International Journal of Engineering Research and General Science

6-15

Authors: Ahmed Sadıq Hassan Zuwaen, Prof. Dr. Ender SARIFAKIOĞLU, Salih Yilmaz

The forces result from water pressure are interfere with each other which produce a difficulty to recognize and measure their effects. for that, enhancing reinforced concrete dam face is an essential structural task which is used to improve dams surface form different stresses reflection and deformation. the effect of SFRC and PFRC protect and improve reinforced dam concrete face strength. In this study, the experimental work using a model of SFRC, PFRC panels was carried out to study response and resistance against subjected loads. The experimental program marked as four groups in which each group contains a panel without steel fiber a panels with SFRC, a panel with PFRC and finally a panel with mix SFRC with PFRC. The specimens of slab concrete with the dimensions of 500 × 500 × 60 mm have been subjected to different testing machines to obtain the shear strength behavior of each specimen type. The recent research results indicate that the steel fiber has a significant improvement on the behavior of concrete in groups under the same conditions, also in general the shear strength improved with respect to PFRC and the results observed more concrete ability with it. Finally, mixing SFRC with PFRC presents a superior results of concrete mechanical characteristic which can be used as an enhanced alternative of dam concrete surface.

23-33

Authors: Amjed Imad Noor Alawadı, Prof. Dr. Ender SARIFAKIOĞLU, Salih Yilmaz

The flow over stepped spillways is a complex flowdue to the turbulence of water flow with different water flow aspects. for that, in this paper, the spillway effects have been investigated by various spillway design analysis using ANSYS CFD Fluent software. The slope of all the models is held constant for each case and two types of slops considered in this research. The inlet boundary condition of the stepped spillway model is represented by the discharge. The outlet boundary condition of the spillway is set by pressure, velocity and volume of friction. The results observed that it is feasible to improve the hydraulic behaviors of a pool configurations stepped spillway. the pools in this study present an overcome of the flow stability and energy dissipation issues. The pressure value at the beginning of the step in the pooled configuration was large, while for the notched pool the maximum pressure values decreased near the step pool. Pool configuration (simple or notched) did not have a significant influence on the location of air entrainment.Also, the air entrainment location (inception point) moves downward when increases the discharge rate. This result observes the importance of the spillway steps shape to generate the pressure force based on height of each step.

46-52

Authors: Chandrasekhar Putcha*, Ahin Banerjee, Debanshee Datta, Ismael Rivera Perez, Ben Chan, Pratyush Pandey

This paper deals with a study used to determine optimal value using the traditional simplex method and the newly developed Putcha-Bhuiyan method. The methods involved used the initial basic feasible solution obtained from the North-West and Russell Method. Using the traditional simplex method one can determine an optimal solution for transportation problems through a series of iterations until optimality is obtained. The newly developed Putcha-Bhuiyan Method eliminates having to go through many iterations to determine optimality for a transportation problem. Both methods are useful for determining optimality and determining the minimal/maximum costs for a transportation problem. Keywords