Moldovan Medical Journal

6-11

Authors: Eugeniu Cazacu, Eremei Zota, Claudiu Margaritescu, Radu Niguleanu, Ruslan Pretula

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases are proteolytic enzymes responsible for the disorder of extracellular matrix modeling in endometriosis and their involvement in the invasion process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of matrix-metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14 in surgical excision specimens, collected from women with extragenital endometriosis compared to their expression in the normal endometrium. Material and methods: The study included 40 female patients diagnosed with extragenital endometriosis. The used methods consisted in processing the specimens by classical histological technique with paraffin inclusion and enzymatic immunohistochemical technique for the detection of metalloproteinases MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14. Results: The expression of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-14 was significant in glandular cells from endometriotic lesions, while MMP-9 was evident in both stromal and glandular cells in these lesions. The expression MMP-1 was not present. Normal endometrial tissue showed high reactivity for MMP-14 and low reactivity for MMP-2 and MMP-9. Conclusions: This study reveals some aspects related to the morphological and clinical features of extragenital endometriosis with different locations and the correlation between the clinical evolution and some immunohistochemical markers with potential prognosis regarding the aggressiveness of such lesions.

18-22

Authors: Aliona Busuioc, Victoria Vintu

Background: The characteristic of the levels of professional communication skills is used by foreign medical students in the formation of the specialized language in Romanian. The professional communication is presented by the criteria and the levels of training of the professional communication skills. Material and methods: The method of official documents analysis, scientific observation, case study, questionnaire method, tests provided with the examination and evaluation of the situation in the field of professional communication skills at foreign medical students were elaborated. Based on the specialized text, the low, medium or high levels of training of the professional communication skills of the specialized language were identified. Results: The experiment was conducted at Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 72 second-year foreign medical students were involved, General Medicine study program. The levels of training of professional communication skills of the specialized language were identified through the integrated set of knowledge, skills and attitudes for each level. The production of oral / written messages and the ability to form sentences, texts in specialized language, in social and professional interactions, in order to perform service tasks were determined by the system of knowledge, skills and attitudes. Conclusions: Based on the questionnaires and the compared values of the evaluation test, the training levels of the professional communication skills of the specialized language at the foreign medical students were identified.

27-34

Authors: Tatiana Globa, Lilian Globa, Valeriu David, Pavel Globa, Elina Pelin, Lilian Saptefrati

Background: Immune cells interact not only with tumor cells but also with stromal cells facilitating the progression of neoplasia. The ongoing battle between immune cells and the tumor is an important factor influencing the clinical course and outcome of treatment in various types of cancer. The aim of the study was to identify the prognostic value of dendritic cells and macrophages in prostate carcinoma. Material and methods: This retrospective study analyzed 73 samples of prostate cancer. The macrophages and dendritic cells have been evaluated using the immunohistochemical methods with CD68 (macrophages) and S100 (dendritic cells). Macrophages were quantified as intratumoral and peritumoral, and dendritic cells – intraepithelial and stromal. The results were analyzed statistically. Results: For evaluation of the prognostic impact of immune cells was accomplished a correlation between the total number of CD68+/S100+ cells and the Gleason score. Thus, statistically significant correlations were obtained both for CD68+ cells (intratumoral p=0.008, peritumoral p=0.001), and for S100+ cells (intraepithelial p=0.036, stromal p=0.042). In addition, a statistically significant positive linear correlation was observed between the density of intraepithelial S100+ cells and intratumoral CD68+ cells (p=0.018). Conclusions: The increase in the density of S100+ and CD68+ cells, as well as the significant association of their density with the histological degree of the tumor allow us to consider these cells as predictive biomarkers in prostate carcinomas.

43-48

Authors: Lilia Tacu

Background: The cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (Dx), an antineoplastic drug, is imposed by the development of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. The expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in myocardium under the action of Dx, directly correlates with the degree of cardiac dysfunction, mediated by endothelin A (ETA) receptor. Material and methods: For prospective randomized study 2 groups of white rats (experimental group n=9, control group n=9) were used. During 2 weeks in the control group was administrated Dx (i/p, 4mg/kg in one dose, twice/week), cumulative dose – 16 mg/kg. The ET-1 effects were estimated at its peak action in concentration 10-7 M (mol), reproduced after 30 sec of endothelin stimulation. Results: The functional parameters of isolated heart perfused in physiologic regime and in condition of volume and resistance overload under the ET-1 action in the group with Dx compared with the control one, were reduced considerably, namely: cardiac output (CO); left ventricle systolic pressure (LVSP); left ventricle end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Conclusions: Under the ET-1 action on the isolated heart perfused in physiologic regime in the group with Dx – the LVSP and CO were reduced determining negative inotropic effect. At the volume overload test, under the ET-1 action, the diastolic impairment was more evident in the group with Dx, due to increased LVEDP. At the resistance overload test under the ET-1 action, the CO was reduced indicating the depreciation of myocardial contraction capacity.

54-60

Authors: Ina Gutu

Background: It was found out that the development of oxidative stress in the inflammatory processes is determined by the action of harmful factors, as well as by the activity of leukocytes, macrophages, monocytes with the production of reactive oxygen species. Preparations of entomological origin have revealed antioxidant effect in various pathological processes. Therefore, in the present study, we determine the influence of imuheptin and imupurin on the evolution of oxidative stress parameters during subacute inflammation. Material and methods: Subacute inflammation was induced in 40 rats. Imupurin, imuheptin and dexamethasone were administered daily for seven days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant activity (TAA) superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, pro-oxidant antioxidant balance (PAB), native and total thiols in the serum were measured on the 7th day. One-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s post-hoc comparisons tests were performed. Results: Imuheptin produced non-essential reduction of MDA (15.9±2.4 μM/L), native thiol (84.1±18.04 μM/L) level and a tendency to increase SOD (1033.6±171.4 u/c) activity, compared to the control group (p>0.05). Imupurine decreased MDA (14.6±2.0 μM/L), total thiol (85.9±14.7 μM/L) and native thiol (78.36±12.4 μM/L), also restored SOD activity (1117.6±103.7 u/c), increased TAA (0.41 ± 0.02 mM/L, p<0.05) compared with the control group. PAB was more influenced by imuheptin (325.82 ± 57.82 HK) than imupurin (340.14 ± 37.09 HK). Conclusions: Imupurine and imuheptin have shown a tendency to reduce the intensity of free-radical generation from membrane lipids and to restore antioxidant capacity.

65-74

Authors: Stanislav Groppa, Eremei Zota, Adrian Bodiu, Alexandru Gasnas, Elena Manole, Natalia Ciobanu, Pavel Leahu, Daniela Efremova, Igor Crivorucica, Danu Glavan, Tatiana Balanuta

Background: It is predicted that stroke’s incidence and impact will increase considerably over time. Proper management of stroke depends on a reliable and urgent diagnosis that includes patient / relative - emergency team - hospital chain, so the diagnosis begins with the recognition of the first signs of stroke. In order to act promptly in the acute period and subsequently assess the risk factors, the neurological service needs to be equipped with highperformance neuroimaging and clinical laboratory. The specific treatment of acute ischemic stroke is nowadays the reperfusion procedure, performed by thrombolytic therapy and, since 2015, by the endovascular treatment. Stroke is also a leading cause of severe long-term disability. The rehabilitation of post-stroke patients requires an interdisciplinary approach, in order to prevent recurrences, combat complications and reintegrate the patient into society. Conclusions: Stroke remains one of the leading determinants of death and severe disability worldwide and the Republic of Moldova is not an exception. Considering the narrow window for recognition and administration of outcome-modifying treatment, the management of stroke focuses mainly on rapid reperfusion via intravenous thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy. The availability of this specialized treatment in the Stroke Unit could improve the patient’s outcome and decrease the disability’s level and economical burden. There is clear evidence that preventing a stroke is much more effective than treating it, so we should seize the opportunity and act involving not only the medical staff, but also the government, health decision makers, specialists in public health and international agencies.