Nanotechnologies in Construction: A Scientific Internet-Journal

48-63

Authors: Mazitova A.K., Aminova G.K., Maskova A.R., Yagafarova G.G., Mazitov R.M.

The work is devoted to the analysis and development of effective types of plasticizers for a wide range of finishing (linoleum) and insulating building materials (insulation tape, cable plastic) with improved mechanical and technical characteristics. In connection with the growth of consumption of finishing and insulating materials, the development of new formulations of PVC compositions for construction with the use of new plasticizers is not only an urgent task, but also within the framework of construction it allows solving the problems of effective quality control of a finished PVC composition.

97-115

Authors: Rizvanov R.G., Mulikov D.Sh., Karetnikov D.V., Cherepashkin S.E., Shirgazina R.F.

Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are widely applied for implementation of various processes at ventures of fuel and energy complex. Cost of production and reliability of heat exchangers of this type is to a wide extent determined by corresponding characteristics of tube bundle, «tube – tubesheet» is its typical joint in particular when welding operations are used in order to attach tubes to tubesheet in addition to expansion. When manufacturing such equipment of heat-resistant chrome-bearing or chromium-molybdenum steels including steel 15H5M, the process of fixed joint manufacturing gets significantly more complicated and costly due to the necessity to use thermal treatment before, during and after welding (this problem is particularly applicable for manufacturing of large-size equipment). One of the options to exclude thermal treatment from manufacturing process is to use «non-arc» welding methods – laser welding, explosion welding as well as friction welding. Use of each of the welding methods mentioned above during production of heat-exchange equipment has its process challenges and peculiarities.

131-148

Authors: Bekbaev A.A., Agzamov F.A., Khafizov A.R., Lyagov A.V.

Practical aspects of the well construction show that the use of conventional cementing materials do not always provide the necessary level of quality of well casing when the requirements to resources conservation are enhanced. This is true for such complex geological conditions as the alternation of beds with different formation pressures, low fracturing pressure gradients, drilling with ERD etc. The main problems in well casing under these conditions are the losses of cement slurries, low cement top, low-quality formation isolation, and as the result of this – the emergence of cross-flows.

44-61

Authors: Kudryavtsev P.G., Kudryavtsev N.P., Figovsky O.L.

The paper presents the results of studies on the industrial purification of oil-containing wastewater with the use of new nanocomposite flocculants-coagulants ASFC and ISFC. They were tested using the methods of wastewater treatment industries, as well as rain water containing oil. Specific examples of water purification were examined, using new aluminum-silicon and iron-silicon flocculants-coagulants. The authors have developed and patented the technology of obtaining flocculants-coagulants of this type in solid form. To produce such composite materials, the method of matrix isolation of active components was used. An efficiency of coagulants-flocculant ASFC and ISFC used in real industrial wastewater has been evaluated. Comparison was made for new composite materials with known analogues.

96-108

Authors: Agzamov F.A., Konesev G.V., Hafizov A.R.

Disintegrator technology was widely used in the construction industry and in the oil and gas industry. In the process of drilling wells, powdery materials are used, the quality of which often determines the results of the well construction as an engineering structure. The application of disintegrator technology in the processing of clay powders which are one of the main components used to produce washing liquids has shown the high efficiency of this technology. One of the main multi-tonnage materials used in the construction of deep wells for oil and gas is Portland cement. However, the specific conditions of the well and work performance technology establish additional requirements for both grouting cement and also mortar and stone which are obtained from this binder.

66-81

Authors: Kudryavtsev P.G., Figovsky O.L.

The authors consider some aspects of production of inorganic heat-resistant composite materials in which new classes of inorganic binders - the basic salts of various metals – are applied. The possibility to use hydroxochlorides and hydroxonitrates of aluminum, zirconium, chromium and a number of other metals as the binder has been shown. The main products of the thermal decomposition of all types of binders discussed in this paper are nano-dispersed highly refractory oxides. Increased pressure in the manufacture of these materials shifts the position of the minimum of the dependence «production strength – production temperature» in the direction of low temperatures. This effect is caused by decreased film thickness of the binder located between filler particles and hence by increased rate of transfer of the matter to the interface and by facilitated sintering process. Materials based on the systems containing chromium and some other elements in transitional oxidation states are colour. For this reason, they have the worst thermal conductivity under the same heat resistance compared to colorless materials.

54-68

Authors: Popov A.N., Frolov A.M., Yakhin A.R., Konesev G.V., Agzamov F.A.

Drilling fluids for deep and extended reach wells are complex multicomponent systems that contain dissolved salts, polymers, surfactants and coarse solids. Complexity of drilling mud is caused by wide range of functions: creating pressure on the formation, retention of cuttings particles in suspension, bottomhole cleaning and transportation of sludge on the surface, preservation of reservoir properties of the target formation and other. Tribological properties are one of the most important properties of the drilling fluids. It is possible to control properties through introduction of lubricant additives. Their components are characterized by high, sometimes unique, surface activity, they create superplastic nanofilms on the surface of the protective pipe, contribute to chemical modification of the surface layers of metal.

43-57

Authors: Shapovalov N.A., Poluektova V.A.

Rheological properties of highly concentrated dispersions, particle aggregate size of the dispersion phase and other colloid-chemical characteristics of suspensions used in the building industry are determined by the peculiarities of the boundary layer structure. The authors have identified the adsorption parameters of resole oligomers synthesized on the base of trifunctionl oxyphenyls on the following adsorbents: CaCO3, ZnO. The most potential adsorption pattern of phloroglucinefurfural nanomodificator molecules on the surface of chalk particles have been suggested in the work. It has been stated that the molecules of oxyphenyl oligomers are adsorbed on the surface of disperse material particles forming monomolecular layer.

87-101

Authors: Chernishov E.M., Slavcheva G.S., Artamonova O.V.

The efficiency of the use of nanotechnology solutions specially grown nanoparticles to regulate the rheological properties, the kinetics of setting and hardening of the modified cement stone. Modification of the cement stone structure was carried out using the synthesized authors complex nanomodifier (CNA) on the basis of SiO2 nanopar-ticles and superplasticizer GLENIUM®ACE 30 based on polycarboxylate. The originality of the author's approach is the method of synthesis and the method of administration of complex nanomodifier based on SiO2. CNA was prepared in an aqueous medium, which is then used both as a cement mixing water system.

124-143

Authors: Boldyrev A.M., Orlov A.S., Guschin D.A.

The chemical analysis of metal seam showed that introduction of titanium dioxide with MCA intensifies transition of Al2O3 from slag into metal pool and provides double concentration of titanium in the seam compared to the one which appears in the interaction of bathtub with melted flux AH-47 without TiO2 additives. The presence of oxides of titanium and aluminium of endogenous origin in the melt leads to formation of refractory particles with the center of TiO2 and Al2O3 in it. These particles are the centers of crystallization in the tail part of the molten pool and they remain in seam metal in the form of evenly distributed fine nonmetallic inclusions, which have crystallographic affinity with a matrix (α-iron). That provides the fine-grained seam structure with the raised and stable strength characteristics. This article compares the existing and developed technologies for production of MCA.