis on the quality of manuals used. In the Indian context, middle school language classrooms make use of specific recommended man uals which serves the needs of all students irrespective of their interests, learning abilities, and preferences. In this paper, the study highlights the role of manuals and inclusive education in French Pedagogy. Are the manuals used in French language te aching differentiated well enough to meet the needs of diverse student levels and interests? Do the Abstract SRJIS/BIMO NTHLY/ SUMANA MUKERJEE exercises or activities designed at the end of the lessons cater to different learner profiles particularly to suit the needs of students with special need s? Are the recommended manuals sufficient to match the learning needs of students or should more reference manuals be included? Also, talking about the formative and summative assessments, can more emphasis be laid on differentiated exercises on oral and w ritten comprehension rather than standard written tests based on grammar skills ? In this paper, we will consider the role of the textbook in terms of its normal day - to - day use in teaching and learning French , and then consider its role in the process of di fferentiation. We will also discuss the implications of a more detailed and positive view of the role of the textbook, stressing upon in particular, the textbook content creation and differentiation keeping in mind different learner needs and inclusive ed ucation

2880-2893

Authors: Mr. Vijay M. Gawas

T his paper attempts to highlight the lack of tribal development as well as legal attention through governance in the state of Goa. In re sponse to this, is it developed in a conceptual model of i nclusive framework for which the methodology of research adopted is of observation for its assessment? During the course of survey done by visiting 50 households in Tiswadi - Taluka of North Goa D istrict, which has been observed through various problems face by tribal people, is analyzed . This indicates that around 60% of the tribal populations statues of socio - econo mical condition i s very weak , which expresses the degree of low social - economic de velopment. This paper also takes into account the constitutional Rights of Scheduled Tribe which i s a major factor in the state. The main objective is to find out accessibility of social justice to Scheduled tribe and to study the concluding effect. Beside s this it also attempts to find out state s initiative to prepared necessary welfare policy programmes through the enactments related to tribal people. In this research the secondary data from books, articles, journal, newspaper etc. have been used. This p aper is prepared with the help of data which is collected from Directorate of tribal welfare, Government of Goa . Keywords : Customary Law , Movement, Inclusive Framework , Legislative.

2904-2909

Authors: Ms. Alisha Manuel

On the surface level the two stories seem like chalk and cheese, not worth comparing; what could one Zulu man’s quest for his son in Johannesburg and one American family’s quest for survival in California have in common? However, if one looks closely, one will identify certain common themes which shouldn’t go unnoticed, especially if one sees the two novels in light of Paton’s remark: “I read for the first time John Steinbeck’s Grapes of Wrath and would soon adopt his style of rendering conversations, indicating by a preliminary dash that a speech was about to begin, and omitting all inverted commas. The novel made a deep impression on me…” (Towards the Mountain, Part I of his two-part autobiography, 1980). Through a comparison of the thematic and technical similarities in the two works, I hope to prove that there are no cultural boundaries, no cultural specifics, to what follows from people’s reactions to their dire economic circumstances. Indeed, tragedy and death/ suffering are the only inevitabilities of improvisation in a scene of (economic) constraint

2916-2928

Authors: Khan Tanveer Habee

Today, we all are a part of globalizin g era which is characterized by excel lence, competitions, quality etc. along with stress, strain on human beings. Stress is an inseparable part of human life. To fulfill so cial, environmental, economic needs one has to face stress, strain and anxiety. Particularly adolescents are marked by st ressful events and psychological challenges. The present study is an attempt to find out whether there exist any correlation between Emotional intelligence and stress management .A sample of 200 science students studying at higher secondary levelwas select ed through random sampling technique. The correlation(r) was calculated using Pearson’s correlation method and the fin dings revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between Emotional intelligence and Stress management . Keywords: Emotional I ntelligence, Stress Management, Adolescent students.

2939-2947

Authors: Pooja Arora

n the present investigation an attempt has been made to re veal the contribution of teacher variables in the attainment of concepts in trigonometry among students. The sample of study consisted of 500 students (250 boys and 250 girls) of tenth class drawn from government and private schools of Amritsar district. T he results of the study revealed that both qualification of teacher and commitment of teacher were positively related to student outcomes in trigonometry. Multivariate regression analysis was used to study the contribution of variables of teaching learning environment as related to the teacher in the prediction of criterion variable.

2 165 - 2169

Authors: Sudesh Sharma

Language is a method of communicating ideas, emotions and desires by means of a system of arbitrarily produc ed symbols for physiological as well as psychological survival. In a multilingual Indian Society, where English acts as a second language, our aim of teaching English is not to develop British or American accent but to help the learners to overcome regiona l accents, wrong pronunciation and gradually train them in proper articulation. The aim of this article is to discuss the mother tongue influence in the process of English Language learning and how a teacher can help to overcome some of the problem encount ered by an Indian learner of English as well as to improve his/her communicative competence

2 210 - 2218

Authors: Divya S

For feminists, the kitchen is a symbol of the world of tradi tionally marginalized woman. It is a space that associated with repetitive work, lacking any "real" creativity, and having no possibility for the fulfilment of women's existential needs, individualization or self - expression. Latin American women writer Lau ra Esquivel through her debut novel Like Water for Chocolate: A Novel in Monthly Installments with Recipes, Romances and Home Remedies (Como agua para chocolate: Novela de entregas mensuales can recetas, amores y remedios caseros ) expresses a different, q uite parodic and critical gender perspective that women can use food as a path to power and a part of a cultural cauldron involving sensuality and machismo. This paper is focuses on how food imagery is particularly important in the novel as a voice for wo men and their abundant emotions.

2 3 35 – 2 3 3 9

Authors: Dr. B.P. Singh

t is beyond doubt that timing of school principals, political pressure, soci al pressure, management pressure, coordination between teaching and non - teaching members, change of attitude of students and community towards teachers has increased the level of stress among school principals. Every day we talk of improving quality of edu cation. All these indicate the stress and strain among principals and leads to serious health consequences. 200 private and government school principals selected through stratified random sampling from Haryana were administered organization role stress sca le (Pareek, 1983). Comparison between private and government school principals was worked on its 10 dimensions by applying t - test. The results revealed that private school principal experienced higher organization role stress in the dimensions of inter - rol e distance, role stagnation, role isolation, personal inadequacy self role distance, role ambiguity and resource inadequacy than their counterpart. The results were discussed in view of changing global education system. Finding indicates that there is a ne ed of periodic assessment of these stresses on the principals and to evolve the education system which reduces stress among the principals

2 3 53 – 2 3 66

Authors: Dr. B.P. Singh & Manju Kumari

In the present study an attempt has been made to find out the relation between Government and private teacher working in the secondary school with respect to their personal, professional and social adjustment. In addition to t his, their adjustment is also compared to male and female teachers working in the private and government school. For the present study a sample of 200 teachers is selected, out of these 100 are taken from private school and 100 are taken of Govt. School. E qual number of male and female teachers of private and Govt. School are selected. We have selected only 5 Govt. and 5 Private schools from Jind city only. To study these adjustment we have used teacher adjustment inventory by S.K. Mangal . the result indic ates that there is a significant difference exist in personal, professional and social adjustment of these teachers. The govt. Teachers were found to be better adjusted as compared to the Private Teachers. While there is no difference in the adjustment be havior of male and female teachers of the same school

2 3 83 – 2 3 94

Authors: Rajeshri Soni, Rahul mhabde, Dr. Jaideo Deshmukh

The importance of women has increased due to narrowing gender difference in education, income, and wealt h over the time. Women’s have contributed nearly 50 % of nation wealth. As women play a major role in making financial decisions, it is important to understand their financial attitudes; their perception towards investment and investment awareness about d ifferent investment avenues. The study is empirical research based on the women residing in Nagpur. The study basically highlights the contribution of women in investment decision and their role towards responsible investment. This research is also carrie d out to find out various options available to the women investors, while doing their financial planning and to find out their buying behavior and attitude towards risk and return

2155 - 2164

Authors: Ms. Sunanda Roy, Dr. Lalita R. Vartak

Cooperative Lear ning is a very formal way of structuring activities in a learning environment that includes specific elements intended to increase the potential for rich and deep learning by the participants . ‘Pair work’ is a classroom activity in which the whole class is divided into pairs. It is really a type of group work, using 'groups' of two. Because the point of pair work is to get students speaking and listening, the content of a pair work session should be mainly oral. The paper discusses the historical background of pair work. It presents a list of different Cooperative Learning Techniques using pairs along with a detailed description of the teachers and students activities for each technique. Although there are many advantages of using pair work in classrooms, it also has a few limitations. The paper attempts to help teachers overcome these limitations.

2192 - 2 201

Authors: Swati Detha

NO

2219 - 2227

Authors: Rajesh Kumar

The concept of Rule of Law is that the state is governed, not by the ruler or the nominated representatives of the people but by the law. The Constitution of India intended for India to be a country governed by the rule of law. It provides that the constitution shall be the supreme power in the land and the legislative and the executive derive their authority from the constitution. The King is not the law but the law is king. It means that the law rules over all people i ncluding the persons administering the law. The law makers need to give reasons that can be justified under the law while exercising their powers to make and administer law. Rule of Law plays an important role in the democratic countries. It provides prote ction to the people against the arbitrary action of the administrative authorities. The expression ‘rule of law’ has been derived from the French phrase ‘la Principle de legality’ i.e. a government based on the principles of law. In simple words, the term ‘rule of law, indicates the state of affairs in a country where, in main, the law rules. Law may be taken to mean mainly a rule or principle which governs the external actions of the human beings and which is recognized and applied by the State in the admi nistration of justice. It is impossible to get the supremacy of law without the rule of law

2234 - 2258

Authors: Dr. Mohinder Kumar Slariya

SRJIS / Mohinder Kumar Slariya / ( 22 34 - 22 58 ) APRIL - MAY , 201 5 . VOL. II/ IX www.srjis.com Page 2234 HUMAN DIMENSION OF DEVELOPMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE: NEEDS NEW MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT? Dr. Mohinder Kumar Slariya , Associate Professor , Environmental Sociologist, Govt. PG College, Chamba, Himachal Pradesh University To make life more comfortabl e, since ages, man has been altering the nature in the name of development. In the era of rapid industrialization consciously or unconsciously, he unscientifically utilize the natural resources and resulting into the major problems of 21 st century includin g environmental pollution and global warming on the one hand and creating more problems to the human beings by ignoring human dimensions which get accelerated in context of climate change. Hydroelectric power development is one such developmental initiativ e which is sine - quo - none of any development and instrumental to achieve desired goals of any society or any economy. But such developments at what cost? Human dimension of such development has remained unaddressed and today it is becoming alarming. This qu estion has been analyzed in present paper. The present paper is based on micro study, exploratory in nature, conducted in 22 villages by dividing in 5 research clusters and interviewing 200 respondents in NHPC owned Chamera - I power project. It is an analy tical analysis of deprivations received because of it’s construction and put the people in psychological trauma. The impact can be divided in two broad categories; one, project affects people (PAP), who got displaced and got compensation, jobs in NHPC and resettled somewhere in the part of the district or state. The second category; who have not affected as per the revenue/policy document of NHPC and can be called as Not Project Affected People (Not - PAP). But in real sense, they are the people who are facin g ill effects of this developmental activity and at present, they are dying every moment, every hour and every day and moreover, their concerns have never listened and never answered by state govt. as well as by the executors. To address the issue existing Lobbyist Pressurized Model of development should be replaced by Benefit Sharing Participatory Model of development

2274 - 2282

Authors: Dr. Sanjukta Bhuyan & Bimal Prasad Mallick

This study is an attempt to find out the variation in job satisfaction of the contract teachers and regular teachers on the basis of their gender. The sample comprised of 120 Secondary School teachers; out of them 60 were contract teachers an d 60 were regular teachers. Further 30 male and 30 female teachers were included both contract and regular groups. The sample was selected out of 20 Secondary Schools applying simple random sampling procedure. Job satisfaction scale of Singh and Sharma was used for collection of data. The ‘t’ test was applied in order to calculate the significance difference between two group means. The results indicated that regular teachers have more job satisfaction in comparison to contract teachers. There was significa nt difference between contract teachers and regular teachers regarding job satisfaction. There was no gender variation among the contract teachers and regular teachers in regard to job satisfaction

2303 – 2 308

Authors: Dr. (mrs.) Meena sharma

he term women rights refers to freedom and entitlement of Women & girls of all ages. These rights may or may not be ignored or suppressed by law, local customs & behavior in a particular society. women in India carry a strong desire for freedom. The status at which women reached during the present era is not achieved due to the kindness of men or due to natural prog ress; it is rather achieved through a long struggle & sacrifice on women’s part. The legal status of Women in India has been subjected to many changes; many acts were also passed for benefits, welfare and development of women which were accepted by the soc iety. It is pleasant to talk about women liberation, but no one has really given them freedom despite of all the laws. Constitute provide many rights to the women but the practical fact is that she does not get her actual rights. The status of women has to start from the social framework, social structure, and cultural norms. Value systems influence social expectations regarding the behavior of both men & women & determine a woman's role along with her position in society to a great extent. The significan ce and the purpose of the paper is to make people aware about the status of women in our society, firstly freedom should be given to them so that they can feel empowered. The present paper presents the social status of women in India and focuses on the ga p between the position and role according to the laws and constitution

2328 – 2334

Authors: Dr. Namesh Kumar

Education provides the surest instrument for attaining sustainable development of a high order in a country. In th is regard, primary education acts as the basic enabling factor for participation, freedom and overcoming of basic deprivation; whereas secondary education facilitates economic development and establishment of social justice. Over the years, liberalisation and globalisation have led to rapid changes in scientific and technological world and have prompted the general needs of improved quality of life and reduced poverty. This undoubtedly necessitates the school leavers to acquire higher levels of knowledge an d skills than what they are essentially imparted with throughout the eight years of elementary education. Also, a crucial stage in the educational hierarchy, secondary education empowers children to aggrandise nations by preparing them for higher education and also the world of work.Following the recommendations of New Education Policy of 1986 and Programme of Action, 1992 the Government of India initiated different schemes to support children of secondary and higher secondary schools at different points in tim