Environment&Health (Dovkillia ta zdorovia)

12-19

Authors: Гончаров С.Ф., Аветисов Г.М., Сердюк А.М., Лось И.П., Тарасюк О.Е.

It is discussed the causes of non-availability to carrying out of iodine prophylaxis in case of need for population who lives in the dangerous nearness to Russian nuclear power plants. It was considered guidance of the World Health Organization due to this issue and experience of the European countries, Belarus and Ukraine concerning government regulation of planning, management and implementation of iodine prophylaxis for public. For optimal and favorable decision of this issue it is necessary to approve federal documents which regulate necessity and procedure of planning, management and implementation of iodine prophylaxis in case of need for public on territory up to 1000 km from Russian NPPs in operation. Also it is necessary to adopt “Regulations concerning coordinated actions of federal executive authorities, authorized authority concerning uses of atomic energy, executive authorities of constituent regions of the Russian Federation, local authorities and operator in case of radiation accident at NPP” which were developed by “Energoatom Concern”.

26-29

Authors: German O., Vattenfall A.B.

This article presents the results of the radon risk mapping carried out in 2010 and 2011 in Odessa Savran district. The method applied in the work was developed by the Swedish radon experts in the 80-ies and is widely used in several European countries in our days. The radon risk assessment is done based on the number of geological, geomorphologic and hydrological data and measurements [1]. Field investigations have been performed in the Savran district with measurements in all villages. Gamma spectrometers were used to measure the uranium, thorium and potassium concentration in soils and emanometers were used to measure radon in soil gas. The results of the measurements are considered representative for Ukrainian soils.

33-38

Authors: Тарасюк О., Лось П., Шабуніна Н.Д., Нездемовська Т.

To elucidate the factors influencing perception of radiation risk in people in Ukraine we conducted a survey using self-administered questionnaire consisting of 37 questions including 5 questions about radiation contamination of their living places and foodstuffs, and 9 questions about radiation and risk. The subjects were high school or university students and their parents living in Slavutych town. The survey was carried out in randomly selected high schools and universities. The study represents high school pupils and students aged 15 and older who permanently reside in Slavutych. In this survey area we distributed 660 questionnaires to students and their parents. Results of the questionnaire poll among schoolchildren, students and their parents in Slavutych town are described in relation to their attitude to the consequences of Chornobyl accident and their attitude to nuclear energy and its development in Ukraine. Although more than 26 years have elapsed since the Chernobyl accident occurred most Ukrainian people showed a fear of the Chornobyl accident. 28% of respondents from among youth of Slavutych and 43% of parents are of opinion that foodstuffs are contaminated by radionuclides. Opinion survey established that very low level of knowledge was presence among youth of Slavutych due to actions in case of potential radiation accident and fundamental knowledge about radiation factor. 60% from youth of Slavutych and two thirds of interviewed parents consider that information about real consequences on Chornobyl NPP is still concealed. But in Slavutych town percentage of respondents who approves building of new NPP units is considerably higher than showing in other regions of Ukraine. Subjective assessment of radiation risk among youth of Slavutych is considerably lower in comparison with respondents of other regions.

44-48

Authors: Прикащикова К., Костюк Г.В., Ковальчук В., Шатоян Ю.С., Іскра Н., Павловський, Романенко Н.Т., Полянська В.М., Лук’янюк В.О., Волковинська М., Брильов В.В.

Purpose of the scientific research: analyze dynamics of non-tumor diseases among men, evacuated in their childhood and adolescent (up to 18) from 30-kilometers zone around Chernobyl NPP in the late period (1993-2007) after the accident according to clinical-and-epidemiologic register (CER). 1809 men registered in CER dispensary. Dynamics of non-tumor diseases have been studied for five-yearobservation periods (1993–1997; 1998–2002; 2003–2007). Epidemiological methods have been used. It was detected that two age-groups patients showed reduction in non-tumor diseases during the second (12-16 years after the accident) and the third (17-21 years after the accident) periods compared to the first period (7-11 years after the accident). This non-tumor diseases dynamics caused by lack of changes, as well as by lower level of indices of the most classes’ diseases (nervous system and sense organs, respiratory, digestive, urogenital systems, etc.) during the observation periods. At the same time both age-groups of men during the third period (17-21 years after the accident) as compared to the previous periods registered to have a certain growth of indices levels of some nosological forms: vegetative diseases of the central nervous system, cerebrovascular disease, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis.

56-59

Authors: Яворовський О.П., Веремей М., Демецька О.В., Зінченко Т.О.

There are several methods of nanoparticles visualization and determine their concentrations in the air, but the vast majorities have some disadvantages. In this paper, we propose new approaches for the hygienic control of the nanoparticles content in the working area. The water-soluble polyvinylpyrrolidone filters testing have shown that they keep aerosol particles with size from 1 nm to 10 microns at a speed of air aspiration to 30 l/min. The polyvinylpyrrolidone is provided to obtain a suspension with stable nanoparticles and can use to analyze the nanoparticles form and dispersion immediately. The water-soluble filters provides the ability to calculate their total surface area. This is needed for a full toxicological assessment of nanoparticles.

64-67

Authors: Томашевська Л.А., Кравчун Т., Андрієнко Л.Г.

To assess the combined effects of chloroform and EMI on reproductive characteristics were studied biochemical parameters of amniotic fluid. The experiment was conducted on female, which predimplatatsiony period subjected to combined effects of EMR and chloroform. In the amniotic fluid at the 20-th day of gestation studied biochemical parameters. Showed a reduction in protein and urea, decreased glucose levels and alkaline phosphatase activity. The strain of the functional state of amniotic fluid can affect prenatal development of the fetus. Amniotic fluid is an informative indicator of fruit-parent relationship in the prenatal ontogeny. Studies have shown that the chemical composition of the fluid amniotichesoky to determine violations of the formation of metabolic pathways in a single system, "mother- fetal amniotic – fluid" under the influence of environmental hazards, to assess the adverse effects on the reproductive processes and to predict the probability of long-term effects. In addition, the results showed that the embryotoxic effect is the combined action of EMR and chloroform in the pre-implantation period. This approach is particularly important in determining safe levels of exposure to factors in the short-term experiments.

70-74

Authors: Кобзар А.Я., Корзун В.Н., Карандєєва Н., Дзюба О.

The world trends analysis of using food supplements in large amount at the producing of food products shows the high potential level of their danger for human health at the prolonged intake. The factors of negative influence on health of food products containing different synthetic ingredients are summed in the article, the questions of regulating and management by food products quality are determined; the variants of problem solving on the government level and on the level of ordinary consumers are evaluated.